Global Renewable Energy
COGA Development Company Farms Limited (GREDCo) …A subsidiary of COGA Group PAPER PRESENTATION ON JATROPHA CULTIVATION AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY AT A 1-DAY SENSITIZATION AND AWARENESS FORUM(SAF) ON RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES IN EDO STATE ORGANIZED BY THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT(NCEE) AND THE EDO STATE GOVERNMENT HOLDEN AT BARDEN-BARDEN HOTEL, BENIN, EDO STATE ON THE 25TH OF AUGUST 2009. BY ENGR ABBA SANI KURAWA,Mnse,Mnars,Msei,Mieee CONSULTANT/GROUP TECHNICAL MANAGER GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LIMITED (A DIVISION OF COGA GROUP) KM 4 BI-ELESIN FALLAH, BODE SAADU, MORO L.G.A
th KWARA STATE. 25 AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
INTRODUCTION COGA Farms JATROPHA CURCAS:
Botanical description. Locally known as Lafa-Lafa or Bini da zugu.Jatropha belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, subfamily Crotonoideae and tribe Jatropheae .There are approximately 175 species under the genus Jatropha and , there are least 4 important species, namely : J. curcas, J. gosstifolia, J. podarica, and J. multifada. Jatropha is a succulent shrub. Plants do grow very tall (up to 20 ft ) 25TH AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
CONT…/INTRODUCTION 2 COGA Farms They have spreading branches and stubby twigs, with milky and yellowish exudates, leaves are deciduous, alternate but apically crowded, ovate, acute to acuminate, basally cordate, 3-5 lobed in outline, 6-40 cm long and 6-35 cm broad. Mature trees bear male and female flowers.
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COGA CONT…../INTRODUCTION 3 Farms
They bear several flowers which are greenish cymes, yellowish and bell shaped. Plants from this genus natively occur in Africa and Jatropha spread as a valuable ridge plant to Africa and Asia through the Portuguese traders.
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It is widely grown in Tamil Nadu, India, growing as weeds in Brazil, Fiji, Honduras, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, El Salvador and it is commonly planted in fence lines which serve as hedges for farmers in Nigeria.
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA GROUP CONT…./5 INTRODUCTION COGA Farms In the inflorescence a female flower is normally surrounded by a group of male flowers
Male to female flowers ratio ranged from 18:2:1-30:8:1 in the first year and 9:8:1-16:2:1 in the second year
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Cont/6..Introduction COGA Farms
The flowers open for a period of 8-10 days in the inflorescence. The female flowers open for 2-4 days only.
The increase in numbers of the female flowers in the subsequent years enhances 25THproductivityAUGUST 2009 COGA Group
Life Cycle of Jatropha COGA Farms
Jatropha is a drought- resistant plant that grows well in the harshest of conditions and poorest of soils with little soil improvement.
Easy to establish,jatropha has a speedy growth curve and 25THproducesAUGUST 2009 seeds forCOGA Groupwell over 50 years. Why Jatropha Curcas COGA Farms Jatropha Curcas can be used to produce biodiesel from the seeds after extracting oil from it.
Biodiesel is a term used to describe environmentally safe and low- polluting fuels for standard combustion and turbine engines using a chemical process called transesterification. 25TH AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms Jatropha Curcas Seeds
Seeds mature when the capsule changes from green to yellow after two to four months.
To optimize production of seeds with the maximum oil content of up to 42% care needs to be taken while selecting seeds. 25TH AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
AGRONOMY COGA Farms
Jatropha curcas grows well under subtropical and tropical climates. The plant is known to tolerate a wide range of rainfall [48 cm to 238 cm (mean = 143 cm)] annually, grows in a wide range of temperature [18- 28.5°C (mean = 25.2)].
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AGRONOMY/1 COGA Farms
It thrives in any soil type – sandy, gravelly, saline soils but well drained. It needs full sun. They are easily propagated either by seeds or stem cuttings, are fast growing, and are adapted to marginal soils with low nutrient content
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AGRONOMY/2 COGA Farms
Seedlings (3-4 month old) can be planted with the following distances: square planting: 2m x 2m (2,500 plants/ha) or 2m x 3m (1,666 plants/ha). Best time of planting coincides with the start of the rainy season.
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AGRONOMY/3 COGA Farms
Care of plants is simple as it involves only ring weeding during the first year, under brushing in later years to control vines and other dominant/highly competitive weeds.
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OPTIMUM CONDITIONS COGA Farms
Suitable land has to be identified without water logging possibilities and not a clay soil for Jatropha.
