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Winston Churchill Winston Churchill Gwleidydd o Sais oedd Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 Tachwedd 1874 – 24 Ionawr 1965). Gwasanaethodd fel Prif Weinidog y Deyrnas Unedig Syr Winston Churchill yn ystod yr Ail Ryfel Byd. Ganwyd Churchill i fywyd o gyfoeth a braint ar Tachwedd 30, 1874 ym Mhalas Blenheim, Swydd Rhydychen. Daeth Winston yn filwr ac yna’n newyddiadurwr. Enillodd ei enw da am ddewrder a menter fel gohebydd rhyfel yn ystod Rhyfel y Boer 1899–1902. Bu’n un o gyd- wleidyddion David Lloyd George tra’n aelod o’r Blaid Ryddfrydol cyn newid ei liwiau gwleidyddol i fod yn aelod o’r Blaid Geidwadol. Yn ystod y 1930au bu’n feirniaid cyson o bolisi dyhuddo Prydain tuag at Hitler ac yn 1940 olynodd Neville Chamberlain fel arweinydd Llywodraeth Prydain. Gwasanaethodd fel Prif Weinidog y Deyrnas Unedig yn ystod yr Ail Ryfel Byd gan arwain y wlad i fuddugoliaeth yn 1945. Collodd Churchill a’r Blaid Geidwadol Etholiad Cyffredinol 1945 ond dychwelodd i bŵer fel Prif Weinidog rhwng 1951 a 1955. Roedd hefyd yn awdur llyfrau hanes ac atgofion. Cynnwys Prif Weinidog y Deyrnas Unedig Cyfnod yn y swydd Teulu 10 Mai 1940 – 27 Gorffennaf 1945 Gyrfa wleidyddol Rhagflaenydd Neville Chamberlain Terfysg Tonypandy Olynydd Clement Attlee Yr Ail Ryfel Byd Cyfnod yn y swydd Marwolaeth 26 Hydref 1951 – 7 Ebrill 1955 Cyfeiriadau Rhagflaenydd Clement Attlee Olynydd Anthony Eden Teulu Geni 30 Tachwedd 1874 Roedd Churchill yn fab i’r Arglwydd Randolph Churchill a’i wraig Jennie Palas Blenheim, Woodstock, (cyfenw morwynol Jerome). Roedd ei dad, yr Arglwydd Randolph Churchill, Swydd Rydychen yn wleidydd Ceidwadol uchel ei barch. Marw Ionawr 24, 1965 (90 oed) Priododd Clementine Hozier ar 12 Medi 1908, yn Eglwys Santes Marged, San Parc Hyde Gate, Llundain Steffan. Bu'n byw yn Chartwell, Caint, o 1922. Ganwyd iddynt bedwar o blant: Plaid wleidyddol Ceidwadol Diana Churchill (1909-1963) Randolph Churchill (1911-1968) Adnoddau Dysgu Sarah Churchill (1914-1982) Rhestr o adnoddau dysgu ar gyfer y Marigold Frances Churchill (1918-1921) pwnc yma CBAC Gyrfa wleidyddol Dirwasgiad a Rhyfel (http://resource. download.wjec.co.uk.s3.amazonaws. 1902 - Mentrodd i'r byd gwleidyddol fel AS Ceidwadol, gan newid plaid yn com/vtc/2016-17/16-17_2-42/cym/dirw ddiweddarach ac ymuno â’r Rhyddfrydwyr. Daeth yn gyfeillgar â Lloyd George a asgiad-a-rhyfel-cym.pdf) gyda’i gilydd gwthion nhw lawer o ddiwygiadau cymdeithasol trwy’r Senedd. Dadleuon Hanesyddol (http://res 1910 – Gorchmynnodd anfon milwyr i dorri streic y glowyr yn Nhonypandy ource.download.wjec.co.uk.s3.a mazonaws.com/vtc/2014-15/histo 1914 - Pan ddechreuodd y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf, dewiswyd Churchill i fod yn gyfrifol am ry/timeline/pdf/Dadleuon%20han y Llynges Frenhinol fel Prif Arglwydd y Morlys. Roedd yn Brif Arglwydd egnïol ac esyddol.pdf) effeithlon, ond beirniadwyd ei gynlluniau i ymosod ar Dwrci a Gallipoli. Rhoddwyd y Cefnogi astudiaeth fanwl 1900– bai ar Churchill a bu’n rhaid iddo ymddiswyddo. Aeth i ymladd wedyn ar y Ffrynt 1918 (http://resource.download.w Gorllewinol gyda Ffiwsilwyr Brenhinol y Sgotiaid. 