DOCSLIB.ORG

The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy By Rebecca Mateer School of Engineering University of Liverpool January 2020 The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship Abstract Although modern warships routinely operate with on-board helicopters, the effect of the ship superstructure aerodynamics on the flying environment around the ship is generally not considered in the design process. The modern warship is now well designed for stealth in warfare, but the now bulkier, smooth-sided and sharp-edged superstructures create a significant disturbance to the oncoming wind, resulting in turbulent flow features in the lee of the ship, most often across the stern where the ship’s flight deck is located. Such conditions, coupled with hot exhaust gases from the ship’s gas turbine engines, ever- changing weather resulting in various sea-states, sea-spray, rain, fog, etc. create a potentially very hazardous operational environment. In addition, as the launch of unmanned aircraft (UA) vehicles from the flight deck is becoming commonplace, their successful launch and recovery is also directly impacted by the scale of the turbulent flow features in the vicinity of the flight deck. Through the use of time-accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), this thesis addresses the impact of modern warship aerodynamics on helicopter and UAV operations. Full-scale, time-accurate, unsteady airwakes have been produced for an early design of the UK Royal Navy’s new Global Combat Ship (GCS), the Type 26 City-Class, and its predecessor, the Type 23 Duke-Class. The larger, stealthier design of the GCS has been shown to produce a more aggressive airwake compared with its predecessor, resulting in higher turbulence levels across the flight deck and greater aerodynamic loading on a helicopter. The larger main mast of the GCS also has a clear effect on the accuracy of the ship’s anemometer readings when compared with Type 23 thereby making it difficult to determine if the wind conditions are safe for helicopter launch and recovery. Simulation of the Type 23 and GCS exhaust gas efflux has shown that the more turbulent airwake of the GCS aids the cooling and dispersion of the ship’s exhaust gases with air temperatures above the flight deck being comparatively lower for the GCS in headwind and Green 30 wind-over-deck (WOD) conditions. As such, the dispersing engine exhaust plume of Type 23 presents a greater threat to the helicopter. Detailed analysis of the air flow around the GCS main mast has shown how CFD can be used to predict flow distortion at the ship’s anemometers. Issues with current practice for positioning anemometers on bulky main mast structures, detailed in the defence standard, DEFSTAN 00-133 Part 2, have been highlighted. Findings show that the defence standard should be modified to take account of the new ship geometries that are emerging; at the least, anemometers should be placed as high up the mast structure as possible on yard arms of suitable length. Additionally, an appropriately placed aft anemometer is recommended to yield more accurate wind measurements from astern. Analysis of the exhaust gas dispersion from the GCS has shown that significant cooling of the plume is achieved through the hot exhaust gases mixing with the ship’s turbulent airwake, but elevated, unsteady temperatures are present in the vicinity of the flight deck, particularly in the port side hover position in a Green 30 WOD, that can adversely affect an operating helicopter. The addition of an eductor to the exhaust outlet does reduce temperatures above the flight deck, but the temperatures remain elevated and unsteady. A new method for simulating the launch of lightweight unmanned aircraft into the turbulent CFD-generated ship airwake has been also developed. The simulation environment has shown potential for developing Unmanned Aircraft (UA) for maritime applications, for developing appropriate flight controllers, and for developing appropriate launch and recovery operational procedures. i The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship Acknowledgements Following on from a thoroughly enjoyable undergraduate degree at the University of Liverpool, the opportunity to continue my studies and embark upon a PhD journey was one that I could not pass upon, and for that opportunity, Prof Ieuan Owen and Prof Mark White, I am so grateful. I would like to thank you both for your endless patience, selflessness and encouragement throughout what has been a difficult but rewarding few years. Very early on in my studies, I coined the term, ‘Work-Dads’, for you both, at first light-heartedly for your wise words and ever worsening Dad jokes, but reflecting upon the past few years, in the most endearing of ways you have at many times been more than just supervisors, and for that, I will always be so grateful. Thank you. Having the opportunity to work with BAE Systems Surface Ships, in particular, Niven McDowell, Kevin Brown and Geoff Roach, on the Royal Navy’s Type 26 City-Class frigate, was a highlight and is the contribution to which I am most proud of. Working alongside such a well-established industrial partner, learning so much in the process and providing a little bit of that expertise gained along the way has been a pleasure. Thank you. Particular thanks also go to Dr Linghai Lu for his expert help in producing a FlightLab model of a UAV