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Systemic Racism, Police Brutality of Black People, and the Use of Violence in Quelling Peaceful Protests in America
SYSTEMIC RACISM, POLICE BRUTALITY OF BLACK PEOPLE, AND THE USE OF VIOLENCE IN QUELLING PEACEFUL PROTESTS IN AMERICA WILLIAMS C. IHEME* “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.” —Martin Luther King Jr Abstract: The Trump Administration and its mantra to ‘Make America Great Again’ has been calibrated with racism and severe oppression against Black people in America who still bear the deep marks of slavery. After the official abolition of slavery in the second half of the nineteenth century, the initial inability of Black people to own land, coupled with the various Jim Crow laws rendered the acquired freedom nearly insignificant in the face of poverty and hopelessness. Although the age-long struggles for civil rights and equal treatments have caused the acquisition of more black-letter rights, the systemic racism that still perverts the American justice system has largely disabled these rights: the result is that Black people continue to exist at the periphery of American economy and politics. Using a functional approach and other types of approach to legal and sociological reasoning, this article examines the supportive roles of Corporate America, Mainstream Media, and White Supremacists in winnowing the systemic oppression that manifests largely through police brutality. The article argues that some of the sustainable solutions against these injustices must be tackled from the roots and not through window-dressing legislation, which often harbor the narrow interests of Corporate America. Keywords: Black people, racism, oppression, violence, police brutality, prison, bail, mass incarceration, protests. Summary: 1. INTRODUCTION: SLAVE TRADE AS THE ENTRY POINT OF SYSTEMIC RACISM. -
Bonnie Pointer Obituary: Legendary Pointer Sisters Singer, Dies at 69 - Legacy.Com
6/11/2020 Bonnie Pointer Obituary: legendary Pointer Sisters singer, dies at 69 - Legacy.com NEWS OBITUARIES Bonnie Pointer (1950–2020), Pointer Sisters singer By Kirk Fox June 8, 2020 Bonnie Pointer started the legendary R&B group The Pointer Sisters with her sisters June and Anita in 1969. She left the group in 1977 for a solo career. Bonnie Pointer - Heaven must have sent you (video/audio edited & remastered) HQ https://www.legacy.com/news/celebrity-deaths/bonnie-pointer-1950-2020-pointer-sisters-singer/ 1/5 6/11/2020 Bonnie Pointer Obituary: legendary Pointer Sisters singer, dies at 69 - Legacy.com Died: Monday, June 8, 2020. (Who else died on June 8?) Details of Death: Died at the age of 69. We invite you to share condolences for Bonnie Pointer in our Guest Book. Singing Star Bonnie, June (1953 – 2006), and Anita started The Pointer Sisters in 1969. Older sister Ruth jo in 1972 and the R&B group had a hit in 1973 with “Yes We Can.” They blended elements of ro funk, and country into their R&B sound featuring the sisters’ terri¦c harmony singing. Bonni wrote their country crossover hit song “Fairytale” in 1974, the song reached the top 20 and wo the Grammy Award for Best song by a duo or group in country music. Bonnie left for a solo ca in 1977, she had a hit disco song in 1979 with her cover of “Heaven Must Have Sent You.” She continued to perform and reunited occasionally with her sisters. What they said about her “It is with great sadness that I have to announce to the fans of the Pointer Sisters that my sist Bonnie died this morning.” “Our family is devastated. -
Warbirds’ No-Dating Policy Exception by JIM HERRIN HERALD-CITIZEN
BIG DISTRICT WIN! CHS tops Stone. B1 Herald-CitizenWEDNESDAY,Herald-Citizen JANUARY 23, 2019 | COOKEVILLE, TENNESSEE 117TH YEAR | NO. 16 50 CENTS Commissioners reject pay raise BY JIM HERRIN “It’s been about 14 years ly enough so that it always The change would have gone “If we feel like we have HERALD-CITIZEN since the last time the coun- attracts good people.” into eff ect as of Sept. 1, 2022 earned a pay increase, we ty commission’s pay was ad- Williams made a motion when a new commission should be required to ex- The Putnam County Com- justed,” said Commissioner to set the pay for commis- takes offi ce. plain it to the public and mission Tuesday rejected Jonathan Williams. “I think sioners at fi ve percent of “We need to build in some tell them why we deserve a proposal that would have it’s safe to say that most the salary for the county kind of mechanism so that it a raise,” she said. “Rather tied their salary to that of of us don’t do this for the mayor, thereby implement- will self-adjust for infl ation than it be something that the county mayor and also money. It’s a public service. ing a system that would over time,” Williams said. automatically happens turned aside a suggestion But, by the same token, I automatically increase their Commissioner Cindy Ad- without us having to say that they give themselves a think it’s important that this pay any time the pay for the ams said that wasn’t a good fl at $50 a month increase. -
