Higgs Inflation
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Measurement of Associated Z+Charm Production and Search for W' Bosons in the CMS Experimented at the LHC
UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear TESIS DOCTORAL Measurement of associated Z+charm production and search for W' bosons in the CMS experimented at the LHC Medida de la producción asociada de Z+charm y búsqueda de bosones W' en el experimento CMS del LHC MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR Alberto Escalante del Valle Director Juan Alcaraz Maestre Madrid, 2017 ©Alberto Escalante del Valle, 2017 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ENERGETICAS´ MEDIOAMBIENTALES Y TECNOLOGICAS´ Measurement of associated Z+charm production and Search for W0 bosons in the CMS experiment at the LHC by Alberto Escalante del Valle A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Universidad Complutense de Madrid Facultad de Ciencias F´ısicas Departamento de F´ısicaAt´omica,Molecular y Nuclear Supervised by: Dr. Juan Alcaraz Maestre Dr. Juan Pablo Fern´andezRamos Madrid February 2017 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ENERGETICAS´ MEDIOAMBIENTALES Y TECNOLOGICAS´ Medida de la producci´onasociada de Z+charm y B´usquedade bosones W0 en el experimento CMS del LHC por Alberto Escalante del Valle Memoria de la tesis presentada para optar al grado de Doctor en Filosof´ıa en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid Facultad de Ciencias F´ısicas Departamento de F´ısicaAt´omica,Molecular y Nuclear Supervisado por: Dr. Juan Alcaraz Maestre Dr. Juan Pablo Fern´andezRamos Madrid Febrero 2017 Abstract Measurement of associated Z+charm production and Search for W0 bosons in the CMS experiment at the LHC by Alberto Escalante del Valle Do we understand how elementary particles interact with each other? Are we able to predict the result of the collisions of these elementary particles at the LHC? The objective of this thesis is to investigate the validity of our current theoretical model, the Standard Model of particle physics, to explain the production of two low rate processes in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. -
Jhep06(2019)110
Published for SISSA by Springer Received: February 22, 2019 Revised: June 3, 2019 Accepted: June 10, 2019 Published: June 20, 2019 Coset cosmology JHEP06(2019)110 Luca Di Luzio,a;b Michele Redi,c Alessandro Strumiaa and Daniele Teresia;b aDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`adi Pisa, Largo Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy bINFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy cINFN Sezione di Firenze, Via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We show that the potential of Nambu-Goldstone bosons can have two or more local minima e.g. at antipodal positions in the vacuum manifold. This happens in many models of composite Higgs and of composite Dark Matter. Trigonometric potentials lead to unusual features, such as symmetry non-restoration at high temperature. In some mod- els, such as the minimal SO(5)=SO(4) composite Higgs with fermions in the fundamental representation, the two minima are degenerate giving cosmological domain-wall problems. Otherwise, an unusual cosmology arises, that can lead to supermassive primordial black holes; to vacuum or thermal decays; to a high-temperature phase of broken SU(2)L, pos- sibly interesting for baryogenesis. Keywords: Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM, Global Symmetries, Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking, Technicolor and Composite Models ArXiv ePrint: 1902.05933 Open Access, c The Authors. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2019)110 Article funded by SCOAP3. Contents -
Inflation, Large Branes, and the Shape of Space
Inflation, Large Branes, and the Shape of Space Brett McInnes National University of Singapore email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Linde has recently argued that compact flat or negatively curved spatial sections should, in many circumstances, be considered typical in Inflationary cosmologies. We suggest that the “large brane instability” of Seiberg and Witten eliminates the negative candidates in the context of string theory. That leaves the flat, compact, three-dimensional manifolds — Conway’s platycosms. We show that deep theorems of Schoen, Yau, Gromov and Lawson imply that, even in this case, Seiberg-Witten instability can be avoided only with difficulty. Using a specific