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Inflation, Large Branes, and the Shape of Space
Inflation, Large Branes, and the Shape of Space Brett McInnes National University of Singapore email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Linde has recently argued that compact flat or negatively curved spatial sections should, in many circumstances, be considered typical in Inflationary cosmologies. We suggest that the “large brane instability” of Seiberg and Witten eliminates the negative candidates in the context of string theory. That leaves the flat, compact, three-dimensional manifolds — Conway’s platycosms. We show that deep theorems of Schoen, Yau, Gromov and Lawson imply that, even in this case, Seiberg-Witten instability can be avoided only with difficulty. Using a specific cosmological model of the Maldacena-Maoz type, we explain how to do this, and we also show how the list of platycosmic candidates can be reduced to three. This leads to an extension of the basic idea: the conformal compactification of the entire Euclidean spacetime also has the topology of a flat, compact, four-dimensional space. arXiv:hep-th/0410115v2 19 Oct 2004 1. Nearly Flat or Really Flat? Linde has recently argued [1] that, at least in some circumstances, we should regard cosmological models with flat or negatively curved compact spatial sections as the norm from an Inflationary point of view. Here we wish to argue that cosmic holography, in the novel form proposed by Maldacena and Maoz [2], gives a deep new interpretation of this idea, and also sharpens it very considerably to exclude the negative case. This focuses our attention on cosmological models with flat, compact spatial sections. Current observations [3] show that the spatial sections of our Universe [as defined by observers for whom local isotropy obtains] are fairly close to being flat: the total density parameter Ω satisfies Ω = 1.02 0.02 at 95% confidence level, if we allow the imposition ± of a reasonable prior [4] on the Hubble parameter. -
Eternal Inflation and Its Implications
IOP PUBLISHING JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A: MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 (2007) 6811–6826 doi:10.1088/1751-8113/40/25/S25 Eternal inflation and its implications Alan H Guth Center for Theoretical Physics, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA E-mail: [email protected] Received 8 February 2006 Published 6 June 2007 Online at stacks.iop.org/JPhysA/40/6811 Abstract Isummarizetheargumentsthatstronglysuggestthatouruniverseisthe product of inflation. The mechanisms that lead to eternal inflation in both new and chaotic models are described. Although the infinity of pocket universes produced by eternal inflation are unobservable, it is argued that eternal inflation has real consequences in terms of the way that predictions are extracted from theoretical models. The ambiguities in defining probabilities in eternally inflating spacetimes are reviewed, with emphasis on the youngness paradox that results from a synchronous gauge regularization technique. Although inflation is generically eternal into the future, it is not eternal into the past: it can be proven under reasonable assumptions that the inflating region must be incomplete in past directions, so some physics other than inflation is needed to describe the past boundary of the inflating region. PACS numbers: 98.80.cQ, 98.80.Bp, 98.80.Es 1. Introduction: the successes of inflation Since the proposal of the inflationary model some 25 years ago [1–4], inflation has been remarkably successful in explaining many important qualitative and quantitative properties of the universe. In this paper, I will summarize the key successes, and then discuss a number of issues associated with the eternal nature of inflation. -
Coe Courier Summer 2019
- SUMMER 2019 - CONTENTS VOL. 119 I NO. 1 SUMMER 2019 FEATURES 08 14 21 24 Commencement 2019 Heroine of physics headlines Showcasing the value of Asia Term through the lens of 16th annual Contemporary community-campus bonds Kohawk brothers Drew '21 and Issues Forum. at the Community-Campus Grant Gordon '19. 12 Partnership Showcase. Kohawks discover history of Ancient Greece at 18 Lechaion Harbor. A special thank you to a few 22 of our retiring faculty. You left Alumni show students what is your mark on Coe. possible in Kansas City. DEPARTMENTS COVER A group of students explored Union Station 04 28 in Kansas City during the 06 Spring Break Externship. CAMPUS BRIEFS SPORTS SHORTS CLASS NOTES 2 I www.coe.edu WWW.COE.EDU LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT COURIER The Class of 2019 has rung the Victory Bell, and another - SUMMER 2019 - exceptional academic year has come to a close, marked by outstanding achievements across the board. A Coe student earned a Truman Scholarship for the second year in a row, Senior Graphic Designer and two more Kohawks joined the growing list of Fulbright Melissa Kronlage award recipients. The college once again was named on Graphic Designer The Princeton Review's Top 25 Best Schools for Internships Marc Valenta list, rising eight spots in the rankings from 2018 to claim the No. 15 position. And after a rigorous process in the fall, Coe once again has earned full Content Development Writer reaccreditation from the Higher Learning Commission, securing the college's Amanda Proper status for the next 10 years. -
