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MAKEDONSKI JAZIK za sedmo oddelenie osumgodi{no osnovno obrazovanie Urednik Recenzenti: Lidija Tanturovska Milka Minoska Mitra Cilevska So re{enie na Ministerstvoto za obrazovanie i nauka br. se odobruva upotrebata na ovoj u~ebnik Ilustracijata na koricata e slikata  Most vo Langlua od VINSENT VAN GOG JAZIK MAKEDONSKIOT JAZIK VO XlX VEK FONETIKA MORFOLOGIJA SINTAKSA PRAVOPIS MAKEDONSKIOT JAZIK VO XlX VEK Pojavata na prvite pe~ateni knigi vo po~etokot na XlX vek go ozna~i {ireweto na prosvetitelskite idei me|u Makedoncite koi poka`uvale golem interes kon knigata. Bogatite trgovci gi pomagale materijalno na{ite prvi pisateli. Iako prvite pe~ateni knigi se pi{uvani vo duhovnata tradicionalna crkovna pismenost, sepak so niv po~nuva gri`ata za narodniot jazik, edinstven prigoden za narodnata prosveta. So toa se sozdadeni uslovite za usvojuvawe na narodniot jazik vo pismeniot govor i za {irewe na prosvetata Joakim Kr~ovski e me|u narodot. Sepak, ne mo`e da stane zbor za edinstven avtor na slednite literaturen jazik. Ova pra{awe }e se postavi duri podocna knigi: ÂPovest radi koga i kaj nas }e se pojavat kulturno izdignati lu|e i so stra{nago i vterago pogolema podgotovka. pri{estvija Hristova¤, Â^udesa...¤, ÂMitarstva i JAZIKOT NA PRVITE MAKEDONSKI PISATELI razli~na pou~itelna nastavlenija¤. Za jazikot na prvite makedonski pisateli ne mo`e da se ka`e deka e ~isto naroden, bidej}i vo nivnite pe~ateni knigi pred s# dominira crkovnoslovenskiot jazik, so crti od severoisto~noto makedonsko nare~je i tetovskiot govor. Prvite makedonski pisateli so svojata u~itelska i prosvetitelska dejnost i propagiraweto na narodniot jazik za kni`even jazik zazemaat vidno mesto vo makedonskata kni`evnost i vo kulturnata istorija na makedonskiot narod. Vo prvite decenii na 19-tiot vek vo Budim, se otpe~ateni knigite na Joakim Kr~ovski, napi{ani na kratovski govor. Vo kni`evniot jazik na Kr~ovski se sre}avaat jazi~ni crti od severnoisto~nite i zapadnite makedonski govori i crti od crkovnoslovenskiot jazik. Vo negovite tekstovi se sre}avaat i turski zborovi. Skoro vo isto vreme vo Budim e otpe~atena i prvata kniga na Kiril Pej~inovi}. Knigata e napi{ana na tetovski govor, so primesi od crkovnoslovenskiot jazik. I kaj Pej~inovi} se sre}ava upotrebata na turcizmi vo negoviot kni`even jazik. Vtorata kniga na Pej~inovi} e otpe~atena vo Solun, vo pe~atnicata na Teodosij Sinaitski. Teodosij Sinaitski go napi{al predgovorot na ÂUte{enie gre{nim¤, vtorata kniga na Kiril Pej~inovi}. Vo predgovorot toj, me|u drugoto, zapi{al: ÂEve kqu~ ~to otvoruet serdceto va{e: ne kqu~ ot zlato ili ot srebro, no kqu~ ot `elezo i ~ilik...¤. 