The Macadamia Story – an Overview
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Macadamia Integrifolia HAES 741)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.25.114009; this version posted May 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Chromosome-scale assembly and annotation of the macadamia genome (Macadamia integrifolia HAES 741) Catherine J. Nock1†*, Abdul Baten1,2†, Ramil Mauleon1, Kirsty S. Langdon1, Bruce Topp3, Craig Hardner3, Agnelo Furtado3, Robert J. Henry3 and Graham J. King1 1Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore NSW 2480, Australia 2AgResearch NZ, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand 3Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia †These authors contributed equally to this work *Corresponding author, [email protected] ORCID 0000-0001-5609-4681 Abstract Macadamia integrifolia is a representative of the large basal eudicot family Proteaceae and the main progenitor species of the Australian native nut crop macadamia. Since its commercialisation in Hawaii fewer than 100 years ago, global production has expanded rapidly. However, genomic resources are limited in comparison to other horticultural crops. The first draft assembly of M. integrifolia had good coverage of the functional gene space but its high fragmentation has restricted its use in comparative genomics and association studies. Here we have generated an improved assembly of cultivar HAES 741 (4,094 scaffolds, 745 Mb, N50 413 kb) using a combination of Illumina paired and PacBio long read sequences. -
NSW Rainforest Trees Part
This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. · RESEARCH NOTE No. 35 ~.I~=1 FORESTRY COMMISSION OF N.S.W. RESEARCH NOTE No. 35 P)JBLISHED 197R N.S.W. RAINFOREST TREES PART VII FAMILIES: PROTEACEAE SANTALACEAE NYCTAGINACEAE GYROSTEMONACEAE ANNONACEAE EUPOMATIACEAE MONIMIACEAE AUTHOR A.G.FLOYD (Research Note No. 35) National Library of Australia card number and ISBN ISBN 0 7240 13997 ISSN 0085-3984 INTRODUCTION This is the seventh in a series ofresearch notes describing the rainforest trees of N.S. W. Previous publications are:- Research Note No. 3 (I 960)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part I Family LAURACEAE. A. G. Floyd and H. C. Hayes. Research Note No. 7 (1961)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part II Families Capparidaceae, Escalloniaceae, Pittosporaceae, Cunoniaceae, Davidsoniaceae. A. G. Floyd and H. C. Hayes. Research Note No. 28 (I 973)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part III Family Myrtaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 29 (I 976)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part IV Family Rutaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 32 (I977)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part V Families Sapindaceae, Akaniaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 34 (1977)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part VI Families Podocarpaceae, Araucariaceae, Cupressaceae, Fagaceae, Ulmaceae, Moraceae, Urticaceae. -
PROTEACEAE – It's All About Pollination
PROTEACEAE – it’s all about pollination …….Gail Slykhuis Illustration Philippa Hesterman, images Ellinor Campbell & Marg McDonald A predominantly southern hemisphere plant family, Proteaceae is well represented in Australia, particularly in the West, but we do have our own equally special local representatives, some of which are outlined below. A characteristic feature of many genera within this plant family is the ‘pollen presenter’, which is a fascinating mechanism by which the pollen, which would otherwise be difficult to access for potential pollination vectors such as bees, birds and nectarivorous mammals, is positioned on the extended style of the flower, facilitating cross- pollination. The stigma, which is part of the style, is not mature at this time, thus avoiding self-pollination. A hand lens would enable you to clearly see pollen presenters on the following local representatives: Banksia marginata, Grevillea infecunda, Hakea spp., Isopogon ceratophyllus and Lomatia illicifolia. It is interesting to note that both Victorian Smoke-bush Conospermum mitchellii and Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina, also found in our district, do not have pollen presenters. Silver Banksia Banksia marginata This shrub or small tree is readily recognisable when flowering (Feb – July) by the conspicuous yellow pollen presenters, which are an obvious floral part of the banksia flower. These flowers then slowly mature into our iconic woody banksia cones. It is interesting to observe the changes in the nature of the pollen presenters as the flower develops. The white undersides of the leathery leaves provide a clue to the choice of common name with their tip being characteristically blunt or truncate. Anglesea Grevillea Grevillea infecunda One of our endemic plants, the Anglesea Grevillea was first named in 1986 and is Anglesea Grevillea found in several locations north west of Anglesea. -
Bush Foods and Fibres
