U. S. FOREST SERVICE 4 RESOURCE BULLETIN fr “C P5W- 1 1965 13 40C. <3 23 C, S 1• 1’ ,0 19 1<, C, O11. C A Record 1 1110. 1 .15 C 0°of Forest Plantings 17 in Hawaii ) Robert E. Nelson
‘I ‘I 03 )1C •4931 03 13 ‘5 C 0; 6 19 0/ 1-. ‘S 16. 0; <3 0j 19 2 C,4 7c?ó J4 0; ) <30 1.91 03 93 .1ç.31 1ç0 36 1 1% 3 I 0; 1j5 0; 3) 9 I -? 7 Oj .?3 6<3i 19 03 <34 j93? 1” ‘J&1, 03 <3% 088 14 13 03 1),, 197 03 66 t944C;4 4 C’ 9 ‘ ;0 14, 1i6 193% 0? 3 kA 0 19 0; ,9o 1919 o ) 0 9 0 r 9 0 1i’ 0, - 119 0 01) c’o 0;Oo S 03 I <3 19 ‘ 09 4 2g’99 a’ 5o i$ a 360 ?3 00 0 •1Q 31 ‘?4 t? 0 6 196 l?31 ?‘ 0 0 “5 I9 0 13 , —‘ — ° o Pacific Southwest Forest and Range ) Experiment Station - Berkeley, California Forest Service - U. S. Department of Agriculture in 1 5 2 2 5 4 the of 16 17 survey 1957, Page of 1941, unit, and Center, in completed Since forest This University mapping supervisor Research the Service is recently office. at 1908-1960. Station’s Hawaii field California. Hawaii Forest which in the in resources. 000, Hawaii, Hawaii, Hawaii the on forestry became Division, in in 10, uthor in Survey, he Station’s A forest planted joined working the than The Station’s vegetation later Forestry He degree of the and plantings plantings Contents began State’s species Data of years he Hawaii chief the greater soils 1908-1960 of 1908-1960 Soil-Vegetation is the of Honolulu. 1946 bachelor’s Three Cited charge in a Appraisal In --Forest --Tree --Forest in upland with 1. survey 2. 3. NEL5 for genera, numbers been E. earning Cooperative by in byfamily, first California. has Table Table Literature Need Table Arrangement Introduction Appendix the classifying cooperation State after of headquartered he California.
0
a
) in of and use the sev and for part to has as bring is major and began and the species records the up trees possibly purpose For to other attention continued about on flourish the of different early the 000 are dealbata latest any to Hawaii has number as rating importance. Follow-up appraised described control Island As important agencies) for overlooked. efforts Commissioners be in valuable 200, the purposes by organized greater he many organized organizations, an Big of wbrk found adaptability been an Acacia plants larger been the Plantation work information the about work. major erosion of cannot the much islands . economic on has report . have forms to those Board includes forestry private introductions Superintendent for of much continuing. maintain potentially doubt, a forest of Nor predecessor there wrote contribution for tFiese to same Hilo and detailed trees of no receive still introduced introduction its to trees species reviewed in some 1963). (Hawaii that contains. Government amongst the from sometimes is introduction made (1886) Hosmer, agencies, introduced adaptability (and tree In in as phase species have, many and hundreds Islands. should now S. exotic (1930) “The . provided in tree adapted plain, so significant . been years” Such of introduced their new the a in windbreaks is that Lubker selection introduced that many species 1912). Arboretum Similarly, of (Richmond it Ralph engaged as Division have have century (1959) by better cultivated important the Pauoa. the recent brought made Government active Zschokke 1886, most species. of the have in eyaluate are be 1912, and have “An Territory world of In been of mainly species it Bryan throughout already Waiakea reported efforts plantings. to all Introducing Forestry In . most (1947) Forestry Among . the the investigation use adaptability the and not which “. turn timber “sleepers.” and should in which Islands. the of upon, given Makiki made (1887) into and the but the research. Bryan individuals species, and Hawaii of line sustained culture....” been species. introduced been purposes. years; trees, been Hawaii. ar.eas a Carlson emphasized: species of introductions No valuable Many experimental of The in is the between Walker ew Hawaiian important many could has before climate....” pycnantha: all several Arbor Agriculture forestry useful sites some attempt that 1946. of eral of adaptability 1887 This of some estry,
fuelwood. F experimented introduction over A. kinds group of forestry than this appraisal hills useful in probably of
well
0
0 Q ) ) ) ) pated of extracted S. plants gardneri, primary precise tion we actual plants ings. any are yield and reports Division purposes also species past the by about and now from for Hawaii. Forest the have ‘Nelson, best problems a troublesome. duplications. coded of to underway. planted plantings--the information previous systematic One Ideally The plantings • Other • • Preparatory The Plans of We species other Hawaii field some and Serv., locations have before not kinds of tabular Where reports Adaptability number which based Suitability 1958. on listing a data recognized over-all information degree Robert coded the plantings, shrubby yet agencies for than different and we been Honolulu, of Division staff of appraisal work obtained were on (Unpublished 1917. made tapped most and the Its listings wanted we extraction.