4 Pej~inovi} ostavil avtobiografski podatoci vo svojot poznat Epitaf na nadgrobnata plo~a na negoviot grob vo Le{ok. Tome Serafimovski Kiril Pej~inovi} Taka toj ja proklamiral upotrebata na narodniot jazik, iska`uvaj}i ja prednosta na narodniot zbor vo kni`evnosta kako sredstvo za masovno prosvetuvawe na makedonskiot narod. Upotrebata na narodniot jazik kako zaedni~ka osobina na delata na prvite makedonski pistaeli se javuva vo prvite decenii na 19- tiot vek. JAZIKOT NA AVTORITE OD VTORATA POLOVINA NA XlX VEK Procesot na oformuvaweto na makedonskiot standarden jazik prodol`il so izborot na dijalektnata osnova na jazikot. Ovoj proces doa|a do izraz kaj makedonskite pisateli od vtorata polovina na 19 tiot vek. 5 Vo delata na Jordan Konstantinov- Xinot doa|a do izraz dijalektnata osnova na jazikot. Vakvata opredelba na Xinot se dol`i na negoviot streme`, makedonskiot jazik da go izdigne na ramni{te na porazvienite slovenski jazici. Makedonskite pisateli vo vtorata polovina na 19- tiot Vo Zagreb vo 1861 vek, razli~no go tolkuvale pra{aweto za jazikot. godina e objaven Kaj makedonskite pisateli od prerodbata preovladuva Zbornikot na streme`ot da se pi{uva na zapadnomakedonskoto nare~je. bra}ata Konstantin Miladinov svojata poezija ja napi{al na Miladinovci. rodniot stru{ki govor. Negovata poezija e bliska do Zbornikot sodr`i narodnata poezija i po stilot i po motivite i po izraznite 662 narodni pesni, poetski sredstva. 12 igrozborki, Vo pesnite na Rajko @inzifov sre}avame jazi~ni svadbeni obi~ai od osobenosti od makedonskiot i bugarskiot jazik, no i Struga i Kuku{, veruvawa, igri, crkvenoslovenizmi, rusizmi i srbizmi. Tokmu toj Âve{ta~ki predanija, spisok jazik¤ mnogu $ odzema na negovata poezija. na sopstveni Grigor Prli~ev e najtalentiraniot makedonski pisatel narodni imiwa, od vremeto na prerodbata. Toj svoite dela ÂSerdarot¤ i poslovici i ÂSkenderbeg¤ gi napi{al na gr~ki jazik. Iako rodniot gatanki. ohridski govor se sre}ava vo negovoto tvore{tvo, Prli~ev se stremel da izgradi op{t jazik za site Sloveni. Sepak, Prli~ev e bestra{en i neumoren borec za prosvetuvaweto na makedonskiot narod na maj~in jazik i za istisnuvaweto na gr~kiot jazik od makedonskite u~ili{ta i crkvi. Prerodbenikot \or|ija Pulevski pi{uval na svojot gali~ki govor. Pi{uvaj}i za istorijata na makedonskiot narod, vo svoeto delo ÂRe~nik od tri jazika¤ (makedonski, albanski i turski), Pulevski veli: ÂNa{e ote~estvo se veqit Makedonija i mie se imenuvame Makedonci¤. Pulevski objavil i zbirka od narodni pesni pod naslov ÂMakedonska pesnarka¤. Streme`ot da se pi{uva na zapadnomakedonsko nare~je e izrazen vo dejnosta na Partenij Zografski i Kuzman [apkarev. Niz site tvore{tva na pisatelite od vtorata polovina od 19 tiot vek dominira zalo`bata za poseben makedonski standarden jazik. VE@BA Pro~itaj gi vnimatelno slednive tekstovi od delata na prvite makedonski pisateli i pisatelite od vtorata polovina na 19- tiot vek i otkrij vo koi se koristi narodniot jazik, a vo koi zapadnomakedonskoto nare~je. 6 RAZLI^NA POU^ITELNA NASTAVLENIJA (SLOVO ZARADI ZAVIST) O prokqatija i na Boga merzkaja i vsepogana i {to gubi du{i - zavist! Ona e semja na seko zlo i greh, taja skverna zavist, jadvita i gnusna. Ona ispoganila nebo i zemqa i zapalila plamen ve~nija muki. Pervij sogre{il na nebesi denica so