1917 – Gyda Lloyd George yn Brif Weinidog cafodd swydd yn y llywodraeth, sef jec.co.uk.s3.amazonaws.com/vtc/ Gweinidog Arfau Rhyfel. Gweithiodd Churchill yn galed i gyflymu’r cyflenwad o arfau 2014-15/history/timeline/indexC.h rhyfel ar gyfer y ffrynt. Yna cafodd swydd fel y Gweinidog Rhyfel. tml) 1922 - Ar ôl y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf arhosodd David Lloyd George mewn grym tan 1922. Wedi hynny, arhosodd Churchill yn y Llywodraeth gan ymuno â’r Ceidwadwyr unwaith Adolygwyd testun yr erthygl hon gan eto. arbenigwyr pwnc ac mae'n addas i'w 1924 - 1929 Bu’n Ganghellor y Trysorlys yn llywodraeth Doriaidd Stanley Baldwin ddefnyddio mewn addysg rhwng 1924 a 1929. Yn y cyfnod hwn, roedd yn cael ei ddrwgdybio gan y pleidiau gwleidyddol eraill. Ni allai llawer o’i gyd Geidwadwyr ymddiried ynddo oherwydd iddo fod yn Rhyddfrydwr ar un adeg, ac roedd y Rhyddfrydwyr wedi colli ffydd ynddo oherwydd iddo droi at y Torïaid. Enynodd gasineb y glowyr oherwydd ei orchymyn i anfon milwyr i dorri streic y glowyr yn Nhonypandy yn 1910 ac atgasedd Cyngres yr Undebau Llafur (TUC: Trade Union Congress) am ei ymdrechion i dorri’r Streic Gyffredinol yn 1926. Erbyn 1929 roedd wedi cweryla â sawl aelod o’i blaid ei hun ac yn feirniadol iawn o bolisïau’r llywodraeth. 1940-45 Roedd yn Brif Weinidog Prydain adeg yr Ail Ryfel Byd ac arweiniodd y wlad i fuddugoliaeth yn erbyn yr Almaen Natsïaidd. 1945 – Collodd y Blaid Geidwadol yr Etholiad Cyffredinol. Y Blaid Lafur dan arweiniad Clement Attlee oedd bellach mewn grym. 1951 – Ailetholwyd ef yn Brif Weinidog ar lywodraeth Dorïaidd Churchill yn 1916 ar y Ffrynt 1955 – Ymddiswyddodd fel Prif Weinidog oherwydd afiechyd ond parhaodd i fod yn Aelod Gorllewinol gyda Ffiwsilwyr [1][2] Seneddol tan 1964. Brenhinol y Sgotiaid Terfysg Tonypandy Er bod Churchill fel arfer yn cael ei gofio fel arweinydd llwyddiannus yn ystod yr Ail Ryfel Byd, yn Ne Cymru roedd drwgdeimlad yn ei erbyn (sy'n parhau hyd heddiw) oherwydd y ffordd y deliodd â streic glowyr Tonypandy ym 1910.[3] Gwrthdaro treisgar rhwng glowyr a’r heddlu oedd Terfysg Tonypandy yn 1910 sy’n cael ei weld fel anghydfod diwydiannol mwyaf chwerw’r cyfnod. Un o brif ddigwyddiadau Terfysg Tonypandy oedd yr hyn a ddigwyddodd nos Fawrth, 8 Tachwedd 1910, pan fu’r streicwyr yn ymladd â’u dyrnau yn erbyn Heddlu Morgannwg, oedd â Heddlu Dinas Bryste wrth gefn. Ymyrrodd yr heddlu Heddlu'n blocio'r strydoedd yn ystod y pan ddechreuodd y streicwyr dorri ffenestri busnesau yn Nhonypandy. Anfonwyd terfysgoedd. galwadau gan swyddogion lleol at Lywodraeth Llundain i gael cymorth milwrol i ymdopi â’r sefyllfa fygythiol. Oherwydd y penderfyniad gan Winston Churchill, fel yr Ysgrifennydd Cartref, i anfon milwyr i’r ardal i gefnogi’r heddlu’n fuan ar ôl y terfysgoedd ar 8 Tachwedd, bu drwgdeimlad tuag ato yn Ne Cymru gydol ei fywyd. Mae cyfrifoldeb a rôl Winston Churchill yn y terfysgoedd yn parhau i fod yn bwnc llosg sydd wedi ysgogi cryn ddadlau ac anghytuno ymysg haneswyr.[4][5] Mae rhai haneswyr o’r farn bod ei benderfyniad i anfon y milwyr wedi achosi mwy o wrthdaro a chynyddu’r gwrthwynebiad i brotestiadau’r gweithwyr ac yn y pen draw wedi arwain at fethiant streic y gweithwyr.