cosmological model of the Maldacena-Maoz type, we explain how to do this, and we also show how the list of platycosmic candidates can be reduced to three. This leads to an extension of the basic idea: the conformal compactification of the entire Euclidean spacetime also has the topology of a flat, compact, four-dimensional space. arXiv:hep-th/0410115v2 19 Oct 2004 1. Nearly Flat or Really Flat? Linde has recently argued [1] that, at least in some circumstances, we should regard cosmological models with flat or negatively curved compact spatial sections as the norm from an Inflationary point of view. Here we wish to argue that cosmic holography, in the novel form proposed by Maldacena and Maoz [2], gives a deep new interpretation of this idea, and also sharpens it very considerably to exclude the negative case. This focuses our attention on cosmological models with flat, compact spatial sections. Current observations [3] show that the spatial sections of our Universe [as defined by observers for whom local isotropy obtains] are fairly close to being flat: the total density parameter Ω satisfies Ω = 1.02 0.02 at 95% confidence level, if we allow the imposition ± of a reasonable prior [4] on the Hubble parameter. -
Eternal Inflation and Its Implications
IOP PUBLISHING JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A: MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 (2007) 6811–6826 doi:10.1088/1751-8113/40/25/S25 Eternal inflation and its implications Alan H Guth Center for Theoretical Physics, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA E-mail: [email protected] Received 8 February 2006 Published 6 June 2007 Online at stacks.iop.org/JPhysA/40/6811 Abstract Isummarizetheargumentsthatstronglysuggestthatouruniverseisthe product of inflation. The mechanisms that lead to eternal inflation in both new and chaotic models are described. Although the infinity of pocket universes produced by eternal inflation are unobservable, it is argued that eternal inflation has real consequences in terms of the way that predictions are extracted from theoretical models. The ambiguities in defining probabilities in eternally inflating spacetimes are reviewed, with emphasis on the youngness paradox that results from a synchronous gauge regularization technique. Although inflation is generically eternal into the future, it is not eternal into the past: it can be proven under reasonable assumptions that the inflating region must be incomplete in past directions, so some physics other than inflation is needed to describe the past boundary of the inflating region. PACS numbers: 98.80.cQ, 98.80.Bp, 98.80.Es 1. Introduction: the successes of inflation Since the proposal of the inflationary model some 25 years ago [1–4], inflation has been remarkably successful in explaining many important qualitative and quantitative properties of the universe. In this paper, I will summarize the key successes, and then discuss a number of issues associated with the eternal nature of inflation. -
Phenomenological Implications of Neutrinos in Extra Dimensions
October 27, 2018 CERN-TH/2001–184 hep-ph/0107156 IFUP–TH/18–2001 Phenomenological implications of neutrinos in extra dimensions Andr´ede Gouvˆea, Gian Francesco Giudice, Alessandro Strumia∗, and Kazuhiro Tobe Theoretical Physics Division, CERN, CH-1211, Gen`eve 23, Switzerland Abstract Standard Model singlet neutrinos propagating in extra dimensions induce small Dirac neutrino masses. While it seems rather unlikely that their Kaluza-Klein excitations directly participate in the observed neutrino oscillations, their virtual exchange may lead to detectable signatures in future neutrino experiments and in rare charged lepton processes. We show how these effects can be described by specific dimension-six effective operators and discuss their experimental signals. 1 Introduction The hypothesis that Standard Model (SM) singlet fields propagate in extra dimensions leads to striking arXiv:hep-ph/0107156v2 1 Nov 2001 results. When applied to the graviton, it allows to lower the quantum gravity scale down to few TeV [1, 2], suggesting a new scenario for addressing the Higgs mass hierarchy problem. It is also natural to consider the case of “right-handed neutrinos” (i.e., fermions without SM gauge interactions) propagating in extra dimensions. The smallness of the neutrino masses, of the Dirac type, could in fact be a manifestation of this hypothesis [3, 4, 5, 6]. If the radius of the compactified dimensions is very large, R > eV−1, Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of right-handed neutrinos would significantly participate in neutrino∼ oscillations. However, KK interpreta- tions of the atmospheric and solar neutrino puzzles are disfavoured by the following arguments: A KK tower of sterile neutrinos gives rise to active/sterile oscillations at a small ∆m2 1/R2 • ∼ only in the case of a single large extra dimension. -