E. in Arrangement from trees planted. begins appraisal trees of useful growth, A favored
But to Need purpose compiling of most of objectives initial included when Plan of outplantings. tree and serious planted. the and by of Hawaii.) that the sites Records tree from 1954 the the number, these of to too, were accurate with species for the for to work. have Forest field important planted grow individuals Forestry each recorded report the wealth Forest in form, guide of species in an to this is this for three Hawaii handicap these sources. the the transferred past been
original for Hawaii. initial work, to 1960; are The Service’s species of and for on as information. as compilation. species plantings, provide future at information information. and of seedlings Survey sources: file forest to Synonyms timber -2- in complete next compiled from reports for related phase Division 28 information and
survey Appraisal we have compile our wood is records at locations timber was Forestry Underway researchl. species compiled (c) the Pacific Abelia 1917-1954; plantings, a in compilation. to
of of records production of reference to quality. Roger planted earlier planted, annual several Hawaii punch (a) lack this a of to and the on organized site record production, Research Although contain Forestry2.
guide Data SW. Card in chinensis, G. in available timber species work. of errors is available factors. this cards of Forestry Skolmen forest 18 than pointed and information native to field (5) This and records and tree to and as Forest Center, resource gain omissions, listing the monthly We introduced 1908 aid records & in possible. dates identity, from facilitate and other appraisal appraisal far plantings, Range species only plant out We included full information in Division Hawaii, Ronald did Reserves. maintained outweighs in is which selecting of the extracted Expt. forestry benefit two about Forestry the Aberia of: naming not plant loca errors, need M. were the partici Territory of is Sta., two but Lanner
U.
0 Q 1 ( ( Between 1928 and 1941 a total of 16, 088 plants of A. gardneri were () planted. This list ends with Zizyphus jujuba, a small tree; 51 plants of this species were set out in only one location on Oahu in 1926. All told, nearly 1, 100 species are listed as planted.from 1908 to 1960. Of this total, about 800 are tree species; the balance are shrubs, vines, herbs, ferns, grasses, or palms. This listing also shows 136 plantings made, involving nearly 27, 000 plants, in which the species are not identified. Another arrangement of the data lists the plantings in each Forest Reserve. It shows for example, that 55 tree species and 2 shrub species have been planted in the Kalepa Reserve on the Island of Kauai. About 48, 000 plants were set out in all in this Reserve between 1944 and 1958. This listing also shows that 1, 198, 000 plants have been set out in the Honolulu Forest Reserve. From limited literature review and first hand knowledge, each listed species has been tentatively rated for probable silvical adapta bility in Hawaii and for its use potential for wood products. These pre liminary va1ue” ratings, as well as information on location and number of trees planted, provide the basis for screening species and selecting plantings for field appraisal. We have gathered this information about the planting work of the Forestry Division primarily to enable us to evaluate and select the best tree species for forestry purposes in Hawaii. As information from. field evaluations becomes available it will be reported. Meantime the infor mation already compiled serves as a valuable reference for investiga tors and others in research. Part of this organized reference material ) is summarized in the appendix that follows.
)
0 ) Walker, Richmond, Lubker, Zchokke, Hawaii Dalla Bryan, Carison, 1887. 1930. 1963. 1886. 1907. 1900- 1912. 1959. 1947. Torre, Board L. Thomas F. Norman Theodore A Hawaii Report pp. Forest Expt. Report Hawaiian Species The Hawaiian (Hawaii) 229-230. Genera Honolulu: 568 Twenty-five W. George manual C. of pp. 73-76, wattle Sta., Commissioners G. R. Agr. for of Serv. K., siphonogamarum trials 6(ll):53l-533. B. Leipzig: C. timber Planters’ for
committee de, Literature Trustees trees. the Honolulu, Berkeley, and years Ext. tree Res. and at biennial Bryan, the for Serv. Harms, planting G. of The Paper Record Bernice Waiakea the on forestry Hawaii. Engelman. of Calif., period Planters’ forestry. -4- L. Ext. coming Agriculture ad PSW-4, H. in W. 51(1): systema P. the Arboretum, Bul. work ending 21 generations.
Bishop Cited 1-80, Hawaiian Monthly pp.., Pacific The 5, on englerianum and December 50 illus. the Planters’ illus. Estate. pp., Forestry. (Hawaii) Hilo, SW. island Islands. illus. 112 Forest Hawaii. 31, Monthly of conscripta, pp., 6(9): Hawaii. 1912. Univ. & illus. Range U.
S.
