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Research on Development Policies of Zhoushan New Area in China

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Research on Development Policies of Zhoushan New Area in China 「한국비교정부학보」 제18권 제3호(2014. 12): 35-60 Research on Development Policies of Zhoushan New Area in China Ying Wang (Zhejiang Ocean University: Main Author) Ducksoo Kim (Zhejiang Ocean University: Co-author) Taewon Kang (Kunsan National University: Corresponding Author) Abstract Ying Wang / Ducksoo Kim / Taewon Kang Since the 1978, China has begun to develop a large-scale new areas in order to promote national economy. Zhejiang Zhoushan Archipelago New Area, which has obvious advantages in location, resources and industry, etc., is the only city-transformed district in China, a forerunner of Zhejiang Province and an important growth pole of Yangtze River delta in marine economy development. Setting up of this district is an important step of China in adopting the marine power strategy. Marine powers refer to the nations that have strong comprehensive strength in marine development, utilization, protection and management. This paper explores the innovative mode of setting up Zhoushan Archipelago New Area to promote the development of marine economy, speed up the openness of Zhoushan Archipelago New Area, construct the international logistics hubs, establish marine-related industry system, establish free trade zone, and construct marine science and technology base, and build a comprehensive marine development and experiment zone. This papre provides the policy implications to the Korean government. Korean government should have a good understanding of China’s strategy for marine economic zone. 주제어: Marine Economy, Regional Economy, Zhoushan New Area, Logistics Hub, Free Trade Zone Key Words: Marine Economy, Regional Economy, Zhoushan New Area, Logistics Hub, Free Trade Zone 「한국비교정부학보」 제18권 제3호 I. Introduction Since the reform and opening-up in 1978, the State Department has approved the construction of large scale new urban areas, known as nation-level new area, in the coastal provinces so as to promote national economy in China. The new area will take on a significantly strategic mission in China's overall development. The development goal and positioning of nation-level new area is planned and reviewed by the State Department. With the development and construction raised to the level of national strategy, the State Department has also decided on relevant preferential policies and authorities. More open and preferential special policies will be carried out in the new area so as to encourage the reform in various systems as well as the exploration on the innovation The nation-level new area will play an important role in implementing the strategy of opening-up and further development. The core of nation-level new area strategy lies in the mechanism ranging from nation-level area, central city, city cluster to economic belt. The further development of those new areas, such as Pudong New Area, Binhai New Area and Lounging New Area, and the earlier Shenzhen Special Economic Zone will act as the driving force for the four nation-level city clusters, namely Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and Chengdu-Chongqing Area. Those nation-level city clusters will also transform China's national space from growth-pole development to growth-axis development, leading to a multilayer, widefield and all around development path of regional economy. The nation-level new area will speed up gradually. From 1992 to 2010, there were only 3 nation-level new areas approved, namely Pudong New Area, Binhai New Area and Liangjiang New Area. However, during the period from 2011 to June of 2014, 8 nation-level new areas have been approved, one after another (as seen in table 1). It has meant that China has formed a growingly mature idea of adopting nation-level new area as a regional development strategy. In the future, the construction of nation-level new area will have an immediate effect on the overall opening up layout extending from coastal area, inland to border area, two vertical and three horizontal pattern of urbanization strategy as Research on Development Policies of Zhoushan New Area in China well as the realization of the-three-100-million urbanization goal. Table1. China’s Nation-level New Area Name of Development positioning new area Develop into a pioneer area of scientific development, the core of the Shanghai four centers(international economic center, international financial center, Pudong international trading center and international shipping center), the New Area experimental area of overall reform and the ecological area of (1992) opening-up and harmony Based on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, serve the Bohai Economic Zone and extend to Northeast China, North China and Northwest China, face Tianjin Northeast Asia. Develop into the window of opening-up in North China, Binhai the high-end base of modern manufacturing industry and research New Area achievement transformation, the Northern International Shipping Center (2006) and International Logistics Center. Gradually form the ecologically friendly new area featured by economic prosperity, social harmony and beautiful environment. The pioneer area of overall urban and rural development, the important Chongqing base of advanced manufacturing industry and modern tertiary industry in Liangjiang the inland, the economic center, financial center and innovative center in New Area the upstream area of Yangtze River, the important opening-up window in (2010) the inland as well as the demonstrative window of scientific development Zhejiang The storage, transfer, processing and trading center for bulk commodity Zhoushan in China, the important offshore opening-up window in East China, the Island demonstrative area of marine and island scientific protection, the New Area important and modern marine industrial base and the pioneer area of (2011) coordinated-land-sea-development in China The important economic growth pole in the Northwester China, the Gansu important industrial base, the important strategic platform and Lanzhou demonstrative area of industrial transfer open to West China. Drive the New Area development of Guansu and neighboring areas, deepen Western (2012) Development and push forward the opening-up to the west Based on Guangzhou and Pearl River Delta, link with Hong Kong and Macao, serve the inland, face the world, develop into the high-quality Guangzhou life circle of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao and the model of Nansha new-type urbanization, the modern industrial high land oriented towards New Area productive service industry, the overall service hub with the advanced (2012) level in the world, the experimental area of social administration and service innovation as well as the demonstrative area of overall cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao An important measure to deepen the Western Development, explore the Shanxi new-type urbanization mode focusing on the people and featured by Xixian Chinese characteristic, push forward the integration of Xian and Xianyang, New Area develop Xian into a modern city with the cultural and historical heritage, (2014) play an active role in deepening and broadening China’s Western Development 「한국비교정부학보」 제18권 제3호 Guizhou An important measure to deepen Western Development and explore the Guian New catching-up mode of those less-developed areas, push forward the Area innovation in the system, develop the inland open economy as well as (2014) promote the economy and society in Guizhou in a fast and sound manner. Assume the mission of marine economy and reform-and-opening-up, The west push forward economic transformation, social transformation and system coast of transformation, realize the three transformations in the west coast, Qingdao namely to build a updated Qingdao Harbor, to build a updated Qingdao New economic aggregate and to build a updated Qingdao new area. Build an Area innovative, open and harmonious nation-level new area, establish the (2014) strategic pole of Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and act as the demonstrative platform for national marine economic development Dalian With an distinctive geographical advantage and powerful economic Jinpu New strength, further deepen reform and opening-up, accelerate the Area development of Liaoning coastal economy, lead the revival and growth of (2014) Northeast China and further deepen the cooperation with Northeast Asia Deepen Western Development, steadily push forward new-type Sichuan urbanization and carry out the development strategy driven by the Tianfu innovation. Play an leading and driving role in developing inland open New Area economy, promoting the update and transformation in West China and (2014) completing the pattern of regional development Source: baike.baidu.com This paper is concerned with the development of Zhoushan Islands Marine Economic Zone, which is a coastal economic area in China.As discussed in the paper, Zhoushan Islands should speed up its opening-up and develop into an international logistics island. The experimental area of overall marine development will be also established while further efforts should be made to explore the construction of Zhoushan Islands New Area. In order to push forward the development of marine economy, this paper will innovate the mode of developing the island. By taking the model adopted by China to promote marine economy, this paper will also provide some reference for South Korea’s government to develop special economic zone. II. The Zhoushan Archipelago New Area Zhoushan archipelago, located on the west midland of the Pacific Ocean and the center of East Asia Pacific economic belt,
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