Who Is the Inflaton ?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Who is the Inflaton ? brought to you by CORE provided by CERN Document Server R. Brout Service de Physique Th´eorique, Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles, CP 225, Bvd. du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, (email: [email protected]). It is proposed that the inflaton field is proportional to the fluctuation of the number density of degrees of freedom of the fields of particle physics. These possess cut-off momenta at O (mP lanck), but this fluctuates since the fields propagate in an underlying space-time transplanckian substratum. If the latter is modeled as an instanton fluid in the manner of Hawking's space-time foam, then this identification, in the rough, is equivalent to the inflaton being the fluctuation of the spatial density of instantons. This interpretation is suggested by Volovik's analogy between space-time and the superfluid. (However, unlike for the latter, one cannot argue from the analogy that the cosmological constant vanishes). In our interpretation Linde's phenomenology of inflation takes on added luster in this way to look at things, since inflation and particle production follow quite naturally from familiar physical concepts operating on a "cisplanckian" level. I. INTRODUCTION In his lectures on cosmology at Erice 1999, Professor E. Kolb in extolling the virtues of the inflaton scenario of inflation closed his inspiring lesson with the resounding question : "Who is the inflaton ?" In the foregoing I shall hazard an answer. My intention, in the present paper, is to introduce more a theoretical framework of conjectural character than any quantitative realization. -
Supersymmetry and Inflation
Supersymmetry and Inflation Sergio FERRARA (CERN – LNF INFN) July 14 , 2015 Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, MG14 University of Rome “La Sapienza”, July 12-18 2015 S. Ferrara - MG14, U. Rome "La Sapienza" 1 July 2015 Contents 1. Single field inflation and Supergravity embedding 2. Inflation and Supersymmetry breaking 3. Minimal models for inflation: a. One chiral multiplet (sgoldstino inflation) b. Two chiral multiplets: T (inflaton), S (sgoldstino) 4. R + R2 Supergravity 5. Nilpotent inflation (sgoldstino-less models) 6. Models with two Supersymmetry breaking scales S. Ferrara - MG14, U. Rome "La Sapienza" July 2015 2 We describe approaches to inflaton dynamics based on Supergravity, the combination of Supersymmetry with General Relativity (GR). Nowadays it is well established that inflationary Cosmology is accurately explained studying the evolution of a single real scalar field, the inflaton, in a Friedmann, Lemaître, Robertson, Walker geometry. A fundamental scalar field, which described the Higgs particle, was also recently discovered at LHC, confirming the interpretation of the Standard Model as a spontaneously broken phase (BEH mechanism) of a non-abelian Yang-Mills theory (Brout, Englert, Higgs, 1964). S. Ferrara - MG14, U. Rome "La Sapienza" July 2015 3 There is then some evidence that Nature is inclined to favor, both in Cosmology and in Particle Physics, theories which use scalar degrees of freedom, even if in diverse ranges of energy scales. Interestingly, there is a cosmological model where the two degrees of freedom, inflaton and Higgs, are identified, the Higgs inflation model (Bezrukov, Shaposhnikov, 2008), where a non-minimal coupling 2 h R of the Higgs field h to gravity is introduced. -
Arxiv:2107.01683V1 [Hep-Ph] 4 Jul 2021 Ai Prxmto Nte2 Oe Hog H Higgs-Dilat the field