o)
Q Q
( ( 0 Appendix Table 1. --Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, l908l9601
: :No. of No. :Growt GeneraV : Fami1y.J’ :species: planted :form
Abelia (Linnaea) Caprifoliacae 1 2 S Aberia (Donyalis) Flacourtiaceae 1 16,088 T,S Abies Pinaceae 5 359 T Abutilon Malvaceae 2 10 S Acacia Leguminosae 20 1,547,413 T,S Acalypha Euphorbiaceae 1 2 S Acer Aceraceae 4 361 T Achras Sapotaceae 1 300 T Ackama Cunoniaceae 1 89 T Acoelorraphe Palmae 1 3 P
Acrocarpus Leguminosae 1 312 T Actinidia Dilleniaceae 1 2 .5 Actinophloeus (Drymophloeus) Palmae 1 3 P Adansonia Bombacaceae 1 188 T Adenanthera Leguminosae 1 1,406 T Aegle Rutaceae 1 12 T Aesculus Hippocastanaceae 1 7 T,S Aframomum Zingiberaceae 1 6 H Afzelia Leguminosae 1 1 T Agathis Pinaceae 4 2,228 T
Agave Amaryllidaceae 1 1,600 S Ailanthus Simarubaceae 1 1,740 T Ajuga Labiatae * 4 H Albizia (Albizzia) Leguminosae 14 303,795 T Alectryon Sapindaceae 1 1 T Aleurites Euphorbiaceae 3 16,433 T Allamanda Apocynaceae 1 214 S Alnus Betulaceae 5 44,113 T Alocasia Araceae 2 9 H Alpinia Zingiberaceae 2 140 H ) Alyxia Apocynaceae 1 10 V Amoora Meliaceae 2 43 T Anacardium Anacardiaceae 1 773 T Andira Leguminosae 1 40 T Angiopteris Marrattiaceae I. 1 F Angophora Myrtaceae 2 21,451 T Anona Anonaceae 5 821 T,S Anthurium Araceae 1 1 H Ant idesma Euphorbiaceae 2 15 T Aphanamixis Meliaceae 2 32 T
Aphelandra Acanthaceae 1 70 S Aralia Araliaceae 1 6 S ) See footnotes at end of table.
0 -5- n Table 1. --Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, 1908_19601, continued. C)
:No. of : No. :Grow 2/ Genera— : Family’— :species: planted :form—
Araucaria Pinaceae 7 153,829 T Arbutus Ericaceae 1 8 T Archontophoenix Palmae 1 17 P Ardisia Myrsinaceae 2 251 S,T Areca Palmae 1 2 P Arenga Palmae 1 2 P Argania Sapotaceae 1 1 T Argyroxiphium Compositae 1 50 H
Artocarpus Moraceae 5 2,749 T Aspidistra Liliaceae 1 16 H Azalea Ericaceae 1 307 $ Baccharis Compositae 1 6 S Bambusa Gramineae 2 7,450 G Baphia Leguminosae I I T Barringtonia Lecythidaceae 2 47 T Bassia (Illipe) Sapotaceae 1 1 T Bauhinia Leguminosae 14 716 T,S,V Begonia Begoniaceae * 72 H
Beloperone Acanthaceae 1 3 S Betula Betulaceae 1 30 T Bidens Compositae 1 4 H icE) Bignonia Bignoniaceae * 4 H Bischofia Euphorbiaceae 1 6,553 T Bixa Bixaceae 1 96 T Blighia Sapindaceae 1 9 T Bocconia Papaveraceae 1 4 S Bombax Bombacaceae 3 720 T Bombycidendron (Hibiscus) Nalvaceae 2 263 T
Bougainvillea Nyctaginaceae * 11 S,V Brachychiton Sterculiaceae 5 4,399 T Brassaia Araliaceae 2 1,489 T Brexia $axifragaceae 1 19 T Breynia Euphorbiaceae 1 24 S ( Bridelia Euphorbiaceae 2 382 T Broussonetia Noraceae 1 18 T Brownea Leguminosae 2 5 T Bruguiera Rhizophoraceae 1 133 T Bucida Combretaceae 1 2 T
Bucklandia Hamamelidaceae 1 8 T Bumelia Sapotaceae 1 2,791 T Butea Leguminosae 1 152 T Cactus Cactaceae * 2 H Caesalpinia Leguminosae 2 208 T,S Calamus Palmae 1 2 P
See footnotes at end of table. V f
-6- V ( -.
1 Table 1. --Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, 1908-1960 , continued
: :No. of No. :Growt Cenera.’ Fami1y.” :species: planted :foruit
Calliandra Leguminosae 2 63 S Callicarpa Verbenaceae 1 17 S Callistemon Myrtaceae 2 3,105 S,T Callitris Pinaceae 7 6,183 T
Calocarpum (Lucuma) Sapotaceae 1 2 T Calodendrum Rutaceae 1 56 T Calophyllum -Guttiferae 5 1,751 T Calotropis Asclepiadaceae 1 16 S Calpurnia Leguminosae 1 2 S Calycophyllum Rubiaceae 1 11 T Camellia (Thea) Theaceae 3 30 $ Cananga (Canangium) Anonaceae 1 41 T Canarium Burseraceae 3 24 T Canthium (Plectronia) Rubiaceae 1 227 S
Carica Caricaceae 1 103 T,S Carludovica Cyclanthaceae 1 358 S Carya Juglandaceae 3 514 T Caryota Palmae 1 6 P Casimiroa Rutaceae 1 460 T Cassia Leguminosae 16 3,436 T,S Q Castanea Fagaceae 5 650 T,S Castanospermum Leguminosae 1 1,187 T Castilla (Castilloa) Moraceae 1 42 T Casuarina Casuarinaceae 13 1,136,217 T
Catalpa Bignoniaceae 3 3,621 T ) Cavanillesia Bombacaceae 1 56 T Cecropia Moraceae 1 752 T Cedrela Meliaceae 3 3,549 T Cedrus Pinaceae 1 102 T Ceiba Bombacaceae 1 1,662 T Celtis Ulmaceae 2 2 T,S Centrolobium Leguminosae 1 1 T Ceodes (Pisonia) Nyctaginaceae 1 4 T Ceratonia Leguminosae 1 9 T
Cerbera Apocynaceae 1 3 T Cercis Leguminosae 1 42 T Cestrum Solanaceae 2 235 $ Chaenomeles (Cydonia) Rosaceae 1 1 $ ) Chamaecyparis Pinaceae 5 56,656 T Chamaedorea Palmae 1 10 P Chamaefistula (Cassia) Leguminosae 1 1 T,S Charpentiera Amarantaceae 1 3 T,S Chiranthodendron Sterculiaceae 1 5 T Chorisia Bombacaceae 1 4 T
See footnotes at end of table.