system for a part of my research and Neil Cameron for his assistance in adding an automated control system – you have both been invaluable, thank you. Another special mention must also go to Denise Stewart, for her wise words, encouragement, always being there to talk to when needed, and never failing to make me laugh, even on a bad day – thank you! For all of the wonderful people I have had the pleasure of navigating PhD life with, firstly, Sarah Scott and Michael Kelly, for showing me the ropes and imparting your wisdoms at the beginning of my studies, you were both so patient and nothing was ever too much, thank you. Wajih Memon, for all of your help with everything sim related, you have been integral to the completion of my studies, thank you so very much. To you three and to the rest of my PhD team; Jade Adams-White, Chris Dadswell, Neale Watson, Josie Roscoe, Matt Hudson, Nick Fernandez and Isaac Stephens, thank you so much for the hours of thought-provoking conversation, hugs and support when they were needed, countless laughs and all the AJ trips in between! This whole experience was made by you. Finally, to my parents, Yvonne and Darren, who have always encouraged me to push myself to achieve whatever I have set out to, I would not have gotten to where I am today without the unconditional love and support you both continue to give me. I love you. Thank you. ii The Aerodynamics of a Modern Warship Table of Contents Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... ii Nomenclature .......................................................................................................................... vi Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 Background............................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. Historical Context ............................................................................................. 2 1.1.2. Naval Aviation ................................................................................................... 4 1.1.3. Wind Measurement ......................................................................................... 6 1.1.4. Characteristics of a Modern Warship ............................................................... 8 1.1.5. Helicopter-enabled Warships ......................................................................... 11 1.1.5.1. Superstructure Aerodynamics: Stealth vs. Aviation? .............................. 14 Chapter 2. Computational Fluid Dynamics for Ship Airwake Modelling ............................ 17 Modelling of Ship Airwakes with CFD ..................................................................... 17 CFD Methodology ................................................................................................... 19 2.2.1. The Governing Equations ............................................................................... 19 2.2.2. Turbulence Modelling .................................................................................... 20 2.2.3. Thermal Energy Modelling ............................................................................. 21 2.2.4. Discretization Schemes ................................................................................... 22 CAD Geometry ........................................................................................................ 23 2.3.1. Preparation of CAD ......................................................................................... 23 2.3.2. Domain Shape and Sizing ............................................................................... 26 Mesh Generation ...................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Operation Kipion: Royal Navy Assets in the Persian by Claire Mills Gulf
    BRIEFING PAPER Number 8628, 6 January 2020 Operation Kipion: Royal Navy assets in the Persian By Claire Mills Gulf 1. Historical presence: the Armilla Patrol The UK has maintained a permanent naval presence in the Gulf region since October 1980, when the Armilla Patrol was established to ensure the safety of British entitled merchant ships operating in the region during the Iran-Iraq conflict. Initially the Royal Navy’s presence was focused solely in the Gulf of Oman. However, as the conflict wore on both nations began attacking each other’s oil facilities and oil tankers bound for their respective ports, in what became known as the “tanker war” (1984-1988). Kuwaiti vessels carrying Iraqi oil were particularly susceptible to Iranian attack and foreign-flagged merchant vessels were often caught in the crossfire.1 In response to a number of incidents involving British registered vessels, in October 1986 the Royal Navy began accompanying British-registered vessels through the Straits of Hormuz and in the Persian Gulf. Later the UK’s Armilla Patrol contributed to the Multinational Interception Force (MIF), a naval contingent patrolling the Persian Gulf to enforce the UN-mandated trade embargo against Iraq, imposed after its invasion of Kuwait in August1990.2 In the aftermath of the 2003 Iraq conflict, Royal Navy vessels, deployed as part of the Armilla Patrol, were heavily committed to providing maritime security in the region, the protection of Iraq’s oil infrastructure and to assisting in the training of Iraqi sailors and marines. 1.1 Assets The Type 42 destroyer HMS Coventry was the first vessel to be deployed as part of the Armilla Patrol, followed by RFA Olwen.
