Preface
UNIT 1. PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY
Chapter 1. Introductions
Chapter 2. The Method of Philosophy 2.1 Philosophy and Logic 2.2 Deductive Arguments 2.3 Inductive Arguments 2.4 Fallacious Arguments 2.5 Conditions and Analysis 2.6 Moral Reasoning
Chapter 3. True for You, But Not For Me 3.1 Moral Interpretation 3.2 Doxastic Interpretation 3.3 Epistemic Interpretation 3.4 Semantic Interpretation 3.5 Metaphysical Interpretation
Chapter 4. Reading Philosophy 4.1 Determining the Thesis 4.2 Reconstructing the Argument 4.3 How to Use this Text
Chapter 5. Writing Philosophy 5.1 The Goal of a Philosophy Paper 5.2 The Evaluation of a Philosophy Paper 5.3 The Content of a Philosophy Paper 5.4 The Structure of a Philosophy Paper
UNIT 2: FOUNDATIONS OF ETHICS
Chapter 6. Moral Facts Readings 6.1 "Moral Nihilism," Gilbert Harmon 6.2 "Values in a Scientific World," Russ Shafer-Landau 6.3 "Four Arguments against Moral Knowledge," Russ Shafer-Landau
Chapter 7. Morality and Authority Readings 7.1 "Does Morality Depend upon Religion?" John Arthur 7.2 "Humanistic Ethics," Kai Nielsen 7.3 "Master and Slave Moralities," Friedrich Nietzsche 7.4 "Moral Relativism," Gilbert Harman 7.5 "Ethical Relativism and Ethical Absolutism," Paul Taylor
Chapter 8. Moral Responsibility Readings 8.1 "The Impossibility of Moral Responsibility," Galen Strawson 8.2 "Freedom and Necessity," A. J. Ayer 8.3 "Human Freedom and the Self," Roderick Chisholm 8.4 "Existentialism Is a Humanism," Jean-Paul Sartre
Chapter 9. Why Be Moral? Readings 9.1 "The Virtue of Selfishness," Ayn Rand 9.2 "Three Failed Arguments for Ethical Egoism," James Rachels 9.3 "Right and Wrong," Thomas Nagel 9.4 "A Reconciliation Project," Gregory Kavka
UNIT 3. NORMATIVE ETHICS
Chapter 10. Value and The Good Life Readings 10.1 "The Meaning of Life," Richard Taylor 10.2 "The Experience Machine," Robert Nozick 10.3 "What Makes Someone's Life Go Best," Derek Parfit
Chapter 11. Consequentialism Readings 11.1 "Utilitarianism," John Stuart Mill 11.2 "Against Moral Conservatism," Kai Nielsen 11.3 "Some Merits of One Form of Rule Utilitarianism," Richard B. Brandt 11.4 "Turning the Trolley," Judith Jarvis Thomson
Chapter 12. Nonconsequentialism Readings 12.1 "Natural Law," ISaint Thomas Aquinas 12.2 "Natural Law Ethics," Alfonso Gomez-Lobo 12.3 "The Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals," Immanuel Kant 12.4 "What Makes Right Acts Right," W.D. Ross 12.5 "Hypothetical Contractarianism," John Rawls 12.6 "Non-Contractual Society: A Feminist View," Virginia Held
Chapter 13. Virtue and Care Ethics Readings 13.1 "Virtue," Aristotle, translated by W.D. Ross 13.2 "Aristotle on Virtue," Rosalind Hursthouse 13.3 "Moral Saints," Susan Wolf 13.4 "Care and Context in Moral Reasoning," IMarilyn Friedman 13.5 "The Ethics of Care as Moral Theory," Virginia Held
UNIT 4. APPLIED ETHICS
Chapter 14. The Moral Community Readings 14.1 "All Animals are Equal," Peter Singer 14.2 "The Ethics of Respect for Nature," Paul Taylor 14.3 "Are All Species Equal?," David Schmidtz
Chapter 15. Abortion Readings 15.1 "An Argument that Abortion Is Wrong," Don Marquis 15.2 "On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion," Mary Ann Warren 15.3 "A Defense of Abortion," Judith Jarvis Thomson 15.4 "Caring for Women and Girls Who Are Considering Abortion," Diana Fritz Cates
Chapter 16. The Environment and Sustainability Readings 16.1 "Sustainability and Intergenerational Justice," Brian Barry 16.2 "Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments," Thomas E. Hill, Jr. 16.3 "Do We Consume Too Much?" Mark Sagoff 16.4 "Redefining the Good Life in a Sustainable Society," Lester W. Milbrath
Chapter 17. Famine Relief Readings 17.1 "Famine, Affluence and Morality," Peter Singer 17.2 "Famine Relief and the Ideal Moral Code," John Arthur 17.3 "Feeding the Hungry," Jan Narveson
Chapter 18. Terrorism Readings 18.1 "Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses," Michael Walzer 18.2 "Is Terrorism Distinctively Wrong?" Lionel K. McPherson 18.3 "The War on Terrorism and the End of Human Rights," David Luban
Chapter 19. Torture Readings 19.1 "Is Torture Ever Morally Justifiable?" Seumas Miller 19.2 "Ticking Bombs, Torture, and the Analogy with Self-Defense," David J. Hill
Chapter 20. Euthanasia Readings 20.1 "Active and Passive Euthanasia," James Rachels 20.2 "Active and Passive Euthanasia: An Impertinent Distinction?" Thomas D. Sullivan 20.3 "Self-Regarding Suicide: A Modified Kantian View," Thomas E. Hill, Jr. 20.4 "Buddhist Views of Suicide and Euthanasia," Carl B. Becker
Chapter 21. Capital Punishment Readings 21.1 "Justifying Capital Punishment," Igor Primoratz 21.2 "The Case Against the Death Penalty," Hugo Bedau
Chapter 22. Morality and the Law Readings 22.1 "The Harm Principle," John Stuart Mill 22.2 "Morals and the Criminal Law," Patrick Devlin 22.3 "France and the Ban on the Full-Face Veil: A Philosophical Analysis of the Arguments," Sarah Roberts-Cady 22.4 "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom: A Closer Look," Helen E. Longino 22.5 "The Feminist Case Against Pornography," Joel Feinberg
Glossary Argument Reconstruction Exercise Solutions Index