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Industrial Action
Dewi Hardiningtyas, ST, MT, MBA Industrial Action LOGO Source of Industrial Conflict Internal External Style of management Economic policy Physical environment Labor legislation Social relationship Political issue Other facilities National crisis Grievance Social inequalities Industrial Action Industrial action refers collectively to any measure taken by trade unions or other organized labor meant to reduce productivity in a workplace. UK, Ireland and Australia Industrial action US Job action I L O Standards Convention No. 87 the right of trade unions as organizations of workers set up to further and defend their occupational interests (Article 10), to formulate their programs and organize their activities (Article 3). This means that unions have the right to negotiate with employers and to express their views on economic and social issues affecting the occupational interests of their members. J.-M. Servais, “ILO standards on freedom of association and their implementation”, International Labor Review, Vol. 123(6), Nov.–Dec. 1984, pp. 765–781. Types of Industrial Action Occupation Strike Work-to-Rule of Factories General Overtime Slowdown Strike Ban 1. Strike Strike action (labor strike) is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. A strike usually takes place in response to employee grievances. Wildcat Strike (Poole, 1980) This form of strike is in violation of contract and not authorized by the union because no reason or notice is given to employer before embarking 2009, Lindsay Oil on it. Refinery strike Sit-down Strike (Poole, 1980) This is type of strike involve workers being present at work but literally not working. 1930, Flint sit-down strike by the United Auto workers Constitutional vs Unconstitutional Strike (Poole, 1980) Constitutional Strike Unconstitutional Strike This refers to actions that This is a strike action that conform to the due does not conform to the procedure of the collective provisions of the collective agreement. -
Governing Body 323Rd Session, Geneva, 12–27 March 2015 GB.323/INS/5/Appendix III
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE Governing Body 323rd Session, Geneva, 12–27 March 2015 GB.323/INS/5/Appendix III Institutional Section INS Date: 13 March 2015 Original: English FIFTH ITEM ON THE AGENDA The Standards Initiative – Appendix III Background document for the Tripartite Meeting on the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), in relation to the right to strike and the modalities and practices of strike action at national level (revised) (Geneva, 23–25 February 2015) Contents Page Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Decision on the fifth item on the agenda: The standards initiative: Follow-up to the 2012 ILC Committee on the Application of Standards .................. 1 Part I. ILO Convention No. 87 and the right to strike ..................................................................... 3 I. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 II. The Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87) ......................................................................... 3 II.1. Negotiating history prior to the adoption of the Convention ........................... 3 II.2. Related developments after the adoption of the Convention ........................... 5 III. Supervision of obligations arising under or relating to Conventions ........................ -
Of Unionization in the Workplace
A MACKINAC CENTER REPORT THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES of Unionization in the Workplace CHRISTOPHER C. DOUGLAS, PH.D. The Mackinac Center for Public Policy is a nonpartisan research and educational institute dedicated to improving the quality of life for all Michigan citizens by promoting sound solutions to state and local policy questions. The Mackinac Center assists policymakers, scholars, businesspeople, the media and the public by providing objective analysis of Michigan issues. The goal of all Center reports, commentaries and educational programs is to equip Michigan citizens and other decision makers to better evaluate policy options. The Mackinac Center for Public Policy is broadening the debate on issues that have for many years been dominated by the belief that government intervention should be the standard solution. Center publications and programs, in contrast, offer an integrated and comprehensive approach that considers: All Institutions. The Center examines the important role of voluntary associations, communities, businesses and families, as well as government. All People. Mackinac Center research recognizes the diversity of Michigan citizens and treats them as individuals with unique backgrounds, circumstances and goals. All Disciplines. Center research incorporates the best understanding of economics, science, law, psychology, history and morality, moving beyond mechanical cost‑benefit analysis. All Times. Center research evaluates long-term consequences, not simply short-term impact. Committed to its independence, the Mackinac Center for Public Policy neither seeks nor accepts any government funding. The Center enjoys the support of foundations, individuals and businesses that share a concern for Michigan’s future and recognize the important role of sound ideas. The Center is a nonprofit, tax‑exempt organization under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. -