PH of soil should be in the region of 6.5- 7.8 for better growth and yield.
Well aerated soils are a must
The plant seems to respond well to organic matter (OM) and Inorganic fertilizer 25TH AUGUST 2009 COGA Group FERTILIZATION COGA Farms
Fertilizer application depends on the soil fertility and the farmers’ capacity to buy the commodity. 100-12Og SSP 18%,10-20g of UREA 46%,16-20g of Murate of Potash, 2-3kg of Organic manure in basal dressing during transplanting.
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Input materials for Jatropha plantation that effect yield variables: Minimum levels, Standard levels and Optimum levels COGA On 2m X 2m plant spacing Farms S/N Description of Minimum Standard Optimum Total bags Total bags Total bags per NB item levels/Ha levels/Ha levels/Ha per per 24 Hectares ( in (in 50kg (in 50kg bag) (in 50kg 24Hectares 24Hectare 50kg bags) bag) bag) ( in 50kg s ( in 50kg Optimum bags) bags) levels/Ha Minimum Standard levels/Ha levels/Ha
Organic 1 manure (FYM) 50 100 200 1200 2400 4800
SSP 18%( 2 single super 3.987 6 12 95.69 144 288 phosphate) fertilizer Urea 46% 3 fertilizer 1 2 3 24 48 72
Neem seed 4 cake or 100 150 200 2400 3600 4800 Jatropha seed cake Zeatin ( Moringa 14.9Litres 30 Litres 60 litres 357.6 Litres 720 Litres 1440 Olifeira extract)- Litres/Ha
Standard levels- Organic Manure (2kg/Plant Standard Levels-SSP 18% Fertilizer-(120gms/Plant) Standard levels-Urea 46% (40gms/plant) Standard levels-Neem Seed cake or Jatropha Seed cake (3kg/Plant) 25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
SEED SELECTION COGA Farms
IN ESTABLISHING A PLANTATION SEEDS ARE NORMALLY SELECTED FROM TREES THAT ARE OLDER THAN 10- 30YEARS FOR BETTER YIELD IN THE 1st YEAR OF PLANTATION ESTABLISHMENT.
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SOWING OF SEEDS COGA Farms
Prior to sowing, seeds bags are filled with a mixture of red soil, sand and organic compost at 1:1:1 ratio.
Plant growth hormone are also added to the mixture.
The seeds are watered regularly and within two months, saplings are ready for plantation
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Seed Treatment COGA Farms
The identified Jatropha seeds are soaked in a mixture of water mixed with 1% potassium chloride for a period of twenty four-thirty hours.
After soaking, the seeds are treated with Trichoderma Veridi at 4grams/kg of seeds along with 5% solution of Jaggery and are dried for over two hours. 25TH AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
Propagation Method COGA Farms
The Jatropha Curcas root system formation is directly influenced by the propagation method in such a way that any damage or deformation occurred in the root early growth cannot be repaired and will last for all the plant cycle reducing plant growth and yield
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Propagation Method/1 COGA Farms
Direct Seeding: Advantage Disadvantages
Less investment Less germination Damage by animals Survival rate is low Flowering, fruiting in 2year Moisture in the ground
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Propagation Method/2 COGA Farms Nursery Raising of Plants: Advantages Disadvantages
High percentage Nursery expenditure Of success is very high
Drought resistant
Early flowering and fruiting
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Propagation Method/3 COGA Farms
Propagation by cuttings: Advantages Disadvantages
Less investment Develop wider side roots
Early fruiting Compete with other crops for food and moisture
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COGA SEED GERMINATION Farms Seeds of Jatropha become mature and can be harvested when the exocarp changes from green to yellow. The capsule is usually divided into 3 cells with one seed per cell. Mature seeds have a hard and thick seed coat that delays germination if pre-germination treatment is not done.
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SEED GERMINATION/1 COGA Farms
The slight cracking method as pre- germination treatment resulted in radicle emergence after three days, with 75% of the seeds fully germinated after 5 days and after 8 days a total of 92% of the seeds germinated. Ordinary seed soaking had up to 70% germination only.
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COGA TIME OF PLANTING Farms
Best time of planting coincides with the start of the rainy season.
The planting could be done between July-October.
