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Hong Kong Official Title: Hong Kong Special Administration Region General Information
Hong Kong Official Title: Hong Kong Special Administration Region General Information: Capital Population (million) 7.474n/a Total Area 1,104 km² Currency 1 CAN$=5.791 Hong Kong $ (HKD) (2020 - Annual average) National Holiday Establishment Day, 1 July 1997 Language(s) Cantonese, English, increasing use of Mandarin Political Information: Type of State Type of Government Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Bilateral Product trade Canada - Hong Kong 5000 4500 4000 Balance 3500 3000 Can. Head of State Head of Government Exports 2500 President Chief Executive 2000 Can. Imports XI Jinping Carrie Lam Millions 1500 Total 1000 Trade 500 Ministers: Chief Secretary for Admin.: Matthew Cheung 0 Secretary for Finance: Paul CHAN 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Statistics Canada Secretary for Justice: Teresa CHENG Main Political Parties Canadian Imports Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB), Democratic Party from: Hong Kong (DP), Liberal Party (LP), Civic Party, League of Social Democrats (LSD), Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People’s Livelihood (HKADPL), Hong Kong Federation of Precio us M etals/ stones Trade Unions (HKFTU), Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong (BPA), Labour M ach. M ech. Elec. Party, People Power, New People’s Party, The Professional Commons, Neighbourhood and Prod. Worker’s Service Centre, Neo Democrats, New Century Forum (NCF), The Federation of Textiles Prod. Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions, Civic Passion, Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union, HK First, New Territories Heung Yee Kuk, Federation of Public Housing Estates, Specialized Inst. Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood, Democratic Alliance, Kowloon East Food Prod. -
2012 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ELECTION NOMINATIONS for GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTITUENCIES (NOMINATION PERIOD: 18-31 JULY 2012) As at 5Pm, 26 July 2012 (Thursday)
2012 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ELECTION NOMINATIONS FOR GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTITUENCIES (NOMINATION PERIOD: 18-31 JULY 2012) As at 5pm, 26 July 2012 (Thursday) Geographical Date of List (Surname First) Alias Gender Occupation Political Affiliation Remarks Constituency Nomination Hong Kong Island SIN Chung-kai M Politician The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 YEUNG Sum M The Honorary Assistant Professor The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 CHAI Man-hon M District Council Member The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 CHENG Lai-king F Registered Social Worker The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 LEUNG Suk-ching F District Council Member The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 HUI Chi-fung M District Council Member The Democratic Party 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island HUI Ching-on M Legal and Financial Consultant 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island IP LAU Suk-yee Regina F Chairperson/Board of Governors New People's Party 18/7/2012 WONG Chor-fung M Public Policy Researcher New People's Party 18/7/2012 TSE Tsz-kei M Community Development Officer New People's Party 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island LAU Kin-yee Miriam F Solicitor Liberal Party 18/7/2012 SHIU Ka-fai M Managing Director Liberal Party 18/7/2012 LEE Chun-keung Michael M Manager Liberal Party 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island LO Wing-lok M Medical Practitioner 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island LAU Gar-hung Christopher M Retirement Benefits Consultant People Power 18/7/2012 SHIU Yeuk-yuen M Company Director 18/7/2012 AU YEUNG Ying-kit Jeff M Family Doctor 18/7/2012 Hong Kong Island CHUNG Shu-kun Christopher Chris M Full-time District Councillor Democratic Alliance -
Executive Counsel Limited Political Risk Report No.4: Post 2016 Legislative Council Election Debrief