zavist i fodulluk. Taka i Adam u raj {to mu zapovedal Bog ne poslu{al i otpadnal od Boga. A po Adama i Kain ispadnal sos zavist. Ama tija pervi grehove izlegli od djavola {to bil dennica. Adama i Kaina toj gi nau~il na zlo. Od zavist pomra~il se i potemnel, {to bil glava na angelite, prvij nad serafimite, najhubava dennica utro {to izgreva i sijae. Prvo videl neizre`enija hubavina {to e kolku tri slnca, svetlost Bo`estva. Padnal u zavist, pa si ÂI sam Isus Hristos podignalsrceto na gordost, na fodulluk, pa sakal da bide ako slezit od neboto ne Bog. Rekl si na srceto si i na umo si: ÂDa se iska~im na mo`it da go uverut neboto, kako Boga da bidam!¤ Zavist dennica angela Makedoneca oti toj e pomra~i, potemni, padna u fodulluk. Ne salt {to mislil Blgarin iqi Srbin¤ . da bide raven tokmu s Boga, no sakal da razumee bo`estvo. Temko Popov Dennica saksal da izleze na visoko mesto na nebesi i stanal djavol i padnal najdole pod zemi, dlboko v bezdnu. Velikij, gole, i svetlij angel u~inil se i stanal stra{nij djavol temnij. Premenil si i onaja golema ~ast na ve~na muka i izgubil bo`estvennih darovanij svetloistkannij ukra{enija, {to go Bog bil ukrasil, a on ostanal gol. I kako bil jak i tverd na sekoe zlo, i ot tova se raspalil pove}e u nenavist i du{manl'k na Boga. Sopira se Bogu kako bogoborec i otstupnik. Koga poznal, za{to ne mo`e da u~ini ni{to sprotivno na Boga, togaj obrnal oru`ie da ~ini vojska sos ~oveci. Ima jeden yver svirep i qut, imeto mu e babr, ta mnogu ne navidi ~oveci. I ako vidi ~oveka, tr~i na nego i si~ka svoja qutina izliva dokad se nasiti. Taka i djavol, {to ne navidi dobro, ne mogl da u~ini nekoja pakost na Boga. Koga videl ~eloveka odu{evlen, sos du{a, potr~al pravo na nego i napnal zmijjadovitij, kako videl on Adama so slava i mu po~est uven~ana, u raj sladosti, i car na si~ko {to e na zemqata. Zatoa djavol od zavist se razranil i od nenavist, za{to e mnogu zavistliv, podgovri i prelagal gi, sklonil gi da ne poslu{aat Boga prededi na{i. I toga se zaraduval, za{to gi videl ispadeni od raj. I koga ~ul za{to gi predal da umrat, koga rekl im Bog Âsmertiju }e da umrete¤, bogoborec posrami sja {to dosadi Bogu. Na ~oveka otvrnal, na Boga ni mogl da otvrne. Ka`e svetij Vasilij. Izvadok Joakim Kr~ovski 7 EPITAF NA KIRILOVIOT GROB Tearce mu negovo ro`denie, Pre~ista i Hilandar postri`enie, Le{ok mu e negoo vospitanie, Pod plo~ava negoo po~ivanie. Od negovo svoe ot{estvie Do Hristovo vtoro pri{estvie, Molit vas bra}a negoi, qubimija, Hotja{tija po~itati sija, Oro, oro, ori{te, Da re~ete Bog da bi go prostil, Zere u grob crvite gi gostil. Oro, oro, ori{te, Ovde le`i Kirilovo telo, na babino buni{te U manastir i u Le{ok selo, baba najde ~e{li{te, Da Bog da za dobroe delo si is~eqa glavi{~e, si raspravi kosi{~e Kiril Pej~inovi} i na dedo bradi{~e. [to se velit narod? Kusman [apkarev Narod se velit qudi koji se od eden rod i koji zboruvajet ednakov zbor i koi `ivuvajet i se drugarat edni so drugi i koji imajet jednavi obi~aji i pesni i veseqa.
