Inventory of the Private Collection of WC Du Plessis PV188
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An Ageing Anachronism: D.F. Malan As Prime Minister, 1948–1954
An Ageing Anachronism: D.F. Malan as Prime Minister, 1948–1954 LINDIE KOORTS Department of Historical Studies, University of Johannesburg This article tells the behind-the-scenes tale of the first apartheid Cabinet under Dr D.F. Malan. Based on the utilisation of prominent Nationalists’ private documents, it traces an ageing Malan’s response to a changing international context, the chal- lenge to his leadership by a younger generation of Afrikaner nationalists and the early, haphazard implementation of the apartheid policy. In order to safeguard South Africa against sanctions by an increasingly hostile United Nations, Malan sought America’s friendship by participating in the Korean War and British protection in the Security Council by maintaining South Africa’s Commonwealth membership. In the face of decolonisation, Malan sought to uphold the Commonwealth as the preserve of white-ruled states. This not only caused an outcry in Britain, but it also brought about a backlash within his own party. The National Party’s republican wing, led by J.G. Strijdom, was adamant that South Africa should be a republic outside the Commonwealth. This led to numerous clashes in the Cabinet and parliamentary caucus. Malan and his Cabinet’s energies were consumed by these internecine battles. The systematisation of the apartheid policy and the coordination of its implementation received little attention. Malan’s disengaged leadership style implies that he knew little of the inner workings of the various government departments for which he, as Prime Minister, was ultimately responsible. The Cabinet’s internal disputes about South Africa’s constitutional status and the removal of the Coloured franchise ultimately served as lightning conductors for a larger issue: the battle for the party’s leadership, which came to a head in 1954. -
North Africa, South Africa
North Africa POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS International Relations T -LHE YEAR was marked by greater rapprochement among the coun- tries of North Africa. Old disputes were settled or were on the way to settle- ment, and agreements for cooperation were developed. There was also a general improvement in relations between the countries of North Africa and nations outside the immediate area. However, there was increased anti-Israel activity, primarily on the diplomatic and public-relations fronts. A development of potential importance, but one whose effects could not yet be assessed fully, was the overthrow in September of King Idris of Libya by a group of young officers under strong Egyptian influence. Treaties of solidarity and cooperation were signed between Tunisia and Morocco, in January, and between Algeria and Libya, in February. When President Houari Boumedienne of Algeria visited King Hassan of Morocco to draw up the document, Hassan used the occasion to emphasize the im- portance of unity and regional agreements for the development of the Arab countries and the preservation of their freedom against outside aggression, particularly by Israel. Negotiations for a similar treaty between Algeria and Tunisia began in January, a year behind schedule, but there were difficulties because Tunisia gave asylum to Algerian political refugees and because the Tunisian press charged that there were Soviet bases in Algeria. Not until December was there an announcement that complete agreement had been reached on "all pending questions," apparently including disagreements on the delineation of the frontier. A number of international conferences took place in Algeria and Morocco in 1969. The annual conference of African ministers of labor, meeting in Algiers in March, called for a boycott of cargoes coming from South Africa, Portugal, and Israel, a demand which, however, failed to win the support of several countries from other parts of the continent. -
The Gordian Knot: Apartheid & the Unmaking of the Liberal World Order, 1960-1970
THE GORDIAN KNOT: APARTHEID & THE UNMAKING OF THE LIBERAL WORLD ORDER, 1960-1970 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Ryan Irwin, B.A., M.A. History ***** The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Professor Peter Hahn Professor Robert McMahon Professor Kevin Boyle Professor Martha van Wyk © 2010 by Ryan Irwin All rights reserved. ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the apartheid debate from an international perspective. Positioned at the methodological intersection of intellectual and diplomatic history, it examines how, where, and why African nationalists, Afrikaner nationalists, and American liberals contested South Africa’s place in the global community in the 1960s. It uses this fight to explore the contradictions of international politics in the decade after second-wave decolonization. The apartheid debate was never at the center of global affairs in this period, but it rallied international opinions in ways that attached particular meanings to concepts of development, order, justice, and freedom. As such, the debate about South Africa provides a microcosm of the larger postcolonial moment, exposing the deep-seated differences between politicians and policymakers in the First and Third Worlds, as well as the paradoxical nature of change in the late twentieth century. This dissertation tells three interlocking stories. First, it charts the rise and fall of African nationalism. For a brief yet important moment in the early and mid-1960s, African nationalists felt genuinely that they could remake global norms in Africa’s image and abolish the ideology of white supremacy through U.N. -
