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Ethical Leadership: Life Story of George Ciampa, U.S

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Ethical Leadership: Life Story of George Ciampa, U.S Ethical Leadership: Life Story of George Ciampa, U.S. WWII Military Veteran and Community Leader Susan M. Wiedemann ORCID Scholar ID# 0000-0003-0399-404X A Dissertation Submitted to the PhD in Leadership and Change Program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2020 This dissertation is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Leadership and Change, Graduate School of Leadership and Change, Antioch University. Dissertation Committee • Philomena Essed, PhD, Committee Chair • Donna Ladkin, PhD, Committee Member • Natalie Underberg-Goode, PhD, Committee Member Copyright 2020 Susan M. Wiedemann All Rights Reserved Acknowledgments This work is dedicated to all U.S. military veterans—past, present, and future—for their sacrifices and service to our nation. Especially in honor of my father, Ernest H. Wiedemann, WWII-era U.S. Navy submariner; my husband, James L. Lawrence, SMSgt (ret.), U.S. Air Force; and my son and daughter-in-law, Joshua M. and Crystal S. Wiedemann, both U.S. Air Force veterans. I love all of you beyond words. Sincerest thanks to my chair, Dr. Philomena Essed and to the sole participant in this research, WWII veteran, George W. Ciampa—both emulate the high ideals and passionate commitment of ethically oriented leaders. May God continue to watch over and protect our precious land of liberty and the graves of our many fallen veterans who now rest in sacred grounds in our homeland and in foreign soil. i Abstract This qualitative research study explored the influence of life experiences and personal ethics of George Ciampa, a United States military veteran; his work in establishing American military cemeteries in Europe; and later work as a community leader committed to teaching American youth about the cost of freedom. Dimensions of ethical leadership and public service motivation served as the theoretical framework for the study. The research extended knowledge on ethical constructs within the fields of leadership studies and public administration; recorded personal experiences that were absent in military historical archives; and increased awareness of aspects of the U.S. military subculture. The research exploration was guided by an overarching question of how Ciampa reflected on his sense of public service over his lifetime. The study employed narrative life story methodology and visual research methods. Data collection was an iterative process and included segmented life story interviews and historical archival research. Findings included identification of a major theme (liberty) and three supporting sub-themes (duty, honor, and country) influencing Ciampa’s life and leadership path. A comparative analysis of the themes discovered with shared tenets of ethical leadership and public service motivation is provided. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA: Antioch University Repository and Archive, http://aura.antioch.edu/, and OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu/. Keywords: Leadership, Ethics, Ethical, Public Service Motivation, Military Veteran, Graves Registration, WWII, Patriotism, Liberty, Duty, Honor, Non-profit ii Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ i Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... vii Chapter I: Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Background of the Study ....................................................................................................... 2 Purpose, Importance, and Justification of the Study.............................................................. 3 Foreshadowed Questions ....................................................................................................... 6 Definitions.............................................................................................................................. 7 Perspectives on U.S. Societal and Military Cultures ........................................................... 11 Defining U.S. WWII Timeframe ......................................................................................... 15 Research Study Scope and Limitations................................................................................ 15 Summary of Succeeding Chapters ....................................................................................... 17 Ethics and Morality .............................................................................................................. 21 Ethical Leadership Theoretical Domains ............................................................................. 22 Historical Timeline of Leadership Theories with Ethical Constructs .................................. 23 Is Ethical Leadership Conceptually Distinct? ...................................................................... 35 Public Service Motivation, Leadership, and Ethics ............................................................. 41 Literature Review................................................................................................................. 44 Leadership and Public Service Motivation .......................................................................... 44 Gaps in the Literature ........................................................................................................... 54 Relationship of Proposed Research to My Profession ......................................................... 57 Summary Overview ............................................................................................................. 58 Chapter III: Methodology .......................................................................................................... 59 Narrative Life Story Research ............................................................................................. 59 Case Study ........................................................................................................................... 60 Case Selection for This Research ........................................................................................ 61 Foreshadowed Questions ..................................................................................................... 63 Role of the Researcher ......................................................................................................... 64 iii Social Constructivist Positioning ......................................................................................... 67 Narrative Life Story ............................................................................................................. 68 Ethical Research Considerations .......................................................................................... 69 Selectivity, Simplification, and Compression of Data ......................................................... 72 Research Study Scope and Limitations ................................................................................ 73 Data Collection Strategies .................................................................................................... 74 Data Analytical Techniques ................................................................................................. 76 Reporting .............................................................................................................................. 77 Research Evaluation Criteria and Goals .............................................................................. 78 Research Timeline ............................................................................................................... 79 Contribution of the Study..................................................................................................... 79 Chapter IV: Research Results ................................................................................................... 81 Research Process and the Story ........................................................................................... 81 Archival Research ................................................................................................................ 81 Reflective Journals ............................................................................................................... 82 Participant Interviews .......................................................................................................... 82 Themes Discovered .............................................................................................................. 83 Turning Points ...................................................................................................................... 86 George Ciampa’s Story ........................................................................................................ 86 Loss and Parenting ............................................................................................................. 130 Path Leading to Founding a Non-profit ............................................................................
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