DOCSLIB.ORG

SYNOPSIS on the BIOLOGY of YELLOWFIN TUNA Thunnus (Neothunnus) Albacares (Bonnaterre)1788(PACIFIC OCEAN)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SYNOPSIS on the BIOLOGY of YELLOWFIN TUNA Thunnus (Neothunnus) Albacares (Bonnaterre)1788(PACIFIC OCEAN) Species Synopsis No. 16 FAO Fisheries Biology Synopsis No, 59 FIb/S59 (Distribution restricted) SAST - Tuna SYNOPSIS ON THE BIOLOGY OF YELLOWFIN TUNA Thunnus (Neothunnus) albacares (Bonnaterre)1788(PACIFIC OCEAN) Exposé synoptique sur la biologie du thon à nageoires jaunes Thunnus (Neothimnus) albacares (Bonnaterre)1788(Océan Pacifique) Sinopsis sobre la. biología dei atítn de aleta amarilla Thunnus (Neothunnus) aibacares (Bonnaterre) 1788 (Ocano Pacífico) Prepared by MILNER B, SCHAEFER, GORDON C,, BROADHEAD and CRAIG J, ORANGE Inter -American Tropical Tuna Commission La Jolla, California, U, S,, A, ISHERIES DIVISION, BIOLOGY BRANCH tOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS R,ome, 1963 538 FIb/S59 Tuna 1:1 i IDENTITY Body plump, wholly covered with scales, which differ in size and form in different parts i. iTaxonomy of the body.Corselet well deveioped but its boundary is not distinct.Tle lateral line has a 1. 1. 1Definition peculiar curve above the pectorals.Teeth rather feeble.Single series of small conical /Fo11owing Berg (1940) modified according to teeth in both jaws.They are sharp and curve Fraser-Brunner (1950)J inward.Villiform teeth on the vomers palatines and pterygoids.Many dentigerous calcareous Phylum VERTEBRATA plates are found on the palate.The denticles on Subphylum Craniata these plates are quite similar to those found on Superclass Gnathostomata the vomer, palatines and pterygoids. Thus the Series Pisces roof of the mouth-cavity is quite rough, contrary Class Teleostomi to the nearly smooth roof in the Katsuwonidae. Subclass Actinopterygii Three lobes of the liver subequal.Intestine Order Perciformes rather long, with three folds.Pyloric tubes Suborder Scombroidei developed only on the posterior convex side of Family Scombridae the duodenum. Pyloric caeca heteroclitic, ir- Subfamily Scombrinae regular in size. Those found at the distal end Genus Thunnus South 1845 being longer and thicker than those at the prox- Species Thurmus (Neothunnus) imal part.This heterochrony is more marked albacares (Bonnaterre) 1788 in primitive forms. Rectum short, it has nearly the same diameter as the preceding part of the Berg, following Kishinouye (1923), places the intestine, Air-bladder present, except in tunas in a separate order, Thunniformes Neothunniis rarus" (Thumius tongol). (Placostel), on the basis of their greatly devel- oped vascular system. although he recognizes "Cutaneous blood-vessels above and' below only a single family (Thun.nidae), whereas the lateral median line are united both at the Kishinouye placed Katsuwonus, Euthynnus, and anterior and posterior ends, and are connected Auxis in a separate family (Katsuwonidae). by short horizontal vessels with the chief blood- Fraser-Brunner' s revision, however, shows vesselsin the haemal canal at the caudal pedunc- rather convincingly that all of these should be le.The cutaneous veins are large and unite with included within the family Scon'ibridae.We also the Cuvierian ducts directly or with the cardinal follow Fraser-Brunner in placing in a single vein.Each of the paired cutaneous arteries genus, Thunnus, the groups Neothunnus, arises just behind the pharyngeal muscles or Parathunrius, and Kishinoella, which should, at somewhat behind it, runs backwards and down- most, be given subgeneric status. wards behind the root of either the third or fifth rib, and is divided into two nearly parallel The detailed morphometric studies which have branches, a little before it comes to the surface been made by a number of researchers in recent of the muscle, between two consecutive inter- years (Godsil 1948; Schaefer 1948; Schaefer and muscular bones.The dark red portion of the Walford 1950; Godsil and Greenhood 1951; lateral muscle is rather narrow, and meets the Schaefer 1952, 1955; Royce 1953; Tsuruta 1954), axial skeleton with a narrow neck or root n the which have most recently been summarized and hypaxial portion only". re-examined by Royce (1961), and the reviews of Fraser-Brunner (1950) and Rivas (1951) leave "Ligament in a deep median groove between liittle doubt that there is but a single species of the anterior end of the frontals is attached tothe yellowfin tuna throughout the world ocean, al- skin, anterior to the median foramen of the though there are morphometrically distinguish- skull" able populations in various places which, how- ever, are of less than specific rank. "The transverse process of some precaudal vertebrae is broad, well developed. Thefirst 1.1.2Description vertebra is greatly reduced in height andfirmly anchylosed to the skull.Inferior foramen is - Genus Thunnus South 1845 small, and is found in the caudal vertebraeOnly. 