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Numizmaticki Simpozijum Zborn Publisher Institute of Archaeology Belgrade Knez Mihajlova 35/IV 11000 Beograd Editor in Chief Miomir Korać Edited by Vujadin Ivanišević Bojana Borić-Brešković Mirjana Vojvoda Graphic Design Nemanja Mrđić Mirjana Vojvoda Revieved by Miloje Vasić Peter Kos Vujadnin Ivanišević Proofreading Dave Calcutt Front cover Money-changer, Late 2nd – early 3rd c. AD National Museum Belgrade Elektronsko izdanje ISBN 978-86-6439-040-8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC SYMPOSIUM CIRCULATION OF ANTIQUE COINS IN SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE Viminacium, Serbia September 15th - 17th, 2017 Edited by Vujadin Ivanišević Bojana Borić-Brešković Mirjana Vojvoda Contents Preface ......................................................................................................................................................7 Lajos Juhász MONETARY CIRCULATION IN THE MUNICIPIUM OF BRIGETIO The excavations of Komárom/Szőny-Vásártér (1992-2015) ....................................................................9 Dochka Aladzhova A HOARD OF BRONZE COINS FROM SERDICA (preliminary report) .................................................................................................................................23 Tomislav Bilić, Lazo Čučković COIN HOARDS FROM CROATIA. XVI (ADDENDUM). A HOARD OF 3RD C. ROMAN SILVER COINS FROM GORNJE TABORIŠTE .................................................................................................29 Miroslav Nađ A PART OF THE KAMENICA HOARD FROM THE ŠIPUŠ COLLECTION ....................................49 VarbinVarbanov TWO COIN DEPOSITS FROM THE ROMAN FORT OF TRIMAMMIUM ......................................71 Kyrylo Myzgin FINDS OF ROMAN PROVINCIAL COINS FROM THE TERRITORY OF EASTERN EUROPE: BALKAN CITIES MINTAGE ...............................................................................................................87 Alenka Miškec THE MONETARY CIRCULATION OF ROMAN PROVINCIAL COINS FROM THE VIMINACIUM MINT IN THE TERRITORY OF PRESENT-DAY SLOVENIA .........................................................105 Andrea Stella VIMINACIUM COINS FROM AQUILEIA AND VENETIA ET HISTRIA ......................................115 Mirjana Vojvoda, Adam Crnobrnja CIRCULATION OF COINAGE FROM THE BITHYNIAN MINT OF NICAEA IN THE TERRITORY OF PRESENT DAY SERBIA ...............................................................................................................131 Nikola Rusev COIN CIRCULATION IN THE LATE ROMAN VICUS NEAR THE VILLAGE OF PANAYOT VOLOV (NORTH-EASTERN BULGARIA) ......................................................................................143 Željko Demo NEW INFORMATION ABOUT AN OLD PROBLEM (A contribution to knowledge about the distribution and circulation of coins of the so-called “Sirmium” group) ....................................................................................................................................................157 Gordian III, provincial mint of Viminacium National Museum in Belgrade Preface This publication collected part of papers from presentations of participants of the International Numismatic Symposium Circulation of the Antique Coins in Southeastern Europe (Viminacium 2017). Included papers are related to the circulation of Roman imperial and provincial coinage (1st - 3rd century AD), as well as late Roman coinage (4th - 6th century) 0n the territory of Southeastern Europe. Through analyze of this circulation in Balkan provinces and Barbaricum papers enormously contribute to better understanding of complex monetary system of the Roman Empire, role of the mints and economy to point to multi layered relations between provinces. Circulation of Antique Coins in Southeastern Europe - Viminacium, Serbia 15-17 September 2017 9 LAJOS JUHÁSZ 902.2”652”(439)”1992/2015” Institute of Archeological Sciences 737.1.032(37) Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest COBISS.SR-ID 272162060 E-mail: [email protected] MONETARY CIRCULATION IN THE MUNICIPIUM OF BRIGETIO The excavations of Komárom/Szőny-Vásártér (1992-2015) Systematic excavations in the municipium of Brigetio have been carried out since 1992. More than twenty years of research have yielded sufficient numismatic material to analyze monetary circulation of one of the most important cities on the Pannonian limes. The coin finds cover a time span from end of the nd2 to the middle of the 3rd century, which is not surprising in itself. It is interesting to observe the end of circulation, with a complete lack of coins of Valerian and Gallienus, otherwise so numerous elsewhere.. Another interesting fact is the absence of any destruction layer whatsoever. Monetary circulation within the municipium is in strong contrast to a coin hoard found nearby and also ending