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2017 GLOBAL INDEX BY SEVERITY

Greenland Iceland Finland Russian Federation Sweden Canada Norway United Denmark Kingdom Neth. Poland Ireland Germany Bel. Lux. Czech Rep. France Austria Hungary Switz. Slov. Italy Bos. & N. Korea Herz. Mont. Kyrgyz Rep. United States Spain Mace. Azerb. Japan S. Korea of America Portugal Greece Cyprus Extremely alarming 50.0 ≤ Israel Alarming 35.0–49.9 Bhutan Serious 20.0–34.9 Libya Bahrain Qatar Taiwan Moderate 10.0–19.9 Saudi Western Sahara Arabia U.A.E Hong Kong Low ≤ 9.9 Lao Dominican Rep. PDR Insufficent data, significant concern* Belize Insufficient data Chad Eritrea Gambia Not calculated** -Bissau Trinidad & Tobago Guinea Viet Nam *See Box 2.1 for details **See Chapter 1 for details Côte Central South d'Ivoire African Sudan Brunei French Guiana Republic Equatorial Guinea Congo, Singapore Papua Source: Authors. Rep. Congo, New Guinea Note: For the 2017 GHI, data on the proportion of un- Dem. Rep. dernourished are for 2014–2016; data on child stunt- ing and wasting are for the latest year in the period Timor-Leste 2012–2016 for which data are available; and data on are for 2015. GHI scores were not cal- culated for countries for which data were not available and for certain countries with small populations. The boundaries and names shown and the designa- tions used on this map do not imply official endorse- Swaziland ment or acceptance by the International Food Policy Australia Research Institute (IFPRI), Welthungerhilfe (WHH), or Concern Worldwide. Recommended citation: “Figure 2.5: 2017 Global Extremely alarming 50.0 ≤ Hunger Index by Severity.” Map in 2017 Global Hunger Alarming 35.0–49.9 Index: The Inequalities of Hunger, by K. von Grebmer, Serious 20.0–34.9 J. Bernstein, N. Hossain, T. Brown, N. Prasai, Y. Yo- Moderate 10.0–19.9 hannes, F. Patterson, A. Sonntag, S.-M. Zimmermann, 50.9

O. Towey, and C. Foley. 2017. Bonn, Washington, DC, Low ≤ 9.9 New Zealand

and Dublin: Welthungerhilfe, International Food Policy 43.5 Insufficent data, significant concern* Research Institute, and Concern Worldwide. 38.5 38.3 Insufficient data 38.2 36.1 35.5 35.3 34.5 34.3 34.2 33.8 33.3 32.6 32.5 32.3 Not calculated** 32.0 31.4 31.4 31.4 30.6 30.5 28.8 28.7 28.6 28.6 28.2 27.6 27.5

*See Box 2.1 for details 27.2 26.5 26.5 25.7 25.6 25.5 25.5 **See Chapter 1 for details 25.2 24.4 24.4 24.1 23.2 22.9 22.6 22.5 22.2 22.1 22.0 22.0 21.2 21.0 20.7 20.0 18.4 17.2 16.2 16.0 14.7 14.4 14.3 13.8 13.7 13.6 13.4 13.3 13.2 13.1 13.0 12.2 11.6 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.0 10.6 10.2 10.2 9.9 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.2 8.7 8.1 8.1 8.0 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.2 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 Fiji Iran Iraq Mali Peru Rep. Togo Haiti India Chad Niger Egypt Brazil China Nepal Oman Benin Kenya Serbia Sudan Gabon Ghana Jordan Angola Yemen Bolivia Algeria Liberia Mexico Malawi Guinea Nigeria Tunisia Zambia Guyana Georgia Albania Uganda Gambia Lesotho Senegal Djibouti Rwanda Panama Jamaica Ecuador Moldova Armenia Ethiopia Bulgaria Morocco Namibia Pakistan Lebanon Malaysia Thailand Lao PDR Romania Tanzania Paraguay Mongolia Myanmar Colombia Mauritius Sri Lanka Argentina Botswana Honduras Suriname Tajikistan Indonesia Cameroon Cambodia Nicaragua Venezuela Swaziland Zimbabwe Costa Rica Mauritania Guatemala Uzbekistan Philippines El Salvador Kazakhstan Bangladesh Timor- Leste Madagascar Afghanistan Côte d'Ivoire South Africa Sierra Leone Mozambique Burkina Faso Turkmenistan Guinea- Bissau Central African Kyrgyz Republic Macedonia, FYR Republic of Congo Trinidad & Tobago Russian Federation CONCEPT OF THE GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is based on four component indicators: and the prevalence of wasting and stunting in children—do not capture prema- ture death as the most tragic consequence of hunger, the under-five mortality >> UNDERNOURISHMENT: the proportion of undernourished people as a percent- rate is also included. age of the population (reflecting the share of the population with insufficient The Global Hunger Index goes beyond dietary energy availability to reflect the caloric intake); multidimensional causes and manifestations of hunger. Inequitable resource allo- cations between households and within households are also taken into consid- >> CHILD WASTING: the proportion of children younger than age five who suffer eration since the latter affect the physical well-being of children. Sufficient food from wasting (low weight-for-height, reflecting acute undernutrition); availability at the household level does not guarantee that all members benefit from it in equal measure. The GHI varies between the best possible score of 0 >> CHILD STUNTING: the proportion of children younger than age five who are stunted (low height-for-age, reflecting chronic undernutrition); and and the worst possible score of 100. Higher scores indicate greater hunger—the lower the score, the better the country’s situation. GHI scores at or above 20 are >> CHILD MORTALITY: the mortality rate of children younger than age five (partially considered serious; scores at or above 35 are alarming; and scores at or above reflecting the fatal synergy of inadequate nutrition and unhealthy environments). 50 are extremely alarming. The GHI is calculated for countries where data on all four component indica- Combining the proportion of undernourished in the population with the indi- tors are available and measuring hunger is most relevant. Most higher-income cators relating to children under age five ensures that both the food supply sit- countries are not included because the indicators used to calculate the GHI are uation of the population as a whole and the effects of inadequate nutrition on best suited to reflect the hunger and nutrition circumstances in low- and a physiologically very vulnerable group are captured. Children’s nutritional sta- ­middle-income countries, and because much of these data are not collected tus deserves particular attention because a deficiency of nutrients places them ­regularly for higher-income countries. In addition, GHI scores are not calculated at high risk of physical and mental impairment and death. For many children for certain countries with small populations nor for certain nonindependent ­entities in developing countries who die from infectious diseases, the indirect cause of or territories. death is a weakened immune system due to a lack of dietary energy, vitamins, and minerals. Since the first three indicators—the proportion of undernourished For more information, visit www.globalhungerindex.org.