Executive Counsel Limited Political Risk Report No.4: Post 2016 Legislative Council Election DeBrief The 6th Legislative Council Makeup and Comparison with the 5th Legislative Council Pro-Beijing Pan-Democrats (24,-3) Localists/Self Determination (40,-2) (6,+5) Democratic Alliance for the Democratic Party (7,+1) Youngspiration (2, +2) Betterment and Progress of Hong Civic Party (6, +/-0) Civic Passion (1, +1) Kong (12, -1) Prof. Commons (2, +/-0) Demosisto (1, +1) Business & Professional Alliance (7, Labour Party (1, -3) Independent (2,+2) +/-0) People Power (1, -1) Proletariat Political Institute (0, -1) Federation of Trade Union (5, -1) League of Soc. Dem. (1, +/-0) Liberal Party (4, -1) Neighbourhood and Workers New People Party (3,+1) Services Centre (1,+/-0) New Forum (1) Independents (5, +2) The Federation of HK and Kowloon Association for Democracy and Labour Unions (1) People’s Livelihood (0, -1) Independents (7,+/-0) Neo Democrats (0, -1) Total Vote : 871,016 (40%) Total Vote : 775,578 (35%) Total Vote: 409,025 (19%) Legend: (Total Seats, Change (+/-)) Executive Counsel Limited’s Analysis Key Features • 2,202,283 votes casted, turnout rate 58.58% (+5%) • DAB is still the largest party in the Council (12 seats) , followed by Democratic Party and BPA (both 7 seats). • Average age of legislators decreases from 54 to 46.6 years old; Nathan Law of Demosisto (aged 23) becomes the youngest legislator in Hong Kong history, and will turn 54 in 2047 Localist Candidates From the overall vote gain, localist and pro-self-determination parties proved our comments in Harbour Times* that they are not simply a political quirk. -
Hong Kong: in the Name of National Security Human Rights Violations Related to the Implementation of the Hong Kong National Security Law
HONG KONG: IN THE NAME OF NATIONAL SECURITY HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HONG KONG NATIONAL SECURITY LAW Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 10 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2021 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2021 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: ASA 17/4197/2021 June 2021 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 1. BACKGROUND 3 2. ACTS AUTHORITIES CLAIM TO BE ‘ENDANGERING NATIONAL SECURITY’ 5 EXERCISING THE RIGHT OF PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY 5 EXERCISING THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 7 EXERCISING THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION 9 ENGAGING IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ADVOCACY 10 3. HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS ENABLED BY THE NSL 12 STRINGENT THRESHOLD FOR BAIL AND PROLONGED PERIOD OF PRETRIAL DETENTION 13 FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT 15 RETROACTIVITY 16 SPECIALLY APPOINTED JUDGES 16 RIGHT TO LEGAL COUNSEL 17 ADEQUATE TIME AND FACILITIES TO PREPARE A DEFENCE 17 4. -
Contemporary Hong Kong Government and Politics Expanded Second Edition
Contemporary Hong Kong Government and Politics Expanded Second Edition Edited by Lam Wai-man Percy Luen-tim Lui Wilson Wong Hong Kong University Press 14/F Hing Wai Centre 7 Tin Wan Praya Road Aberdeen Hong Kong www.hkupress.org © Hong Kong University Press 2007, 2012 First published 2007 Expanded second edition 2012 ISBN 978-988-8139-47-7 All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmit- ted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound by Condor Production Ltd., Hong Kong, China Contents Contributors vii Acronyms and Abbreviations xi Chapter 1 Political Context 1 Lam Wai-man Part I: Political Institutions 23 Chapter 2 The Executive 27 Li Pang-kwong Chapter 3 The Legislature 45 Percy Luen-tim Lui Chapter 4 The Judiciary 67 Benny Y.T. Tai Chapter 5 The Civil Service 87 Wilson Wong Chapter 6 District Councils, Advisory Bodies, and Statutory 111 Bodies Jermain T.M. Lam PART II: Mediating Institutions and Political Actors 133 Chapter 7 Mobilization and Confl icts over Hong Kong’s 137 Democratic Reform Sing Ming and Tang Yuen-sum vi Contents Chapter 8 Political Parties and Elections 159 Ma Ngok Chapter 9 Civil Society 179 Elaine Y.M. Chan Chapter 10 Political Identity, Culture, and Participation 199 Lam Wai-man Chapter 11 Mass Media and Public Opinion 223 Joseph M. -
A/HRC/48/NGO/«Assignednumber» General Assembly
United Nations A/HRC/48/NGO/«AssignedNumber» General Assembly Distr.: General XX August 2021 English only Human Rights Council Forty-eighth session 13 September–1 October 2021 Agenda item 4 Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention Written statement* submitted by Human Rights Now, a non- governmental organization in special consultative status The Secretary-General has received the following written statement which is circulated in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31. [22 August 2021] * Issued as received, in the language(s) of submission only. A/HRC/48/NGO/«AssignedNumber» The Collapse of Civil Society Organizations in Hong Kong Over the last several months in Hong Kong, following relentless harassment, threats, retaliations, and arbitrary punishment by authorities, a flood of civil society organizations (CSOs) have disbanded out of fear of further arbitrary arrests and harassment. The environment of fear created by the government has led to a striking and widespread collapse of civil society voices in Hong Kong, making effective CSO action all but impossible. As Chief Executive Carrie Lam recently summarized the situation, for CSOs crossing “red lines”, “the only choice … is disbandment”.[1] This development only demonstrates the government’s clear violation of its obligation to respect and protect freedom of expression and association enshrined in its Basic Law. I. A List of Disbanded CSOs A representative list of CSOs disbanded in 2021 follows. However, this is far from a complete list, -