in the middle of the 3rd century. However, this unexplained abrupt break in the monetary circulation seems not to be just of local character, but a rather widespread sensation that led to a considerable reshaping of civil settlements in the north of the province. KEY WORDS: Imperial coinage, monetary ciculation, 2nd - 3rd century, Brigetio Numismatic data from recent well-documented excavations in the municipium of Brigetio is a missing piece in the history of the town. In her important monograph, K. Bíróné-Sey gathered all material at hand, only distinguishing between coins from graves, hoards and scattered pieces, but not between military and civil towns or legionary fort.1 This paper tries to fill in this gap with the help of the coin finds from the systematic excavations in the municipium carried out between 1992 and 2016.2 No field survey was un- dertaken in 1997, and the coins from 2005 and 2016 are still undergoing restoration. Nonetheless, the 277 coins analysed here are more than suitable for observing general tendencies and drawing first conclusions from this site. The excavations were located at today’s Komárom/Szőny-Vásártér meaning marketplace, the central part of the ancient town, some 2.5 km west of the legionary fortress, with the canabae between (Fig. 1). Fortunately, the centre of the modern day Szőny village is a great unpopulated area, where archae- ological field works can be carried out freely. During house constructions, two neighbouring lots were also uncovered, where a glass workshop and a house of the local elite decorated with high quality frescoes were found. On the Vásártér itself we uncovered residential buildings, roads, and artisanal areas (Fig. 2).3 A total of 277 coins were uncovered, 15 of them modern, which will not be discussed in detail. The antique coins are of the following denominations: almost a third of them are denarii (31 %), followed by subaerati (15 %), sestertii and asses (13-13 %), dupondii (8 %), antoniniani (6%), late Roman AE and indeterminable bronzes (5-5 %), sestertii limes falsa and antoniniani subaerati (2-2 %), and a single quinarius and a quadrans.4 Therefore, roughly one third of the coins are silver (37 %) while two thirds are copper alloys5 (63%). 18% were ancient forgeries: 38 denarii subaerati, 4 antoniniani subaerati and 1 Bíró-Sey 1977. 2 For an extensive bibliography on the excavations up until 2014, see Borhy 2014. For the most recent excavations, see Bartus et al. 2016, 113-191. Year 2015 is in print and will appear in the Kuny Domokos Múzeumok Közleményei 2017. 3 For the residential buildings, see Dobosi 2014. 4 I have to thank my dear friend and colleague István Vida, who did most of the coin identification in the early years. 5 The subaerati were reckoned as copper coins. 10 Circulation of Antique Coins in Southeastern Europe - Viminacium, Serbia 15-17 September 2017 Fig. 1. Overview of Brigetio (by L. Rupnik) Circulation of Antique Coins in Southeastern Europe - Viminacium, Serbia 15-17 September 2017 11 Fig. 2. Overview of the excavations on the Vásártér (by L. Dobosi) 12 Circulation of Antique Coins in Southeastern Europe - Viminacium, Serbia 15-17 September 2017 Graph – 1. Distribution of denominations 6 sestertii limes falsa (Graph 1). The minting location of 202 coins could be identified with any certainty. Not surprisingly, the vast majority (178) were produced in Rome.6 This is followed by only seven pieces from Viminacium. Siscia is represented by four coins, all late Roman. Of Antioch, Emesa and the moving mint of Marc Antony, 2 pieces each were uncovered. A single specimen each of the following mints is represented: Lugdunum, Gaul, Laodicea ad Mare, Alexandria, Thessalonica and Arelate. Three Greek colonial coins were also found: an agnostic specimen from Perinthos together with Philadelphia, one most likely from Caesarea in Cappadocia and one undeterminable.7 This shows the absolute dominance of the Roman mint with some scarce influx of coins mostly from the south and east from Septimius Severus onwards, which is usual for this region.8 Half of all the coins were denarii, antoniniani and their forgeries. The distribution of the 81 denarii is very uneven, showing moderate numbers from Hadrian and the Antonines, and a greater increase from the Severan dynasty.9 The coins of Septimius Severus, Elagabalus and Severus Alexander add up to more than half the total, while only one was uncovered of Caracalla.10 The coins/regnal year graph shows a somewhat different picture. The peak in the pre-Severan era is under Nerva, while the highest result in total is for Elagabalus, followed by Severus Alexander. In this respect, the data for Maximinus Thrax is also quite substantial, being the 4th highest overall (Graph 2). Of the 15 antoniniani, the first one appears in Brigetio under Caracalla,
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