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group WATER REQUIREMENT (Using 4m x 3m Plant Spacing) COGA
Farms Monthly Mean Mean Pan Plant Spacing Crop Wetted Area WR(ltrs/Day/ WR/Hectare WR/Hectare Month Evaporation Evaporation Factor PS Factor WA Plant) Ltrs/Day Ltrs/Month (mm) ME PF ( M2) CF mm/Day
January 114.7 3.7 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 3.08 2,569 79,639
February 113.1 3.9 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 3.24 2,702 78,358
March 145.7 4.7 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 3.91 3,261 101,091
April 177 5.9 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 4.91 4,095 122,850
May 201.5 6.5 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 5.41 4,512 139,872
June 192 6.4 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 5.32 4,437 133,110
July 186 6.0 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 4.99 4,162 129,022
August 189.1 6.1 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 5.07 4,228 131,068
September 189 6.3 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 5.24 4,370 131,100
October 210.8 6.8 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 5.65 4,712 146,072
November 156 5.2 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 4.32 3,603 108,090
December 133.3 4.3 0.7 12 0.33 0.3 3.58 2,986 92,566
Total 2,008.2 65.8 8.4 144 3.96 3.6 54.72 45,637 1,392,838
KEY Water Requirement (WR) = ME X PF X PS X CF X WA Where, ME= Mean Evaporation or Open Pan Evaporation (mm/day) PF= Pan Factor (Usually taken as 0.7) PS= Plant Spacing (square meters)/Hectare CF= Crop Factor (Factor depends upon plant growth for full grown plants, CF=1) WA= Wetted Area (0.3 for widely spaced plantation and 0.7 for closely spaced plantation)
COGA ESTABLISHMENT OF PLANTATION Farms
AT THE TIME OF PLANTATION Pit size must be 1 feetX1feetX1feet for optimum growth of plants Mix the soil and manure thoroughly in 4 :1 or 3:1 ratio depending upon soil condition Mix the recommended dose of mycorrhiza(2gm/plant)in a mixture and mix well. Apply 1/3 part of mixture inside the pit before putting the plant Plant must be healthy, disease free and minimum 2 feet height for plantation. Sort diseased & under size seedling before plantation. Put the seedling in a pit in centre and pore balance mixture. Press soil properly to remove air inside the pit.
Avoid digging at fallowing places a) At water logged place b) under the canopy of big tree YIELD/PRODUCTIVITY
COGA Farms Starts yielding from 1st year under irrigation/rainfed condition, but stabilized yields from 3rd year onwards. Research results showed 1 kg/year plant in rainfed areas whereas Yields up to 2-8t/ha 4-5 kg/plant in irrigated areas. Cost of seed/kg may be N80
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group Plantation cost Per 1 hectare S/N ITEM COST(=N=) COGA 1st Year 2nd Year Farms 1 Site preparation i.e. Clearing and 5000 0.00 leveling of field 10MD @ N500 2 Alignment and staking 5 MD @ N500 2500 0.00 3 Digging of pits(2500 Nos.) of 10000 0.00 .45X.45X.45 @50 pits / MD=50 MD @ N200 4 Cost of Bio-fertilizer= 2kg/pit 5MT 17500 0.00 @N3500 MT 5 Manure mixture preparation 5000 0.00 transportation lifting, pit filling @ 100 pits / MD-25 MD@N200 6 Replantation/beating up,20% of total 1600 0.00 plants,500 plants,125 plants per MD=4 MD @ N400 7 Weeding & soil working 2 time/yr 10MD 5000 5000 @ N500 8 Irrigation-50 hrs in a year 10000 10000 9 Plant protection measure 15000 15000
AVERAGE PLANTATION COST EXCL.OF 71,600 30,000 PLANTING MATERIAL
HARVESTING COGA Farms Plants start to bear fruits within one-two year after planting but reach maximum productivity after 5 years. Fruits are harvested at yellow stage, each fruit containing 3-4 black color seeds 2 cm long and 1 cm thick.
HARVESTING/1 COGA Farms The yield per tree (fresh weight) ranges from 4-12 kg. Yields by year are as follows: 1.2 tonnes/ha during first 2-3 years, 2-3 tonnes/ha in 3-4 years ,5-6 tonnes/ha in 5 years to 50 years. Dry seed is about 15% of fresh weight of fruits. Dry seed is 32% meal, 30-38% crude oil, 30-38% seed coat.
