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Wildlife Trade Survey Report 2017

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Wildlife Trade Survey Report 2017 Published by Photo: © GIZ/Rene Roesler Wildlife trade survey report 2017 Published by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany Integrated Nature Conservation and Sustainable Resource Management in the Hin Nam No Region (GIZ-HinNamNo component) Protection and Sustainable Use of Forest Ecosystems and Biodiversity (ProFEB programme) Chomphet Village, Thakhek District Khammouane Province T +856 51 214 175 F +856 51 214 175 As at April 2018 Photo credits GIZ-HinNamNo/ Max Lehmann & Leonie Ebert Text Contributions of Max Lehmann & Leonie Ebert from Cologne University do not necessarily represent the position of GIZ. On behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) 1 Wildlife trade survey report 2017 – Executive summary In the frame of bachelor theses two students from Cologne University, Leonie Ebert and Max Lehmann, studied the wildlife trade in Khammouane province with special emphasis on wildlife originating from Hin Nam No NPA from 12/10 to 22/11/17. L. Ebert studied herpetofauna and M. Lehmann mammals. All known markets as well as food stalls on roadsides suspected to sell wildlife in the vicinity of Hin Nam No NPA and highways 12 &13 to and in Thakhek were visited to attain a complete picture of the wildlife trade in the area and find out about trade routes from Hin Nam No NPA. Special emphasis was put on the markets of Langkhang and Boualapha. In total 15 places were visited: Thakhek’s Lak 2 & Lak 3 and Nabo markets, Namdik, Ban Kok, Panam, Mahaxay, Langkang, Boualapha and both Gnommalath markets. Also a supermarket in Mahaxay and 3 road side food stalls were visited. Traded wildlife was found on 10 markets, 2 food stalls and supermarket. Also door-to door trade was observed. Herpetofauna In total 8 frog species and 7 reptile species were found. With approx. 2600 found specimens Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Chinese edible frog) was the by far the most frequently encountered frog species, while Malayemys subtrijuga (Mekong snail-eating turtle) was the most frequently encountered reptile species (46 specimens). Other frog species found were Fejervarya limnocharis (Asian grass frog) (ca. 2000), Microhyla berdmorei (Large