539 1: 2 FIb/S59 Tuna Number of vertebrae is constant, 39 in total, of 1. 2, 1 Valid scientific names which 18 are precaudal, and 21 caudal. The haemal canal is closed in the tenth or eleventh - Thunnus (Neothunnus) albacares vertebra, i. e. near the middle of the precaudal (Bonnaterre) 1788 region.Alisphenoids meet at the ventral median line.Anterior precaudal vertebrae are broader There is some doubt whether the valid name than high",/Kishinouye' s (1923) diagnosis of of this specie s is albacares or argentivitattus his family Thunnidae, which corresponds to our (Cuvier and Valenciennes 1831),Albacares was genus Thunnus/. described by Bonnaterre from a description and drawing of Sloane (1707),Fraser-Brunner calls No groove along the abdomen; pelvic fins this species albacora (Lowe 1839), listing moderate or small.Interpelvic processes albacares and argentivitattus in the synonymy, developed, but separate.Teeth in jaws slender, the latter with a question mark. He does not, conical, scarcely or not compressed.Teeth on however, indicate why he believes argentivitattus palatine and vomer as well as in jaws. The two to be questionable. Rivas (1951) notes that dorsal fins contiguous or separated only by a Sloane' s figure and description may relate to very narrow interspace (not wider than eye). this speciesbut observes that there are certain Large medial keel on each side of caudal pedunc- discrepancies relating to the length of the pec- le.Scales small or minute; body completely toral fin.Schaefer and Walford (1950) used the scaled; scales of corselet and lateral line name argentivitattus because this is the earliest usually larger.Not more than 28 gill rakers on described species for which the specimens on lower limb of first branchial arch.39 vertebrae. which the description was based are still avail-. Dorsal spines 13 to 15, the first spine about as able (in the Paris Museum). Royce (1961) having long as or longer than the second and third; the examined Sloane' s description and drawing, con- following spines ratherabruptly decreasing in cludes that, because of the very long second length; outline of first dorsal fin concave. dorsal and anal fins, despite the short pectoral (Modified from Fraser-Brunner 1950, and Rivas (which may have been broken), it must be a yel- 1951). lowfin tuna.He, therefore, concurs with Gins- burg (1953) that albacares is a valid nameand, - Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre) 1788 since it has priority, states that it is the approp- riate name for a single worldwide species of yel- Body fusiforme, elongated, head small, and lowfin tuna. the caudal portion long.Scales minuteabout 270 in lateral line.Air bladder present. Pec- 1.2.2Synonyms torals long, reaching to or beyond the origin of the second dorsal except in some very large ? Scomber sloani Cuvier and Valenciennes specimens.Second dorsal and anal often much 1831 elongated in large specimens, No venules(stria- Thynnus argentivitattus Cuvier and tions) on the surface of the liver, the left lobe of Valenciennes 1831 which is sometimes divided in two, and the right lobe of which is longer than the other.Air blad- Thynnus albacora Lowe 1839 der narrow and long, not divided at the anterior Or-cynils species dubia Poey 1868 end.Vertebrae 39.Vertebral column long and slender; posterior caudal vertebrae much elong- Orcynus subulatus Poey 1875 ated.Parapophyses long and flattened.Haem- Thynnus macropterus Temminck and al canal closed on tenth vertebra. Haemal canal Schlegel 1842 wide, especially in the pre caudal region, where the breadth of the cavity is nearly equal to the Thunnus allisoni Mowbray 1920 diameter of the centrum of the vertebra. Dorsal Neothunnus itosibi, N. catalinae Jordan and fin with 13 or 14 spines.Eight to 11 dorsal fin- Evermann 1926 lets;eight to ten anal finlets,Gill rakers seven to 11 + 19 to 22, Semathunnus quildi Fowler 1933 Thunnus nicolsoni Whitley 1936 1. 