HARVESTING/2 COGA Farms Using 1.0 kg as reference weight, the number of seeds per 1.0 kg seed lot was estimated:
1.0 kg (yellow-colored fruits) = 797 Seeds
1.0 kg (black-colored fruits) = 1,227 seeds
HARVESTING/3 COGA Farms The seed number as influenced by moisture content status is important as it determines the equivalent quantity of fruits to obtain 1.0 kg seeds. Based on estimates, the following data were obtained: 1.0 kg seed = 9.71 kg fresh yellow 1.0 kg seed = 5.11 kg black fruits Average of all seeds: 1 kg seed = 7.41 kg of fresh fruit
SEED COMPOSITION COGA Farms At 6.2% moisture content, protein is 18%, fat 38%, carbohydrates 17%, fiber 15.5%, ash 5.3%. The oil content is 25-30% in seeds, 50- 60% in kernel; Oil contains 21% saturated fat and 79% unsaturated fat. Oil has high saponification value (195.0). Thus, it is excellent for soap making. Jatropha press cake as organic fertilizer revealed the following analysis: N: 5.7 – 6.48 % , P2O5: 2.6 – 3.1%, K2O 0.9 – 1.05%, CaO:0.6 – 0.7% MgO: 1.26 – 1.37%.
PEST AND DISEASES COGA Farms
Resistance to pests and diseases applies only to free standing older trees.
All normal pests and diseases were encountered in young monocultures.
All pests and diseases can be controlled by both chemical or biological methods as is applicable to other crops.
Seed treatment with fungicide and Trichoderma will help protect seed
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COGA Farms PEST AND DISEASES/1
The golden flea beetle (pondagrica spp.) can harm young plants.
Jatropha is also host to the fungus ‘frogeye’(cercospera spp.) common in tobacco
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PEST AND DISEASES/2 COGA Farms
Plant protection: Pests: – Bark eater and pod borer are the major pests. They can be controlled with herbal pesticides such as mixtures of vitex, neem oil, aloe-vera, Gyb-Gro T @ 5ml/lit. of water. Mites are likely to cause major losses due to its puckering effect on the leaves which results into leaf deformity and reduces the leaf area significantly thus affecting the yield. The spray of Two g/lit. of Opmite or 3g/lit. of wettable sulphur control the attack, but the deformity is not regained. Diseases: Collar rot may be the problem in the beginning and can be controlled with Neem oil and Aloe-Vera. MITE ATTACK
COGA Farms MITE INFESTED PLANT
COGA Farms Scutelerra Viridis COGA Farms Bud Sucking on Fruits:
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COGA Farms EFFECT OF WEAVER CATERPILLAR
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COGA Farms LEAF MINER COGA Farms
COGA JATROPHA PROCESSING Farms
PREPARATION OF SEEDS: The ripe fruits are plucked from the trees and the seeds are sun dried for 4days.
They are decorticated manually or by decorticator.
To prepare the seeds for oil extraction they should be solar heated for 4-6hours or roasted for 10 minutes at 55 degrees centigrade.
COGA JATROPHA OIL MAKING Farms The oil can be extracted from the seeds by heat, solvents or by pressure. However extraction by heat is not used commercially for vegetable oils. The Oil from the Jatropha seeds can be extracted by three different methods. These are mechanical extraction using screw press, solvent extraction and an Intermittent extraction technique viz. soxhlet extraction. 25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
JATROPHA SEEDS OIL COMPOSITION COGA Farms Moisture:10% max per 100g H20 (water): 6.6g Protein: 18.2g, Fat: 38.0g Total carbohydrate: 33.5g Fiber content: 15.5g Ash: 4.5g Oil content: 35-40% seeds Oil content: 50-60% in kernels Saturated fatty acids:21% Unsaturated fatty acids: 79%
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COGA Farms
JATROPHA OIL EXTRACTION AND BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
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25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group Processing Technique COGA Farms
Crude oil• After crushing the seeds of Jatropha mechanically or manually , crude oil is collected.• Crude oil is filtered to remove contaminants and fed to transesterification.
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COGA Farms Mixing of Methanol as catalyst
Catalyst–Sodium hydroxide( caustic soda) is dissolved in methanol by mixing.
Precaution-The pellets of caustic soda does not absorb too much moisture during storage otherwise every molecule of water destroys a molecule of catalyst thus decreasing its concentration. Otherwise adverse impact on processing. 25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms REACTION
Methanol-catalyst mixture is charged into a reactor, either continuously or in batches and the crude oil is added. Mix is kept at about 150 Degrees F for about 7-8 hours under vigorous agitation. Catalyst reacts with fatty acids in the oil to form soap.
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COGA Farms
Methanol removal: Excess methanol is removed by a simple distillation process or Removed after the glycerin and esters are separated. Precaution-No water accumulates in the recovered methanol stream.
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COGA Farms SEPARATION
Once the reaction is completed and methanol is removed, 2 major products- glycerin and methyl esters are produced. Due to difference in their densities, they separate by gravity and glycerin can be taken out from the bottom. A centrifuge can be used to separate them.
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COGA METHANOL REMOVAL Farms
Excess methanol is removed by a simple distillation process or
Removed after the glycerin and esters are separated.
Precaution-No water accumulates in the recovered methanol stream
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COGAPROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL Farms
Methanol Molecular Weight -32.04 Density -0.792 g/cc Boiling Point - 64.7ºC
Ethanol Molecular Weight -46.07 Density -0.789 g/cc Boiling Point - 78.4ºC BIODIESEL B100 PROPERTIES COGA Farms Ultra low Sulfur (typically < 8 ppm) No Aromatics (& low PAH emission) High Cetane (> 52, improved ignition) High Lubricity (even 1% restores ULSD lubricity) Requires no major modification in engine design Biodegradable (soil, marine, aquatic ecosystems) Non-Toxic (Less Toxic than table salt) Non-volatile (< 2 mm Hg vapor pressure) Non-flammable (Flash Point > 150C) Solvent action of fuel on seals, gaskets, tank liners 78% Life Cycle CO2 Reduction High energy balance (3.2 to 1) TRIGLYCERIDE MOLECULES
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FATTY ACID CHAINS GLYCERIN NEUTRALIZATION
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Glycerin contains unused catalyst and soaps. These are neutralized with hydrochloric or phosphoric acid to form salts and can be stored as crude glycerin. 80-88% pure.
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COGA METHYL ESTER WASH Farms
After glycerin is separated, the methyl esters are washed gently with warm water to remove the residual catalyst and then stored. 98% pure methyl ester after distilling under vacuum.
Preferred method for High FFA feeds: COGA Farms Acid Catalyzed esterification followed by base catalyzed transesterification
1.Use acid catalysis for conversion of FFAs to methyl esters, until FFA < 0.5%.
Acid esterification of FFA is fast (1 hour) but acid catalyzed transesterification is slow (2 days at 60°C).
2. Then, add additional methanol and base catalyst to transesterify the triglycerides.
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COGA Farms PROCESS EQUATION
Processing equation
Crop Crude oil extraction Trans-esterification Bio diesel.
COGA Farms WHAT IS BIODIESEL? Biodiesel is a processed vegetable or animal Fat/oil either in edible or non edible form that resembles diesel fuel with high values of density, lubricity and flash point calorific value comparable with diesel Table : Comparison of bio diesel with diesel Specification Biodiesel Diesel Specific gravity 0.88 0.85 Flash point (o C) 19 55 Kinematic viscosity (cST) 4.8 42.7 Carbon residue (%) 0.02 40.35 Cetane number 52 47.5 Sulphur (%) 0 0.5 Calorific value (Kcal) 9470 10170
Comparison of different national standards for biodiesel COGA Farms
Country Europe Austria France Germany Italy USA Standard/Specification EN14214 ON C1191 Journal officiel DIN V 51606 UNI 10635 ASTM D-6751 Date 2003 July1997 Sept1997 Sept1997 April1997 Jan2002 Application FAME FAME VOME FAME VOME FAMAE Density 15 0C g/cm 0.86-0.90 0.85-0.89 0.87-0.90 0.88-0.90 0.86-0.90 - Viscosity 400C mm2/s 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 1.9-6.0 Distillation 95% 0C - - <360 - <360 90%@3600C Flash point 0C >120 >100 >100 >110 >100 >130(150 average) CFPP 0C(cold filter plugging point) Country specific 0/-15 - 0/-10/-20 - - Pour point 0C - - <-10 - <0/<-15 - Sulphur % mass <10 mg/kg <0.02 - <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 CCR 100%mass - <0.05 - <0.05 - - 10% distillation residue %mass <0.3 - <0.3 - <0.5 - Sulphonated ash % mass <0.02 <0.02 - <0.03 - <0.02 (oxidated) ash %mass - - - - <0.01 - Water mg/kg <500 - <200 <300 <700 <0.05%vol.(water&sediment)
Total contaminated mg/kg <24 - - <20 <20 - Cu-corrosion 3h/500C 1 - - 1 -
COGA
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BIO-DIESEL REACTOR tank tank Oil expeller D 350 Litre capacity Biodiesel And
200 Litres/oil dsy Degumming
Glycerol separator Washingtank
Washingtank
Washingtank
washing
nd
st
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2 1
Vessel 3
Receiving
Unwashed Dry
Washing Tanks
Dried and washedd biodiesel OIL EXTRACTION AND PROCESS STEPS IN BIO-DIESEL PRODUCTION
©GREDCo
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WASTE VEGETABLE COOKING OIL OR VEGETABLE OILS RECYCLE GREASE
COGA SULPHURIC ACID+METHANOL Farms
DEGUMMING DILUTE ACID ESTERIFICATION
METHANOL+NAOH TRANSESTRIFICATION