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NP8 Form 10-800 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rtv.»-M) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. Name of Property historic name: Ladd Observatory other name/site number: 2. Location street & number: 210 Dovle Avenue (corner of Hope Street)_________________ not for publication: N/A city/town: Providence_______ vicinity: N/A state: RI county: Providence code: 007 zip code: 02906 3. Classification Ownership of Property: Private_______ Category of Property: Building___ Number of Resources within Property: Contributing Noncontributing 1 ____ buildings structures objects Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register: 0 Name of related multiple property listing: N/A________________ USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form Page 2 Property name Ladd Observatory. Providence County, Rhode Island 4. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR/fart 60. In my opinion, the property X meets __ does not meet the National Register Criteria. __ See continuation sheet. Signature of certifying official ate meets __ does not meet the National Register criteria. See continuation sheet. Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register ____ See continuation sheet other (explain): Signature of Keeper 6. -
View Print Program (Pdf)
PROGRAM November 3 - 5, 2016 Hosted by Sigma Pi Sigma, the physics honor society 2016 Quadrennial Physics Congress (PhysCon) 1 31 Our students are creating the future. They have big, bold ideas and they come to Florida Polytechnic University looking for ways to make their visions a reality. Are you the next? When you come to Florida Poly, you’ll be welcomed by students and 3D faculty who share your passion for pushing the boundaries of science, PRINTERS technology, engineering and math (STEM). Florida’s newest state university offers small classes and professors who work side-by-side with students on real-world projects in some of the most advanced technology labs available, so the possibilities are endless. FLPOLY.ORG 2 2016 Quadrennial Physics Congress (PhysCon) Contents Welcome ........................................................................................................................... 4 Unifying Fields: Science Driving Innovation .......................................................................... 7 Daily Schedules ............................................................................................................. 9-11 PhysCon Sponsors .............................................................................................................12 Planning Committee & Staff ................................................................................................13 About the Society of Physics Students and Sigma Pi Sigma ���������������������������������������������������13 Previous Sigma Pi Sigma -
Here He Learned American Culture and the English Language
COMMENCEMENT GUILFORD COLLEGE May 15, 2021 9:00 AM One Hundred Eighty Fourth Year GUILFORD COLLEGE COMMENCEMENT Saturday, May 15, 2021 One Hundred Eighty Fourth Year Prelude .......................................................................... Guilford College Jazz Ensembles Invocation .......................................................................................... C. Wess Daniels William R. Rogers Director of Friends Center & Quaker Studies Welcome ..................................................................................... James (Jim) Hood ’79 Interim President Presentation of the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award for Student & Community Recipients ... James Hood ’79 Speaker for the Class ...................................................................... Hsar “Ree Ree” Wei ’21 Presentation of Honorary Degree ................................................................ James Hood ’79 Dr. Jocelyn Bell Burnell H’21 Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa Introduction of the Speaker ...................................................................... James Hood ’79 Take Steps into the Unknown ...................................................... Dr. Jocelyn Bell Burnell H’21 Chancellor, University of Dundee; Visiting Academic & Professorial Fellow, Mansfield College, University of Oxford On Children ................................................................................ Guilford College Choir by Ysaye M. Barnwell Led by Wendy Looker, Professor of Music Recognition of Honor Graduates .................................................................. -
[email protected] FST Journal Publishes Summaries of All the Talks Given at Its Meetings