2 Nomenclature 5L0 FIb/S59 Tuna l:3 1. 2. 3Standard common names, near Japan, Philippines, Bikini, and Society vernacular names Islands are almost certainly separate or quasi-separate populations.Schaefer (1955) English (American) - Yellowfin tuna has also found differences in average number Japanese - Kihada; kiwada. of gill rakers of yellowfin from Hawaii compared Kimiji, for young with those from the American west coast and from southeast Polynesia. Spanish - Atdn aleta amarilla French - Thonnageoires jaunes Royce's "cUne" along the equator may represent a gradual mixing of a large number German - Gelbflossenthun of adjacent population components.It could, however, also be interpreted as a step function, 1. 3General variability with partial dis continuities at some longitudes, such as near 120°W, representing major popu- 1. 3. 1 Subspecific fragmentation lation boundaries across which some mixing (races, varieties, hybrids) occurs. The yellowfin tuna in the Pacific Ocean, and Along the coast of the Americas in the elsewhere, are divided into a large number of eastern Pacific, although there is no rapid sub-populations which evidently do not inter- intermixing of adult yellowfin from one end of breed, or do so to only a limited extent.These the range to the other, as shown by tagging local races, or varieties, are often character- results (Schaefer, Chatwin and Broadhead, 1961), ized by differences in morphological characters, no morphometric differences have been demon- including various body dimensions and the rel- strated (Broadhead 1959).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus Albacares) and Albacore (Thunnus Alalunga) (Perciformes: Scombrinae) in the Atlantic, Indian and Eastern Pacific Oceans
    SCRS/2009/024 Collect. Vol. Sci. Pap. ICCAT, 65(2): 717-724 (2010) LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS FOR BIGEYE TUNA (THUNNUS OBESUS), YELLOWFIN TUNA (THUNNUS ALBACARES) AND ALBACORE (THUNNUS ALALUNGA) (PERCIFORMES: SCOMBRINAE) IN THE ATLANTIC, INDIAN AND EASTERN PACIFIC OCEANS Guoping Zhu, Liuxiong Xu*,Yingqi Zhou, Liming Song and Xiaojie Dai SUMMARY The length-weight relationships (LWRs) for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and albacore (Thunnus alalunga) collected in the Atlantic, Indian and Eastern Pacific Oceans are presented. Significant differences can be found from the fork length distributions and the LWRs of the above 3 tuna species and the relations of dressed weight and round weight of bigeye and yellowfin tunas collected from the Atlantic, Indian and Eastern Pacific Oceans. The growth type of bigeye and yellowfin tuna in the Eastern Pacific Ocean showed positive allometries, whereas bigeye and yellowfin tuna from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and albacore from the Atlantic, Indian and Eastern Pacific Oceans indicated negative allometries. RÉSUMÉ Le présent document décrit les relations longueur-poids (LWR) du thon obèse (Thunnus obesus), de l’albacore (Thunnus albacares) et du germon (Thunnus alalunga) prélevés dans les océans Atlantique, Indien et Pacifique de l’Est. Des différences considérables peuvent être trouvées dans les distributions longueur-fourche et les relations longueur-poids des trois espèces thonières susmentionnées et dans les relations du poids manipulé et du poids vif du thon obèse et de l’albacore collectés dans les océans Atlantique, Indien et Pacifique Est. Le type de croissance du thon obèse et de l’albacore dans l’océan Pacifique Est a révélé des allométries positives, tandis que le thon obèse et l’albacore des océans Atlantique et Indien et le germon des océans Atlantique, Indien et Pacifique Est ont fait apparaître des allométries négatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Population Dynamics
    Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43, 8522–8527 nations of the International Commission for the Conservation Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) currently manage ABFT fisheries thynnus) Population Dynamics assuming two units (a western stock spawning in the Gulf of Mexico, and an eastern stock which spawns in the Delineated by Organochlorine Mediterranean Sea) ostensibly separated by the 45° W meridian with little intermixing between stocks. However, Tracers tagging studies indicate that bluefin tuna undergo extensive and complex migrations, including trans-Atlantic migrations, ,† and that stock mixing could be as high as 30% (2-4). Extensive REBECCA M. DICKHUT,* - ASHOK D. DESHPANDE,‡ mixing of eastern and western stocks (35 57% bluefin tuna ALESSANDRA CINCINELLI,§ of eastern origin) within the U.S. Mid Atlantic Bight was also 18 MICHELE A. COCHRAN,† reported recently based on otolith δ O values (5). The SIMONETTA CORSOLINI,| uncertainty of stock structures due to mixing makes it difficult RICHARD W. BRILL,† DAVID H. SECOR,⊥ for fisheries managers to assess the effectiveness of rebuilding AND JOHN E. GRAVES† efforts for the dwindling western Atlantic spawning stock of Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, bluefin tuna. Understanding ABFT spatial distributions and Virginia 23062, National Marine Fisheries Service, dynamics are vital for robust population assessments and Highlands, New Jersey 07732, Department of Chemistry, the design of effective management strategies, and there is University of Florence, 50019
    [Show full text]
  • Proximate and Genetic Analysis of Blackfin Tuna
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. PROXIMATE AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF BLACKFIN TUNA (T. atlanticus). Yuridia M. Núñez-Mata1, Jesse R. Ríos Rodríguez 1, Adriana L. Perales-Torres 1, Xochitl F. De la Rosa-Reyna2, Jesús A. Vázquez-Rodríguez 3, Nadia A. Fernández-Santos2, Humberto Martínez Montoya 1 * 1 Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán – Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 2 Centro de Biotecnología Genómica – Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 3 Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Nutrición – Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León. *Correspondence: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0003-3228-0054 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ABSTRACT The tuna meat is a nutritious food that possesses high content of protein, its low content of saturated fatty acids makes it a high demand food in the world. The Thunnus genus is composed of eight species, albacore (T. alalunga), bigeye (T. obesus), long tail tuna (T. tonggol), yellowfin tuna (T. albacares), pacific bluefin tuna (T. orientalis), bluefin tuna (T. maccoyii), Atlantic bluefin tuna ( T. thynnus) and blackfin tuna (T. atlanticus). The blackfin tuna (BFT) (Thunnus atlanticus) represent the smallest species within the Thunnus genus.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary Study on the Stomach Content of Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus Maccoyii Caught by Taiwanese Longliner in the Central Indian Ocean
    CCSBT-ESC/0509/35 A preliminary study on the stomach content of southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii caught by Taiwanese longliner in the central Indian Ocean Kwang-Ming Liu1, Wei-Ke Chen2, Shoou-Jeng Joung2, and Sui-Kai Chang3 1. Institute of Marine Resource Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan. 2. Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan. 3. Fisheries Agency, Council of Agriculture, Taipei, Taiwan. Abstract The stomach contents of 63 southern bluefin tuna captured by Taiwanese longliners in central Indian Ocean in August 2004 were examined. The size of tunas ranged from 84-187 cm FL (12-115 kg GG). The length and weight frequency distributions indicated that most specimens were in the range of 100-130 cm FL with a body weight between 10 and 30 kg for both sexes. The sexes- combined relationship between dressed weight and fork length can be described by W = 6.975× 10-6× FL3.1765 (n=56, r2=0.967, p < 0.05). The subjective index of fullness of specimens was estimated as: 1 = empty (38.6%), 2 = <half full (47.37%), 3 = half full (3.51%), 4 = >half full (5.26%), and 5 = full (5.26%). For the stomachs with prey items, almost all the preys are pisces and the proportion of each prey groups are fishes (95.6%), cephalopods (2.05%), and crustaceans (0.02%). In total, 6 prey taxa were identified – 4 species of fish, 1 unidentified pisces, 1 unidentified crustacean, and 1 unidentified squid. The 4 fish species fall in the family of Carangidae, Clupeidae, Emmelichthyidae, and Hemiramphidae.
