DOCSLIB.ORG

TUNA MIGRATIONS Jorge Brenner and Valerie Mcnulty

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TUNA MIGRATIONS Jorge Brenner and Valerie Mcnulty GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS Jorge Brenner and Valerie McNulty PHOTO © TIM CALVER PHOTO © KEVIN ARNOLD Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is a part of the Migratory Species Conservation Project. For more information, visit migratoryblueways.org and maps.bluewaysconservation.org. This project was made possible due to the generous financial support of an anonymous private donor, as well as The Nature Conservancy’s Global Oceans Team and Texas Chapter. The au- thors would like to thank the guidance provided by this project’s Scientific Steering Committee: Dr. Billy Causey of the Nation- Introduction 2 al Marine Protected Areas Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Dr. Félix Moncada of the National Fisheries Research Center of Cuba, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger of the University of South Florida, Dr. Rodolfo Claro formerly with the Institute of Oceanology in Cuba, Dr. Ruth Perry of Shell, Dr. William Kiene formerly with the Office of National Marine Sanc- Mapping Tuna Migrations 6 tuaries of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- tion, and Dr. John ‘Wes’ Tunnell of the Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi (1945-2018). The authors would like to especially ac- knowledge the contributions of the scientists and institutions Key Findings and Limitations 18 that supported this project by providing datasets, comments, and reviews essential to the development of these analyses and this report (for a full list of contributors, visit migratoryblue- ways.org). Special thanks to Dr. Rich Bell, Dr. Robert Bendick, Randy Blankinship, Dr. William Driggers, Linda Elkin, Dr. Ben- jamin Galuardi, Dr. Walter Ingram, Dr. César Meiners, Dr. Todd The Way Forward 22 Phillips, Karina Ramírez, Dr. Steve Schill, Dr. Pedro Ulloa, and Lily Verdone. Illustrations and design by Valerie McNulty. Suggested citation for this report: Brenner, J. and V. McNulty. 2018. Gulf of Mexico Tuna Migrations. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, 24 pp. THE NATURE CONSERVANCY | GULF OF MEXICO GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS 1 Figure 1. Gulf of Mexico study area and commercial tuna fishing areas for the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. Commercial fisheries in the U.S. Introduction mainly target yellowfin tuna, so its adult Essential Fish Habitat (NOAA) is used as an approximate U.S. tuna fishing area here (Levesque 2011). Tuna The Gulf of Mexico large marine ecosystem (hereafter the Gulf) Fishing Areas is a biodiverse and productive international sea, booming with activity such as offshore energy development, shipping, commer- cial and recreational fishing, and tourism. Due to its geographic Project location between North America and the Caribbean Sea, it is Study Area also filled with a wealth of migratory fish, sea turtles, marine mammals, and birds that seasonally take advantage of its vast resources, habitats, and weather. However, issues arise when human activity blocks their migrations and prevents them from completing their life cycles. Migratory tunas make up 20% of the value of marine capture fisheries and over 8% of globally traded seafood (United Nations 2017). Tuna fisheries are a highly valuable resource in the Gulf for coastal economies, food security, jobs, recreation, tourism, and culture. Tuna fishing areas in the Gulf are shown in Figure 1. Eight migratory tuna species in the Atlantic have been selected This report introduces The Nature Conservancy’s toolkit for tuna as critical species for inclusion in this Gulf assessment: albacore fisheries managers and policymakers in the Gulf. The toolkit tuna, bigeye tuna, blackfin tuna, bluefin tuna, bonito, little tunny, includes spatial biophysical data layers, seasonal conservation skipjack tuna, and yellowfin tuna. planning scenarios, an interactive online mapping tool, and a fishing regulations summary. The toolkit consolidates import- Atlantic tunas are highly migratory species. In the Atlantic Ocean ant national and international information on tuna distributions, they move hundreds to thousands of kilometers connecting pop- movements, larvae distributions, threats to migration, critical ulations, habitats, and economies from the northeastern U.S. areas, and existing management and conservation actions. to Europe and west Africa. Therefore, they need to be managed domestically and internationally (NOAA Fisheries 2006). Mexico While compiling this