KEEP the PRESSURE ON! What's Going on in South Africa? Laws, and Discrediting the All-White Sentation
Published by the New York Labor Committee Against Apartheid co CWA Local 1180, 6 Harrison St ., New York 10013 KEEP THE PRESSURE ON! What's going on in South Africa? laws, and discrediting the all-white sentation. The "stay-away" shut down This September, we watched 50,000 elections held this September. factories, schools, shops and transport. protestors march legally and peaceful- The Defiance Campaign has re-ig- ly through Cape Town, without a hint nited the democratic opposition. looking Abroad of police repression . Then newly- Through non-violent direct action, elected president F.W. DeKlerk thousands have participated in in- As the Defiance Campaign con- declares that the door is open for the tegrating hospitals, beaches, parks, tinues, the government has been reform of the apartheid system. In Oc- and workplace canteens. Workers pushed into more visible concessions. tober, eight national heroes of the anti- have held meetings and sing-ins on the It has allowed several municipalities to apartheid struggle are released from trains during their long commutes to repeal "petty apartheid" rules, like long imprisonment, including ANC work. School children and teachers segregated parks. leader Walter Sisulu. staged marches, college students set On October 4, in its most dramatic Are apartheid's rulers giving up at up barricades, and unions called a con- gesture, Pretoria released the country's last? sumer boycott. Banned organizations leading political prisoners, with the Hardly. At the same time the held public rallies to "unban" them- significant exception of Nelson Man- government was making highly selves. dela. publicized concessions, it was also kill- On September 6, three million DeKlerk's gestures are directed at ing 27 election protestors, putting joined a national strike to protest the international as well as internal hundreds more in detention, raiding elections, which exclude blacks from audiences. -
Resolution #1 CUPE NATIONAL WILL
Resolution #1 CUPE NATIONAL WILL: Amend Article 11 of the National Strike Fund regulations to allow for all Local Unions to be entitled to claim assistance from the Strike Fund for up to 100% of the Local Union’s share of the cost of the arbitrator or chairperson of a board of arbitration and up to 90% of the cost of representation before such arbitrator or board. Assistance regarding arbitration costs will no longer be limited to Local Unions which are “prohibited by legislation from striking.” BECAUSE: ● The arbitration process can place a significant financial burden on Local Unions, particularly smaller Local Unions. ● Conservative governments are increasingly willing to use charter-violating legislation to force workers into arbitration and thus subjected to sizeable legal fees. Submitted by Local 3903 ____________________ Maija Duncan Chairperson _____________________ Gizem Çakmak Recording Secretary Resolution #2 CUPE NATIONAL WILL: Amend Article 5 of the National Strike Fund regulations to ensure that Local Union members can receive strike pay when they are not holding a current contact or on active payroll, but have paid dues within the past 12 months. BECAUSE: ● The National Strike Fund regulations must reflect the reality of contractual and precarious workers within unionized workplaces. ● Particularly within the post-secondary sector, workers hold contracts for specific terms with the reasonable expectation that they will receive work again within the next academic year. ● A worker should not be prevented from performing strike activities and showing solidarity with their fellow workers merely because they do not have an active contract at the time of a strike or lockout. -
Glossary of Terms
160 Glossary of Terms action (industrial action) Any deviation from normal working practice taken by an individual or a group collectively in pursuit of an objective on which they are in conflict with management. arbitration The process of resolving disputes by reference to the decision of a third party. ban overtime/overtime ban A particular type of industrial action where employees refuse to work outside their normal contractual working hours. blacking Type of industrial action which takes the form of a boycott, i.e. refusing to handle or work with particular items or people. blue-collar workers Workers employed in manual work. branch A local organisation of a trade union, geographically or organisation based. breakdown The point at which the parties in negotiation cannot reach agreement and discussions can no longer continue. check-off System whereby the employer deducts union subscriptions from wages on behalf of the union. claim A term applied to the proposal put forward by the employees at the beginning of a negotiation. clock on/clock off 'Clock on' describes the stamping of a time card by employees at the clocking-on machine when they start work. They will also have to clock off at the end of their work period. closed shop An agreement between an employer and trade union (or a number of trade unions) that all employees become or remain members of the union( s). code of practice Document issued by the government or a government agency to provide guidance on a specified topic. It can be quoted in legal cases. collective agreement An agreement reached between management and trade union(s) which covers a particular work group. -
