62 AUTHOR: ALBERT HERTZOG’S “CALVINIST Weronika Muller1 AFFILIATION: SPEECH” AND THE VERLIG- 1Doctoral student, VERKRAMPSTRYD: THE ORIGINS Department of History, OF THE RIGHT-WING MOVEMENT University of South Africa IN SOUTH AFRICA EMAIL:
[email protected] DOI: https://dx.doi. ABSTRACT org/10.18820/24150509/ SJCH46.v1.4 This article analyses the role Dr Albert Hertzog, an ultra- conservative Afrikaner Nationalist, played in the formation ISSN 0258-2422 (Print) of South Africa’s right-wing movement. It focuses on ISSN 2415-0509 (Online) his “Calvinist speech” of 1969 due to its historical Southern Journal for significance for the unity of the National Party (NP) and as a broad summary of Hertzog’s personal opinion Contemporary History on the politics of South Africa. The speech contrasted 2021 46(1):62-85 liberal English with Calvinistic Afrikaners and concluded that only an Afrikaner true to Calvinistic principles could PUBLISHED: succeed in leading the nation through the perilous times 23 July 2021 they were facing. This opinion was considered offensive to the English population as well as to “enlightened” Nationalists like the Prime Minister, John Vorster. The article will examine how the controversy surrounding the speech precipitated a split in the NP; those expelled formed a right-wing party that failed to gain considerable support. When apartheid was being dismantled in the early 1990s, the movement did not pose a serious threat to the ruling party despite vows that Afrikaners would never surrender their power but rather fight to the bitter end. The failure of these ultra-conservatives originated in the verlig-verkrampstryd of the 1960s, in which Hertzog played a significant role.