The 2017 Election Reforms (Update)
Prospects for Democracy in Hong Kong: The 2017 Election Reforms (Update) (name redacted) Specialist in Asian Affairs July 1, 2015 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44031 Prospects for Democracy in Hong Kong: The 2017 Election Reforms (Update) Summary The United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-383) declares that, “Support for democratization is a fundamental principle of U.S. foreign policy. As such, it naturally applies to United States policy toward Hong Kong.” China’s law establishing the Hong Kong Special Administration Region (HKSAR), commonly referred to as the “Basic Law,” declares that “the ultimate aim” is the selection of Hong Kong’s Chief Executive (CE) and Legislative Council (Legco) by universal suffrage. The year 2015 may be a pivotal year for making progress toward the objectives of both of these laws. It could also be a year in which the democratic aspirations of many Hong Kong residents remain unfulfilled. Hong Kong’s current Chief Executive, Leung Chun-ying, initiated a six-step process in July 2014 whereby Hong Kong’s Basic Law could be amended to allow the selection of the Chief Executive by universal suffrage in 2017. On August 31, 2014, China’s National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) completed the second step of the reform process when it issued a decision setting comparatively strict conditions on the adoption of universal suffrage for the 2017 CE elections that seemingly preclude the nomination of a pro-democracy candidate. The third step of the process, the CE submitting legislation to Legco to amend the Basic Law, came on June 17. -
Persistent Political Engagement: Social Interactions and the Dynamics of Protest Movements
Persistent Political Engagement: Social Interactions and the Dynamics of Protest Movements Leonardo Bursztyn Davide Cantoni David Y. Yang Noam Yuchtman Y. Jane Zhang* June 2019 Abstract We test whether participation in one protest within a political movement increases subsequent protest attendance, and why. To identify an effect of protest participation, we randomly, in- directly incentivize Hong Kong university students into participation in an antiauthoritarian protest. To identify the effects of social interactions, we randomize the intensity of this treat- ment across major-cohort cells. We find that experimentally-induced protest participation is significantly associated with protest attendance one year later, though political beliefs and preferences are unaffected. Persistent political engagement is greatest among individuals in the cells with highest treatment intensity, suggesting that social interactions sustained persis- tent political engagement. Keywords: Political movements, social interactions JEL Classification: D74, P0 *Bursztyn: University of Chicago and NBER. Email: [email protected]. Cantoni: Ludwig-Maximilians- Universitat¨ Munich, CEPR, and CESifo. Email: [email protected]. Yang: Harvard University and J-PAL. Email: [email protected]. Yuchtman: LSE, NBER, and CESifo. Email: [email protected]. Zhang: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Email: [email protected]. Helpful and much appreciated suggestions, critiques and encouragement were provided by Dan Berkowitz, Andrei Shleifer, seminar participants at Cambridge, Harvard, Heidelberg, Imperial, INSEAD, Northeastern, NUS, Oxford, Pompeu Fabra, Sussex, Yale, Zurich, and conference par- ticipants in Munich and Atlanta (ASSA). Raymond Han, Moritz Leitner, Glen Ng, Aakaash Rao, and Meggy Wan provided excellent research assistance. Cantoni acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement n. -
Survey: English
Survey on 2016 Legislative Council Elections Public Governance Programme, Lingnan University Hello! We are from Lingnan University. We are conducting a survey on 2016 Legislative Council Elections. Is your number XXXX XXXX ? Among your household members, how many of them are registered voters? Yes, enter the number and find the computer-chosen one for interview. No, interview stops and say “thank you”. The survey is a part of an important research project. It is a bit long and will last for more than 15 minutes. Are you ok with that? 1. How interested would you say you are in politics? Are you very interested, somewhat interested, not very interested, or not at all interested? (1) Very interested (2) Somewhat interested (3) Not very interested (4) Not at all interested (7) Refused to answer (8) Don’t know 2. How closely do you follow politics on TV, radio, newspapers, or the Internet? Very closely, fairly closely, not very closely, or not at all? (1) Very closely (2) Fairly closely (3) Not very closely (4) Not at all (7) Refused to answer (8) Don’t know Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, neither agree nor disagree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree with each of the following statements. 3. [Do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, neither agree nor disagree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree with the following statement:] You feel you understand the most important political issues of this country. (1) Strongly agree (2) Somewhat agree (3) Neither agree nor disagree (4) Somewhat disagree (5) Strongly disagree (7) Refused to answer (8) Don’t know 4. -
