9Th to 16Th Annual Report of the Lyman and Industrial Schools
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Public Document No. 18 THIRTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OP THE TRUSTEES <v. - Lyman and Industrial Schools (Formerly known as Trustees of the State Primary and Reform Schools), Year ending November 30, 1907. k% • mm 1 BOSTON: WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS, 18 Post Office Square. 1908. Approved by The State Boafd ok Publtoation. CONTENTS. PAGE Trustees' Report ox Lyman School, 6 Trustees' Report on State Industrial School, 16 Appendix A, Report of Treasurer and Receiver-General on Trust Funds, 27 Appendix B, Report of Officers of the Lyman School: — Report of Superintendent 39 Report of Superintendent of Lyman School Probationers, .... 45 Report of Physician, 58 Statistics concerning Boys, 60 Financial Statement, 70 Farm Account, 74 Valuation of Property, 75 List of Salaried Officers, 77 Statistical Form for State Institutions, 79 AFPBNDI3 C, Report of Officers of the State Industrial School: — Report of Superintendent, 83 Report of Superintendent of Industrial School Probationers, ... 91 Report of Physician, 98 Statistics concerning Girls 99 Financial Statement, 120 Farm Account, 124 Valuation of Property, 125 List of Salaried Officers 126 List of Volunteer Visitors, 12S Statistical Form for State Institutions, 130 Commflnforaltjj of llfassacjfnsttis. Lyman and Industkial Schools. TRUSTEES. M. H. WALKER, Westborough, Chairman. ELIZABETH G. EVANS, Boston, Secretary. SUSAN C. LYMAN, Waltham. JAMES W. McDONALD, Marlborough. GEORGE H. CARLETON, Haverhill. MATTHEW B. LAMB, Worcester. CARL DREYFUS, Boston. HEADS OP DEPARTMENTS. ELMER L. COFFEEN, Superintendent of Lyman School. THOMAS H. AYER, Visiting Physician of Lyman School. WALTER A. WHEELER, Superintendent of Lyman School Probationers. FANNIE F. MORSE, Superintendent of State Industrial School. C C. BECKLEY, Visiting Physician of State Industrial School. MARY W. DEWSON, Superintendent of Industrial School Probationers Commontomltl] of lltassarjwsttis. TRUSTEES' REPORT. To Eis Excellency the Governor and the Eonorable Council. The trustee? ot the Lyman and Industrial Schools respectfully present the following report for the year ending Nov. 30, 1907, for the two reform schools under their control. M. H. WALKER. ELIZABETH G. EVANS. SUSAN C. LYMAN. james w, Mcdonald. GEORGE H. CARLETOX. MATTHEW B. LAMB. CARL DREYFUS. TRUSTEES' REPORT LYMAN SCHOOL. [Dec. LYMAN SCHOOL FOR BOYS AT WESTBOROUGH. The Lyman School is a State institution for the care and education of boys who, being under the age of fifteen, are committed by the courts for minor offences. Many of the boys are committed upon the request of their parents ; but the ' " real offences of these so-called ' stubborn children are usually found, upon investigation, to be of much the same character as those convicted upon complaint of the police for serious breaches of the law. The same is true of boys committed under chapter 314 of the Acts of 1906 as delinquent children. In every case the term of commitment is for minority, — the duty being thus laid upon the school and its probation depart- ment, not merely to restrain or instruct a group of troublesome boys for a prescribed season, but also to follow them when they go back to the world, and to see that they are given a chance for a fresh start in life. The institution at Westborough with 160 acres of land has accommodations for some 300 boys, distributed in ten cottage groups; and there is a primary department at Berlin, seven miles distant, where a small number of the younger boys are cared for. At Westborough the term of detention depends upon a marking system, intended to hold a boy for from a year to eighteen months, and longer when they prove recal- citrant. The educational methods in use are well up to modern requirements, drawing, music, manual training both in sloyd and in more advanced courses in wood and in iron being emphasized in the curriculum. The report of the superintendent upon page 39 describes the methods of the school in detail, the various ways in which the boys are employed out of school hours and the general mechanism of the institution. In the Berlin branch the methods are comparatively in- formal, as is possible when but a handful of children are grouped together, and the training is expected to be soon supplemented by boarding out in some country family, — the theory that a judicious home training in many cases is all that is needed for lads of from nine to thirteen being amply borne 1907.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 18. 