Murder-Suicide Ruled in Shooting a Homicide-Suicide Label Has Been Pinned on the Deaths Monday Morning of an Estranged St
-* •* J 112th Year, No: 17 ST. JOHNS, MICHIGAN - THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 1967 2 SECTIONS - 32 PAGES 15 Cents Murder-suicide ruled in shooting A homicide-suicide label has been pinned on the deaths Monday morning of an estranged St. Johns couple whose divorce Victims had become, final less than an hour before the fatal shooting. The victims of the marital tragedy were: *Mrs Alice Shivley, 25, who was shot through the heart with a 45-caliber pistol bullet. •Russell L. Shivley, 32, who shot himself with the same gun minutes after shooting his wife. He died at Clinton Memorial Hospital about 1 1/2 hqurs after the shooting incident. The scene of the tragedy was Mrsy Shivley's home at 211 E. en name, Alice Hackett. Lincoln Street, at the corner Police reconstructed the of Oakland Street and across events this way. Lincoln from the Federal-Mo gul plant. It happened about AFTER LEAVING court in the 11:05 a.m. Monday. divorce hearing Monday morn ing, Mrs Shivley —now Alice POLICE OFFICER Lyle Hackett again—was driven home French said Mr Shivley appar by her mother, Mrs Ruth Pat ently shot himself just as he terson of 1013 1/2 S. Church (French) arrived at the home Street, Police said Mrs Shlv1 in answer to a call about a ley wanted to pick up some shooting phoned in fromtheFed- papers at her Lincoln Street eral-Mogul plant. He found Mr home. Shivley seriously wounded and She got out of the car and lying on the floor of a garage went in the front door* Mrs MRS ALICE SHIVLEY adjacent to -• the i house on the Patterson got out of-'the car east side. -
Research Evaluation of the City of Columbus' Response to the 2020
Research Evaluation of the City of Columbus’ Response to the 2020 Summer Protests Trevor L. Brown, Ph.D. Carter M. Stewart, J.D. John Glenn College of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University Table of Contents 1 Overview 5 Executive Summary of Findings and Recommendations 11 Context: Systemic Racism, Policing and Protests 17 Columbus Context and Timeline of Key Events 25 Chapter 1: Citizen-Police Relations and the Protests; Community Member Trauma 32 Chapter 2: City and Columbus Division of Police Leadership and Incident Command 41 Chapter 3: Policy and Training 52 Chapter 4: Officer Wellness and Morale 57 Chapter 5: Mutual Aid 61 Chapter 6: Transparency, Accountability, Public Communication, and Social Media 67 Conclusion 69 Works Cited 80 Appendix A: Recommendations and Findings 92 Appendix B: Research Design, Methods, and Data 99 Appendix C: Columbus Police After Action Review Team 109 Appendix D: List of Acronyms Acknowledgements The research presented in this report benefitted from a diversity of perspectives, backgrounds, disciplinary expertise, and professional experience. In particular, the lead researchers are indebted to the National Police Foundation, the primary subcontractor on this project. The National Police Foundation’s staff, notably Frank Straub and Ben Gorban, harnessed their expertise of policing across the United States and around the globe to ensure that the findings and recommendations aligned with the evolving knowledge base of policing best practice. We are grateful to the array of investigators and interviewers who volunteered their time, energy and expertise to conduct over 170 interviews in the midst of a global pandemic. Our Advisory Board also volunteered their time to guide the research and offer insights from a variety of disciplines that inform the as- sessment of protest behavior and police response. -
· 00 Kwajalein Hourglass
·00 KWAJALEIN HOURGLASS VOLUME XXIII, NO 207 U S ARMY KWAJALEIN MISSILE RANGE, MARSHALL ISLANDS MONDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1986 Has nfus. Leaders Fast And Pray For Peace Contras Were To Handle Supply Flights By SAMUEL KOO Assoclated Press Wrlter rlcan beads -- agaInst the By ROBERT PARRY church's facade of pInk and Assoclated Press Wrlter carryIng weapons for the U S - ASSISI, Italy -- UnIted In a beIge stones backed rebels was shot down quest for peace, Pope John Paul As thousands of onlookers MANAGUA, Nlcaragua -- Contra over southern NIcaragua on II and leaders of 11 major non applauded, the pontIff arrlved rebels were supposed to handle Oct 5 He IS beIng trIed be ChrIstIan rellglons, from AfrI In a motorcade from nearby thelr own supply fllghts, but fore a speCIal court, and could can anImIsts to Japanese ShIn Perugla and shook hands WIth Amerlcans took over because be sentenced for up to 30 years tOISts, fasted and prayed to the heads of more than 60 dele the Contras dldn't do the Job for hIS role In SupplYIng the gether today gatIons representIng the spec properly, Amerlcan Eugene Has rebels In a gesture of solIdarIty trum of faIths enfus says "In other words, here, we and support, several of the The fIrst to greet the pope "The operatlon was supposed take these aIrcraft down to world's warrIng governments and was the Dalal Lama, the eXIled to be sold to the Contras," Aguacate (a US-bUIlt aIrfIeld Insurgent groups promIsed to BuddhIst god-kIng of TIbet sald Hasenfus, who was captured In Honduras) Here are these observe the pope's -