0 -7-
r Table 1. --Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, 1908_19601, continued ()
: No. of No. :Grow Genera’ Famil3’ species planted :forit±
Chrysalidocarpus (Hyophorbe) Palmae 1 61 P Cibotium Cyatheaceae 1 27 F Cinnamomum Lauraceae 3 5,116 T Cipadessa Meliaceae * 20 S Citharexylum Verbenaceae 1 367 T Citrullus Cucurbitaceae 1 26 V Citrus Rutaceae * 8,798 T,S Cladium Cyperaceae 1 230 H Claoxylon Euphorbiaceae 1 1 S Clematis Ranunculaceae * 2 V
Clerodendron Verbenaceae 2 1,894 T,S Clusia Guttiferae 1 60 T Coccoloba Polygonaceae 1 995 T,S Cochiospermum Cochlospermaceae 1 83 T Cocos Palmae * 25,452 P Coelococcus Palmae 1 17 P Coffea Rubiaceae 2 366 T,S Colensoa (Pratia) Campanulaceae 1 6 H Colubrina Rhamnaceae 2 2,436 T,S Colutea Leguminosae 1 27 S
Colvillea Leguminosae 1 1 T Congea Verbenaceae 1 2 S Conocarpus(Leucadendron) Proteaceae 1 84 T,S Copaifera Leguminosae 1 46 T Coprosma Rubiaceae * 1 S Cordia Borraginaceae 10 2,844 T Cordyline Liliaceae 2 118,460 H,S ( Cornus Cornaceae 1 4 T,S Corylus Betulaceae 2 14 S Corynocarpus Corynocarpaceae 1 5,145 T
Costus Zingiberaceae 1 24 S Cotoneaster Rosaceae 4 150 S Crescentia Bignoniaceae 1 2,290 T Cryptomeria Pinaceae 1 499,306 T Cryptostegia Asclepiadaceae 1 233 V-,S Cunninghamia Pinaceae 1 11,040 T Cupressus Pinaceae 12 254,273 T Cuscuta Convolvulaceae 1 287 V Cyanea Campanulaceae 2 8 S Cydonia Rosaceae 1 29 T
Cynometra Leguminosae 1 100 T,S Cyperus Cyperaceae 1 9 G Cyphomandra Solanaceae 1 12 S Dacrydium Taxaceae 1 4 T
See footnotes at end of table. 4
-8- 01
S
$ T
$ T,S
T T
T T
$ T P T
S,H
S S T,S
S S T T,S T T
T,S T,S P
T,S T, T
T T T T
T,S T,S
T
T
T
T
S C
P
T *
H
:forn
:Growt
2
1
6
2 7
1
1 7 2
1 2
*
20
20
71
28
10
14
16
36
86
25
24 21
36
181
399
153
224 826 424 438
718
continued 408 588
,
4,093
7,455 2,100
4,115
16,067
49,002
No..
128,694 686,893
1
planted
.4,220,996
1 1
1 1
1
5
1 1 1 2
1 1 5
1 3 4
1
1 1 1 1 1
1 2
1 8
1 8 2
1 1
2
2
1
1
of 1 1
5 * 3 *
*
36
89
l9Oo-l90
:No.
:species: genera,
.
by
-9-
Fami1y
Hawaii
Sterculiaceae
Sapindaceae Guttiferae
Oleaceae Ginkgoaceae Legumiüosae
Sapindaceae Compositae Palmae
Rutaceae Rubiaceae
Palmae
Rutaceae
Euphorbiaceae Theaceae Loganiaceae
Sterculiaceae Celastraceae Polygonaceae Malpighiaceae
Bignoniaceae Rosaceae
Sapindaceae Leguminosae Moraceae
Leguminosae
Elaeocarpaceae Acanthaceae Myrtaceae
Verbenaceae
Myrtaceae Myrtaceae
in
Dipterocarpaceae
Ebenaceae Meliaceae
Solanaceae Dilleniaceae Leguminosae
Gramineae Malvaceae
Palmae
Araceae
Leguminosae
Leguminosae :
table. plantings of end
at
--Forest
(Nephelium)
(Derris)
1.