Australian Plants Society NORTH SHORE GROUP Ku-ring-gai Wildflower Garden Bush foods and fibres • Plant-based bush foods, medicines and poisons can come from nectar, flowers, fruit, leaves, bark, stems, sap and roots. • Plants provide fibres and materials for making many items including clothes, cords, musical instruments, shelters, tools, toys and weapons. • A fruit is the seed-bearing structure of a plant. • Do not eat fruits that you do not know to be safe to eat. Allergic reactions or other adverse reactions could occur. • We acknowledge the Traditional Custodians of this land and pay our respects to the Elders both past, present and future for they hold the memories, traditions, culture and hope of their people. Plants as food: many native plants must be processed before they are safe to eat. Flowers, nectar, pollen, Sugars, vitamins, honey, lerps (psyllid tents) minerals, starches, manna (e.g. Ribbon Gum proteins & other nutrients Eucalyptus viminalis exudate), gum (e.g. Acacia lerp manna decurrens) Fruit & seeds Staple foods Carbohydrates (sugars, starches, fibre), proteins, fats, vitamins Leaves, stalks, roots, apical Staple foods Carbohydrates, protein, buds minerals Plants such as daisies, lilies, orchids and vines Tubers, rhyzomes were a source of starchy tubers known as Carbohydrate, fibre, yams. The yam daisy Microseris lanceolata protein, vitamins, (Asteraceae) was widespread in inland NSW minerals and other states. The native yam Dioscorea transversa grows north from Stanwell Tops into Qld and Northern Territory and can be eaten raw or roasted as can those of Trachymene incisa. 1 Plant Description of food Other notes Acacia Wattle seed is a rich source of iron, Saponins and tannins and other essential elements. -
Macadamia Variety Identifier
Macadamia information kit Reprint – information current in 1998 Macadamia Variety Identifier REPRINT INFORMATION – PLEASE READ! Contributing authors For updated information please call 13 25 23 or visit the website www.deedi.qld.gov.au David Bell Eric Gallagher This publication has been reprinted as a digital book without any changes to the content published in 1998. We advise readers to take particular note of the areas most likely to be out-of-date and so requiring further research: Lindsay Bryen Ian McConachie • Chemical recommendations—check with an agronomist or Infopest www.infopest.qld.gov.au • Financial information—costs and returns listed in this publication are out of date. Please contact an adviser or Daryl Firth Paul O’Hare industry body to assist with identifying more current figures. Kim Jones Russ Stephenson • Varieties—new varieties are likely to be available and some older varieties may no longer be recommended. Check with an agronomist, call the Business Information Centre on 13 25 23, visit our website www.deedi.qld.gov.au or contact the industry body. • Contacts—many of the contact details may have changed and there could be several new contacts available. The industry organisation may be able to assist you to find the information or services you require. • Organisation names—most government agencies referred to in this publication have had name changes. Contact Coordinating author the Business Information Centre on 13 25 23 or the industry organisation to find out the current name and contact details for these agencies. • Additional information—many other sources of information are now available for each crop. -
Persoonia Levis Broad-Leaved Geebung
Persoonia levis Broad-leaved Geebung Geebung is an unusual name derived from Aboriginal languages: geebung is the name used by the Dharuk in the Sydney Region, and Jibbong by the Wiradjuri1. The genus name Persoonia, to our ears, is also unusual until you find out that it is named after a Dutch mycologist (someone who studies fungi), Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. Geebungs are endemic to Australia and there are almost 100 species which, for the most part, are found in eastern Australia, and in the SW corner of Western Australia. They are mostly small trees or shrubs. This particular species, Persoonia levis, common in Sydney bushland, grows along the central and north coast of NSW, and in the SE corner of NSW and NE corner of Victoria. We are accustomed to the subtle olives, blues, greys and yellowish greens of the foliage of the Australian bush but the Broad-leaved Geebung is quite a contrast with bright, apple green foliage. The fruits, too, are unusual, round and succulent, bright green colouring to purple, very different from the dry, hard fruits of other genera in the same (Proteaceae) family, for example, Needle Bush (Hakea), Telopea (Waratah), Grevillea and Woodly Pear (Xylomelum). Geebungs are also unusual in that they have seven chromosomes that are much larger than those of other Proteaceae2. Broad-leaved Geebung has papery bark that provides some protection from bushfires. Peel back the superficial burnt bark and you will find glorious, rich crimson beneath the blackened exterior. This species also has the potential to resprout after fires, and regenerate from seed. -