TV on the Afrikaans Cinematic Film Industry, C.1976-C.1986
Competing Audio-visual Industries: A business history of the influence of SABC- TV on the Afrikaans cinematic film industry, c.1976-c.1986 by Coenraad Johannes Coetzee Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art and Sciences (History) in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Dr Anton Ehlers December 2017 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za THESIS DECLARATION By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. December 2017 Copyright © 2017 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Historical research frequently requires investigations that have ethical dimensions. Although not to the same extent as in medical experimentation, for example, the social sciences do entail addressing ethical considerations. This research is conducted at the University of Stellenbosch and, as such, must be managed according to the institution’s Framework Policy for the Assurance and Promotion of Ethically Accountable Research at Stellenbosch University. The policy stipulates that all accumulated data must be used for academic purposes exclusively. This study relies on social sources and ensures that the university’s policy on the values and principles of non-maleficence, scientific validity and integrity is followed. All participating oral sources were informed on the objectives of the study, the nature of the interviews (such as the use of a tape recorder) and the relevance of their involvement. -
Historia Volume 26 #2
ll9 JEWISH IMMIGRATION AS AN ISSUE IN SOUTH AFRICAN POLITICS, 1937-39 G.C. Cuthbertson University of So.uth Africa The Aliens Act, 1937 Richard Stuttaford, as Minister of the Interior in the Fusion Cabinet (United Party Government) in 1937, inherited the problem of growing Anti-Semitism which had found sanctuary within the Purified Nationalist Party of Dr D F Malan and had resulted from the influx of Jews from Europe into South Africa in the wake of the repressive racialism of the Nazi Fuehrer, in 1930. Owing to the relatively large im- migration from eastern Europe, mainly of Jews, the Quota Bill was piloted through parliament by Dr D F Malan, Minister of the Interior, at the time. The Bill set a limit to the number of immigrants permitted to enter the Union from eastern Europe, but for the rest, the door remained open. Though the Quota Bill did not specifically men- tionJews, it could not be denied that it was directed against them,l and it was for that reason thatJan Smuts, heading the South African Party, led his reluctant followers in- to opposition against the Bill. The Quota Act achieved its purpose, but when Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933 a new situation developed, and a mass emigration ensued. In these cir- cumstances there was a considerable increase in the number of Jewish immigrants into the Union after 1933. Between 1933 and 1936,9 947 German immigrants entered the Union, and of these, 3 615 were Jews. By 1936 the Jewish community constituted 4,75% of South Africa's European population.2 During the latter half of 1936 there was mounting agitation in the Union for the restriction of Jewish immigration, con- siderably aggravated by anti-Jewish immigration campaigns organised by the Greyshirt movement and the Malanites. -
SOUTHERN/ AFRI a a Monthly Survey of News and Opinion
SOUTHERN/ AFRI A A Monthly Survey of News and Opinion Published by the Southern Africa Committee of the University Christian Movement, Room 752, 475 Riverside Drive, N.Y., N.Y. 10027 ol. IIZ No. 1 January 1970 CONTENTS PAGE 1. Editorial: "A Numbers Game" 2 2. Inside South Africa Trial of 22 Africans Continues 2 Herstigte Nasionale Party (HNP) 3 Dr. Albert Hertzog on Trial 3 Removals, South African Style 4 3. Links Between Tanzania and Zambia Sabotaged 4 4. With the Guerrillas - reprint 5. Inside Rhodesia T.S. Consulate in Rhodesia: Significant or Not? 6 Victims of Fascism 7 A Dose of Medicine to Whites 7 6. United States and South Africa Tires for Apartheid 7 South Africa's Propaganda Outreach 8 7. Liberation Movements Recent Events in FRELI24O 8 Communist vs. non-communist debate 10 uinea-Bissau - some new developments 10 8. *Feature Article: Gulf Oil, Pittsburgh, U.S.A./Portuguese 11 Government, Lisbon 9. Recruiters for Racism 13 10. Cabora Bassa: Portugal and its Allies 114 11. Brief Notes 14 12. South Africa and Defense 13. Sports Ashe Seeks Entry to South Africa Vorster Comments on International Sports New Zealand Rugby Tour Still Uncertain Ai. At the United Nations 15. New Publications and Book Reviews from the eastern end of the lake to the EDTORtAL Namibia-Botswana border. That requires another 1,000 men in camps. And so one "A Numbers Game" can go on along the whole boundary from the Atlantic Ocean to Malawi. For in Angus MacDonald, who has been making a film stance, the Tete Province of Mozambique for Granada Television on anti-Rhodesian has a 220-mile border with Zambia. -
Southafrica'sunholy