Queens Today
VolumeVol. 66, No.65, 37No. 207 MONDAY,THURSDAY, FEBRUARY JUNE 4, 10, 2020 2020 50¢ Dr. Berenecea Johnson Eanes ‘We can is the interim QUEENS president of York College. turn toward’ Photo courtesy of York College TODAY Community must unite during this FebruaryJUNE 4, 10, 2020 2020 time of turmoil QUEENS COUNCILMEMBER BOB By Berenecea Johnson Eanes, PhD Holden has called for the National Guard to Special to the Eagle be deployed to New York City, but Mayor Bill Three names are on my mind as I write de Blasio said that would be unnecessary. this with a heavy heart: Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor and George Floyd. “WHEN OUTSIDE ARMED FORCES Three families mourning loved ones go into communities no good comes of it,” de who did not return home. They now join a Blasio said yesterday. “We have seen this for much longer list of Black individuals who decades…They have not been spending de- have been senselessly killed as we yet cades on the relationship between police and again are reminded of the seemingly ines- communities,QUEENS particularly in the intensive way capable presence of racism in its various that it has been worked on in recent years.” forms in our country. These are tragic times, but we do not THE COUNCIL WILL VOTE JUNE 9 have to be limited by these events or in on two police reform bills introduced by the ways we choose to respond to one an- Queens Councilmembers Donovan Richards, other. We must fully center our humanity will have a specific impact on Queens. -
The Origins and Early History of the Dade County Community Relations Board
5 The Origins and Early History of the Dade County Community Relations Board Raymond A. Mohl Now concluding its fifty-second year, the Dade County Community Relations Board has had a fascinating and sometimes controversial histo ry. The CRB idea generally emerged in the postwar era in the context of a national discourse on race, ethnicity, and religion. The Dade County CRB’s founders drew on an important set of ideas known at the time as the “human relations agenda”—ideas developed during World War II and shaped by social science research and conceptualization focused on countering racial prejudice and religious bigotry. In the postwar period, metropolitan Miami experienced a rising level of racial, ethnic, and reli gious strife. Although the nation’s top tourist destination in 1950, the Miami area remained deeply southern in its racial attitudes and political culture. The Ku Klux Kian was riding high in the postwar years. Racial tension, street-level violence, arson, even dynamite bombs marked racial ly changing neighborhoods in the late 1940s and early 1950s, as African Americans began breaking out of the racially zoned areas that had kept them confine since the early years of the twentieth century. The large postwar Jewish migration to Miami from northern cities—8,000 Jews resided in metro Miami in 1940, rising to 140,000 in 1960—triggered overt anti-Semitism in hotels, clubs, housing, and employment, as well synagogues and Hebrew school bombings. Not surprisingly, Miami entered the postwar era with no human relations tradition. However, some Miamians who thought deeply about such things believed in the promise of the human relations agenda to overcome racial conflict and create a new sense of civic unity. -
Caucus Chair Has Big Ideas for Congress
WWW.TRIANGLE TRIBUNE.COM The Triangle Winston-Salem chancellor retires RIBUNE with legacyBy Donna Rogers intact TTHE TRIANGLE’S CHOICE FOR THE BLACK VOICE THE CHRONICLE WINSTON-SALEM – It was a long time coming, but Donald J. Reaves, 68, achieved his desire to be the leader of a historically black VOLUME 16 NO. 24 WEEK OF JANUARY 11, 2015 $1.00 college or university. “I always said that I would like to lead an HBCU,” he said in an interview. His career path took him to opportunities to be high in the chain of command, such as chief financial of- Hillside girls and ficer, but the Winston-Salem State chancellorship allowed him to be a chief executive officer. Jordan boys “This job was kind of the capstone in higher education,” he split Tuesday said, because it called