Communications in Physics, Vol. 0, No. 0 (0), pp. 1-15 CONSTRAINT ON THE HIGGS-DILATON POTENTIAL VIA WARM INFLATION IN TWO-TIME PHYSICS VO QUOC PHONG AND NGO PHUC DUC LOC Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Abstract. Within the SP (2, R) symmetry, the Two-time model (2T model) has six dimensions with two dimensions of time and the dilaton field that can be identified as inflaton in a warm inflation scenario with potential of the form ∼ φ4. From that consideration, we derive the range of parameters for the Higgs-Dilaton potential, the coupling constant between Higgs and Dialton − (α) is lager than 1.598 or smaller than 2.13 × 10 7 when the mass of Dilaton is lager than 200 GeV. Therefore, the 2T-model indirectly suggests that extra-dimension can also be a source of inflation. I. Introduction The 2T model [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] could be a well known choice. The model presents us with an unusual vision of time that advances on a plane, i.e., it has two dimensions of time. This model’s spontaneous symmetry breakdown is also different from the SM’s. The 2T physics is a combination of the standard model’s extended theory and the space-time or gravity theory. This theory has proposed expanding the number of spacetime dimensions to represent the whole cosmos, as well as the introduction of dilaton and its properties, for more than a decade (since 2008). -
Prospects for Measurements with Strange Hadrons at Lhcb
Prospects for measurements with strange hadrons at LHCb A. A. Alves Junior1, M. O. Bettler2, A. Brea Rodr´ıguez1, A. Casais Vidal1, V. Chobanova1, X. Cid Vidal1, A. Contu3, G. D'Ambrosio4, J. Dalseno1, F. Dettori5, V.V. Gligorov6, G. Graziani7, D. Guadagnoli8, T. Kitahara9;10, C. Lazzeroni11, M. Lucio Mart´ınez1, M. Moulson12, C. Mar´ınBenito13, J. Mart´ınCamalich14;15, D. Mart´ınezSantos1, J. Prisciandaro 1, A. Puig Navarro16, M. Ramos Pernas1, V. Renaudin13, A. Sergi11, K. A. Zarebski11 1Instituto Galego de F´ısica de Altas Enerx´ıas(IGFAE), Santiago de Compostela, Spain 2Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 3INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 4INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy 5Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, now at Universit`adegli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 6LPNHE, Sorbonne Universit´e,Universit´eParis Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France 7INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy 8Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Th´eorique , Annecy Cedex, France 9Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics (TTP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kalsruhe, Germany 10Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kalsruhe, Germany 11School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom 12INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy 13Laboratoire de l'Accelerateur Lineaire (LAL), Orsay, France 14Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Canarias and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrof´ısica, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 15CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland 16Physik-Institut, Universit¨atZ¨urich,Z¨urich,Switzerland arXiv:1808.03477v2 [hep-ex] 31 Jul 2019 Abstract This report details the capabilities of LHCb and its upgrades towards the study of kaons and hyperons. -
2012-2013 Chair James Rosenzweig
Department of Physics Astronomy ANNUAL REPORT 2013 219728_AnnualReport.indd 1 11/18/13 4:02 PM UCLA Physics and Astronomy Department 2012-2013 Chair James Rosenzweig Chief Administrative Officer Will Spencer Feature Article Eric Hudson Editorial Assistants Corinna Koehnenkamp, D.L. MacLaughlan-Dumes, Laurie Ultan-Thomas Design Mary Jo Robertson © 2013 by the Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Requests for additional copies of the publication UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy 2012-2013 Annual Report may be sent to: Office of the Chair UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy 430 Portola Plaza Box 951547 Los Angeles California 90095-1547 For more information on the Department see our website: http://www.pa.ucla.edu/ UCLA DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY 219728_AnnualReport.indd 2 11/18/13 4:02 PM Department of Physics Astronomy& 2013 Annual Report UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES 219728_AnnualReport.indd 3 11/18/13 4:02 PM CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLE: P.7 “Harnessing quantum interactions for the future of science and technology” GIVING TO THE DEPARTMENT P.15 UCLA ALUMNI P.18 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS P.19 ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS P.31 PHYSICS RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS P.37 PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY FACULTY/RESEARCHERS P.60 DEPARTMENT NEWS P.61 OUTREACH-ASTRONOMY LIVE P. 64 GRADUATION 2012-13 P.66 219728_AnnualReport.indd 4 11/18/13 4:02 PM Message from the Chair As Chair of the UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, it is with pride that I present to you our 2013 Annual Report. This document is intended to give an overview of the departmental accomplishments recorded in the last year, extending from recog- nition of faculty excellence in teaching and research, to the welcoming of new members to our ranks. -