Berekashvili-Politics-Of-Memory-In
მეხსიერების პოლიტიკა გარდამავალ დემოკრატიებში: სამხრეთ ევროპა და პოსტკომუნისტური ევროპა Politics of Memory in Democratizing Societies: Southern Europe and Post- Communist Europe რიდერი მომზადებულია ბაქარ ბერეკაშვილის მიერ Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Mémoire Pierre Nora Representations, No. 26, Special Issue: Memory and Counter-Memory. (Spring, 1989), pp. 7-24. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0734-6018%28198921%290%3A26%3C7%3ABMAHLL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-N Representations is currently published by University of California Press. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/ucal.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. -
“Localism” in Hong Kong a New Path for the Democracy Movement?
China Perspectives 2016/3 | 2016 China’s Policy in the China Seas The Growth of “Localism” in Hong Kong A New Path for the Democracy Movement? Ying-ho Kwong Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/7057 DOI: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.7057 ISSN: 1996-4617 Publisher Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Printed version Date of publication: 1 September 2016 Number of pages: 63-68 ISSN: 2070-3449 Electronic reference Ying-ho Kwong, « The Growth of “Localism” in Hong Kong », China Perspectives [Online], 2016/3 | 2016, Online since 01 September 2016, connection on 14 September 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/7057 © All rights reserved Current affairs China perspectives The Growth of “Localism” in Hong Kong A New Path for the Democracy Movement? YING-HO KWONG series of political protests in recent years, including localist rallies maintain harmonious relations, and supported the reversion of sovereignty for the June 4 Massacre, anti-parallel trading protests, and the Mong from Britain to China after 1997 under the principle of “One Country, Two AKok Riot, have triggered concerns over the development of “localism” Systems.” (4) In fact, Hong Kong’s democrats have always been divided by (bentu zhuyi 本土主義 ) in Hong Kong. For decades, traditional pan-demo - ideological differences, but have sought room for co-operation on political cratic parties ( fan minzhupai 泛民主派 ) have been struggling with the Chi - issues. The collaboration among democrats strengthened during and after nese government over political development. Although many of them have the Tiananmen Massacre. During the 1989 democracy movement in China, persistently bargained with the Beijing leaders, progress towards democracy Hong Kong democrats formed the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patri - remains stagnant. -
Hong Kong's Relationship with the Central Authorities/The Mainland
For meeting on 26 May 2014 Paper Ref.: CSD/1/2014 Commission on Strategic Development Hong Kong’s Relationship with the Central Authorities/the Mainland (Translation) Purpose This paper outlines for discussion Hong Kong’s relationship with the Central Authorities/the Mainland. Members are invited to give their views on related issues. “One Country, Two Systems” 2. On 19 December 1984, the Chinese and British Governments signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration, affirming that the Government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997. Our country’s basic policies regarding Hong Kong and their elaboration have been set out in the Sino-British Joint Declaration1. The Central Authorities have established, in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the PRC2, a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Our country’s basic policies regarding Hong Kong have been stipulated by the National People’s Congress (NPC) in a Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (the Basic Law), and they will remain unchanged for 50 years. 3. The Basic Law was adopted on 4 April 1990 by the 7th NPC of the PRC and came into effect on 1 July 1997. The Basic Law is a set of national laws enacted by the NPC, and also a constitutional document on the HKSAR. It prescribes, in the form of a legal document, the systems to be practised in the 1 See sub-paragraph (12) of Part 3 and Annex 1 of the Sino-British Joint Declaration.