journal The Journal of The Foundation for Science and Technology fstVolume 22 Number 2 March 2018 www.foundation.org.uk Editorial Sir David Cannadine: The role of the Academies in providing independent advice to Government An industrial strategy for the UK Lord Hennessy: Searching for a strategy that makes a difference Lord Heseltine: Establishing a strategy for the whole economy Lord Willetts: A tension at the heart of Government activity A business strategy for Scotland Professor Iain Gray: Translating research excellence into economic benefit Nora Senior: Plugging gaps in performance Dame Susan Rice: An ecosystem for business Paul Wheelhouse: Driving innovation Meeting air quality targets Dr Stephen Bryce: The energy emissions challenge Professor Frank Kelly: The health consequences of air pollution Diagnosing cancer earlier Sir Harpal Kumar: Early diagnosis has the potential to transform patient outcomes Dr Clare Turnbull: Using genetics to combat cancer The rise of machine learning Dr Mike Lynch: An opportunity or a threat to society? Dr Claire Craig: Giving society the confidence to embrace opportunities Amir Saffari: The potential to augment human efforts Dame Wendy Hall: The opportunities for the UK Comment Norman Lamb: The future of social care Obituary The Rt Hon Sir Brian Neill COUNCIL AND TRUSTEES COUNCIL CHIEF EXECUTIVE Chair Dr Dougal Goodman OBE FREng The Earl of Selborne* GBE FRS Deputy Chairs The Baroness O’Neill of Bengarve* CH CBE FBA FRS FMedSci Dr Mike Lynch* OBE FRS FREng DL President, The Royal Society Professor -
2012-2013 Chair James Rosenzweig
Department of Physics Astronomy ANNUAL REPORT 2013 219728_AnnualReport.indd 1 11/18/13 4:02 PM UCLA Physics and Astronomy Department 2012-2013 Chair James Rosenzweig Chief Administrative Officer Will Spencer Feature Article Eric Hudson Editorial Assistants Corinna Koehnenkamp, D.L. MacLaughlan-Dumes, Laurie Ultan-Thomas Design Mary Jo Robertson © 2013 by the Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Requests for additional copies of the publication UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy 2012-2013 Annual Report may be sent to: Office of the Chair UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy 430 Portola Plaza Box 951547 Los Angeles California 90095-1547 For more information on the Department see our website: http://www.pa.ucla.edu/ UCLA DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY 219728_AnnualReport.indd 2 11/18/13 4:02 PM Department of Physics Astronomy& 2013 Annual Report UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES 219728_AnnualReport.indd 3 11/18/13 4:02 PM CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLE: P.7 “Harnessing quantum interactions for the future of science and technology” GIVING TO THE DEPARTMENT P.15 UCLA ALUMNI P.18 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS P.19 ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS P.31 PHYSICS RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS P.37 PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY FACULTY/RESEARCHERS P.60 DEPARTMENT NEWS P.61 OUTREACH-ASTRONOMY LIVE P. 64 GRADUATION 2012-13 P.66 219728_AnnualReport.indd 4 11/18/13 4:02 PM Message from the Chair As Chair of the UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, it is with pride that I present to you our 2013 Annual Report. This document is intended to give an overview of the departmental accomplishments recorded in the last year, extending from recog- nition of faculty excellence in teaching and research, to the welcoming of new members to our ranks. -
Neutron Stars
Neutron Stars and their importance in the general scheme of physics J.R.Stone Oxford/Tennessee/Oak Ridge OUTLINE: I. Compact objects: white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes Collapse of massive stars Pulsars II. Cooling of proto-neutron stars and formaon of microscopic make-up of the star. Possible exoc stars III. Theorecal models of neutron stars and their impact in the general context of physics. Type II supernovae core collapse: forms a neutron star or a black hole. A BIT OF HISTORY: 1931: Collapse of red giants and white dwarfs are known. White dwarfs (1910 – Henry Norris Russel, named 1922 Willem Luyten): When red giants consume all their accessible fuel, the cores of the stars shrink to a very hot very dense object – not a star in technical sense: Mass ~ 1 solar mass , radius ~ 7000 km Energy comes from gravitaonal contracSon Radiaon comes from emission of stored heat (not fusion reacSons) Example: Sirius B (Hubble image) Material Density in kg/m3 Notes Water (fresh) 1,000 At STP Osmium 22,610 Near room temperature The core of the Sun ~150,000 White dwarf star 1 × 109 Atomic nuclei 2.3 × 1017 Neutron star core 8.4 × 1016 − 1 × 1018 Black hole 2 × 1030 CriScal density of an Earth-mass black hole Final stage of stars which are not very massive (over 97% of stars of our Galaxy): I. Hydrogen-fusing (main-sequence star of low or medium mass below 9-10 solar masses) II. Helium fusing to carbon and oxygen red giant in the core by the triple alpha process III. -
Reversed out (White) Reversed