data, the Conservancy was also able to iden- and the U.S. are contracting parties to the International Commis- tify data gaps. More fisheries data was available for United States sion for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), which man- waters than Mexico, Cuba, or international waters. Information ages tuna internationally in the Atlantic. Managers in different on migratory pathways was non-existent, and migratory tim- jurisdictions and industries have varying priorities when consid- ing information was sparse and had to be inferred from multiple ering how to manage activities and various natural resources in sources (again mostly only available in the U.S.). More data was the Gulf. Many variables affect management decisions, such as available for some species than others, due to their economic seasonal species distributions, migratory pathways and timing, value or conservation status. ongoing conservation actions, threats, habitat and ecology, use and trade, and fishing activities and regulations. However, it can These gaps and limitations are more completely described at be difficult to assess the complex interactions among these vari- the end of this report, but it is important to note when using this ables when data is limited and often not synthesized into salient toolkit that there is room for improvement and expansion as data formats or available in one location. becomes available. THE NATURE CONSERVANCY | GULF OF MEXICO GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS 2 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY | GULF OF MEXICO GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS 3 *A majority of the species information on this page comes from the Interna- Use and Conservation tional Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Threats Trade Actions EX EW CR EN VU NT LC Albacore tuna Bonito Blackfin tuna Bigeye tuna Near Threatened Least Concern Least Concern Vulnerable Thunnus alalunga Sarda sarda Thunnus atlanticus Thunnus obesus Primarily sold as a Food fish, especially important in Important sport fishery in Flor- An important fishery, pri- canned white meat tuna. the Mediterranean and Black seas. ida and the Bahamas. marily sold for sashimi. Commercial and recre- Commercial and recreational Commercial and recreational fishing. Commerical and recre- ational fishing; bycatch fishing; bycatch of Yellowfin Mexico has landed the highest tonnage of ational fishing, bycatch of of swordfish fisheries. tuna fisheries. Cuba has ceased this species; it represents the second most the Skipjack and Yellowfin reporting landings data for this captured tuna in Cuba. tuna fishery. It has a total allowable species. It has a total allowable catch A total catch of catch (TAC) of 29,900 No specific measures in (TAC) of 29,900 tons for the 85,000 tons has tons for the south Atlan- place. tic stock.* south Atlantic stock.* been recommended in the Atlantic. Bluefin tuna Little tunny Skipjack tuna Yellowfin tuna Endangered Least Concern Least Concern Near Threatened Thunnus thynnus Euthynnus alletteratus Katsuwonus pelamis Thunnus albacares Highly sought-after deli- An important food and Important commercial cacy for sushi and sashimi economic resources for Primarily sold as canned tuna. species for the raw sashimi in Asia (WWF, 2018). coastal communities. market (WWF, 2018). Constitutes 60% of commercial Commercial and recre- Overfishing. tuna catch globally; difficult to The main species targeted by ational fishing; unreported assess the impacts of fishing on commercial fisheries in the U.S. or underreporting catches Taking Bluefin tuna in the Gulf is populations due to high and vari- and the only tuna commercial- to ICCAT. prohibited yearround. ICCAT rec- able productivity. ly fished in Mexico. ommends long-term larval studies No management recom- ICCAT has recommended con- in the Gulf to assess the impact of mendations have been made No specific regulations servation actions for juveniles. the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. because of lack of data. in the Atlantic. THE NATURE CONSERVANCY | GULF OF MEXICO GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS 4 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY | GULF OF MEXICO GULF OF MEXICO TUNA MIGRATIONS 5 Mapping Tuna Migrations Migratory Pathways and Connectivity Scope Bluefin Tuna Migratory Corridor Publicly available spatial data for tunas in the Gulf includes observations, tag-recapture, movement, and larvae dispersal data. A vast majority of the satellite telemetry data available for tunas follows blue- fin tuna. A kernel density analysis in ESRI ArcGIS (Geographic Information Sys- Observation data, or occurrence points, comes from a variety of sources. Re- tem) was used to generate a movement density map from 25 individual tuna search institutions and management organizations like NOAA periodically sur- tracklines in the Gulf that span over 9 years (April 2002 - July 2011). This map vey marine life aboard research vessels. Citizen science can provide valuable (Figure 2) represents the migratory corridor of bluefin tuna in the Gulf of Mex- observation information when recorded systematically. Fisheries catch data ico. The areas of high movement density constitute critical areas for threat can also be used
