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A History of Quantum Physics Through Its Textbooks Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Research and Pedagogy: A History of Quantum Physics through Its Textbooks Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Series Editors Jürgen Renn, Robert Schlögl, Bernard F. Schutz. Edition Open Access Development Team Lindy Divarci, Jörg Kantel, Nina Ruge, Matthias Schemmel, Kai Surendorf. Scientific Board Markus Antonietti, Ian Baldwin, Antonio Becchi, Fabio Bevilacqua, William G. Boltz, Jens Braarvik, Horst Bredekamp, Jed Z. Buchwald, Olivier Darrigol, Thomas Duve, Mike Edmunds, Yehuda Elkana†, Fynn Ole Engler, Robert K. Englund, Mordechai Feingold, Rivka Feldhay, Gideon Freudenthal, Paolo Gal- luzzi, Kostas Gavroglu, Mark Geller, Domenico Giulini, Günther Görz, Gerd Graßhoff, James Hough, Manfred Laubichler, Glenn Most, Klaus Müllen, Pier Daniele Napolitani, Alessandro Nova, Hermann Parzinger, Dan Potts, Sabine Schmidtke, Circe Silva da Silva, Ana Simões, Dieter Stein, Richard Stephenson, Mark Stitt, Noel M. Swerdlow, Liba Taub, Martin Vingron, Scott Walter, Norton Wise, Gerhard Wolf, Rüdiger Wolfrum, Gereon Wolters, Zhang Baichun. Studies 2 Edition Open Access 2017 Research and Pedagogy: A History of Quantum Physics through Its Textbooks Massimiliano Badino, Jaume Navarro (eds.) Edition Open Access 2017 Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Studies 2 Communicated by: Kostas Gavroglu Edited by: Massimiliano Badino, Jaume Navarro Editorial Coordination: Nina Ruge Copyedited by: Jeremiah James with Irene Colantoni, Oksana Kuruts, Jonathan Ludwig, Marius Schneider, Chandhan Srinivasamurthy Cover image: Van Vleck between two fans at 1300 Sterling Hall, University of Wisconsin–Madison, ca. 1930 (picture courtesy of John Comstock). ISBN 978-3-945561-24-9 Published 2017 by Edition Open Access, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science http://www.edition-open-access.de Reprint of the 2013 edition Printed and distributed by PRO BUSINESS digital printing Deutschland GmbH, Berlin Published under Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0 Germany Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/de/ The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. The Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge com- prises four subseries, Studies, Proceedings, Sources and Textbooks. They present research results and the relevant sources in a new format, combining the advantages of traditional publications and the digital medium. The volumes are available both as printed books and as online open access publications. They present original scientific work submitted under the scholarly responsibility of members of the Scientific Board and their academic peers. The volumes of the four subseries and their electronic counterparts are directed at scholars and students of various disciplines, as well as at a broader public interested in how science shapes our world. They provide rapid access to knowledge at low cost. Moreover, by com- bining print with digital publication, the four series offer a new way of publishing research in flux and of studying historical topics or current issues in relation to primary materials that are otherwise not easily available. The initiative is supported, for the time being, by research departments of three Max Planck Institutes, the MPI for the History of Science, the Fritz Haber Institute of the MPG, and the MPI for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute). This is in line with the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities, launched by the Max Planck Society in 2003. Each volume of the Studies series is dedicated to a key subject in the history and development of knowledge, bringing together perspectives from different fields and combining source- based empirical research with theoretically guided approaches. The studies are typically working group volumes presenting integrative approaches to problems ranging from the globalization of knowledge to the nature of spatial thinking. Each volume of the Proceedings series presents the results of a scientific meeting on current issues and supports, at the same time, further cooperation on these issues by offering an electronic platform with further resources and the possibility for comments and interactions. Each volume of the Sources series typically presents a primary source—relevant for the his- tory and development of knowledge—in facsimile, transcription, or