7 out by experience. Boys who are not amenable to these mild methods of control, or who, having been returned to their own people, have reverted to lawlessness, are recalled to the main branch of the institution at Westborough for a longer term under its more systematic training. About half of the Berlin boys are successfully reinstated in the community, having had an average of but four or five months of institution life, and wholly escaping the undesirable acquaintance which is an in- evitable incident of membership in a large reform school. The term of detention at Berlin being so short, an old- fashioned farmhouse, affording accommodation for but 22 boys, has sufficed to care for 55 of the 207 boys committed within the past year. Had all these been retained in the institution as long as is customary at Westborough, or until there was a reasonable chance that they would behave themselves with their own people, the State would have been forced to sink many thousands of dollars in additional accommodations and to spend many other thousands of dollars in maintenance. The Berlin cottage, which was opened just twelve years ago, has up to date received 520 different children. Its primary cost was only $8,500, including the house, the furnishings and 100 acres of land ; while a boarded boy costs only $2 a week (this covers his clothing), with a trifle in addition for visiting, against an average cost of $5.19 for maintenance in the institution. When a boy leaves the school, whether after a few weeks' detention at Berlin, as sometimes happens, or after the year or more at Westborough, he passes into the care of the pro- bation department. The Berlin boys, who are always under thirteen, take eagerly to life in the country, the animals and all the processes of the farm being full of interest to the m ; but boys over fifteen — and few leave Westborough when they are younger — have reached a period of life when the social instincts are becoming imperative, and cases arise in which it is often necessary to strain a point in the effort to balance a boy's taste against his opportunities. The fact that farm work is the only occupation nowadays in which a home goes with the job often causes the trustees to be confronted with the per- plexing alternative of placing a boy under conditions against 8 TRUSTEES' REPORT LYMAN SCHOOL. [Dec. which he is certain to rebel, or returning him to conditions in his own home which afford little encouragement to welldoing:. Thus it happens that where practically every Berlin boy goes out first to a farmer, and invariably considers this a privi- lege and a delight, only 78 of the Westborough boys have gone out to farm places this year, against 152 to their own homes. The tables on page 61 show, of the boys under the care of the visiting department 1 480 in their own homes, 97 placed with farmers or others, 58 at board, and 95 for themselves, as the phrase goes, meaning by this term boys at work in the cities who are not living with relatives or who hire themselves out as farm hands. The amount of $2,645.37 was collected within the year in behalf of 62 boys, mostly under eighteen years of age, at work for farmers, and was placed in the sav- ings bank for their benefit. The years of probation are the critical ones in the formation of character. Training in an institution is at best preparatory. It is life in the world with its temptations and struggles, which is the real thing, the arena in which success or failure is demonstrated. A comparative table, recording the conduct of all who have come of age during recent years, shows : — i This statement is exclusive of 45 boys in the United States army and navy, 48 who have left the State, 93 in the Massachusetts Reformatory or other penal institution, 32 who have been lost track of, 37 runaways from the school who are either known to be in some other institution or in the navy, or who have never been located, included in Table No. 3 on page 61, giving the status of all boys under twenty-one whose names are on the books of the Lyman School Dec. 1, 1907. 1 ,, 1907.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 18, ,_, l> • ,-m'CM CO tH CO © 33 eco o tH © © * 5 • T-l CO <P o tH © ~1~ © SCO * 9) O tH »* tH tH CO l!9 ^-"CM »o Ol CO e 05 CCO o r-l o / 85 fc« • tHCM **' C r-i O "* . 4*0 cm CO CM O Sct- o iH o -^~— a> 85 0. • io *o ** oo o iH 05 .,.^00 CM as e © cm o 05 Q-i ^ • COO ©CM W ,_, CM CM © 3 ceo o CM o 85 1 i ^5 * CM 9 S3 ceo o s o . 85 © CM CM ,H CO © 33 c «c o cm © o © Oh Ua> • © .tH CM CM CO 35 sh-£co O CM o _^__, © Qj C . ao WH u* (M|cOr+0 w OTf CMO OCO •CO CO ,_l CM © fcc^ o CO o ^— * «) PL. o HPMC H CMOOCO r- .CO CM o o CO 2 -~-w- © " Mao Cm Ot-rJHO rh H 1?" 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