Berkeley rev.( white) Berkeley rev.( FALL 2014 reversed out (white) reversed IN THIS ISSUE Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women into Physics ALUMNI NEWS AND MORE! Cover: The MAVEN satellite mission uses instrumentation developed at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory to explore the physics behind the loss of the Martian atmosphere. It’s a continuation of Berkeley astrophysicist Robert Lin’s pioneering work in solar physics. See p 7. photo credit: Lockheed Martin Physics at Berkeley 2014 Published annually by the Department of Physics Steven Boggs: Chair Anil More: Director of Administration Maria Hjelm: Director of Development, College of Letters and Science Devi Mathieu: Editor, Principal Writer Meg Coughlin: Design Additional assistance provided by Sarah Wittmer, Sylvie Mehner and Susan Houghton Department of Physics 366 LeConte Hall #7300 University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 Copyright 2014 by The Regents of the University of California FEATURES 4 12 18 Berkeley’s Space Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women Sciences Laboratory BERKELEY THEORISTS INVENT into Physics NEW WAYS TO SEARCH FOR GOING ON SIX DECADES UC BERKELEY HOSTS THE 2014 NEW PHYSICS OF EDUCATION AND SPACE WEST COAST CONFERENCE EXPLORATION Berkeley theoretical physicists Ashvin FOR UNDERGRADUATE WOMEN Vishwanath and Surjeet Rajendran IN PHYSICS Since the Space Lab’s inception are developing new, small-scale in 1959, Berkeley physicists have Women physics students from low-energy approaches to questions played important roles in many California, Oregon, Washington, usually associated with large-scale of the nation’s space-based scientific Alaska, and Hawaii gathered on high-energy particle experiments. -
Lick Observatory Records: Photographs UA.036.Ser.07
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c81z4932 Online items available Lick Observatory Records: Photographs UA.036.Ser.07 Kate Dundon, Alix Norton, Maureen Carey, Christine Turk, Alex Moore University of California, Santa Cruz 2016 1156 High Street Santa Cruz 95064 [email protected] URL: http://guides.library.ucsc.edu/speccoll Lick Observatory Records: UA.036.Ser.07 1 Photographs UA.036.Ser.07 Contributing Institution: University of California, Santa Cruz Title: Lick Observatory Records: Photographs Creator: Lick Observatory Identifier/Call Number: UA.036.Ser.07 Physical Description: 101.62 Linear Feet127 boxes Date (inclusive): circa 1870-2002 Language of Material: English . https://n2t.net/ark:/38305/f19c6wg4 Conditions Governing Access Collection is open for research. Conditions Governing Use Property rights for this collection reside with the University of California. Literary rights, including copyright, are retained by the creators and their heirs. The publication or use of any work protected by copyright beyond that allowed by fair use for research or educational purposes requires written permission from the copyright owner. Responsibility for obtaining permissions, and for any use rests exclusively with the user. Preferred Citation Lick Observatory Records: Photographs. UA36 Ser.7. Special Collections and Archives, University Library, University of California, Santa Cruz. Alternative Format Available Images from this collection are available through UCSC Library Digital Collections. Historical note These photographs were produced or collected by Lick observatory staff and faculty, as well as UCSC Library personnel. Many of the early photographs of the major instruments and Observatory buildings were taken by Henry E. Matthews, who served as secretary to the Lick Trust during the planning and construction of the Observatory. -
Our Cosmic Origins
Chapter 5 Our cosmic origins “In the beginning, the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and has been widely regarded as a bad move”. Douglas Adams, in The Restaurant at the End of the Universe “Oh no: he’s falling asleep!” It’s 1997, I’m giving a talk at Tufts University, and the legendary Alan Guth has come over from MIT to listen. I’d never met him before, and having such a luminary in the audience made me feel both honored and nervous. Especially nervous. Especially when his head started slumping toward his chest, and his gaze began going blank. In an act of des- peration, I tried speaking more enthusiastically and shifting my tone of voice. He jolted back up a few times, but soon my fiasco was complete: he was o↵in dreamland, and didn’t return until my talk was over. I felt deflated. Only much later, when we became MIT colleagues, did I realize that Alan falls asleep during all talks (except his own). In fact, my grad student Adrian Liu pointed out that I’ve started doing the same myself. And that I’ve never noticed that he does too because we always go in the same order. If Alan, I and Adrian sit next to each other in that order, we’ll infallibly replicate a somnolent version of “the wave” that’s so popular with soccer spectators. I’ve come to really like Alan, who’s as warm as he’s smart. Tidiness isn’t his forte, however: the first time I visited his office, I found most of the floor covered with a thick layer of unopened mail.