Species List Alphabetically by Common Names
SPECIES LIST ALPHABETICALLY BY COMMON NAMES COMMON NAME SPECIES COMMON NAME SPECIES Actephila Actephila lindleyi Native Peach Trema aspera Ancana Ancana stenopetala Native Quince Guioa semiglauca Austral Cherry Syzygium australe Native Raspberry Rubus rosifolius Ball Nut Floydia praealta Native Tamarind Diploglottis australis Banana Bush Tabernaemontana pandacaqui NSW Sassafras Doryphora sassafras Archontophoenix Bangalow Palm cunninghamiana Oliver's Sassafras Cinnamomum oliveri Bauerella Sarcomelicope simplicifolia Orange Boxwood Denhamia celastroides Bennetts Ash Flindersia bennettiana Orange Thorn Citriobatus pauciflorus Black Apple Planchonella australis Pencil Cedar Polyscias murrayi Black Bean Castanospermum australe Pepperberry Cryptocarya obovata Archontophoenix Black Booyong Heritiera trifoliolata Picabeen Palm cunninghamiana Black Wattle Callicoma serratifolia Pigeonberry Ash Cryptocarya erythroxylon Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon Pink Cherry Austrobuxus swainii Bleeding Heart Omalanthus populifolius Pinkheart Medicosma cunninghamii Blue Cherry Syzygium oleosum Plum Myrtle Pilidiostigma glabrum Blue Fig Elaeocarpus grandis Poison Corkwood Duboisia myoporoides Blue Lillypilly Syzygium oleosum Prickly Ash Orites excelsa Blue Quandong Elaeocarpus grandis Prickly Tree Fern Cyathea leichhardtiana Blueberry Ash Elaeocarpus reticulatus Purple Cherry Syzygium crebrinerve Blush Walnut Beilschmiedia obtusifolia Red Apple Acmena ingens Bollywood Litsea reticulata Red Ash Alphitonia excelsa Bolwarra Eupomatia laurina Red Bauple Nut Hicksbeachia -
Pathogens Associated with Diseases. of Protea, Leucospermum and Leucadendron Spp
PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASES. OF PROTEA, LEUCOSPERMUM AND LEUCADENDRON SPP. Lizeth Swart Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture at the University of Stellenbosch Supervisor: Prof. P. W. Crous Decem ber 1999 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za DECLARATION 1, the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work and has not previously in its entirety or in part been submitted at any university for a degree. SIGNATURE: DATE: Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASES OF PROTEA, LEUCOSPERMUM ANDLEUCADENDRONSPP. SUMMARY The manuscript consists of six chapters that represent research on different diseases and records of new diseases of the Proteaceae world-wide. The fungal descriptions presented in this thesis are not effectively published, and will thus be formally published elsewhere in scientific journals. Chapter one is a review that gives a detailed description of the major fungal pathogens of the genera Protea, Leucospermum and Leucadendron, as reported up to 1996. The pathogens are grouped according to the diseases they cause on roots, leaves, stems and flowers, as well as the canker causing fungi. In chapter two, several new fungi occurring on leaves of Pro tea, Leucospermum, Telopea and Brabejum collected from South Africa, Australia or New Zealand are described. The following fungi are described: Cladophialophora proteae, Coniolhyrium nitidae, Coniothyrium proteae, Coniolhyrium leucospermi,Harknessia leucospermi, Septoria prolearum and Mycosphaerella telopeae spp. nov. Furthermore, two Phylloslicla spp., telopeae and owaniana are also redecribed. The taxonomy of the Eisinoe spp. -
RAINFOREST STUDY Glicjjp
RAINFOREST STUDY GlICJJP ,. Group Leader DAVID JENKINSON NEWSLElTER NO, fi JULY 1991 18 SKENES AVE, ISSN 0729-5413 EASTWOOD NSW 21 22 Annual Subscription $5 "Rainforest provides a living laboratory harbouring many of the most primitive members of Australia's plant and animal groups." ANNUAL REPORT This is my second year of co-ordinating the Study Group and I admit to a certain amount of satisfaction at our achievements in that time. Membership has increased from 79 to 124. Contact during the year was through 4 Newsletters, various correspondence, and by meeting very many members. Three meetings were held at Sydney venues and a NSW campout. An active Brisbane branch that has recently been established, ably organised by Ran Twaddle, held 2 meetings in pleasant aurrowdings. Seed exchange is increasing and the first tentative steps in organlsing a cuttings exchange have been taken. Esther Taylor of Ipswich has accepted the position of Plant Registrar. We are setting up a library of donated material. A Flews- letter exchange with kindred groups has been initiated. We again have a bank balance. I would particularly wish to thank those many members for their various contributions - news and views for the Newsletter, material for the library, seed for offering to others, plants for fund raising, cash donations, the hospitality of people providing meeting places, the welcome given to Ber1.l and me by those . members we were able to contact on our travels in gaining knowledge on Rainforest generally and in seek- ing items and ideas for Newsletters. The Group's appreciation should be shown to the SGAP regions, QLD, NSW, Vic. -
Macadamia Tetraphylla L.)