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rey, J.C. and Cort, J.L. 1978. Nota Sobre Los Primeros Resultados De La Campaña De Marcado De Túnidos Frente Al Litoral De Castellón
    110 Rey, J.C. and Cort, J.L. 1978. Nota sobre los primeros resultados de la campaña de marcado de túnidos frente al litoral de Castellón. Bol. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 4 (3): 140–142 Rey, J.C. and Cort, J.L. 1981. Contribution à la connaissance de la migration des Scombridae en Méditerranée Occidentale. Rapp. P-V, Commn. Int. Explor. Scient. Mer Méditerr., 27: 97–98. Rey, J.C., Alot, E. and Ramos, A. 1984. Sinopsis biológica del bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch), del Mediterráneo y Atlántico Este. Iccat, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. 20(2): 469–502. Rey, J.C., Alot, E. and Ramos, A. 1986. Growth of the Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) in the Atlantic and Mediterranean area of the Strait of Gibraltar. Inv. Pesq. 50 (2): 179–185. Robert, M. and Roesti. 1966. The Declining Economic Role of the Mediterranean Tuna Fishery American Journal of Economics and Sociology 25 (1), 77–90. Rodriguez Roda, J. 1966. Estudio de la bacoreta, Euthynnus alleteratus (Raf.) bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch) y melva, Auxis thazard (Lac.), capturados por las almadrabas españolas. Inv. Pesq. 30: 247–292. Rodriguez Roda, J. 1981. Estudio de la edad y crecimiento del bonito, Sarda sarda (Block), de la costa sudatlantica de España. Inv. Pesq. 45(1):181–186. Rodriguez Roda, J. 1983. Edad y crecimiento de la melva, Auxis rochei (Risso), del Sur de España. Invest. Pesq. (Barc.), 47 (3): 397–402. Sabatés, A. and Recasens, L. 2001. Seasonal distribution and spawning of small tunas, Auxis rochei (Risso) and Sarda sarda (Bloch) in the northwestern Mediterranean.
    [Show full text]
  • FISH LIST WISH LIST: a Case for Updating the Canadian Government’S Guidance for Common Names on Seafood
    FISH LIST WISH LIST: A case for updating the Canadian government’s guidance for common names on seafood Authors: Christina Callegari, Scott Wallace, Sarah Foster and Liane Arness ISBN: 978-1-988424-60-6 © SeaChoice November 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY . 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . 4 Findings . 5 Recommendations . 6 INTRODUCTION . 7 APPROACH . 8 Identification of Canadian-caught species . 9 Data processing . 9 REPORT STRUCTURE . 10 SECTION A: COMMON AND OVERLAPPING NAMES . 10 Introduction . 10 Methodology . 10 Results . 11 Snapper/rockfish/Pacific snapper/rosefish/redfish . 12 Sole/flounder . 14 Shrimp/prawn . 15 Shark/dogfish . 15 Why it matters . 15 Recommendations . 16 SECTION B: CANADIAN-CAUGHT SPECIES OF HIGHEST CONCERN . 17 Introduction . 17 Methodology . 18 Results . 20 Commonly mislabelled species . 20 Species with sustainability concerns . 21 Species linked to human health concerns . 23 Species listed under the U .S . Seafood Import Monitoring Program . 25 Combined impact assessment . 26 Why it matters . 28 Recommendations . 28 SECTION C: MISSING SPECIES, MISSING ENGLISH AND FRENCH COMMON NAMES AND GENUS-LEVEL ENTRIES . 31 Introduction . 31 Missing species and outdated scientific names . 31 Scientific names without English or French CFIA common names . 32 Genus-level entries . 33 Why it matters . 34 Recommendations . 34 CONCLUSION . 35 REFERENCES . 36 APPENDIX . 39 Appendix A . 39 Appendix B . 39 FISH LIST WISH LIST: A case for updating the Canadian government’s guidance for common names on seafood 2 GLOSSARY The terms below are defined to aid in comprehension of this report. Common name — Although species are given a standard Scientific name — The taxonomic (Latin) name for a species. common name that is readily used by the scientific In nomenclature, every scientific name consists of two parts, community, industry has adopted other widely used names the genus and the specific epithet, which is used to identify for species sold in the marketplace.