for all of the skills he had developed over several decades. His chancellorship ended on Dec. 31. night in junior Reaves said what he takes the greatest pride in is: “I believe Reaves that our body of work in Winston-Salem over the last seven varsity action. years has resulted in improved perceptions of the institution by virtually every constituency that matters. (Six or seven years ago) “This institution wasn’t held in the highest esteem. We think that we made a lot of progress in that regard. We’ve improved the quality of everything.” Please seeCHANCELLOR/2A WCPSS board discusses strategyBy Latisha Catchatoorian Sickle cell [email protected] CARY – The Wake County Public Schools System Vision trait 2020 strategic plan is still in the works as team members continue to iron out details – right down to the wording of related to certain statements. -
The Florida Historical Quarterly
COVER This building was constructed on the corner of King and Aviles (formerly hos- pital) streets sometime between 1888 and 1893. First named Lynn’s Hotel, then the Algonquin, the Chatauqua in 1910, and later the Bay View. Demolished in 1964, the Florida Heritage House was erected on the site. Now it is a maritime museum. Photograph is from the St. Augustine Historical Society archives. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1990 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. The Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) is published quarterly by the Florida Historical Society, Uni- versity of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, and is printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. Second-class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the Florida Historical Society, P. O. Box 290197, Tampa, FL 33687. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Everett W. Caudle, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Joe M. Richardson Florida State University Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. -
The Florida Historical Quarterly
COVER The Gainesville Graded and High School, completed in 1900, contained twelve classrooms, a principal’s office, and an auditorium. Located on East University Avenue, it was later named in honor of Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith. Photograph from the postcard collection of Dr. Mark V. Barrow, Gainesville. The Historical Quarterly Volume LXVIII, Number April 1990 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1990 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. The Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) is published quarterly by the Florida Historical Society, Uni- versity of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, and is printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. Second-class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the Florida Historical Society, P. O. Box 290197, Tampa, FL 33687. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Everett W. Caudle, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL. ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. -
I'm SO EXCITED 2. T. Britten, S. Shifrin
A 1. A., J., R. Pointer,T. Lawrence- I'M SO EXCITED 2. T. Britten,S. Shifrin - SEE HOW THE LOVE GOES 3. P. Gordon,J. Gruska - ALL OF YOU 4. P. Henderson,M. Bolotin, L. Armour - HEART BEAT B 1. J. Lewis Parker.B. Potter IF YOU WANNA GET BACK YOUR I.ADY 2. Prince - | FEEL FOR YOU 3. A. Roman, M. Garey - HEARTTO HEART 4. P. lticGee - AMERICANMUSIC l-ead vocal: Anita Pointer(41 ,2,B,2,4), June Pointer(A.3, 81 , 2, 3), Ruth Pointer(M,B2l Recording engineen G. Veltri Remlx engineer: B. Schnee Skupina sestier Pointerovfch uznikla v roku 197O.Vtedy e6te ako vok6lne hvarteto sprw6dzali popr€dn6 rockov6 hviezdy. Postupnev5ak WcftAdzaliz tieila s6listiclcfchhviezd, a2 zahli 06inkovaf samostatne. lch n6stup bol poplatnf vtedaissjm6de - brr. nostalgickejvlneplnein6vratov k retru, dfchai0cemu romantickou postwvingwou n6ladou. Boli 6spe5n6. Samostatny vstup na sc6nu populamei hudby sa lydaril. Onedlho Pointer Sisters tspe5ne absolvovali iedno tum6 za druhfm. 7-Aadn! zlom nastal v roku 1927. Uprosfed perspgktlvnej kari6ry za6ali mat sestry pocit umelec-kejstag- nAciea s0bor rozpustili. Po trocfr rokoch sa ziavuj0 movu. Tentoraz v5ak v inej po&bo. Z lsvartetazostalo trio, ktor6 v5etok woi tempera- mont a tecfinicky Wspely vok6lny preiav vsadilo na disoro- ckov0 orient6ciu. Samozrejme,dostatoGne okorenen0 soulo- Wm a rhythm-and-bluesovfm cltentm Eemo5skfcfi interpre- tiek. O pAr mesiacov im Ity5iel prvf singel Fire,z ktor6ho sa 6oskoro predalo ly5e dvocfi mili6nor vfliskov. S podobnfm ohlasomsa stretol aiprw album PointerSisters Energy. lc*r 0spe5n6 (alenie \ro svete popul6mei hudby pokaduie dodnes. Anita, June a Ruth Pointerov6 predstavui0 Wsoky Standard stredn6ho pr0du popul6mei hudby.