    [Show full text]
  • Saltwater Recreational Fish Size and Bag Limits
    FL: fork length. CFL: curved fork length LJFL: lower jar fork length. Measured from tip of lower jaw to tail fork. 1 Aggregate limit for Lane and Vermilion snappers, Gray trigger- fish, Almaco jack, and Tilefishes is 20/day. 2 Offshore landing permit: Tuna, Billfish, Swordfish, Amberjacks, Grouper, Hinds and Snapper (non-grey). 3 Must report Yellowfin Tuna landings. 4 Aggregate limit for all groupers (except Nassau, Goliath Warsaw, and Speckled hind) is 4/day. Check for seasons. All saltwater fish except tuna, garfish, and swordfish in possession must have the head and tailfin intact when set or put on shore from a vessel. The skin must be left on these fish. Federal regu- lations require that tails are to be on tunas. For all saltwater fish, the bag limit is also the possession limit, except for redfish and speckled trout. A two-day limit of these two species is allowed in possession on land but not on the water. Fisheries regulations are subject to change often. At the time of this printing, these regulations were correct. For more information, call your local Sea Grant marine extension agent in the Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service or LDWF enforcement agent. www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu Recreational Fish Recreational SALTWATER 2013 Louisiana Size & BagSize Limits SALTWATER RECREATIONAL FISH SIZE AND BAG LIMITS Species Minimum size Bag limit Black Drum 16 in.; only 1 over 27 in. 5/day Redfish 16 in.; only 1 over 27 in. 5/day Cobia 33 in.FL 2/day King Mackerel 24 in.FL 2/day Spanish Mackerel 12 in.FL 15/day Speckled Trout/Spotted Sea Trout 12 in.
    [Show full text]
  • PROXIMATE and GENETIC ANALYSIS of BLACKFIN TUNA (T. Atlanticus)
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. PROXIMATE AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF BLACKFIN TUNA (T. atlanticus). Yuridia M. Núñez-Mata1, Jesse R. Ríos Rodríguez 1, Adriana L. Perales-Torres 1, Xochitl F. De la Rosa-Reyna2, Jesús A. Vázquez-Rodríguez 3, Nadia A. Fernández-Santos2, Humberto Martínez Montoya 1 * 1 Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán – Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 2 Centro de Biotecnología Genómica – Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Reynosa, Tamaulipas. 3 Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Nutrición – Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León. *Correspondence: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0003-3228-0054 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.366153; this version posted November 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ABSTRACT The tuna meat is a nutritious food that possesses high content of protein, its low content of saturated fatty acids makes it a high demand food in the world. The Thunnus genus is composed of eight species, albacore (T. alalunga), bigeye (T. obesus), long tail tuna (T. tonggol), yellowfin tuna (T. albacares), pacific bluefin tuna (T. orientalis), bluefin tuna (T. maccoyii), Atlantic bluefin tuna ( T. thynnus) and blackfin tuna (T. atlanticus). The blackfin tuna (BFT) (Thunnus atlanticus) represent the smallest species within the Thunnus genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Movements and Diving Behavior of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Thunnus Thynnus in Relation to Water Column Structure in the Northwestern Atlantic
    Vol. 400: 245–265, 2010 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published February 11 doi: 10.3354/meps08394 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Movements and diving behavior of Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus in relation to water column structure in the northwestern Atlantic Gareth L. Lawson1, 2,*, Michael R. Castleton1, Barbara A. Block1 1Tuna Research and Conservation Center, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, 120 Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, California 93950, USA 2Present address: Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA ABSTRACT: We analyzed the movements and diving behavior in relation to water column structure of 35 electronically tagged Atlantic bluefin tuna (176 to 240 cm in length at tagging) during their spring–fall period of occupancy of the Gulf of Maine, Canadian Shelf, and neighboring off-shelf waters from 1999 to 2005. Tagged fish arriving in this study region in March–April initially occupied weakly stratified off-shelf waters along the northern Gulf Stream. As waters over the continental shelf warmed in June, the fish shifted onto the shelf. Sea surface temperatures occupied were relatively constant in both off- and on-shelf waters (April–September monthly medians varying from 16.1 to 19.0°C). Dives made in the stratified waters of the shelf during summer and fall were significantly more frequent (up to 180 dives d–1) and fast (descent rates up to 4.1 m s–1) than in weakly stratified off-shelf waters occupied during spring, defining dives as excursions below tag-derived estimates of the surface isothermal layer depth (ILD). The duration and depth of dives also decreased significantly in associa- tion with changing water column structure, from medians in off-shelf waters during April of 0.45 h and 77.0 m, respectively, to 0.16 h and 24.9 m in August.