    [Show full text]
  • Do Some Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Skip Spawning?
    SCRS/2006/088 Col. Vol. Sci. Pap. ICCAT, 60(4): 1141-1153 (2007) DO SOME ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA SKIP SPAWNING? David H. Secor1 SUMMARY During the spawning season for Atlantic bluefin tuna, some adults occur outside known spawning centers, suggesting either unknown spawning regions, or fundamental errors in our current understanding of bluefin tuna reproductive schedules. Based upon recent scientific perspectives, skipped spawning (delayed maturation and non-annual spawning) is possibly prevalent in moderately long-lived marine species like bluefin tuna. In principle, skipped spawning represents a trade-off between current and future reproduction. By foregoing reproduction, an individual can incur survival and growth benefits that accrue in deferred reproduction. Across a range of species, skipped reproduction was positively correlated with longevity, but for non-sturgeon species, adults spawned at intervals at least once every two years. A range of types of skipped spawning (constant, younger, older, event skipping; and delays in first maturation) was modeled for the western Atlantic bluefin tuna population to test for their effects on the egg-production-per-recruit biological reference point (stipulated at 20% and 40%). With the exception of extreme delays in maturation, skipped spawning had relatively small effect in depressing fishing mortality (F) threshold values. This was particularly true in comparison to scenarios of a juvenile fishery (ages 4-7), which substantially depressed threshold F values. Indeed, recent F estimates for 1990-2002 western Atlantic bluefin tuna stock assessments were in excess of threshold F values when juvenile size classes were exploited. If western bluefin tuna are currently maturing at an older age than is currently assessed (i.e., 10 v.
    [Show full text]
  • NOAA's Description of the U.S Commercial Fisheries Including The
    6.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY FOR ATLANTIC HMS The HMS FMP provides a thorough description of the U.S. fisheries for Atlantic HMS, including sectors of the pelagic longline fishery. Below is specific information regarding the catch of pelagic longline fishermen in the Gulf of Mexico and off the Southeast coast of the United States. For more detailed information on the fishery, please refer to the HMS FMP. 6.1 Pelagic Longline Gear The U.S. pelagic longline fishery for Atlantic HMS primarily targets swordfish, yellowfin tuna, or bigeye tuna in various areas and seasons. Secondary target species include dolphin, albacore tuna, pelagic sharks including mako, thresher, and porbeagle sharks, as well as several species of large coastal sharks. Although this gear can be modified (i.e., depth of set, hook type, etc.) to target either swordfish, tunas, or sharks, like other hook and line fisheries, it is a multispecies fishery. These fisheries are opportunistic, switching gear style and making subtle changes to the fishing configuration to target the best available economic opportunity of each individual trip. Longline gear sometimes attracts and hooks non-target finfish with no commercial value, as well as species that cannot be retained by commercial fishermen, such as billfish. Pelagic longline gear is composed of several parts. See Figure 6.1. Figure 6.1. Typical U.S. pelagic longline gear. Source: Arocha, 1997. When targeting swordfish, the lines generally are deployed at sunset and hauled in at sunrise to take advantage of the nocturnal near-surface feeding habits of swordfish. In general, longlines targeting tunas are set in the morning, deeper in the water column, and hauled in the evening.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimating Age and Growth of Little Tunny, Euthynnus Alletteratus, Off the Coast of Senegal, Using Dorsal Fin Spine Sections