pygmy frog) (>> 1000), Hylarana nigrovittata (Sap-green stream frog) (ca. 600), Occidozyga martensii (Round-tongued floating frog) (ca. 500), Occidozyga lima (Green puddle frog) (ca. 70), Rana johnsi (John’s frog) (12), Odorrana morafkai (Morafkai’s frog). Besides Malayemys subtrijuga, other reptile species found were Heosemys grandis (Giant Asian pond turtle) (3 specimen), Ptyas korros (Indochinese rat snake) (6), Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra) (3), Physignathus cocincinus (Chinese water dragon), Varanus salvator (Asian water monitor) (1), and V. nebulosus (Clouded monitor) (1). Both turtles and King Cobras are listed as “Vulnerable” by IUCN. Mammals Traded mammals were mainly Long-tailed giant rats (Leopoldamys sp.) (7 specimen), but among others also 3 Black giant squirrels (“Near Threatened”), a Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) (“Threatened”) and a Red-shanked douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus) (“Vulnerable”) were found. Also an otter, a live leopard cat and a live juvenile macaque were encountered. 25.8% of all found mammal species are listed as at least “Near Threatened” in the IUCN Red List and are listed in Appendix 1 or 2 of CITES. According to the prime minister’s decree number 118/CCM, which regulates hunting rules and protection of wild animals in Laos, 51.6% of all found mammals are listed as endangered. Close to Hin Nam No NPA the percentage of mammals on the IUCN Red List and the CITES appendices as well as the decree 118/CCM rose to 42.9% and 57.1%, respectively. Langkhang and Boualapha were identified as hotspot for wildlife trade with Hin Nam No NPA named as the source of the animals. It seems that for many (bigger) animals traders start to avoid the public sale and hide the animals in locked refrigerators (seen in Boualapha) or circumvent the markets entirely by selling directly to the customers. Still many animals are sold publicly, with total lacking awareness of the traders and consumers, even though warning signs are in place at many markets. Also, local people seem to prefer the meat of wild animals to that of bred animals and are willing to pay a higher prices. ບົດລາຍງານການສໍາຫຼວດການຄ້າສັດປ່າປີ 2017 - ບົດສະຫຼຼຸບຫຍ 㛉 ໃນບົດທະຍານິພົນປະລິນຍາຕີີີີຂອງນັກຮຽນສອງທ່ານ ມາຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລ ໂຄໂລນ, ທ່ານ ນາງ ແລວໂອນີີ ເອເບີີຣທ ແລະ ທ່ານ ແມັກ ເລມານ ໄດ້ສຶກສາກ່ຽວກັບການຄ້າສັດປ່າໃນແຂວງຄໍາມ່ວນ ໂດຍເນັັ້ນສະເພາະສັດປ່າທີີີ່ມາຈາກປ່າສະຫງວນແຫ່ງ ຊາດຫີີນໜາມໜ 㛈 ເລີີີ່ມແຕ່ວັນທີີ 12/10 ຫາ 22/11/2017. ທ່ານ ນາງ ແລວໂອນີີ ເອເບີີຣທ ໄດ້ສຶກສາກ່ຽວກັບສັດເຄິີ່ງບົກ ເຄິີ່ງນໍ㛉າ ແລະ ທ່ານ ແມັກ ເລມານ ໄດ້ສຶກສາກ່ຽວກັບ ສັດລ້ຽງລູກດວ້ຍນໍ㛉ານົມທີີີ່ຄ້າຍຄືກັບມະນຸດ (ສັດຕະກຸນລິງ) ໄດ້ມີີການໄປສໍາຫຼວດຕະຫຼາດທັງໝົດທີີີ່ຮູ້ຈັກ ລວມທັງຮ້ານຂາຍອາຫານນ້ອຍຕາມແຄມທາງທີີີ່ສົງໄສວ່າມີີາການຊືັ້-ຂາຍສັດປ່າໃນ ເຂດບ ລິເວນໃກ້ຄຽງປ່າສະຫງວນແຫ່ງຊາດຫີີນໜາມໜ㛈 ແລະ ຕາມເສັັ້ນທາງເລກທີີ 12 ແລະ ເສັັ້ນທາງເລກທີີ 12 ແລະ ພາຍໃນ ຕົວເມືອງທ່າແຂກ ເພືີ່ອໃຫ້ໄດ້ຮູບພາບທີີີ່ສົມບູນຄົບຖວ້ນກ່ຽວກັບການຊືັ້-ຂາຍສັດປ່າພາຍໃນພືັ້ນທີີີ່ ແລະ ຫາຂ 㛉ມູນກ່ຽວກັບ ເສັັ້ນທາງການຄ້າສັດປ່າຈາກປ່າສະຫງວນແຫ່ງຊາດຫີີນໜາມໜ 㛈. ໂດຍເນັັ້ນສະເພາະແມ່ນສັດປ່າທີີີ່ວາງຂາຍຕາມຕະຫຼາດໃນເຂດ ກຸ່ມບ້ານລັງຄັງ ແລະ ເມືອງ ບົວລະພາ ເຊິີ່ງໄດ້ມີີການໄປສໍາຫຼວດທັງໝົດມີີ 15 ບ່ອນ: ຕະຫຼາດຫຼັກສອງ ແລະ ຫຼັກສາມ, ຕະຫຼາດ ນາໂບ, ຕະຫຼາດນໍ㛉າດິກ, ບ້ານ ກອກ, ຕະຫຼາດປ່າໜາມ, ຕະຫຼາດມະຫາໄຊ, ແລະ ຮ້ານຂາຍ 3 ບ່ອນຕາມເສັັ້ນທາງ. ການຊືັ້-ຂາຍ ສັດປ່າໄດ້ມີີຢູ່ໃນຕະຫຼາດຈໍານວນ 10 ບ່ອນ ແລະ ຮ້ານຕາມເສັັ້ນທາງ 2 ບ່ອນ. ນອກຈາກນັັ້ນ ກ 㛈ຍັງໄດ້ສັງເກດເຫັນການຊືັ້-ຂາຍ ສັດປ່າແບບສົງຈາກບ້ານຜູ້ຂາຍ ຫາ ບ້ານຜູ້ຊືັ້ອີີກດວ້ຍ. ສັດເຄິີ່ງບົກເຄິີ່ງນໍ㛉າ ສໍາຫຼວດເຫັນສາຍພັນກົບລວມທັງໝົດ 8 ຊະນິດ ແລະ ສາຍພັນສັດເລືອຄານທັງໝົດ 7 ຊະນິດ ເຊິີ່ງມີີເຫັນປະມານ 2600 ຕົວຢ່າງຂອງກົບສາຍພັນ Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (ກົບນາ) ທີີີ່ພົບເຫັນຫຼາຍທີີີ່ສຸດ ພ້ອມຍັງພົບເຫັນສັດເລືອຄານ ປະເພດເຕົາ Malayemys subtrijug (Mekong snail-eating turtle) ຫຼາຍອີີກ (46 ວຢ່າງ).ຕົ ສ່ວນສາຍພັນກົບ ຊະນິດອືີ່ນໆກ 㛈ໄດ້ພົບເຊັນດຽວກັນເຊັນວ່າ: Fejervarya limnocharis (Asian grass frog) (ca. 2000), Microhyla berdmorei (Large pygmy frog) (>> 1000), Hylarana nigrovittata (Sap-green stream frog) (ca. 600), Occidozyga martensii (Round-tongued floating frog) (ca. 500), Occidozyga lima (Green puddle frog) (ca. 70), Rana johnsi (John’s frog) (12), Odorrana morafkai (Morafkai’s frog). ນອກຈາກນັັ້ນ ເຕົາ Malayemys subtrijuga, ກ 㛈ຍັງໄດ້ພົບເຫັນຊະນິດພັນສັດເລືອຄານປະເພດອືີ່ນໆອີີກເຊັນວ່າ: ເຕົາ Heosemys grandis (Giant Asian pond turtle) (3 ຕົວຢ່າງ), ງູສິງ Ptyas korros (Indochinese rat snake) (6 ໂຕ), ງູເຫງົາ Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra) (3 ໂຕ), ກະປອມ Physignathus cocincinus (Chinese water dragon), ແລນ Varanus salvator (Asian water monitor) (1 ໂຕ) ແລະ ແລນ V. nebulosus (Clouded monitor) (1 ໂຕ). ທັງເຕົາ ແລະ ງູເຫົງແມ່ນຂືັ້ນໃນບັນຊີີລາຍຊືີ່ຂອງອົງການ IUCN “ສັດເກືອບຢູ ໃນກຸ່ມສັດທີີີ່ໃກ້ສູນພັນ” ສັດທີີີ່ລ້ຽງລູກດວ້ຍນໍ㛉ານົມ ສັດທີີີ່ລ້ຽງລູກດວ້ຍນໍ㛉ານົມທີີີ່ໄດ້ມີີການຊືັ້-ຂາຍສ່ວນໃຫ່ຍແມ່ນໄດ້ພົບເຫັນສັດຈໍາພວກ ໜູ Long-tailed giant rats ຫຼື (Leopoldamys sp.) (ມີີ 7 ຕົວຢ່າງ), ແຕ່ວ່າສັດປະເພດອືີ່ນກ 㛈ມີີພົບເຫັນຂາດ່າງ (Black giant squirrels) 3 ໂຕ (ໄກ້ ຖືກໄພຂົມຂູ່), ລີີງລົມ 1 ໂຕ ຊືພາສາອັງກິດ Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) (“ຖືກໄພຂົມຂູ່”) ແລະ ຂາແດງ 1 ໂຕ ຊືີ່ພາສາອັງກິດ Red-shanked douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus) ຖືກວ່າເປັນສັດປະເພດ “ສັດ ເກືອບຢູນໃນຄ່າຍສັດທີີີ່ໃກ້ສູນພັນ”. ນອກຈາກນັັ້ນ ກ 㛈ຍັງໄດ້ພົບເຫັນ ນາກນໍ㛉າ 1 ໂຕ, ເສືອແມວ leopard cat 1 ໂຕ ແລະ ລິງ ນ້ອຍ juvenile macaque 1 ໂຕທີີຍັງມີີຊີີວິດ. 25.8%ຂອງຈໍານວນຊະນິດພັນສັດທີີີ່ລ້ຽງລູກດວ້ຍນໍ㛉ານົມໄດ້ຂືັ້ນບັນຊີີແດງ ອົງກການ IUCN ຢ່າງໜ້ອຍຖືກວ່າເປັນສັດໃກ້ຖືກໄພຂົມຂູ່ ແລະ ຂືັ້ນບັນຊີີໃນເອກະສານຊ້ອນທ້າຍ 1 ຫຼື 2 ຂອງ CITES. ອີີງ ຕາມດໍາລັດນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີີ ສະບັບເລກທີີ 118/... ເຊິີ່ງກໍານົດກົດລະບຽບການລ່າ ແລະ ການປົກປັກຮັກສາສັດປ່າໃນປະເທດ ລາວ. 51.6% ຂອງສັດລ້ຽງລູກດວ້ຍນໍ㛉ານົມທີີີ່ໄດ້ສໍາຫຼວດເຫັນທັງໝົດແມ່ນໄດ້ລະບຸໄວ້ໃນບັນຊີີສັດທີີີ່ໃກ້ສູນພັນ. ໃກ້ກັບປ່າ ສະຫງວນແຫ່ງຊາດຫີີນໜາມໜ㛈 ເປີເຊັນຂອງສັດລ້ຽງລູກດ້ວຍນໍ㛉ານົມໃນບັນຊີີແດງຂອງ IUCN ແລະ ເອກະສານຊ້ອນທ້າຍຂອງ ບັນຊີີ CITES ແລະ ດໍາລັດ 118 ໄດ້ເພີີີ່ມຂືັ້ນ 42.9% ແລະ 57.1% ຕາມລໍາດັບ. ຈຸດສຸມລັງຄັງ ແລະ ເມືອງ ບົວລະພາໄດ້ຖືກໍານົດເປັນຈຸດທີີີ່ສໍາຄັນທີີີ່ສຸດສໍາລັບການຄ້າສັດປ່າໃກ້ກັບປ່າສະຫງວນແຫ່ງຊາດຫີີນ ໜາມໜ 㛈 ເນືີ່ອງຈາກເປັນແຫຼ່ງທີີີ່ມາຂອງສັດປ່າ ເຊິີ່ງອາດຈະມີີພ 㛈ຄ້າສັດປ່າຂະໜາດໃຫ່ຍຈໍານວນຫຼາຍ ເລີີີ່ມຕົັ້ນທີີີ່ຈະລີີກລ້ຽງການ ຂາຍໃນສະຖານທີີີ່ສາທາລະນະ ແລະ ເຊືີ່ອງສັດປ່າໄວ້ໃນຕູ້ເຢັນໄວ້ (ພົບເຫັນໃນເມືອງບົວລະພາ) ຫຼື ລີີກລ້ຽງການຂາຍໃນ ຕະຫຼາດທັັ້ງໝົດໂດຍການລັກຂາຍໃຫ້ກັບລູກຄ້າ ຫຼື ຜູ້ຊືັ້ໂດຍກົງເລີີຍ ແຕ່ວ່າຍັງມີີສັດປ່າຈໍານວນຫຼາຍວາງຂາຍຢ່າງເປີດເຜີີຍ ໂດຍ ຂາດການປູກຈິດສໍານືກໃຫ້ກັບຜູ້ຊືັ້ ແລະ ຜູ້ຂາຍສັດປ່າ ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າມີີປ້າຍສັນຍາລັກຕິດຕັັ້ງຕາມບັນດາຕະຫຼາດຕ່າງໆ. ນອກຈາກ ນັັ້ນ, ປະຊາຊົນທ້ອງຖິີ່ນອາດຈະມັກເນືັ້ອສັດປ່າຫຼາຍກວ່າສັດລ້ຽງ ແລະ ຍິນດິນທີີີ່ຈະຍອມຈ່າຍໃນລາຄາສູງ. Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Methods ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Results ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................... 8 Recommendations ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Annex ............................................................................................................................................................
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