The Requirement of Notice of Industrial Action in South African Labour Law
1 THE REQUIREMENT OF NOTICE OF INDUSTRIAL ACTION IN SOUTH AFRICAN LABOUR LAW 1. Introduction [1] Industrial action1 is accepted worldwide as an integral part of collective bargaining. It can take different forms. These include a strike2, a lock-out3, picketing4, a product boycott5 and protest action6. The list is not intended to be exhaustive. In turn, a strike 1 Barker & Holtzhausen Labour Glossary 71 define the term “industrial action” as meaning “action by unions, employees or employers to pressurise the other party in the furtherance of an industrial dispute”. They go on to state: “It usually refers to strikes and lock-outs but could also include picketing, product boycotts, sit-ins, go-slow strikes and other actions which disrupt the productive process”. 2 A strike is defined in s 213 of South Africa’s Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (“the Act”) as meaning: “the partial or complete concerted refusal to work, or the retardation or obstruction of work, by persons who are or have been employed by the same employer or by different employers, for the purpose of remedying a grievance or resolving a dispute in respect of any matter of mutual interest between employer and employee, and every reference to ‘work’ in this definition includes overtime work, whether it is voluntary or compulsory”. 3 A lock-out is defined in s 213 of the Act as meaning: “the exclusion by an employer of employees from the employer’s workplace for the purpose of compelling the employees to accept a demand in respect of any matter of mutual interest between employer and employee, whether or not the employer breaches those employees’ contracts of employment in the course of or for the purpose of that exclusion”. -
Local Officers' Resource Manual
Dear Colleagues: Congratulations on your election. You take office at one of the most critical moments in the history of our country and union. This moment calls for bold leadership as our union responds to three intersecting crises. We are living in an era of extreme economic inequality and Corporate Power. We have seen the largest redistribution of wealth in our nation’s history and the lowest unionized workforce in decades. In 2020 we also faced the threat, destruction, and tragedy of the COVID-19 pandemic. Amidst the devastation of COVID-19, we have found ourselves confronting the plague of racism in America, which has been rampaging in our communities since long before the pandemic. I have been proud of the actions our union has taken to dismantle anti-Black racism and we have so much more work to do. I know that together we are up to the task of confronting these challenges. We can continue building our union’s power through new organizing, bargaining strong contracts, and building independent political power behind a working class agenda. As unprecedented as the COVID-19 pandemic is, CWAers have been on the front lines every day, keeping people informed, connected, and safe during this difficult time. And if we are to make progress in tearing down racism in this country and in our union, we must listen to the experiences of Black CWA members and all Black workers. Every white union member, Black union member, Latino union member, and every ally must fight and organize for Black lives. Unions have a duty to fight for power, dignity and the right to live for every working-class person in every place. -
72 FLRA No. 6 Decisions of the Federal Labor Relations Authority 47
72 FLRA No. 6 Decisions of the Federal Labor Relations Authority 47 72 FLRA No. 6 the Back Pay Act (BPA).2 Because the Arbitrator’s interpretation of the relevant provision of that agreement UNITED STATES is plausible, we find that his procedural-arbitrability DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE determination draws its essence from the parties’ FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS agreement. However, we find that the award of backpay FEDERAL TRANSFER CENTER is contrary to the BPA because the Arbitrator did not find OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLAHOMA that the Agency violated an applicable law, rule, (Agency) regulation, or provision of the parties’ agreement. and II. Background and Arbitrator’s Award AMERICAN FEDERATION The grievant is a correctional officer assigned to OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES a position in the most restricted portion of the Agency’s LOCAL 171 prison facility. An inmate raised credible allegations COUNCIL OF PRISON LOCALS #33 concerning the grievant’s interactions with another (Union) inmate. On July 19, 2017,3 the Agency reassigned the grievant to a position outside of the secured portion of the 0-AR-5592 facility, where he would have no direct contact with inmates, pending an investigation of the claims against _____ him. At the time of his reassignment, the Agency did not provide the grievant with the reason for the reassignment; DECISION however, it did inform him that he was not eligible to work overtime while in the reassigned position. January 19, 2021 _____ On August 10, the grievant met with an Agency investigator, who notified the grievant, for the first time, Before the Authority: Colleen Duffy Kiko, Chairman, of the disciplinary investigation and the allegations and Ernest DuBester and James T. -