[3] Yr Ail Ryfel Byd I’r rhan fwyaf o bobl Prydain, roedd y cynghreiriaid yn fuddugol yn 1945 o ganlyniad i arweinyddiaeth ysbrydoledig Churchill. Yn ystod y 1930au roedd Churchill wedi bod yn un o feirniaid mwyaf llafar ‘polisi dyhuddo’ Llywodraeth Stanley Baldwin a Neville Chamberlain. Roedd yn awyddus iawn i berswadio’r llywodraeth a phobl Prydain i beidio ag ymddiried yn Stalin, Mussolini na Hitler oherwydd credai bod y polisi dyhuddo yn gamgymeriad a fyddai’n arwain at ryfel yn y pen draw. Ond ychydig iawn a wrandawodd ar ei rybuddion ynglŷn â pheryglon comiwnyddiaeth, ffasgaeth a Natsïaeth. Nid oedd y cyhoedd eisiau gwrando arno. Roeddent yn ofni'r posibilrwydd o ryfel arall, ac felly roedd yn well ganddyn nhw gredu yn y polisi tramor heddychlon yr oedd Baldwin a Chamberlain yn ei ddilyn. Roedd ffordd Churchill o ddelio â phobl fel Hitler yn ymddangos yn ymosodol iddyn nhw, ac felly roedd yn siŵr o arwain at ryfel. Gyda chychwyn y rhyfel ym mis Medi 1939 roedd rhybuddion Churchill wedi dod yn wir. Rhoddodd y Prif Weinidog, Neville Chamberlain rôl Prif Arglwydd y Morlys i Churchill. Ar ôl yr ymosodiad ar Ffrainc ym mis Mai 1940, ac ar ôl araith bwerus gan Lloyd George yn dweud wrtho y dylai fynd, ymddiswyddodd Chamberlain. Roedd rhai Aelodau Seneddol o blaid rhoi swydd y Prif Weinidog i ddirprwy Chamberlain, Arglwydd Halifax, ond yn y pen draw, cytunwyd mai Churchill fyddai’r dyn mwyaf addas i arwain y llywodraeth glymblaid newydd. Roedd Churchill yn arweinydd rhyfel poblogaidd. Dechreuodd godi ysbryd truenus pobl Prydain drwy roi areithiau angerddol ac ymweld yn bersonol ag amrywiol rannau o’r wlad. Byddai’n mynd ar daith o amgylch y dinasoedd a oedd wedi cael eu bomio i ddangos cefnogaeth pan oedd y Blitz ar ei waethaf. Hyd yn oed pan Churchill yn ymweld â milwyr yn Normandi, oedd Prydain yn dioddef problemau difrifol fel Dunkirk ym mis Mai 1940, y 1944 gorchfygiad yn rhyfel y diffeithdir ym mis Ionawr 1941 a chwymp Singapôr i Japan ym mis Chwefror 1942, roedd Churchill yn codi ysbryd ei gydwladwyr drwy roi’r argraff ei fod yn credu’n gryf y bydden nhw’n ennill y rhyfel. Roedd yn areithiwr penigamp a oedd yn medru ysbrydoli pobl. Dechreuodd ‘Ymgyrch at Fuddugoliaeth’ Churchill ym mrwydr El Alamein ym mis Hydref 1942. Penododd y Cadfridog Montgomery i arwain Byddin Prydain yng Ngogledd Affrica yn llwyddiannus. Trechwyd yr Almaenwyr yn llwyr yn El Alamein ac eto yn Tiwnisia a Sisili. Churchill wnaeth annog cadfridogion y cynghreiriaid i oresgyn yr Eidal ym mis Gorffennaf 1943 a Ffrainc (D-Day) ym mis Mehefin 1944. Wedi ei annog gan Stalin i lansio ymosodiad yn Ewrop, fel y byddai’r Almaenwyr yn gorfod ymladd ar ddwy ffrynt, ac ar ôl i UDA ymuno â’r rhyfel, penderfynodd Churchill bod ymosodiad gan y Cynghreiriaid ar Ewrop yn allweddol i ennill y rhyfel yn Ewrop. Mynnodd, serch hynny, bod angen cynllunio gofalus a chymerwyd bron i ddwy flynedd i wneud hynny. Cynlluniwyd ymosodiad y Cynghreiriaid yn Ewrop gan y Cadfridog Dwight Eisenhower, Pencadlywydd Cynghreiriol (Supreme Allied Commander) a ffug-enw’r ymosodiad oedd Operation Overlord. Yn 1953 etholwyd Eisenhower yn Arlywydd UDA. Olynwyd ef yn y swydd gan John Fitzgerald Kennedy yn 1961.[6] Drwy ei waith caled sicrhaodd Churchill bod arweinwyr rhyfel y cynghreiriaid, sef Franklin D.
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