GeneraV (Orthostemon)
footnotes
Table
Ginkgo Gleditsia
Fitchia Galphimia
Flindersia Fraxinus Gardenia
Ficus Fortunella Gaussia
Feijoa Filicium Firmiana Garcinia
Fagraea Euterpe See
Eurya
Eriogonum Eugenia Euphoria
Eriobotrya Erythrina Eucalyptus Euphorbia
Durio Elaeodendron Enterolobium Eranthemum
Entandrophragma
Dombeya Elaeocarpus
Dolichandrone Duranta
Diospyros Dipterocarpus Dodonaea
Diplotropis
Dieffenbachia Dillenia
Desmoncus
Dalbergia Dendrocalamus
Deguelia
Datura
a )
Leea
Lecythis Latania
Larix
Lagunaria
Lagerstroemia
See
Kokia
Koelreuteria
Kleinhovia
Kigelia Juniperus
Khaya
Juglans
Jacquinia
Jacaranda
Ixora
Hyophorbe
Ipomoea
Intsia
Inga
Hymenaea
Ilex Hymenosporum
Idesia Hydnocarpus
Hovenia
Holmskioldia
Hibiscus
Hopea
Hevea Helianthus
Hedychium Hedera Haematoxylon
Harpullia Guilielma
Hakea Gynocardia
Guaiacum Grevillea
Guazuma
Grewia Gliricidia
Gossypium
footnotes
Table
Genera—
(Bactris)
1.
at
--Forest
end
2/
of
table.
plantings
:
:
Malvaceae
Lecythidaceae Nalvaceae
Vitaceae Pinaceae
Palmae
Lythraceae
Meliaceae
Sapindaceae
Bignoniaceae Pinaceae
Sterculiaceae
Juglandaceae
Theophrastaceae
Bignoniaceae Rubiaceae
Leguminosae Aquifoliaceae
Leguminosae
Convolvulaceae
Palmae
Flacourtiaceae Leguminosae
Pittosporaceae
Malvaceae
Rhamnaceae
Flacourtiaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Verbenaceae Araliaceae
Leguminosae
Compositae
Zingiberaceae Proteaceae
Palmae
Flacourtiaceae Zygophyllaceae Proteaceae Malvaceae
Sapindaceae Tiliaceae
Sterculiaceae
Leguminosae
in
-10- Hawaii
Family—
by
genera,
:species:
:No.
4
2
1
1
5
2
1
2
6 4
1 1 *
3 1908_19601,
1
5
1
1
1
4
1 1
1
1 3
1
8
1
1
1 3
1 1
1
1
1 1 4
1 1
1
1
2
of
2,242,027
planted
107,729
10,207
5,219
7,687 No.
1,898 7,166
8,027
1,984
1,081
2,075
567
447
297
137
115
285 268
650
24
766 394
100
323 14
______
11
85
12
51
45
6
26
1
6
9 continued
3
2
6 4
3
2
1
4
1
:
:
T P
S T
T
T,S
T
T
T
T
T
T,S
Grow17
T,S
T
T
V form—
S T
T
T,S
T
P
T T
T
T
T
H
$ T
T,S H
T T
$ T
S T
P T
T,S
T
T,S
$
0
0
(
______I 4 T $ T T V T T T V 1’ T $ T T S T T T T S T T,S T T T H P T T S T T T S,V V T T S T S H T S T * :Growtli :form’ 1 6 2 4 2 2 4 3 24 87 81 39 30 52 14 24 11 47 23 23 31 13 28 continued 46 149 111 139 425 101 101 229 545 727 631 250 , 1,900 5,705 2,445 2,246 1 1,553 17,981 46,186 20,411 10,614 No. 1,737,323 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 1 2 1 8 1 1 1 2 1 * 1 1 3 3 2 2 * 1 1 1 1 1 1 * 1 of 4 1908-1960 :No. :species:planted genera, by Family./ Hawaii in Sapotaceae Elaeocarpaceae $terculiaceae Rubiaceae Sapindaceae Leguminosae Araceae Leguminosae Araceae Pinaceae Moringaceae Moraceae Bignoniaceae Leguminosae Palmae Guttiferae Euphorbiaceae Aizoaceae Leguminosae Apocynaceae Malvaceae Leguminosae Anacardiaceae Myrtaceae Cucurbitaceae Caprifoliaceae Sapotaceae Rosaceae Euphorbiaceae Meliaceae Leguminosae Myrtaceae Leguminosae Proteaceae Magnoliaceae Malpighiaceae Sapindaceae Moraceae Verbenaceae Compositae Compositae Oleaceae Pinaceae Leguminosae Myrtaceae : plantings table. of end -Forest - at (Mezoneurum) (Thespesia) 1. Genera/ (Pirus) Table footnotes Muntingia Morus Morinda Moringa Montrichardia Mucuna Millettia Monstera Metasequoia Metrosideros Mimosa Mimusops Montezuma Melia See Melaleuca Melochia Mesembrianthemum Mezoneuron Mandevilla Markhamia Martinezia Melicocca Mangifera Manihot Machaerium Mammea Malus Lucuina Luffa Macadamia Macaranga Magnolia Lupinus Lysiloma Maclura Malpighia Lonicera Litchi Lippia Ligularia Linociera Leuceria Libocedrus
Leptospermum Lespedeza
0
Q
1 )
) )
See
Photinia
Phormium
Philodendron
Phoenix Philadeiphus
Phaeomeria
Peltophorum
Persea
Pelea
Paulownia
Pas.siflora
Parinarium
Pandanas
Palagea
Panax
Pahudia
Palaquium Pachira
Osteomeles
Osmanthus
Ormosia Oreodoxa
Oncoba
Omphalea
Olneya
Olea Ochrosia
Ochroma
Ochna
Nyssa
Nothocestrum
Noronhia
Nesoluma Myrsine
Myroxylon
Nerium Myrospermum
Neowawrae& Myrica Musa
Myoporum Murraya
Musanga
footnotes
Table
(Palovea)
(Bombax)
Genera
(Chrysophyllum)
1. at
-
-Forest
end
2!