CRUDE BIO-DIESEL METHANOL RECOVERY CRUDE GLYCERIN REFINING
GLYCERIN REFINING
GLYCERIN ©GREDCo
BASIC TECHNOLOGY IN BIO-DIESEL PRODUCTION
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COGA Farms
THE COGA EXPERIENCE
BIOFUEL PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
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OUTLINE COGA Farms
About COGA
Renewable Energy Project
Our Journey so far
Future Development
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A Glimpse into COGA COGA Farms
Conceived in 2005 by Concordial Global Alliance Group
A unique concept driven by consortium of investment companies
Formed by seasoned professionals from the Oil & Gas industry
Registered as a Limited Liability Company
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COGA Farms A Glimpse into COGA/2
The Group is currently made of three companies: 1. COGA Farms Limited 2. FAPCo( Falah Agro-Processing company Ltd) 3. GREDCo( Global Renewable Energy Development Company Limited)
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Vision COGA Farms
To become a foremost player in commercial Agriculture in West Africa, with key focus on food production and feedstock crops for renewable energy.
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This is COGA Farms… COGA Farms
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COGA Farms COGA Farms Limited
Responsible for all cultivation activities
Currently cultivating a thousand hectares to ramp up to 10,000 hectares- 5000 hectares dedicated to Jatropha cultivation
Key plantations are: – Cassava – Maize – Jatropha – Soya beans Out-grower of feedstock for Bio-fuel
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COGA Farms FAPCo Limited Responsible for processing of cassava into: – High Quality Cassava Flour – Food Grade Starch – Garri
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COGA Farms GREDCo Limited
Responsible for developing renewable energy solutions – Jatropha Plant oil – Bio-diesel – Solar energy solutions – Wind energy solutions – Hydrogen energy solutions Consultancy for renewable energy solutions
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What we have done COGA Farms Conducted extensive research and workshop involving seasoned professionals Formed and Operationalised a project development team Cultivated over 100ha using locally-sourced seeds
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COGA What we are doing Farms – Finalising initial agreement for the supply of feedstock with foreign investors – Exploring financing options and opportunities both locally and overseas – Discussing with Kwara state Government for the cultivation of Jatropha Curcas and establishment of Bio-diesel processing plant -10,000 Litres/Day Capacity
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COGA Farms
PHOTOS OF BIO-FUEL DEVELOPMENT- JATROPHA CULTIVATION COURTESY COGA FARMS LTD Km 4 BI-Elesin Fallah KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
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25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group 250 metres 3.0metres 4metres
COGA 3.5Farms 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha m Block Block Block Block Block Block Block A B C D E F G
1775 812m x 1775m=1,441,300m2=144.13Ha
metres 812 812 metres 4m
3.5m 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha 10Ha Block Block Block Block Block Block 400m H I J K L M
250 metres 3.0metres 4metres ©GREDCo Ltd
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25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
COGA Farms
COGA Farms
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COGA Farms
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
Renewable Energy – Our Plan: COGA Farms – Finalise construction of mini-bio- diesel processing plant to prove technology and capability – Source local seeds for feed for mini-processor – Expand nursery and plantation to 5000Ha – Build a large processor of 10,000 litres/day
COGA Group 25th AUGUST 2009
OUR CURRENT ON-GOING COGA Farms RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS
A 3.5Kw Wind Turbine
A 500 Litre capacity biodiesel Plant( locally fabricated by GREDCo Ltd)
A photo bioreactor for Algal cultivation
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group BIODIESEL EQUIPMENT FABRICATION-COURTESY GREDCO LTD
COGA Farms
COGA Farms
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COGA Farms
WIND TURBINE BLADES CONSTRUCTION
COGA Farms
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COGA Farms HIGH YIELDING JATROPHA PLANT-JADI FROM MALAYSIA
COGA Farms
COGA Farms What we can do
Training Consultancy Joint venture/partnership Supply of Seed Cultivation Processing
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group
COGA Farms
THANK YOU
25th AUGUST 2009 COGA Group