    SUMMARY PAPER Estimating Age and Growth of Little Tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus, off the Coast of Senegal, Using Dorsal Fin Spine Sections PATRICE M. CAYRE 1 and TAIB DIOUP ABSTRACT Estimates of age were made from counts of growtb bands on dorsal spine sections of 491 little tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus, captured off the coast of Senegal during 1979. Analysis of marginal growtb bands (by montb) indicates that these bands are probably formed during tbe cold season (November-May). Mean size at estimated age was deter­ mined for tbe first 8 yr of life. These results, tbougb not validated, closely approximated other studies for young fisb (estimated ages 1-3), but were bigbly variable for older age categories. Tbe index of average percent error (E) for age nates from our study was 10.5% and infers good precision. RESUME r La determination de I'age de 491 thonines, Euthynnus alletteratus, a ele Iaite par complage des anneaux de croissaneesurdeseoupes transversales du premier rayon de la nageoire dorsale. L'analyse mensuelle de la nature du bord externe des coupes, Indique que les annuli (i.e., zones translucides) se Iormeraient au cours de la saison froide (novembre a mail. Les tailles moyennes correspondant aux ages de I a 8 ans sonl donnees, Usresultats, bien que non valides par d'autres metbodes, sont Ires voisins de ceux exposes dans d'autres travaux pour les ages de I a 3 ans; des differences non negligeables apparaissent cependant pour res poissons plus ages. L'index de pourcentage moyen d'erreur (E) entre les ages attribues par les deux auteurs est de 10.50/0ce qui indique une bonne precision de la methode utilisee, INTRODUCTION age of little tunny collected off Senegal by counting growth bands on sections of dorsal spines, 2) determine the time of Commercial tuna fisheries in the eastern tropical Atlantic band formation by analysis of marginal growth bandspine sec­ seem to have reached their maximum sustainable yield for tions, and 3) estimate the degree of precision (repeatability) of most species (ICCAT 1977-82).
    [Show full text]
  • Saltwater Recreational Fish Size and Bag Limits
    FL: fork length. CFL: curved fork length LJFL: lower jar fork length. Measured from tip of lower jaw to tail fork. 1 Aggregate limit for Lane and Vermilion snappers, Gray trigger- fish, Almaco jack, and Tilefishes is 20/day. 2 Offshore landing permit: Tuna, Billfish, Swordfish, Amberjacks, Grouper, Hinds and Snapper (non-grey). 3 Must report Yellowfin Tuna landings. 4 Aggregate limit for all groupers (except Nassau, Goliath Warsaw, and Speckled hind) is 4/day. Check for seasons. All saltwater fish except tuna, garfish, and swordfish in possession must have the head and tailfin intact when set or put on shore from a vessel. The skin must be left on these fish. Federal regu- lations require that tails are to be on tunas. For all saltwater fish, the bag limit is also the possession limit, except for redfish and speckled trout. A two-day limit of these two species is allowed in possession on land but not on the water. Fisheries regulations are subject to change often. At the time of this printing, these regulations were correct. For more information, call your local Sea Grant marine extension agent in the Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service or LDWF enforcement agent. www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu Recreational Fish Recreational SALTWATER 2013 Louisiana Size & BagSize Limits SALTWATER RECREATIONAL FISH SIZE AND BAG LIMITS Species Minimum size Bag limit Black Drum 16 in.; only 1 over 27 in. 5/day Redfish 16 in.; only 1 over 27 in. 5/day Cobia 33 in.FL 2/day King Mackerel 24 in.FL 2/day Spanish Mackerel 12 in.FL 15/day Speckled Trout/Spotted Sea Trout 12 in.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
    QUALITY STATUS REPORT 2010 Case Reports for the OSPAR List of threatened and/or declining species and habitats – Update Nomination and biomass of older fish since 1993. The reported catch for the East Atlantic and Atlantic bluefin tuna Mediterranean stocks in 2000 was 33,754 MT, Thunnus thynnus about 60% of the peak catch in 1996 although this is probably an under-estimate because of increasing uncertainty about catch statistics (ICCAT, 2002). The best current determination of the state of the stock is that the Spawning Stock Biomass is 86% of the 1970 level. This is similar to the results obtained in 1998 in terms of trends, but more optimistic