of
table.
plantings
:
Rosaceae
Liliaceae
Palmae
Araceae
Lauraceae
Leguminosae
Rutaceae
Zingiberaceae
Saxifragaceae Passifloraceae
Rosaceae
Scrophulariaceae
Araliaceae
Pandanaceae Leguminosae
Leguminosae
Rosaceae
Oleaceae
Sapotaceae Bombacaceae
Leguminosae Palmae
Leguminosac
Euphorbiaceae
Flacourtiaceae Apocynaceae
Oleaceae
Ochnaceae
Bombacaceae Cornaceae
Oleaceae Apocynaceae Myrsinaceae
Solanaceae Musaceae
Moraceae
Euphorbiaceae Leguminosae Myricaceae
Sapotaceae Myoporaceae
Leguminosae Rutaceae
in
Hawaii
-12-
Family
by
genera,
:species: :No.
1908_19601,
*
2 *
1
*
1
1
1
1
1
*
2
1
1
1 1 2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1 *
1
1
1 *
1
1 2
1
*
1
1 3
of
1 1
1
1
planted
57,374
10,154
26,442
No.
16,723
1,810
1,471
8,961
7,029
2,695
1,126
718
166
153
206
504
128
181
219
25 970
34
continued
10
14
25
16 23
24
12 20
30
14 28
20
36
2
1 2
2
4
7 2
2
7
:form
:Growth
H
P
H,V H
S
S T
T
T
T
V
T
T
T
$ T T
T
P
T
$
T
T,S
T
* T,S
T
T
T
$
T,S
T
T
T
S T,S
T H
T,S
T
T,S
T
S
4
( ( S S,V T,S T T P T,S T T,S $ T T T T S T V S T T T T P T T,S T T T T T P T T T,S * T T T TV T T P T H :torm.3” :Grow 1 2 3 6 2 2 8 4 25 90 22 35 70 24 10 55 18 86 25 50 151 338 211 173 124 114 247 227 802 596 521 723 contiiiued. 1,167 1,835 1,083 1,092 7,271 1,820 2,398 5,597 2,615 V2432 26,840 No. 437,588 planted : 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 7 1 3 2 1 1 1 3 * 1 2 2 2 2 5 * 1 1 2 * * 5 * * * of 46 1908_19601,. V :No. :species: V V V genera, .V V V by -13- Family Hawaii Sapindaceae Salicaceae Palmae Punicaceae Rosaceae Pinaceae Fagaceae Apocynaceae Leguminosae Sapotaceae Polygonaceae Leguminosae Rosaceae Taxaceae Rubiaceae Palmae Apocynaceae Anonaceae Leguminosae Rôsaceae Araceae Pittosporaceae Solanaceae Platanaceae Leguminosae Moraceae Myrtaceae Palmae Pinaceae Nyctaginaceae Leguminosae Leguminosae Piperaceae Leguminosae Urticaceae Leguminosae Malvaceae Musaceae Pinaceae Apocynaceae Leguminosae Liliaceae Anacardiaceae Myrtaceae in : : table. plantings of .J end (Sideroxylon) -Forest at (Cotoneaster) - (Delonix) (Dracaena) (Plumiera) 1. Genera (Pirus) footnotes Table Pteralyxia Pyracantha Prosopis Psidium Pterocarpus Ptychosperma Punica Prunus Pseudomorus Pseudotsuga Pyrus Pongamia Populus Posoqueria Pothos Pritchardia Quercus Ravenala Pittosporum Podocarpus Poinciana Polyalthia Polygonum Pometia Piptadenia Pipturus Pisonia Planchonella Platanus Rauwolfia Picea Pimenta Pinanga Pinus Piper Pistacia Pithecellobium Plagianthus Physalis Piscidia Platymiscium Pleomele Plumeria Phyllocarpus See Q ) ) ) ) ) Table 1. - -Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, l908l96O1, continued
: :No. of : No. :Growth Genera.a” Family 2” :species: planted :form”
Reynoidsia Araliaceae 20 T Rhamnus Rhamnaceae 1 146 S Rhododendron Ericaceae 2 145 $ Rhus Anacardiaceae 2 38 T,S Ricinus Euphorbiaceae * 20 $ Robinia Leguminosae 1 2,215 T
Rubus Rosaceae * 98 S Sabal Palmae * 1,567 P Salix Salicaceae 3 130 T,S Samanea (Pithecellobium) Leguminosae 1 24,566 T Sambucus Caprifoliaceae * 801 T Sandoricum Meliaceae 1 3,545 T Santalum Santalaceae 2 20,655 T,S Sapindus Sapindaceae 2 2,305 T Sapium Euphorbiaceae 1 8 T Saraca Leguminosae 1 1 T
Saxifraga Saxifragaceae 1 2 H Scaevola Goodeniaceae * 442 $ Scheelea (Attalea) Palmae 1 1 P Schinus Anacardiaceae 2 13,759 T,S Schotia Leguminosae 1 1 T Sequoia Pinaceae 2 130,474 T Sesbania Leguminosae 2 1,121 T,S Sicana Cucurbitaceae 1 4 V Sida Malvaceae * 2 S Sideroxylon Sapotaceae 1 1 T
Solanum Solanaceae 8 1,675 T,H,S Sophora Leguminosae 4 514 T,S Spathodea Bignoniaceae 1 30,536 T Spondias Anacardiaceae 3 7,163 T Steamadenia Apocynaceae 1 3 T Stenocarpus Proteaceae 1 2 T Sterculia Sterculiaceae 1 22 T ( Straussia Rubiaceae * 24 T,S Strelitzia Musaceae 1 8 H Streptosolen Solanaceae 1 2 S
Strophanthus Apocynaceae * 4 5 Styphelia Epacridaceae 1 10 S Swietenia Meliaceae 2 20,009 T 4 Syncarpia Myrtaceae 2 99,358 T Syzigium Myrtaceae 1 143 T Tabebuia (Tecoma, Cybistax) Bignoniaceae 6 1,304 T Tabernaemontana Apocynaceae * 1 S Tamarindus Leguminosae 1 1,235 T