    [Show full text]
  • 4 R.A.N. SHIPS OVERSEAS to JUNE 194 0 URING the First Ten Months Of
    CHAPTER 4 R.A.N. SHIPS OVERSEAS TO JUNE 194 0 URING the first ten months of the war, those Australian ships not D retained on the home station were employed in Imperial dispositions in widely separated areas . The first six months found Perth in Central American waters, mainly engaged in the dual task of protecting trade — especially the important tanker traffic in the Caribbean—and preventin g the escape of German merchant ships sheltering in neutral ports of th e islands and the Isthmus . Last of the three expansion-program cruiser s acquired from Britain, she had commissioned at Portsmouth on the 29th June 1939 as H .M.A. Ship under "Fighting Freddie " Farncomb, a studious , coolly-efficient officer whose nickname, bestowed during the war, reflected the confidence and esteem of the lower deck . Perth sailed from Portsmouth on the 26th July for Australia via th e Panama Canal, and reached New York, where she represented Australi a at the World Fair, on the 4th August. On the 21st of the month, after twelve days of American hospitality, she arrived at Kingston, Jamaica, an d was to have sailed for Panama on the 23rd, but in the early morning o f that date Farncomb received a signal sent to the Admiralty by the Com- mander-in-Chief, America and West Indies—Vice-Admiral Meyrick' — asking that Perth might remain on the station . Farncomb thereupon can- celled his sailing arrangements, thus anticipating an Admiralty signa l received later in the day directing him to "return Kingston and awai t further orders " .
    [Show full text]
  • AEROSPACE July Cover.Indd
    www.aerosociety.com ‘X’ MARKS THE SPOT ONBOARD THE A350 AS IT ENTERS FINAL TESTING August 2014 CIVIL UAVs AND THE LAW SYRIA’S AIR FORCE HONEYWELL AT 100 YEARS THE NATIONAL AEROSPACE LIBRARY FARNBOROUGH FULL LIBRARY CATALOGUE NOW AVAILABLE ONLINE. VISIT WWW.AEROSOCIETY.COM/NAL TO BROWSE THE COLLECTION The National Aerospace Library houses an extensive collection devoted to aeronautics, aviation and aerospace technology. This includes: › Over 20,000 aeronautical books › A vast collection of key aviation journals › Over 40,000 technical reports › Extensive holdings of Air Publications, ATA handling notes and air accident reports › Extensive current holdings of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Documents / Annexes / Circulars › Notices to Airmen / The Air Pilot / UK Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) › A complete set of Jane’s All The World’s Aircraft › Historically important past minutes of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors / Aerospace Companies (SBAC) Council and its various committees dating from 1916-2000 › Located at Farnborough Business Park, in the former Royal Aircraft Establishment Building now known as ‘The Hub’ www.aerosociety.com/nal The National Aerospace Library The Hub, Fowler Avenue, T +44 (0)1252 701038 Opening hours Farnborough Business Park, E [email protected] Tuesday - Friday 10:00 - 16:00 Farnborough, Hants GU14 7JP www.aerosociety.com/nal United Kingdom Volume 41 Number 8 August 2014 Boeing Green dreams Honeywell Honeywell at 100 Boeing tests of Future technology new environmental under development at performance technology 20 Honeywell. 28 on a series of different aircraft platforms. Contents Correspondence on all aerospace matters is welcome at: The Editor, AEROSPACE, No.4 Hamilton Place, London W1J 7BQ, UK [email protected] Comment Regulars 4 Radome 12 Transmission The latest aviation and Your letters, emails, tweets aeronautical intelligence, and feedback.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Career Guide
    ROYAL NAVAL RESERVE Your career guide YOUR ROLE | THE PEOPLE YOU’LL MEET | THE PLACES YOU’LL GO WELCOME For most people, the demands of a job and family life are enough. However, some have ambitions that go beyond the everyday. You may be one of them. In which case, you’re exactly the kind of person we’re looking for in the Royal Naval Reserve (RNR). The Royal Naval Reserve is a part-time force of civilian volunteers, who provide the Royal Navy with the additional trained people it needs at times of tension, humanitarian crisis, or conflict. As a Reservist, you’ll have to meet the same fitness and academic requirements, wear the same uniform, do much of the same training and, when needed, be deployed in the same places and situations as the regulars. Plus, you’ll be paid for the training and active service that you do. Serving with the Royal Naval Reserve is a unique way of life that attracts people from all backgrounds. For some, it’s a stepping stone to a Royal Navy career; for others, a chance to develop skills, knowledge and personal qualities that will help them in their civilian work. Many join simply because they want to be part of the Royal Navy but know they can’t commit to joining full-time. Taking on a vital military role alongside your existing family and work commitments requires a great deal of dedication, energy and enthusiasm. In return, we offer fantastic opportunities for adventure, travel, personal development and friendships that can last a lifetime.