translation. The original sources are complemented by an introduction and by commentaries reflecting original schol- arly work. The sources reproduced in this series may be rare books, manuscripts, documents or data that are not readily accessible in libraries and archives. Each volume of the Textbooks series presents concise and synthetic information on a wide range of current research topics, both introductory and advanced. They use the new pub- lication channel to offer students affordable access to high-level scientific and scholarly overviews. The textbooks are prepared and updated by experts in the relevant fields and supplemented by additional online materials. On the basis of scholarly expertise the publication of the four series brings together tradi- tional books produced by print-on-demand techniques with modern information technology. Based on and extending the functionalities of the existing open access repository European Cultural Heritage Online (ECHO), this initiative aims at a model for an unprecedented, Web- based scientific working environment integrating access to information with interactive fea- tures. Contents Contributors .......................................................... 1 1 Pedagogy and Research. Notes for a Historical Epistemology of Science Education Massimiliano Badino and Jaume Navarro ................................. 3 1.1 Transmitting Scientific Knowledge . 3 1.2 Creating Knowers, Creating Facts . 4 1.3 Towards an Epistemological Role for the Pedagogical Text . 8 1.4 Rethinking the History of Quantum Physics . 12 1.5 About This Book . 16 References . 18 2 Sorting Things Out: Drude and the Foundations of Classical Optics Marta Jordi Taltavull ................................................... 23 2.1 Introduction . 23 2.2 Göttingen 1887–1894: From the Optics of Ether to the Electromagnetic Equations . 25 2.3 Leipzig 1894–1900: From Physik des Aethers to Lehrbuch der Optik . 35 2.4 The Lehrbuch der Optik ................................................. 39 2.5 Giessen 1900–Berlin 1906: Development of Lehrbuch der Optik’s Program up to the Second Edition . 51 2.6 Epilogue: Following the Traces of Lehrbuch der Optik ..................... 55 Abbreviations and Archives . 59 Acknowledgments . 59 References . 59 3 Max Planck as Textbook Author Dieter Hoffmann ....................................................... 65 3.1 Planck and Thermodynamics . 65 3.2 Heat Radiation . 66 3.3 The Introduction to Theoretical Physics ................................... 70 3.4 Eight Lectures. 72 3.5 Conclusion. 74 Abbreviations and Archives . 75 References . 75 2 Contents 4 Dissolving the Boundaries between Research and Pedagogy: Otto Sackur’s Lehrbuch der Thermochemie und Thermodynamik Massimiliano Badino ................................................... 77 4.1 Introduction . 77 4.2 The Structure of the Book . 79 4.3 The Reorganization of Knowledge: The Case of Specific Heats . 80 4.4 The Quantum in Quarantine . 82 4.5 Research in the Classroom. 85 4.6 A Pedagogy for Quantum Physics . 88 4.7 Conclusion. 90 Abbreviations and Archives . 92 References . 92 5 Fritz Reiche’s 1921 Quantum Theory Textbook Clayton A. Gearhart .................................................... 97 5.1 Introduction . 97 5.2 Fritz Reiche and Die Naturwissenschaften................................. 98 5.3 Interlude: The Quantum Underground . 99 5.4 Reiche’s Textbook and the State of Quantum Theory in 1921. 102 5.5 Reviews . 106 5.6 Who Read Reiche’s Book? . 107 Abbreviations and Archives . 109 References . 109 6 Sommerfeld’s Atombau und Spektrallinien Michael Eckert ......................................................... 113 6.1 Introduction . 113 6.2 Popular Lectures . 114 6.3 First Reactions . 118 6.4 The Second and Third Editions. 120 6.5 Atombau und Spektrallinien in the United States (1922/23) . 123 6.6 The Fourth Edition . 125 6.7 Conclusion. 128 Abbreviations and Archives . 129 References . 129 7 Kuhn Losses Regained: Van Vleck from Spectra to Susceptibilities Charles Midwinter and Michel Janssen ................................... 133 7.1 Van Vleck’s Two Books and the Quantum Revolution . 133 7.2 Van Vleck’s Early Life and Career. 147 7.3 The NRC Bulletin ...................................................... 149 7.4 New Research and the Move to Wisconsin . 161 7.5 The Theory of Electric and Magnetic Susceptibilities . 164 7.6 Kuhn Losses Revisited . 193 Abbreviations and Archives . 196 Contents 3 Acknowledgments . ..
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