    [Show full text]
  • Skipjack Tuna, Yellowfin Tuna, Swordfish Western and Central
    Skipjack tuna, Yellowfin tuna, Swordfish Katsuwonus pelamis, Thunnus albacares, Xiphias gladius ©Monterey Bay Aquarium Western and Central Pacific Troll/Pole, Handlines July 11, 2017 (updated January 8, 2018) Seafood Watch Consulting Researcher Disclaimer Seafood Watch® strives to have all Seafood Reports reviewed for accuracy and completeness by external scientists with expertise in ecology, fisheries science and aquaculture. Scientific review, however, does not constitute an endorsement of the Seafood Watch® program or its recommendations on the part of the reviewing scientists. Seafood Watch® is solely responsible for the conclusions reached in this report. Seafood Watch Standard used in this assessment: Standard for Fisheries vF2 Table of Contents About. Seafood. .Watch . 3. Guiding. .Principles . 4. Summary. 5. Final. Seafood. .Recommendations . 6. Introduction. 8. Assessment. 12. Criterion. 1:. .Impacts . on. the. species. .under . .assessment . .12 . Criterion. 2:. .Impacts . on. other. .species . .18 . Criterion. 3:. .Management . Effectiveness. .23 . Criterion. 4:. .Impacts . on. the. habitat. and. .ecosystem . .29 . Acknowledgements. 32. References. 33. Appendix. A:. Updated. January. 8,. .2017 . 36. 2 About Seafood Watch Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. Seafood Watch® defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. Seafood Watch® makes its science-based recommendations available to the public in the form of regional pocket guides that can be downloaded from www.seafoodwatch.org. The program’s goals are to raise awareness of important ocean conservation issues and empower seafood consumers and businesses to make choices for healthy oceans.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowfin Tuna
    Ahi yellown tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one of two Islands. species known in Hawaii simply as Fishing Methods: intermediaries on all islands, or di- ahi. Similar in general appearance rectly to wholesalers and retailers, or it may be shared with family and to bigeye tuna (the other species - known as ahi friends. Most ahi is sold fresh, but men. A large part of the commercial surpluses caught during the peak be recognized by its more torpedo catch (44%) is harvested by longline shaped body, smaller head and eyes. summer season are sometimes dried boats, which may search for tuna and smoked. In Hawaii, shibi is another name up to 800 nautical miles from port and set hooks in deep waters. Yel- Quality to depths below 600 ft. Landings by either bigeye or albacore tuna. Al- lengthen with age. the island of Hawaii, can be sub- stantial (36%) in some years. Troll- Seasonality & How ers contribute most of the remain- does not retain the beautiful natu- They Are Caught der (20%) of the commercial catch ral red color as long as bigeye. The - Availability and Seasonality: - Caught year-round in Hawaii’s wa- ing tournaments held in Hawaii. method, care in handling and other Distribution: abundant during the summer sea- The longline catch and some of the son (May-September). There are handline (ika-shibi) catch of ahi is species. Noticeable changes occur auction. The majority of the hand- Hawaii. ocean surface temperatures and line catch is sold to wholesalers and other oceanographic conditions fa- intermediary buyers on the island of surface during the summer season vor the migration of ahi schools to are susceptible to a quality defect The troll catch may be marketed known as “burnt tuna”.
    [Show full text]
  • Thunnus Thynnus* the Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
    Thunnus Thynnus* The Atlantic Bluefin Tuna An amazing, fishy feat of nature. *Thunnus thynnus. Derived from the Latin “thyno”, “to rush, to dart”. Image courtesy of Chris Gill, Aquila Charters Mevagissey. The return of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABFT) to UK waters in the last few years has generated great interest in this iconic fish from anglers and non-anglers alike. Fishermen will spend thousands and travel across the globe for a chance to hook up to a Bluefin. They are one of the most desirable opponents in the angling world. ABFT are the largest of all the Tuna and can grow to over 700kg, (1,500lbs), and live for up to fifty years. They can attain sppeds of 70kph and dive to depths of over 1000 metres. They undertake great migrations each year, some on a par with those other great ocean travellers, Blue Whales. Their flesh is prized around the world for the finest grades of Sushi, creating a huge global industry that can attach incredible price tags to the best quality fish. Their unique physiology allows them to populate a very wide geographical range. In the Western Atlantic you can find them from the Gulf of Mexico, across the Caribbean, all along the Eastern seaboard of the US, and way up into the cold waters of Canada. In the East, they are found from Morocco, across all of the Mediterranean, and closer to home, Ireland, Wales, Cornwall, Norway, Sweden and Denmark….. Bluefin are almost unique in the geographical and water temperature range of waters they can operate in.