    [Show full text]
  • Rum Tub September
    Volume 8, Issue 4 September 2019 The Rum Tub or Norrie’s Editorial Nocturnal and Nautical By Shipmate Norrie Millen Natter Hi! Shipmates, said in February issue trouble normally comes In this issue Iin three’s, that is unless your name is Millen! I Editorial ........................................ 1 guess I have not reached my target yet as yet AB George Hinckley VC ................... 2-3 another mishap occurred just before James ‘Danny’ Back in the days of tanners & bobs ... 3 Humour ........................................ 3 Keay’s funeral. As funeral cortege was arriving, I felt HMS Kelly –Witness Reports ............. 5-8 dizzy and went to sit in my car for a few minutes. William Hoste KCB .......................... 8 (11) SBS v SAS ..................................... 9-11 never reached the car, but dropped like a lead balloon William Hoste KCB continued ............ 11-12 I and tried to dent the curb stone with my head but failed! Blacked out and spent time in Queen Alexandra’s hospital in Cosham. Pay special attention to the wording and fter almost 24 hours in hospital with blood pressure spelling. If you know the bible even a Acheck every hour throughout the night, cat scans, x- little, you'll find this hilarious! It comes rays etc., they discharged me at 1515 on Friday. They put from a catholic elementary school test. The last one is the best. blackout down to an extremely low and dangerous level of Kids were asked questions about the old blood pressure. The ER Doctor has consulted with my GP and new testaments. The following as I have a history of these dizzy spells and I have to have statements about the bible were written this low blood pressure issue investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • D 32 Daring [Type 45 Batch 1] - 2011
    D 32 Daring [Type 45 Batch 1] - 2011 United Kingdom Type: DDG - Guided Missile Destroyer Max Speed: 28 kt Commissioned: 2011 Length: 152.4 m Beam: 21.2 m Draft: 7.4 m Crew: 190 Displacement: 7450 t Displacement Full: 8000 t Propulsion: 2x Wärtsilä 12V200 Diesels, 2x Rolls-Royce WR-21 Gas Turbines, CODOG Sensors / EW: - Type 1045 Sampson MFR - Radar, Radar, Air Search, 3D Long-Range, Max range: 398.2 km - Type 2091 [MFS 7000] - Hull Sonar, Active/Passive, Hull Sonar, Active/Passive Search & Track, Max range: 29.6 km - Type 1047 - (LPI) Radar, Radar, Surface Search & Navigation, Max range: 88.9 km - UAT-2.0 Sceptre XL - (Upgraded, Type 45) ESM, ELINT, Max range: 926 km - IRAS [CCD] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Visual, LLTV, Target Search, Slaved Tracking and Identification, Max range: 185.2 km - IRAS [IR] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Infrared, Infrared, Target Search, Slaved Tracking and Identification Camera, Max range: 185.2 km - IRAS [Laser Rangefinder] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Laser Rangefinder, Laser Rangefinder, Max range: 0 km - Type 1046 VSR/LRR [S.1850M, BMD Mod] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Radar, Radar, Air Search, 3D Long-Range, Max range: 2000.2 km - Radamec 2500 [EO] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Visual, Visual, Weapon Director & Target Search, Tracking and Identification TV Camera, Max range: 55.6 km - Radamec 2500 [IR] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Infrared, Infrared, Weapon Director & Target Search, Tracking and Identification Camera, Max range: 55.6 km - Radamec 2500 [Laser Rangefinder] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Laser Rangefinder, Laser Rangefinder for Weapon Director, Max range: 7.4 km - Type 1048 - (LPI) Radar, Radar, Surface Search w/ OTH, Max range: 185.2 km Weapons / Loadouts: - Aster 30 PAAMS [GWS.45 Sea Viper] - Guided Weapon.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Introduction
    Notes 1 Introduction 1. Donald Macintyre, Narvik (London: Evans, 1959), p. 15. 2. See Olav Riste, The Neutral Ally: Norway’s Relations with Belligerent Powers in the First World War (London: Allen and Unwin, 1965). 3. Reflections of the C-in-C Navy on the Outbreak of War, 3 September 1939, The Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 1939–45 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990), pp. 37–38. 4. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 10 October 1939, in ibid. p. 47. 5. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 8 December 1939, Minutes of a Conference with Herr Hauglin and Herr Quisling on 11 December 1939 and Report of the C-in-C Navy, 12 December 1939 in ibid. pp. 63–67. 6. MGFA, Nichols Bohemia, n 172/14, H. W. Schmidt to Admiral Bohemia, 31 January 1955 cited by Francois Kersaudy, Norway, 1940 (London: Arrow, 1990), p. 42. 7. See Andrew Lambert, ‘Seapower 1939–40: Churchill and the Strategic Origins of the Battle of the Atlantic, Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 (1994), pp. 86–108. 8. For the importance of Swedish iron ore see Thomas Munch-Petersen, The Strategy of Phoney War (Stockholm: Militärhistoriska Förlaget, 1981). 9. Churchill, The Second World War, I, p. 463. 10. See Richard Wiggan, Hunt the Altmark (London: Hale, 1982). 11. TMI, Tome XV, Déposition de l’amiral Raeder, 17 May 1946 cited by Kersaudy, p. 44. 12. Kersaudy, p. 81. 13. Johannes Andenæs, Olav Riste and Magne Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo: Aschehoug, 1966), p.