The Power Resources Approach: Developments and Challenges
The Power Resources Approach: Developments and Challenges Stefan Schmalz, Friedrich Schiller University, Germany Carmen Ludwig, Justus Liebig University, Germany Edward Webster, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Introduction Instead of dismissing labour as a product of the past, the study of labour has been revitalised over the past two decades by approaches that emphasise the ability of organised labour to act strategically. This new branch of research on trade union renewal has challenged the discourse of a general decline of organised labour, focusing instead on innovative organising strategies, new forms of participation and campaigning in both the Global North and the Global South (Turner, Katz and Hurd, 2001; Clawson, 2003; Milkman, 2006; Agarwala, 2013; Murray, 2017). The focus of these studies has not been the institutional setting of labour relations or the overall impact of major trends like globalisation on labour, but rather the strategic choice in responding to new challenges and changing contexts. In the discussion on trade union renewal, the power resources approach (PRA) has emerged as a research heuristic. The PRA is founded on the basic premise that organised labour can successfully defend its interests by collective mobilisation of power resources. This idea has significantly shaped the way scholars are dealing with the issue of union revitalisation and labour conflict, as studies from different world regions have examined union renewal as a process of utilising existing power resources while attempting to develop new ones (Von Holdt and Webster, 2008; Chun, 2009; Dörre, 2010a; McCallum, 2013; Julian, 2014; Melleiro and Steinhilber, 2016; Lehndorff, Dribbusch and Schulten, 2017; Ludwig and Webster, 2017; Xu and Schmalz, 2017). -
Guarding Capital: Soldier Strikebreakers on the Long Road to the Ludlow Massacre
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2004 Guarding capital: Soldier strikebreakers on the long road to the Ludlow massacre Anthony Roland DeStefanis College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation DeStefanis, Anthony Roland, "Guarding capital: Soldier strikebreakers on the long road to the Ludlow massacre" (2004). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623451. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-d7pf-f181 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GUARDING CAPITAL: Soldier Strikebreakers on the Long Road to the Ludlow Massacre A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Anthony Roland DeStefanis 2004 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. APPROVAL SHEET This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Anthony Roland DeStefanis Approved by the Committee, October 2004 Cindy Hahamovitch, Chair r Judith Ewell Scott R. Nelson David Montgdmeiy Yale University, (Emeritus ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements v Abstract vii Introduction 2 Chapter I. -
PSAC STRIKE MANUAL in Strikes Create an Upward Pressure on Overall Wages, Benefiting the Economy and Everything You Need to Know to Local Communities
STRIKE MANUAL Everything you need to know to plan and execute effective strikes CONTENTS Introduction .............................................4 Everything you need to know to plan and execute effective strikes Labour and strikes ...................................6 The value of our labour Democracy in actio n ................................7 Myth vs Fact : ..............................................7 The right to strike ....................................8 PSAC and strikes .......................................9 Strikes .....................................................11 Different strokes for different folks Bargaining in a time of economic uncertainty ............................14 The collective bargaining process .........14 Produced by the Public Service Alliance of Canada July 2010 233 Gilmour Street Ottawa, ON K2P 0P1 1wSwTRwIK.E pMsAaNcU-AaL fpc.com ISBN: 978-1-896285-22-8 CONTENTS Preparing for a strike .............................16 How to build support from members ...18 Essential Service designation .................19 Member organization ............................19 Building support from day one Establishing committees ........................41 Mobilizing ...............................................21 Efficient and One action at a time effective communications ......................42 Why collective actions? ..........................21 The value of our labour Speaking with – and listening to How to plan actions that work .............22 – our members .........................................43 How PSAC