    [Show full text]
  • Thunnus Alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788)
    click for previous page SCOMBR Thun 1 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: SCOMBRIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Germo alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788) Thunnus germo (Lacèpede, 1800) VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO: En – Albacore Fr – Germon Sp – Atún blanco (=Albacora) NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: A large species with an elongate, fusiform body, deepest at a more pelvic fin posterior point than in other tunas (at, or only slightly anterior to, second dorsal fin rather than near middle of first dorsal fin base). Eyes rather large; gillrakers 25 to 31 on first arch. Two dorsal fins separated only by a narrow interspace, the second clearly lower than the first and followed by 7 to 9 finlets; pectoral fins remarkably long, usually 30% of fork length or longer, reaching well beyond origin of second dorsal fin (usually up to second dorsal finlet); 2 flaps (interpelvic process) between pelvic fins; anal fin followed by 7 or 8 finlets. Small scales on body; corselet of larger scales developed but not very distinct. Caudal peduncle very slender, bearing on each side a strong interpelvic lateral keel between 2 smaller keels. Liver striated on ventral surface. process Swimbladder present. Colour: back metallic dark blue, lower sides and belly whitish; a faint lateral iridescent blue band runs along sides in live fish; first dorsal fin deep yellow, second dorsal and anal fins light yellow, anal finlets dark; posterior margin of caudal fin white. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: All other species of Thunnus: pectoral fins shorter, never reaching beyond posterior end of second dorsal fin base in adults (however, young specimens of T.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Fact Sheets Euthynnus Affinis (Cantor, 1849)
    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fisheries and for a world without hunger Aquaculture Department Species Fact Sheets Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849) Black and white drawing: (click for more) Synonyms Euthunnus yaito Kishinouye, 1915 Wanderer wallisi Whitley, 1937 Euthunnus affinis affinis Fraser-Brunner, 1949 Euthunnus alletteratus affinis Beaufort, 1951 Euthunnus wallisi Whitley, 1964 FAO Names En - Kawakawa, Fr - Thonine orientale, Sp - Bacoreta oriental. 3Alpha Code: KAW Taxonomic Code: 1750102406 Scientific Name with Original Description Thynnus affinis Cantor, 1849, J.Asiatic Soc.Bengal, 18(2):1088-1090 (Sea of Penang, Malaysia). Diagnostic Features Gillrakers 29 to 33 on first arch; gill teeth 28 or 29; vomerine teeth absent. Anal fin rays 13 or 14. Vertebrae 39; no trace of vertebral protuberances; bony caudal keels on 33 and 34 vertebrae. Colour: dorsal makings composed of broken oblique stripes. Geographical Distribution FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Launch the Aquatic Species Distribution map viewer Throughout the warm waters of the Indo-West Pacific, including oceanic islands and archipelagos.A few stray specimens have been collected in the eastern tropical Pacific. Habitat and Biology An epipelagic, neritic speciesinhabiting waters temperatures ranging from 18 to 29° C. Like other scombrids, E. affinis tend to form multispecies schools by size, 'i.e. with small Thunnus albacares, Katsuwonus pelamis, Auxis sp., and Megalaspis cordyla (a carangid), comprising from 100 to over 5 000 individuals. Although sexually mature fish may be encountered throughout the year, there are seasonal spawning peaks varying according to regions: i.e. March to May in Philippine waters; during the period of the NW monsoon (October-November to April-May) around the Seychelles; from the middle of the NW monsoon period to the beginning of the SE monsoon (January to July) off East Africa; and probably from August to October off Indonesia.
    [Show full text]