    [Show full text]
  • A Front Line Cutting Edge
    Oct 11 Issue 41 desthe magazine for defenceider equipment and support A front line cutting edge Land vehicles in focus – successes on Operation Herrick See inside Range London More Chinooks Ammunition Abbey Wood rovers calling on the way deal backed pedal power 10,000ways to a more buildsECuRE u.K. THIS IS HOW LOCKHEED MARTIN U.K. Lockheed Martin has delivered critical programmes in the U.K. over many decades. Collaborating with defence and civilian government customers at more than a dozen facilities across the country, we are developing affordable solutions to answer some of our customers’ most complex problems. We and our suppliers represent over 10,000 individuals dedicated to delivering security and well-being to the U.K. Working collaboratively to strengthen the economy and defence of the U.K. is all a question of how. And it is the how that Lockheed Martin U.K. delivers. lockheedmartin.co.uk 300-61848_10000Ways_DES.indd 1 9/7/11 2:05 PM FEATURES 22 Dragon set to fight fire with fire Dragon, the latest of the Type 45 destroyers, has been handed over to the Royal Navy. The fourth ship in the series of six sailed into Portsmouth to be accepted off contract in a ceremony on 31 August 24 Ammunition contract is value for money DE&S' innovative deal to supply ammunition to the UK Armed Forces for training and operations is providing good value for money, says an review carried out by a Government efficiency organisation Picture: PO (Phot) Hamish Burke 26 Minister becomes a 'range rover' Staff at a weapons testing range in the islands
    [Show full text]
  • D 32 Daring [Type 45 Batch 1] - 2015 Harpoon
    D 32 Daring [Type 45 Batch 1] - 2015 Harpoon United Kingdom Type: DDG - Guided Missile Destroyer Max Speed: 28 kt Commissioned: 2015 Length: 152.4 m Beam: 21.2 m Draft: 7.4 m Crew: 190 Displacement: 7450 t Displacement Full: 8000 t Propulsion: 2x Wärtsilä 12V200 Diesels, 2x Rolls-Royce WR-21 Gas Turbines, CODOG Sensors / EW: - Type 1045 Sampson MFR - Radar, Radar, Air Search, 3D Long-Range, Max range: 398.2 km - Type 2091 [MFS 7000] - Hull Sonar, Active/Passive, Hull Sonar, Active/Passive Search & Track, Max range: 29.6 km - Type 1047 - (LPI) Radar, Radar, Surface Search & Navigation, Max range: 88.9 km - UAT-2.0 Sceptre XL - (Upgraded, Type 45) ESM, ELINT, Max range: 926 km - IRAS [CCD] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Visual, LLTV, Target Search, Slaved Tracking and Identification, Max range: 185.2 km - IRAS [IR] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Infrared, Infrared, Target Search, Slaved Tracking and Identification Camera, Max range: 185.2 km - IRAS [Laser Rangefinder] - (Group, IR Alerting System) Laser Rangefinder, Laser Rangefinder, Max range: 0 km - Type 1046 VSR/LRR [S.1850M, BMD Mod] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Radar, Radar, Air Search, 3D Long-Range, Max range: 2000.2 km - Radamec 2500 [EO] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Visual, Visual, Weapon Director & Target Search, Tracking and Identification TV Camera, Max range: 55.6 km - Radamec 2500 [IR] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Infrared, Infrared, Weapon Director & Target Search, Tracking and Identification Camera, Max range: 55.6 km - Radamec 2500 [Laser Rangefinder] - (RAN-40S, RAT-31DL, SMART-L Derivative) Laser Rangefinder, Laser Rangefinder for Weapon Director, Max range: 7.4 km - Type 1048 - (LPI) Radar, Radar, Surface Search w/ OTH, Max range: 185.2 km Weapons / Loadouts: - Aster 30 PAAMS [GWS.45 Sea Viper] - Guided Weapon.