EPISCOPAl. CHURCHPEOPLE ior a FREE SOUTHERN AFJ;ICA E 339 L,afayert. StrHt. N.w Yor1<, N.Y. 100'2·2725 C (2'2)477-0066 FAX: (212) 979-1013 S A #139 30 July 1993 In Zululand, a defiant Aaron NdlovU -:-SU_N~D-:-AY;....;'2~5J~U~L'-='199.:..:..;.,.:1 ---.:.THE OBSERVER_ 'I is ready for any conflict to come, writes John Carlin in Empangeni I SouthAfrica'sunholy "MAKE my day" is the un c:omplicated response ofAaron Ndlovu, the ANC boa in Zu· 1u1aDd, to the threats of civil war from his Inbtha neigh alliancehintsatwar bour, Mangosuthu Buthdezi. Back It the headquanen of ............... Congress leaden an trying this ANC. Yet within South Africa the KwaZulu Police Force was the African National Congress Johannesburg weekend to mollify Inkatha and he is increasingly being seen as a headed by a oeconded offICer of in Johannesburg the mood iI the Conservatives and coax man cnnsumed by ambilion and the Nalional Intelligence Ser OBe of near panic It the pt'Ol AS South Mrica enten tbe Iut them bllck inlO tbe negotiating a potential wrecker of the rec vice. Tbe press bas discloeed of 00 its council, which is to begin COlI onciliation accordl bei!1J strueI< that some Inkatha memben peel oi Chief DUWQczi', WD criti<:al fortnight talks DeW interim constitution, it sidering a rant dnLft oi the DeW OelW..cn the govenlInent and reaived ...,.,rrilla trainin& AI a aervltive Zulu supponen suddenly faces a tbrat of rebel constitution tomorrow. the ANC. Mter years of ban aecret base in Namibia. -
Professional Historians and Political Biography of South African Parliamentary Politics, 1910-1990
“THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE UGLY”: PROFESSIONAL HISTORIANS AND POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY POLITICS, 1910-1990 FA Mouton1 Abstract Biography strengthens the historian’s attempts to decipher the behaviour of individuals and also provides a historical window on a certain era, contributing to our knowledge and understanding of the past. Biographical studies of those who were involved in parliamentary politics between 1910 and 1990, the prime ministers, presidents, cabinet ministers, party leaders, humble backbenchers and unsuccessful parliamentary candidates can help to explain why the white minority, after decades of acquiescing the abuse of South Africa’s limited democratic tradition, decided to peacefully surrender its political power. And yet, despite the proven value of political biography in the United States and Britain, the library shelves of South African universities are bare of biographies on pre-1990 parliamentary politicians by professional historians. This article explains the reasons for this dearth of biographies, as well as the reasons why it is essential for professional historians to write them and concludes with a recommendation on how such biographies should be written. 1. INTRODUCTION By deciphering the behaviour of individuals, providing in the process a historical window on societies of the past, the historian as biographer plays a crucial role to convey knowledge and understanding of our history to the reading public. Biographical studies of the lives and careers of parliamentary politicians between 1910 and 1990 are for example essential to comprehend South African history in the twentieth century. And yet, despite the internationally proven value of biography, the library shelves of South African universities are bare of biographies by professional historians on pre-1990 parliamentary history. -
Indicator Vol 6.3.Pdf
Barclays National Bank Limited • Registered Bank INSTITUTE OF - 2 AUG 1989 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES LIBRARY For David Paulsen,, the line between life and death is as wide as the sky. Whatever medical treatment he needs, he will get. In the intensive care unit of a specially equipped helicopter. Tended by the skilful hands of a highly qualified Red Cross sister, fully instructed in emergency care. On to the nearest hospital and, if medically possible, the road to complete recovery. There's a thin line between life and death. Some dedicated people at First National Bank were quick to see a way of helping to widen this delicate margin. With their colleagues at Capital Radio, they saw a way to help save human lives, beyond monitoring their movements on the roads. In the outlying valleys and hills of Natal and Kwazulu. Where the lack of proper attention, or a thwarted race against time, could have tragic consequences. Nurtured by the generous assistance of The Red Cross and the Natal Provincial Ambulance Services, the 'life line in the sky' has grown from an embryo to full fruition. To accident victims or the critically ill, it has become a symbol of mercy and hope, embodying those qualities we believe are essential in a changing nation's values. Strength. Warmth. Shelter. Life. We care. Because we all belong. BARKER McCORMAC 5852/4 £~3he INDICATOR SOUTH AFRICA Quarterly Report and the INDICATOR SOUTH AFRICA Issue Focus | series are published by the Centre for Social and Development Studies, based at the University of Natal, Durban. •J Opinions expressed in these publications are not necessarily those of the Editorial Committee and should not be taken to represent the policies of companies or organisations which are donor members of the Indicator Project South Africa. -
M************************************************W*************** Reproductions Supplied by EDRS Are the Best That Can Be Made from the Original Document
