DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICT HEATING

District heating is a separate energy system that forms FACTS a natural part of the energy supply for towns and cities ππ A district heating system comprise and densely populated areas. Statkraft is a European of three parts: An exchanger unit (at the customer), a heating leader within renewable energy and focuses on further production plant and a district development of district heating in the Nordic region. heating grid. Heat is transferred from the district heating grid to the Because the heat distribution takes place locally, district customer’s own heating system in heating is likely to be developed in close collaboration the customer exchange unit. with local authorities and end users. ππ The most common energy sources for district heating are waste, biofuel, heat pumps, landfill gas, PRINCIPLE FOR DISTRICT HEATING These include waste, biofuel, heat natural gas, propane/butane gas, District heating involves the heating π pumps, landfill gas, natural gas, pro- electricity and fuel oil. of water. In practice a district heating pane/butane gas, electricity and fuel oil. plant can be linked to a central heating Several different energy sources can be ππ Statkraft owns district π system that supplies one or several used at the same time in a single district heating plants in , buildings with hot water. The hot water heating system. This results in a stable Klæbu, Porsgrunn, , Jarlsø and Tønsberg through Trondheim and flexible supply of heat to the cus- circulates between the heat production Energi and Skagerak Varme. plant and the customer in insulated π tomers. If a particular energy source is underground steel pipes. The pipes π unavailable for a period of time, another ππ Production of 530 GWh of source can be used to heat the water are often laid together with other infra- district heating each year covers structure such as telecommunication that is distributed to the customers. around 30 percent of heating lines and electricity cables, and experi- requirements in Trondheim. ence average heat losses of around π Expressions such as base load and peak ten percent. load are often used in connection with ππ The plants at Porsgrunn, Horten, district heating, where the base load is Jarlsbø and Tønsberg produce Customers use the water to provide likely to consist of waste or biofuel, and around 25 GWh of district heating heating through under-floor heating π the peak load of oil or gas. The base load per annum. or radiators, and to heat tap water. π is the cheapest energy source. However, A number of different energy sources π major variations in capacity requirements ππ In Sweden Statkraft Värme AB are used to generate district heating. over the course of a year mean that a generates 320 GWh each year, based on wood pellet-fired heating centres in Kungsbacka, Alingsås, Trosa, Vagnhärad π and Åmål.

ππ Statkraft aims to achieve further growth within district heating, and is applying for licences to both expand the existing district heating grid and construct new Heat Production Plant district heating facilities via wholly and partly owned subsidiaries. hot water π

Shop cooled water π

School Residence Updated September 2009

Statkraft and district heating

ππ 2001: Statkraft purchases Trondheim ππ 2004: Statkraft decides to construct a ππ 2005: Skagerak Varme starts operation Energi and takes over district heating new combustion line at Heimdal heating of the district heating plant at Kalnes π activities connected to Heimdal heat centre, and construction starts in August at Tønsberg, which is based on natural π roduction plant, based on waste from π the same year. gas and electricity. the city of Trondheim and the neigh- bouring local communities. ππ 2004: Skagerak Varme commences ππ 2007: The new combustion line at operation of the district heating plant π Heimdal heat production plant enters ππ 2003: Skagerak Varme takes over the at Porsgrunn, where production is 85 operation. The annual heat production heat pumps district heating plant at percent based on surplus heat from becomes 530 GWh. Horten. production at Herøya. ππ 2009: Statkraft takes over five district heating plants in Sweden.

peak load is required, which is generally a sents the main heating source at renewable energy sources. Waterborne more expensive energy source. A peak load Statkraft’s Swedish plants. heat creates a good indoor climate. The is also required in order to guarantee secu- circulating water has a temperature of π rity of supply. IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT between 50-80°C, and there are no π District heating based on renewable ener- problems with dust combustion and π In Trondheim energy waste represents gy sources has a positive environmental electromagnetic fields. the largest and most important energy effect as this form of heating can replace source as well as the base load for the less environmental friendly heating such district heating system. Bioenergy repre- as fuel oil or electricity based on non-π

HEIMDAL PRODUCTION PLANT Heimdal production plant lies at the π Heimdal heating centre in heart of the district heating activities in Trondheim, . Trondheim. Behind the majestic glass π facade, the waste is converted into envi- ronmental friendly heat.

The main source for heating is municipal solid waste, which accounts for nearly 70 percent of district heating production. The waste comes from the entire Central Nor- way region, from Saltfjellet in the north to Dovre in the south. Each year the plant can burn more than 200 000 tonnes of waste.

The plant is subject to stringent environ- mental requirements. Each of the three furnaces has its own cleaning facility for removing particle- and gaseouls pollution. Much of the waste that is burned at the plant comprises renewable energy.

This reduces the amount of oil and electri- In addition, many buildings in Trondheim Heimdal heat production plant provides a cal power used by customers for heating. were constructed incorporating electrical good example of how recycling can benefit A number of large commercial buildings, heating. Supplying these with district the environment! schools and other institutions previously heating reduces the amount of electricity had their own oil boilers, which have now used for heating. Together, these two π been replaced by district heating. factors help reduce local emissions.