JHEP05(2010)010 , 6 − Ing Springer and 10 May 4, 2010 9 : April 19, 2010 − : Tic Inflationary December 3, 2009 : Published Lar Potential, and No S
Published for SISSA by Springer Received: December 3, 2009 Accepted: April 19, 2010 Published: May 4, 2010 Light inflaton hunter’s guide JHEP05(2010)010 F. Bezrukova and D. Gorbunovb aMax-Planck-Institut f¨ur Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany bInstitute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 60th October Anniversary prospect 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We study the phenomenology of a realistic version of the chaotic inflationary model, which can be fully and directly explored in particle physics experiments. The inflaton mixes with the Standard Model Higgs boson via the scalar potential, and no additional scales above the electroweak scale are present in the model. The inflaton-to- Higgs coupling is responsible for both reheating in the Early Universe and the inflaton production in particle collisions. We find the allowed range of the light inflaton mass, 270 MeV . mχ . 1.8 GeV, and discuss the ways to find the inflaton. The most promising are two-body kaon and B-meson decays with branching ratios of orders 10−9 and 10−6, respectively. The inflaton is unstable with the lifetime 10−9–10−10 s. The inflaton decays can be searched for in a beam-target experiment, where, depending on the inflaton mass, from several billions to several tenths of millions inflatons can be produced per year with modern high-intensity beams. Keywords: Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM, Rare Decays ArXiv ePrint: 0912.0390 Open Access doi:10.1007/JHEP05(2010)010 Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 The model 3 3 Inflaton decay palette 6 4 Inflaton from hadron decays 10 JHEP05(2010)010 5 Inflaton production in particle collisions 12 6 Limits from direct searches and predictions for forthcoming experiments 14 7 Conclusions 16 A The νMSM extension 16 1 Introduction In this paper we present an example of how (low energy) particle physics experiments can directly probe the inflaton sector (whose dynamics is important at high energies in the very Early Universe). -
Reversed out (White) Reversed
Berkeley rev.( white) Berkeley rev.( FALL 2014 reversed out (white) reversed IN THIS ISSUE Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women into Physics ALUMNI NEWS AND MORE! Cover: The MAVEN satellite mission uses instrumentation developed at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory to explore the physics behind the loss of the Martian atmosphere. It’s a continuation of Berkeley astrophysicist Robert Lin’s pioneering work in solar physics. See p 7. photo credit: Lockheed Martin Physics at Berkeley 2014 Published annually by the Department of Physics Steven Boggs: Chair Anil More: Director of Administration Maria Hjelm: Director of Development, College of Letters and Science Devi Mathieu: Editor, Principal Writer Meg Coughlin: Design Additional assistance provided by Sarah Wittmer, Sylvie Mehner and Susan Houghton Department of Physics 366 LeConte Hall #7300 University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 Copyright 2014 by The Regents of the University of California FEATURES 4 12 18 Berkeley’s Space Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women Sciences Laboratory BERKELEY THEORISTS INVENT into Physics NEW WAYS TO SEARCH FOR GOING ON SIX DECADES UC BERKELEY HOSTS THE 2014 NEW PHYSICS OF EDUCATION AND SPACE WEST COAST CONFERENCE EXPLORATION Berkeley theoretical physicists Ashvin FOR UNDERGRADUATE WOMEN Vishwanath and Surjeet Rajendran IN PHYSICS Since the Space Lab’s inception are developing new, small-scale in 1959, Berkeley physicists have Women physics students from low-energy approaches to questions played important roles in many California, Oregon, Washington, usually associated with large-scale of the nation’s space-based scientific Alaska, and Hawaii gathered on high-energy particle experiments.