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12 Othermonarchs.Txt 3/26/2010 Early in His Rule, This Monarch Formed A 12_OtherMonarchs.txt 3/26/2010 Early in his rule, this monarch formed a group with noblemen like Adam Czartoryski and Nikolay Novosiltsev, known as the Private Committee, and the Semyonovsky regiment of his Imperial Guard revolted near the end of his rule. Later, one of his close advisors conceived of a compilation of Russian laws, only achieved after the death of this ruler. Besides Mikhail Speransky, his other advisors included Aleksey Arakcheyev, and the mystic Barbara Juliane von Krüdener, who probably influenced him into forming the Holy Alliance with other European monarchs. He signed an agreement on a raft on the Niemen River with Napoleon, the Treaty of Tilsit. He took over after the assassination of his father Paul, and the secession crisis after his early death between his brothers Constantine and Nicholas I led to the Decembrist revolt. For 10 points, name this czar of Russia who ruled from 1801 to 182** Answer: Alexander I [prompt on partial answer] (09EFT) Children of this monarch included Catherine, who married John III of Portugal, Elizabeth, who married Christian II of Denmark and Mary, who married Louis II of Hungary while power was given to this ruler’s spouse by a meeting at Villafafila. This monarch reigned during the Revolt of the Comuneros, and refused to sign a condemnation of that act by the Bishop of Mallorca. The LadiesPeace of Cambrai was negotiated on behalf of this monarch to marry her daughter, Eleanor. This monarch refused to let the Archbishop Cisernos set up a regency council, but was unsuccessful. This monarch allowed her son to co-rule with her due to her impairment, and after her husband died, she refused to part with his embalmed body. For ten points, identify this wife of Phillip the Handsome, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, and mother of Charles V, who may have suffered from schizophrenia. Answer: Juana the Mad [or Juana of Castile; or Joanna; accept Phillip the Handsome until “Comuneros” is read] (08IO) This man arranged a marriage between his son and Theophano, and granted the Duchy of Spoleto to Pandulf Ironhead. This man appointed William of Mainz to oversee the construction of a Pontifical Book. He was captured at Mainz, and this man stripped power from Conrad and Luitdolf and had his authority restored at the Diet of Auerstadt. This ruler, who defeated Berengar of Ivrea, was also the victor at Reckntiz and Andernach. This man was the brother of the Archbishop of Cologne, and he invaded Italy on the request of Adelaide of Italy, later marrying her and taking the title King of Lombardy. For ten points, identify this son of Henry the Fowler, the victor at the Battle of Lechfeld over the Magyars, the first Holy Roman Emperor. Answer: Otto I (accept Otto the Great before mention; prompt after) (08IO) This man’s claim to part of London forms the basis of the rationing-era film Passport to Pimlico. Although that claim is entirely fictional, in real life he did have very close ties to the English ruling house; he was married to Margaret of York, and gave shelter to her brother, Edward IV, when he was briefly deposed in 1470. He had previously married daughters of the King of France and the Duke of Bourbon. Despite these apparent dynastic successes, upon his death at the hands of Swiss pikemen at (*) Nancy, he left as heir only his daughter, Mary, and, within decades, his realms were split between the Valois and the Habsburgs. For 10 points, name this man whose overreaching ambition to unite the Low Countries with the rest of his domain led to his being effectively the last Duke of Burgundy. Answer: Charles the Bold [or Charles the Rash; or Charles le Temeraire; accept Charles of Burgundy before Burgundy is mentioned] (09PB) Early in his career, this man engineered an election challenged by Peter Cadalus that nearly ended with an invasion, though the attack was thwarted by Godfrey of Lorraine and the intrigue in a foreign court led by Anno. His claims on Corsica, Sardinia, Spain and Hungary led to a kidnapping by Cencio Frangipane and tension with Robert (*) Guiscard. He continued the work of his predecessor, Alexander II, by mandating clerical celibacy, but his more notable acts grew out of an opposition to simony, where a description of this figure as a “false monk” led to some wandering about in the snow. For 10 points, identify this pope at the center of the Investiture controversy, who feuded over temporal authority with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV. Answer: Gregory VII or Hildebrand of Soana (09PB) After allying with Venice and leading a campaign against the Ottoman Empire, he was given control of Walachia and 1 12_OtherMonarchs.txt 3/26/2010 Serbia through the Treaty of Passarowitz, and in a treaty signed in Vienna, he ceded Naples and Sicily in exchange for Parma and Piacenza. This ruler regained territory in Italy through the Treaty of Rastatt, where he renounced his claim to the Spanish throne, and later signed the treaty of The Hague to obtain peace with Spain. The founder of the Ostend Company, he succeeded his brother (*) Joseph. For 10 points, identify this Holy Roman Emperor, the father of Maria Theresa and the issuer of the Pragmatic Sanction. Answer: Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI [accept Charles III of Hungary] (09PB) This man’s son and successor was killed by an anarchist who employed a method called "propaganda by the deed” in response to that man's support for the Bava Beccaris Massacre. Despite personally negotiating with Joseph Radetzky following the Battle of Novara, this man's own chamber of advisers vetoed a favorable treaty, prompting his furious firing of de Launay. He was excommunicated after a victory in which 60,000 of his own troops defeated 10,000 (*) papal troops, the Battle of Castelfidardo. This monarch inspired another man to defeat Francis II at the Battle of Volturno, a victory over the Kingdom of Two Sicilies for the Expedition of a Thousand, led by Red Shirt enthusiast Giuseppe Garibaldi. Aided by his appointment to prime minister of Camillo di Cavour, FTP, identify this father of Umberto I, who became the first king of a unified Italy. Answer: Victor Emanuel II [or Vittorio Emanuele II] (09Terrapin) He was appointed to one position despite the "Eternal Edict,” in direct response to his nation's "disaster year" and that position would again be temporarily abolished at his death. This appointment would lead to the murder of Cornelius and Johan de Witt by his supporters. A separate position would see him subject to the Triennial Act and reliant on the fighting of his (*) Blue Guards. This man's accomplishments while in his most famous position include fighting the War of the Grand Alliance, ending in the Treaty of Ryswick, and he attained that position after accepting the "Declaration of Rights" from Parliament in 168*. FTP, name this English king who came to power following the Glorious Revolution and co-ruled with Queen Mary. Answer: William III or William of Orange (09Terrapin) This figure was the subject of a murder plot by Giampolo Baglioni, whom he deposed along with Giovanni Bentivoglio. In his early career he was outmaneuvered by Ascanio Sforza and another man, prompting this figure to retaliate by convincing Charles VIII to invade Naples. He called on Duke Federigo to help subjugate Citta di Castello, while one effort to limit the power of this man saw a Synod at (*) Tours dictate that this ruler had no right to launch wars against foreign princes. Convening the Fifth Lateran Council, his best-known achievements occurred after negotiations with Louis XI and Maximillian, leading this successor of Pius III to acquire the territories of Rimini and Faenza from the Republic of Venice after forming the Holy League in the War of the League of Cambrai. FTP, identify this opponent of Alexander VI, the “warrior pope” whose patronage of Bramante, Raphael, and Michelangelo saw the creation of works like the Sistine ceiling. Answer: Julius II or Giuliano Della Rovere (09Terrapin) One historical figure with this name barely escaped a wedding ambush in which his father was captured and killed by Petru Aron, and paid the debt of the Mount Athos monastery. That man, who defeated the Tatars at Lipnic and stopped an invasion by Matthias Corvinus with a victory at Baia, made his greatest stand against (*) Mehmed II at Vaslui, halting an Ottoman incursion. Besides that member of the House of Musat, another king with this name received a crown from Silvester II and defeated Koppany at Veszprem, after which he converted to Christianity. That son of Geza and member of the Arpad dynasty is credited with uniting the Magyar tribes. Shared by a Great Moldavian Prince and the first ruler of Hungary, FTP, identify this first name, also shared by the first Christian martyr. Answer: Stephen (09Terrapin) He established special schools for Jews in the region of the Pale of Settlement, and this man's foreign minister Karl Nesselrode signed of mutual assistance with the Ottoman Empire. This man's Minister of People's Enlightenment, Sergei Uvarov, promoted the ideology of "orthodoxy, autocracy and nationality" and he created a secret police under 2 12_OtherMonarchs.txt 3/26/2010 the banner of the "Third Section of the Imperial Chancellory. He was deposed by the (*) Czartoryski-led Sejm in the November Uprising in Poland, and this man died while fighting during the Crimean war. He had earlier suppressed an attempt to overthrow his government by the Decembrists. For 10 points, identify this tsar who came to the throne after a power struggle involving his brother Constantine and who succeeded Alexander I in 182*.
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