See footnotes at end of table
-14- I. •.-Z’ —
1 Table 1. - -Forest plantings in Hawaii by genera, 1908-1960 , continued
: :No. of No. :Growt CerreraV Fami1y.J :species: planted :fornit
Tarriet ia $terculiaceae 1 1 T Tecoma (Tabebuia) Bignoniaceae 5 5,946 T,S
• Tetraplasandra Araliaceae * 8 S Tetrazygia Melastomataceae 1 8 * Themeda Graminae * 201 C Theo broma Sterculiaceae 1 114 T The spesia Malvaceae 1 10,647 T Thevetia Apocynaceae 2 5 S Thrinax Palmae 1 2 P Thuja Pinaceae 4 78,994 T Tibouchina Melastomataceae 3 1,007 S Toona Meliaceae 2 190,004 T
Tournefortia Borraginaceae 1 1,376 T,S Toxylon (Maclura) Moraceae 1 8 T,S Trachylobium Leguminosac 1 41 T Trema Ulmaceae 2 31,462 Triplaris Pc lygonaceae 1 274 T Tristania Myrtaceae 1 396,177 T Tsuga Pinaceae 2 21 T Typha Typhaceae 1 151 H Ulmus Ulmaceae 4 6,703 T Vac c inium Ericaceae 1 91 S
Veronica Scrophulariaceae 1 172 H Virgilia Legumino sae 1 270 T Vitex Verbenaceae 5 10,619 T,S Vit is Vitaceae * 82 $ Wal laceodendron Leguminosae 1 1 T Warszewiczia Rubiaceae 1 167 S Wikstroemia Thymelaeaceae * 396 $ Wilkesia Compositae 1 142 $ Wormia (Dillenia) Dilleniaceae 1 2 S Wrightia Apocynaceae 1 2 S
Xanthorrhoea Liliaceae 1 20 II Xylia Leguminosae 1 66 T Xylosma Flacourtiaceae * 4 T Yucca Liliaceae 1 12 U Zizyphus Rhamnaceae 1 51 T Unidentified (Canal Zone) * 1 15 * Unidentified (Tongatabu #9530) * 1 9 *
1Plantings of record by the Hawaii Division of Forestry. 2Recorded names have been corrected in cases of obvious er for, and synonyms are provided to help identify some plantings. 3Dalla Torre and Harms (1900-1907) is the primary source of family names. tree, S = shrub, P palm or palm-like, G grass, V = vine, H = herb, F = fern. *Not identified. )
0 -15-- )
t 1 Table 2. --Tree species planted in Hawaii forests in numbers greater than 10,000, 1908_19601 0
. Number . Number Species planted Species planted Thousand Thousand
Aberia gardneri 16 Eucalyptus stuartianaV 30 Acacia confusa 295 Eucalyptus umbellata (tereticornis) 53 Acacia decurrens 65 Eugenia cumini 11 Acacia decurrens var. dealbata 24 Eugenia jambos 29 Acacia koa 1,137 Ficus macrophylla 37 Acacia melanoxylon 17 Ficus nota 25 Albizia lebbekoides 10 Ficus rubiginosa 40 Albizia moluccana (falcata) 138 Fraxinus americana— 386 Albizia montana 145 Fraxinus uhdei 74 Aleurites moluccana 16 Grevillea robusta 2,242
Alnus nepalensis 43 Haematoxylon campechianum 108 Angophora lanceolata 20 Heliocarpus americanus 25 Araucaria cookii 22 Macadamia ternifolia 20 Araucaria excelsa 123 Melaleüca leucadendron 1,733 Casuarina cunninghamia 13 Melia azedarach 46 Casuarina equisetifolia 70 Morus nigra 16 Casuarina glauca 998 Myoporum sandwicense 1-7 Casuarina montana 32 Peltophorum inerme 10 Casuarina stricta 11 Persea americana 57 0j Cedrela odorata 26 Pinus caribaea 27
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 52 Pinus elliottii 64 Cryptomeria japonica 499 Pinus patula 15 Cunninghamia lanceo lata 11 Pinus pinaster 173 Cupressus arizonica 10 Pinus radiata 121 Cupressus macrocarpa 216 Psidium littorale 27 Enterolobium cyclocarpum 16 Samanea (Pithecellobium) saman 25 Eucalyptus camaldulensis 429 Sant alum album 20 Eucalyptus citriodora 127 Sequoia sempervirens 130 Eucalyptus .deanei 30 Spathodea campanulata 31 Eucalyptus maideni 36 Swietenia mahagoni 13 I Eucalyptus marginat a 17 Syncarpia hillii 16 Eucalyptus microcorys 102 Syncarpia laurifolia 83 Eucalyptus paniculata 138 Taxodium distichum 42 Eucalyptus pi lularis 121 Taxodium mucronatum 17 Eucalyptus racemosa 33 Terminalia myriocarpa 26 Eucalyptus resinifera 91 Thespesia populnea 11 Eucalyptus robusta 2,321 Thuja plicata 76 Eucalyptus rudis 34 Toona ciliata var. australis 190 Eucalyptus saligna 437 Trema orientalis 31 Eucalyptus s ideroxylon 151 Tristania conferta 396
‘Plantings of record by the Hawaii Division of Forestry. 2Probably mostly E. robusta. 3Probably mostly F. uhdei.
