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2016 GLOBAL INDEX BY SEVERITY Iceland Russian Federation Sweden Finland Canada Norway Denmark United Neth. INTERNATIONAL Ireland Kingdom Poland Germany FOOD POLICY Bel. Czech Rep. RESEARCH Lux. Austria INSTITUTE Switz. Hungary IFPRI France Slov. Italy Bos. & N. Korea Kyrgyz Rep. United States Herz. Mont. Mace. Azerb. Japan of America S. Korea Spain Portugal Greece Cyprus Israel Bhutan Libya Bahrain Qatar Saudi Western Sahara U.A.E Arabia Lao Dominican Rep. PDR Belize Eritrea Extremely alarming 50.0 ≤ Chad Gambia Alarming 35.0–49.9 -Bissau Trinidad & Tobago Guinea Serious 20.0–34.9 Côte Central South African d'Ivoire Sudan Brunei Republic Moderate 10.0–19.9 French Guiana Low ≤ 9.9 Equatorial Guinea Congo, Rep. Insufficient data, significant concern* Papua Congo, Dem. New Insufficient data Rep. Guinea

Industrialized countries

*See Box 2.1, www.ifpri.org/ghi/2016 Timor-Leste Source: Authors. Note: For the 2016 GHI, 2014–2016 data on the proportion of undernourished are provisional; data on child stunting Swaziland Australia and wasting are for the latest year in the period 2011–2015 for which data are available; and data on are for 2015. GHI scores were not calculated for countries for which data were not available and for certain countries with small populations. Currently no countries 46.1 46.1 fall in the extremely alarming category. 44.3

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on

New Zealand 39.0 this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Welthunger- 36.9 35.4 35.0 35.0 34.8

hilfe (WHH), or Concern Worldwide. 34.3 33.7 33.4 33.4 32.8 32.7

Recommended citation: “Figure 2.4: 2016 Global Hunger Index 31.7 31.4 31.0 30.7 by Severity.” Map in 2016 Global Hunger Index: Getting to Zero 30.0 28.8 28.6 28.5 28.4 , by K. von Grebmer, J. Bernstein, D. Nabarro, N. Prasai, 28.1 28.1 28.1

Hunger 27.4 27.4 27.1 26.9 26.6 26.4 25.7

S. Amin, Y. Yohannes, A. Sonntag, F. Patterson, O. Towey, and J. 25.5 25.5

Thompson. 2016. Bonn, Washington, DC, and Dublin: Welthun- 24.2 23.2 23.0 22.9 22.7 22.4 22.1 22.0 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9 gerhilfe, International Food Policy Research Institute, and Concern 21.7 20.9 20.7

Worldwide. 19.9 16.5 16.5 15.4 14.5 14.5 13.9 13.9 13.8 13.7 13.3 13.2 13.2 13.1 12.3 12.0 11.9 11.8 11.8 11.2 11.1 10.4 10.4 10.1 9.8 9.7 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.1 8.7 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.2 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.7 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.3 Fiji Iran Iraq Mali Peru Togo Haiti Chad India Niger Egypt China Oman Nepal Benin Kenya Serbia Gabon Ghana Jordan Yemen Angola Bolivia Algeria Liberia Mexico Malawi Guinea Nigeria Tunisia Zambia Guyana Georgia Albania Gambia Uganda Lesotho Senegal Djibouti Rwanda Panama Jamaica Ecuador Vietnam Uruguay Armenia Moldova Ethiopia Bulgaria Morocco Namibia Pakistan Lebanon Malaysia Thailand Lao PDR Romania Tanzania Paraguay Mongolia Myanmar Colombia Mauritius Sri Lanka Suriname Honduras Botswana Tajikistan Indonesia Cameroon Cambodia Nicaragua Venezuela Swaziland Zimbabwe Guatemala Mauritania Uzbekistan Philippines El Salvador Kazakhstan Bangladesh Madagascar Timor-Leste Afghanistan Côte d'Ivoire South Africa Sierra Leone Mozambique Burkina Faso Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Kyrgyz Republic Slovak Republic Macedonia, FYR Republic of Congo Trinidad & Tobago Russian Federation CONCEPT OF THE GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX

The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is based on four component indicators: proportion of undernourished and the prevalence of wasting and stunting in children—do not capture premature death as the most tragic consequence >> UNDERNOURISHMENT: the proportion of undernourished people as a of hunger, the under-five mortality rate is also included. percentage of the population (reflecting the share of the population with The Global Hunger Index goes beyond dietary energy availability to reflect insufficient caloric intake); the multidimensional causes and manifestations of hunger. Inequitable resource allocations between households and within households are also >> CHILD WASTING: the proportion of children younger than age five who taken into consideration since the latter affect the physical well-being of chil- suffer from wasting (low weight for height, reflecting acute undernutrition); dren. Sufficient food availability at the household level does not guarantee that all members benefit from it in equal measure. The GHI varies between >> CHILD STUNTING: the proportion of children younger than age five who are stunted (low height for age, reflecting chronic undernutrition); and the best possible score of 0 and the worst possible score of 100. Higher scores indicate greater hunger—the lower the score, the better the country’s >> CHILD MORTALITY: the mortality rate of children younger than age situation. GHI scores above 20 are considered serious; scores greater than five (partially reflecting the fatal synergy of inadequate nutrition and 35 are alarming; and scores exceeding 50 are extremely alarming. unhealthy environments). The calculation of GHI scores is restricted to countries where measuring hunger is considered most relevant. Most higher-income countries are not Combining the proportion of undernourished in the population with the included because the indicators used to calculate the GHI are best-suited to indicators relating to children under age five ensures that both the food reflect the hunger and nutrition circumstances in developing countries, and supply situation of the population as a whole and the effects of inadequate because much of these data are not collected regularly for the countries of nutrition on a physiologically very vulnerable group are captured. Children’s the developed world. nutritional status deserves particular attention because a deficiency of nutri- ents places them at high risk of physical and mental impairment and death. For more information, visit www.welthungerhilfe.de, www.ifpri.org, and www. For many children in developing countries who die from infectious diseases, concern.net. the indirect cause of death is a weakened immune system due to a lack of dietary energy, vitamins, and minerals. Since the first three indicators—the

INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE IFPRI