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    Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College Slavic Studies Faculty Publications Slavic Studies Department 1996 The onC troversial Saints: Representations of Cyril and Methodius in Modern Slavic History: Chronology and Theses Petko Ivanov Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/slavicfacpub Part of the Folklore Commons, History of Christianity Commons, and the Slavic Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Ivanov, Petko, "The onC troversial Saints: Representations of Cyril and Methodius in Modern Slavic History: Chronology and Theses" (1996). Slavic Studies Faculty Publications. 11. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/slavicfacpub/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Slavic Studies Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Slavic Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. Petko Ivanov The University of Chicago THE CONTROVERSIAL SAINTS: REPRESENTATIONS OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS IN MODERN SLAVIC HISTORIES Chronology and Theses The subject of this paper is the construction of Cyril and Methodius as pan-Slavic and national Slavic identity symbols. It analyzes the mechanisms and the actual process of transforming the ninth-century Byzantine missionaries into eponymic Slavic forefathers destined to play a major role in the nesting of Slavic identities and in the legitimization of various political organisms in the modern Slavic world. The paper therefore does not deal in the alleged “historical truth” and deliberately avoids historical objectivism as far as the medieval events related to Cyril and Methodius are concerned.
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    br. 82 30.08.2018 I VO NOVATA U^EBNA GODINA S¤ E „PO STARO“ Zo{to skopski u~enici i godinava }e u~at informatika crtaj}i Vlasta neka ispe~ati smeneti ustav i kompjuter na tabla? u~ebnici, spored dogovorot so Atina, za da vidime {to ne ~eka Bi odzel tri ~etvrtini od figurite na glavniot gradski plo{tad [to pu{at onie koi go prekopuvaat i uni{tuvaat Vodno? 2 VO FOKUSOT ]E SE PIE KAFE SO VKUS NA KARAMELA... Kupija li gradskite vlasti 755 kilogrami kafe za da si gledaat vo {oljite {to treba da gradat? Ova navistina ne e vo red! Edinaeset iljadi evra se pregolemi pari za da se ispijat kako kafe. Toa mo`e da se namali, a parite da se prenamenat za ne{to pokorisno, reagira skopjankata Vesna Krstevska ovelete, instant, espreso, fil- derot. Tamu, od tenderskata dokume- Pter, kapu~ino, arabika i robusta, n tacija koja mo`evme da ja vidime na sredno pe~eno... vakov izbor vo na - veb-sajtot na Biroto za javni na ba v - red nive meseci }e ima skopskata ki mo`e da se presmeta deka na grad- gra dska administracija, sovetnici - skite vlasti vo narednive dve te i gostite vo objektite na Gradot go dini }e im bidat potrebni ni po- Skopje koga e vo pra{awe pieweto malku ni pove}e otkolku 755 kilo- kafe. Izborot e kako vo Hilton ho- grami najrazli~ni kafiwa!? Malku tel, a za toa se pogri`ija do ma }ini - ili mnogu, mo`e da proceni sekoj te, odnosno, gradskite vlasti koga vo skopjanec od ~ii pari se finansira }er, 50 kilogrami kafeav {e}er i april godinava objavile tender za i ovaa nabavka.
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    Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA EARLY PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS 1 June 2008 OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report Warsaw 20 August 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 1 II. INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................. 2 III. BACKGROUND......................................................................................................................................... 3 IV. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK .............................................................................................................. 4 V. ELECTION ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................................................ 5 A. ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODIES............................................................................................................. 5 1. State Election Commission.................................................................................................................... 5 2. Municipal Election Commissions and Election Boards ........................................................................ 6 B. VOTER EDUCATION ................................................................................................................................... 7 C. VOTERS’ LISTS .........................................................................................................................................