    [Show full text]
  • Hms Ark Royal 1970-1073
    849B FLIGHT now proceeded to the Norwegian Sea for Exercise " Royal Knight". This was more or less a repeat of " Northern Wedding" with "B" Flight conducting surface search missions and also giving early warning of raids coming off the Norwegian mainland once the ship was within striking range. The remainder of the year was spent in the Medi- terranean, where we once again met with the U.S.S. Independence. Following an exercise in which the two carriers mounted long range attacks on one another there was a cross operating phase, but un- fortunately "B" Flight was limited to one Gannet doing three roller landings on Independence's deck without actually hooking on. Just prior to Ark's visit to Malta the Gannets carried out a successful ship plot of three soviet warships which had been shadow- ing Ark Royal, but they were quickly forgotten at the prospect of a Christmas "rabbit run" in Malta. On passage home the ship visited Gibraltar for a weekend, and whilst there the Flight participated in the "Top of the Rock" race. The Officers were spon- sored by the Wardroom to carry the Flight Mascot —a large blue teddy bear called "Argo"—to the top of the rock, and although he finished 51st he did raise a useful sum of money for the Gibraltar Society "BALLOON MAIL" for Handicapped Children. Lieutenant Adams prepares to leave H.M.S. Ark At the beginning of 1972 the Flight was beginning Royal in his hot air balloon "Bristol Belle", on an to get used to its somewhat nomadic way of life, air mail run to Malta—just visible in the background.
    [Show full text]
  • Defence and Security After Brexit Understanding the Possible Implications of the UK’S Decision to Leave the EU Compendium Report
    Defence and security after Brexit Understanding the possible implications of the UK’s decision to leave the EU Compendium report James Black, Alex Hall, Kate Cox, Marta Kepe, Erik Silfversten For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1786 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., and Cambridge, UK © Copyright 2017 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: HMS Vanguard (MoD/Crown copyright 2014); Royal Air Force Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4, A Chinook Helicopter of 18 Squadron, HMS Defender (MoD/Crown copyright 2016); Cyber Security at MoD (Crown copyright); Brexit (donfiore/fotolia); Heavily armed Police in London (davidf/iStock) RAND Europe is a not-for-profit organisation whose mission is to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org www.rand.org/randeurope Defence and security after Brexit Preface This RAND study examines the potential defence and security implications of the United Kingdom’s (UK) decision to leave the European Union (‘Brexit’).
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio De Mesquita Filho” Universidade Estadual De Campinas Pontifícia Universidade Católica De São Paulo
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS SAN TIAGO DANTAS – UNESP, UNICAMP E PUC-SP JOÃO VITOR TOSSINI A presença militar do Reino Unido no Atlântico Sul: os interesses geoestratégicos britânicos na região (1990-2016) São Paulo 2021 JOÃO VITOR TOSSINI A presença militar do Reino Unido no Atlântico Sul: os interesses geoestratégicos britânicos na região (1990-2016) Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Relações Internacionais San Tiago Dantas, da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) e da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), como exigência para obtenção do título de Mestre em Relações Internacionais, na área de concentração “Paz, Defesa e Segurança Internacional”, na linha de pesquisa “Pensamento Estratégico, Defesa e Política Externa”. Orientador: Samuel Alves Soares. São Paulo 2021 JOÃO VITOR TOSSINI A presença militar do Reino Unido no Atlântico Sul: os interesses geoestratégicos britânicos na região (1990-2016) Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Relações Internacionais San Tiago Dantas, da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) e da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), como exigência para obtenção do título de Mestre em Relações Internacionais, na área de concentração “Paz, Defesa e Segurança Internacional”, na linha de pesquisa “Pensamento Estratégico, Defesa e Política Externa”. Orientador: Samuel Alves Soares. BANCA EXAMINADORA Prof. Dr. Samuel Alves Soares (Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”) Prof. Dr. Luís Alexandre Fuccille (Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”) Prof.
    [Show full text]