-16- 0 of planted 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 6 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 7 2 1 3 8 2 4 4.. 15 11 10 10 69 11 12 genera Number 1908_l9602 aceae anaceae ae ermaceae s family’, sp . by aceae indaceae aceae Family Sap Sterculiaceae Bixaceae Cact Begoniaceae Simarubaceae Corynocarp Bombacaceae Ochnaceae Flacourtiaceae Burseraceae Celastraceae Theaceae Guttiferae Cochlo Caricaceae Vitaceae Dilleniaceae Dipterocarpaceae Thymelaeaceae Zygophyllaceae. Euphorbiaceae Rhamnaceae Passifloraceae Lythraceae Platanaceae Rosaceae Anacardiaceae Tiliaceae Punicaceae Legumino Aquifoliaceae Elaeocarpaceae Rut Hippocast Hamamelidaceae Aceraceae Nalpighiaceae Malvaceae Meliaceae Hawaii -17- in 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 3 5 1 2 2 4 1 2 3 6 5 1 1 7 of planted 1 1 3 2 1 2 10 26 20 plantings table. genera Number of --Forest end 3. at ae Table lidaceae ace . eae footnotes lygonaceae Family Saxifragaceae Cunoniaceae Santalaceae Pittosporaceae Anonaceae Lauraceae Betulaceae Ranunculaceae Papaveraceae Nyctaginaceae Fagaceae Proteaceae Moringaceae See Urticaceae Po Amarantaceae Ulmaceae Magnoliaceae Zingiberaceae Juglandaceae Casuarinaceae Piperaceae Sa1icaceae Morac Cyclanthaceae Amaryl Cyperaceae Araceae Myricaceae Palmae Liliaceae Ginkgo Typhaceae Pandanaceae Taxaceae Gramineae Musaceae Pinaceae Cyatheaceae
Marrattiaceae
0
0
) ) ) F
Widdringtonia
Terminalia
Washingtonia Mahonia
Tectona
Tephrosia Tamarix
Taxodium
Heritiera
Hibiscadelphus
Heliocarpus
Cinchona Chrysobalanus
Chrysophyllum
Asclepiadaceae
Verbenaceae Apocynaceae Loganiaceae Myrsinaceae
Convolvulaceae Ebenaceae
Borraginaceae Oleaceae Myrtaceae
Araliaceae Melastomataceae
Epacnidaceae
Ericaceae
Sapotaceae Theophrastaceae
Lecythidaceae
Cornaceae 2Plantings Rhizophoraceae Combretaceae
1Families Table
Torre
Family Addendum:
.
Genera (Berberis)
and 3. in
of --Forest Harms order
record
(Callitris) Additional according 1900-1907).
by
plantings
Number genera the Hawaii to -
-
14
11
13
plantings
:
:
8
2
2 2
5
4
2
1
1 planted
2
2
1 1 1
the 6
of
1
1
Pinaceae Palmae
Combretaceae Verbenaceae
Malvaceae
Leguminosae Pinaceae
Tamaricaceae
Be•rberidaceae
Tiliaceae
Rosaceae
Rubiaceae
Sterculiaceae
Sapotaceae in Division
Natural
Haaii
Family
-18- of of
System
by
Myoporaceae
Rubiaceae
Compositae Caprifoliaceae Acanthaceae Labiatae
Coodeniaceae Cucurbitaceae
Campanulaceae
record
Bignoniaceae Forestry. Scrophulariaceae
Solanaceae
Family faniily’, of .
Classification
to
:species:
:No.
supplement
l9O8-l96c,continued
1
1 7
2
1
1 1 1
1
5
1
1
of
1 1
: planted
of
24,666
27,725
58,801
6,880
No.
Number
genera
2,186 Table
Engler
166 455
347
34
25
35
9
5 3
GPO
:form :Growth
10 10
planted
1 of
(Dalla
7
2 1
2 3 3
9 3 1 I
970—989
P
T
T
T
T
S T
T
S T
S T
T
S
0
0 I
II I