in terms of current depletion. Nevertheless, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) Geographical extent considers that current catch levels are not OSPAR Regions: V sustainable in the long-term (ICCAT, 2002). Biogeographic zones:1,2,4-8 Region & Biogeographic zones specified for Sensitivity decline and/or threat: as above The Atlantic bluefin tuna has a slow growth rate, long life span (up to 20 years) and late The Atlantic bluefin tuna is an oceanic species age of maturity for a fish (4-5 years for the that comes close to shore on a seasonal basis. eastern stock) resulting in a large number of Current management regimes work on the juvenile classes. These characteristics make it basis of their being two stocks, an Eastern more vulnerable to fishing pressure than Atlantic and a Western Atlantic stock, although rapidly growing tropical tuna species (ICCAT, some intermingling is thought to occur along 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • PROXIMATE and GENETIC ANALYSIS of BLACKFIN TUNA (T. Atlanticus)
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. PROXIMATE AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF BLACKFIN TUNA (T. atlanticus). Yuridia M. Núñez-Mata1, Jesse R. Ríos Rodríguez 1, Adriana L. Perales-Torres 1, Xochitl F. De la Rosa-Reyna2, Jesús A. Vázquez-Rodríguez 3, Nadia A. Fernández-Santos2, Humberto Martínez Montoya 1 * 1 Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán – Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 2 Centro de Biotecnología Genómica – Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 3 Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Nutrición – Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León. *Correspondence: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0003-3228-0054 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ABSTRACT The tuna meat is a nutritious food that possesses high content of protein, its low content of saturated fatty acids makes it a high demand food in the world. The Thunnus genus is composed of eight species, albacore (T. alalunga), bigeye (T. obesus), long tail tuna (T. tonggol), yellowfin tuna (T. albacares), pacific bluefin tuna (T. orientalis), bluefin tuna (T. maccoyii), Atlantic bluefin tuna ( T. thynnus) and blackfin tuna (T. atlanticus). The blackfin tuna (BFT) (Thunnus atlanticus) represent the smallest species within the Thunnus genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Skipjack Tuna, Yellowfin Tuna, Swordfish Western and Central
    Skipjack tuna, Yellowfin tuna, Swordfish Katsuwonus pelamis, Thunnus albacares, Xiphias gladius ©Monterey Bay Aquarium Western and Central Pacific Troll/Pole, Handlines July 11, 2017 (updated January 8, 2018) Seafood Watch Consulting Researcher Disclaimer Seafood Watch® strives to have all Seafood Reports reviewed for accuracy and completeness by external scientists with expertise in ecology, fisheries science and aquaculture. Scientific review, however, does not constitute an endorsement of the Seafood Watch® program or its recommendations on the part of the reviewing scientists. Seafood Watch® is solely responsible for the conclusions reached in this report. Seafood Watch Standard used in this assessment: Standard for Fisheries vF2 Table of Contents About. Seafood. .Watch . 3. Guiding. .Principles . 4. Summary. 5. Final. Seafood. .Recommendations . 6. Introduction. 8. Assessment. 12. Criterion. 1:. .Impacts . on. the. species. .under . .assessment . .12 . Criterion. 2:. .Impacts . on. other. .species . .18 . Criterion. 3:. .Management . Effectiveness. .23 . Criterion. 4:. .Impacts . on. the. habitat. and. .ecosystem . .29 . Acknowledgements. 32. References. 33. Appendix. A:. Updated. January. 8,. .2017 . 36. 2 About Seafood Watch Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. Seafood Watch® defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. Seafood Watch® makes its science-based recommendations available to the public in the form of regional pocket guides that can be downloaded from www.seafoodwatch.org. The program’s goals are to raise awareness of important ocean conservation issues and empower seafood consumers and businesses to make choices for healthy oceans.