MACADAMIA (Macadamia tetraphylla L.) Marisol Reyes M. 5 Arturo Lavín A. 5.1. Clasificación botánica El género Macadamia pertenece a la familia Proteaceae, el que incluye al menos cinco especies en Australia y diez a escala mundial. Debido a que su semilla es comestible, Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche y Macadamia tetraphylla L., junto a algunos híbridos entre ambas, son las especies de esta familia que actualmente tienen importancia económica. Ambas son nativas de Australia (Nagao and Hirae, 1992). En Chile esta familia está representada por árboles de gran valor maderero como lo son, entre otras, Gevuina avellana Mol. (Avellano chileno, de fruta similar a macadamia), Embothrium coccineum Forst. (“Notro” y “Ciruelillo), Lomatia ferruginea (Cav.) R. Br., (“Fuinque”, ”Huinque”), Lomatia hirsuta (Lam.) Diels, (“Radal”) y Orites myrtoidea (Poepp. et Endl.) Benth et Hook, (“Mirtillo, Radal de hojas chicas”) (Muñoz, 1959; Sudzuki, 1996). 5.2. Origen de la especie Las macadamias originarias de Australia (entre los 25° y 31° de latitud sur), corresponden a especies relativamente nuevas en cuanto a la comercialización de su fruta y son las únicas plantas nativas de Australia que han sido incorporadas al cultivo comercial por su fruto comestible (Moncur et al., 1985). 103 M. integrifolia es originaria de los bosques húmedos subtropicales del sudeste de Queensland, lo que la hace poco tolerante a las bajas temperaturas, mientras que M. tetraphylla es de origen más meridional, lo que la hace más tolerante a áreas con clima temperado (Nagao and Hirae, 1992). La macadamia fue introducida a Hawai desde Australia hacia fines de los 1.800, pero no fue comercialmente cultivada hasta los inicios de los 1.900 (Nagao and Hirae, 1992). -
Albuca Spiralis
Flowering Plants of Africa A magazine containing colour plates with descriptions of flowering plants of Africa and neighbouring islands Edited by G. Germishuizen with assistance of E. du Plessis and G.S. Condy Volume 62 Pretoria 2011 Editorial Board A. Nicholas University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA D.A. Snijman South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA Referees and other co-workers on this volume H.J. Beentje, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK D. Bridson, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Burgoyne, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J.E. Burrows, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve & Herbarium, Lydenburg, RSA C.L. Craib, Bryanston, RSA G.D. Duncan, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA E. Figueiredo, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, RSA H.F. Glen, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Durban, RSA P. Goldblatt, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Missouri, USA G. Goodman-Cron, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, RSA D.J. Goyder, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK A. Grobler, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA R.R. Klopper, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J. Lavranos, Loulé, Portugal S. Liede-Schumann, Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany J.C. Manning, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA A. Nicholas, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA R.B. Nordenstam, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden B.D. Schrire, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Silveira, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal H. Steyn, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA P. Tilney, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, RSA E.J. -
Threatened Species of Wilsons and Coopers Creek
Listed below are species recorded from the project areas of Goonengerry Landcare and Wilsons Creek Huonbrook Landcare groups. Additional species are known from adjacent National Parks. E = Endangered V = Vulnerable BCA - Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 EPBC - Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Threatened Species of Wilsons and Coopers Creek SOS - Saving our Species Scientific name Common name TSC Act status EPBC Act status SOS stream Wilsons Creek and Coopers Creek are tributaries of the Wilsons River on the Far North Coast of New South Wales. Within the South East Queensland Bioregion, the native flora and fauna of PLANTS this region are among the most diverse in Australia. In the catchment areas of the Wilsons and Corokia whiteana Corokia V V Keep watch Coopers Creek 50 threatened species of flora and fauna can be found and 2 endangered Davidsonia johnsonii Smooth Davidson's Plum E E Site managed ecological communities. Desmodium acanthocladum Thorny Pea V V Site managed What is a threatened species? Diploglottis campbellii Small-leaved Tamarind E E Site managed Plants and animals are assessed on the threats that face them and the level to which they are at Doryanthes palmeri Giant Spear Lily V Keep watch risk of extinction. If the risk is high they are listed in legislation and conservation actions are Drynaria rigidula Basket Fern E Partnership developed for their protection. There are almost 1000 animal and plant species at risk of Elaeocarpus williamsianus Hairy Quandong E E Site managed extinction in NSW. Endiandra hayesii Rusty Rose Walnut V V Data deficient A species is considered threatened if: Endiandra muelleri subsp.