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 344 578 IR 015 527 AUTHOR Prinsloo, Jeanne, Ed.; Criticos, Costes, Ed. TITLE Media Matters in South Africa. Selected Papers Presented at the Conference on Developing Media Education in the 1990s (Durban, South Africa, September 11-13, 1990). INSTITUTION Natal Univ., Durban (South Africa). Media Resource Centre. REPORT NO ISBN-0-86980-802-8 PUB DATE 91 NOTE 296p. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC12 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Educational Television; Elementary Secondary Education; Film Study; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Instructional Films; *Instructional Materials; Mass Media Role; Media Research; *Media Selection; Teacher Education; Visual Literacy IDENTIFIERS *Media Education; *South Africa ABSTRACT This report contains a selection of contributed papers and presentations from a conference attended by 270 educators and media workers committed to formulate a vision for media education in South Africa. Pointing out that media education has been variously described in South Africa as visual literacy, mass media studies, teleliteracy, and film studies, or as dealing with educational technology or educational media, the introduction cites a definition of media education as an exploration of contemporary culture alongside more traditional literary texts. It is noted that this definition raises issues for education as a whole, for traditional language study, for media, for communication, and for u0erstanding the world. The 37 selected papers in this collection are presented in seven categories: (1) Why Media Education? (keynote paper by Bob Ferguson); (2) Matters Educational (10 papers on media education and visual literacy); (3) Working Out How Media Works (4 papers on film studies, film technology, and theory); (4) Creating New Possibilities for Media Awareness (9 papers on film and television and 4 on print media);(5) Training and Empowering (2 papers focusing on teachers and 4 focusing on training producers); (6) Media Developing Media Awareness (2 papers); and (7) Afterthoughts (I paper). -
Albert Hertzog's “Calvinist Speech” and the Verlig
62 AUTHOR: ALBERT HERTZOG’S “CALVINIST Weronika Muller1 AFFILIATION: SPEECH” AND THE VERLIG- 1Doctoral student, VERKRAMPSTRYD: THE ORIGINS Department of History, OF THE RIGHT-WING MOVEMENT University of South Africa IN SOUTH AFRICA EMAIL: [email protected] DOI: https://dx.doi. ABSTRACT org/10.18820/24150509/ SJCH46.v1.4 This article analyses the role Dr Albert Hertzog, an ultra- conservative Afrikaner Nationalist, played in the formation ISSN 0258-2422 (Print) of South Africa’s right-wing movement. It focuses on ISSN 2415-0509 (Online) his “Calvinist speech” of 1969 due to its historical Southern Journal for significance for the unity of the National Party (NP) and as a broad summary of Hertzog’s personal opinion Contemporary History on the politics of South Africa. The speech contrasted 2021 46(1):62-85 liberal English with Calvinistic Afrikaners and concluded that only an Afrikaner true to Calvinistic principles could PUBLISHED: succeed in leading the nation through the perilous times 23 July 2021 they were facing. This opinion was considered offensive to the English population as well as to “enlightened” Nationalists like the Prime Minister, John Vorster. The article will examine how the controversy surrounding the speech precipitated a split in the NP; those expelled formed a right-wing party that failed to gain considerable support. When apartheid was being dismantled in the early 1990s, the movement did not pose a serious threat to the ruling party despite vows that Afrikaners would never surrender their power but rather fight to the bitter end. The failure of these ultra-conservatives originated in the verlig-verkrampstryd of the 1960s, in which Hertzog played a significant role. -
Ben Marais (1909-1999)
University of Pretoria etd – Maritz, P J (2003) BEN MARAIS (1909-1999): THE INFLUENCES ON AND HERITAGE OF A SOUTH AFRICAN PROPHET DURING TWO PERIODS OF TRANSFORMATION by PETRUS JACOBUS MARITZ Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR DIVINITATIS in the Faculty of Theology University of Pretoria Promoter: Prof. J.W. Hofmeyr September 2003 University of Pretoria etd – Maritz, P J (2003) SUMMARY Ben Marais (1909-1999): The Influences on and Heritage of a South African Prophet during Two Periods of Transformation by Petrus J. Maritz Degree: Doctor Divinitatis Subject: Church History Promoter: Prof. J.W. Hofmeyr This thesis in Church History presents a biographic study on the life of Ben Marais against the political and ecclesiastic background of South Africa of the 20th century. The significance of Ben Marais’ life is approached through his correspondence with the secretaries of the World Council of Churches during the 1960s and 1970s. The letters, pertaining to the World Council of Churches financial and moral support for the organisations fighting against Apartheid, reflect on Ben Marais’ involvement with the World Council and his particular concerns. Through a study on the life of Ben Marais insight can be gained into the thinking of the leadership of the NG Kerk. The study presents Ben Marais as a prophet who challenged the then popular tendencies in the NG Kerk theology on policy justification and on the relation between religion and nationalism. The central question in this study asks, what led an ordinary