    [Show full text]
  • EU Fisheries Policy – Latest Developments and Future Challenges
    STUDY Requested+ by the PECH committee EU fisheries policy – latest developments and future challenges Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies Directorate-General for Internal Policies EN PE 629.202 − September 2019 RESEARCH FOR PECH COMMITTEE EU fisheries policy – latest developments and future challenges Abstract This study examines the latest developments of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in the fields of fisheries management, Common Market Organisation (CMO) and its external dimension. It also discusses the potential challenges that the EU fisheries policy might be facing in the near future. The present research contains ten case studies and concludes with possible solutions and recommendations to address some of the sector’s forthcoming challenges. This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Fisheries. AUTHORS AZTI: Martín ARANDA, Raúl PRELLEZO, Marina SANTURTÚN DTU Aqua: Clara ULRICH Université de Brest: Bertrand LE GALLIC FishFix: Lisa BORGES SAKANA Consultants: Sébastien METZ Research manager: Marcus BREUER Project and publication assistance: Mariana VACLAVOVA Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies, European Parliament LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE PUBLISHER To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to updates on our work for the PECH Committee please write to: [email protected] Manuscript completed in September 2019 © European Union, 2019 This document is available on the internet in summary with option to download the full text at: http://bit.ly/2k6rVSX This document is available on the internet at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2019/629202/IPOL_STU(2019)629202_EN.pdf Further information on research for PECH by the Policy Department is available at: https://research4committees.blog/PECH/ Follow us on Twitter: @PolicyPECH Please use the following reference to cite this study: Aranda, M., Ulrich, C., Le Gallic, B., Borges, L., Metz, S., Prellezo, R., Santurtún, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowfin Tuna
    Ahi yellown tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one of two Islands. species known in Hawaii simply as Fishing Methods: intermediaries on all islands, or di- ahi. Similar in general appearance rectly to wholesalers and retailers, or it may be shared with family and to bigeye tuna (the other species - known as ahi friends. Most ahi is sold fresh, but men. A large part of the commercial surpluses caught during the peak be recognized by its more torpedo catch (44%) is harvested by longline shaped body, smaller head and eyes. summer season are sometimes dried boats, which may search for tuna and smoked. In Hawaii, shibi is another name up to 800 nautical miles from port and set hooks in deep waters. Yel- Quality to depths below 600 ft. Landings by either bigeye or albacore tuna. Al- lengthen with age. the island of Hawaii, can be sub- stantial (36%) in some years. Troll- Seasonality & How ers contribute most of the remain- does not retain the beautiful natu- They Are Caught der (20%) of the commercial catch ral red color as long as bigeye. The - Availability and Seasonality: - Caught year-round in Hawaii’s wa- ing tournaments held in Hawaii. method, care in handling and other Distribution: abundant during the summer sea- The longline catch and some of the son (May-September). There are handline (ika-shibi) catch of ahi is species. Noticeable changes occur auction. The majority of the hand- Hawaii. ocean surface temperatures and line catch is sold to wholesalers and other oceanographic conditions fa- intermediary buyers on the island of surface during the summer season vor the migration of ahi schools to are susceptible to a quality defect The troll catch may be marketed known as “burnt tuna”.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlantic BLUEFIN TUNA
    Eastern Atlantic BLUEFIN TUNA FACTS ABOUT BLUEFIN TUNA There are three species of bluefin tuna: The world record for the biggest bluefin caught Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern. Of the Atlantic has stood since 1979 when a 679 kg bluefin was bluefin tuna species, there are two separate caught off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. stocks, Eastern and Western. Eastern Atlantic bluefin are thought to be 100% Bluefin can swim as fast as 70mph when mature by the age of five, while those from the they need to, but not for long. Western Atlantic stock are about nine years old before they reach adulthood. They can dive to >1000m, although they usually spend their time near the surface. Bluefin are a long-lived fish, estimated to have a lifespan of around 40 years, by which time Bluefin tuna start out no bigger than an eyelash, they could be as much as 3m long and can weigh gaining 1 kg in the first 6 months; at 10 years, as much as 750 kg. a bluefin tuna is around 2m / 170 kg and can reach 2.7 m / 400 kg at age 20. USUFUKU HONTEN LONGLINE ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA FISHERY Status: Independent adjudicator’s decision Vessel size: 58 metres means the assessor is set to recommend the fishery for certification after a two-year Catch: an average of 19 operating days per year assessment process that included stakeholder from Oct-Nov catching Eastern Atlantic Bluefin tuna feedback and formal objections In 2018, 55.3 tonnes caught of the 28,200 tonnes Independent assessor: Control Union UK ICCAT total allowable catch, which is around 0.2% .
    [Show full text]