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A South Efate dictionary
Nick Thieberger
Contents
Introduction ...... i South Efate – English dictionary ...... 1 English- South Efate finderlist...... 101
University of Melbourne, Australia May 2011
© 2011 Nick Thieberger
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.
ISBN 978-1-92-177551-2
A pdf version of this book can be downloaded from http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/9735
Produced with assistance from the Australian Research Council and the Arts Faculty and School of Languages and Linguistics, University of Melbourne
Produced in association with the World Oral Literature Project, University of Cambridge, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, United Kingdom
Cover: Participants in a dictionary workshop held in Erakor Village in 2000.
Introduction
This dictionary has been the product of collaborative work with a number of speakers of the language of South Efate. It is part of an ongoing project that includes the recording of stories in the language, a selection from which is produced as ‘Natrauswen nig Efat’. In particular I would like to thank the following for their help in this work: Silas Alban; Endis Kalsarap; Kalsakar Wayane; Manuel Wayane; Joel Kalpram. Thanks also to Sean and Lisa Bracken, Kalsarap Namaf, Ralph Regenvanu and William Wayane. J.C.Rivierre kindly provided the wordlist produced in 1965 by Maxime Carlot. Identification of plants and animals has been conducted over time with a number of individuals to check names as best as possible. However, it may be that a name, for example for a shellfish, is given for a specific shell when in fact the name may refer more generally to shells of the same type or appearance. Plants whose English or botanical names have not been identified have been included with a description. Where a verb permits alternation between initial p/f, it is the /p/ initial form that is listed in the lexicon. A great deal of work remains to be done to make this a more comprehensive work. Any comments are welcome. An online version of this dictionary which includes audio of words being spoken can be found here: http://paradisec.org.au/SELexicon/index.htm Some of the stories and (interlinear) texts in South Efate are available online here: http://www.eopas.org All recordings are also housed in the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC).
Nick Thieberger Melbourne 2011
i South Efate Dictionary a= arleg
A - a a= pron. I (1st person singular realis day). Subject). aliat ftoumlap Also: aliat aaf n. fish sp. Anthiases (small faitoumlap; aliat fetoumlap. n. Groupers, Perchlets, Basslets, Thursday (learning day). Soapfishes). Serranidae. aliat kaaru n. Tuesday. aaf ni nariuriu n. fish sp. Cigar aliat pei Also: aliat monte. n. wrasse. Cheilio inermis. Monday. aal n. shellfish sp. kind of aliat p!ot n. Friday (day for Turbo. Turbo chrysostomus; dividing and sharing things out). petholatus. aliat tap n. Sunday. aas n. coconut crab. Birgus aliat toknak n. Saturday, a day to latro. stop and think. afam n. fish sp. Humphead alkur adj. dry, of leaves, any kind wrasse; Napoleonfish. Cheilinus of dry leaves (naul alkur). undulatus. See: patru. altuk n. cabbage, island cabbage. afoka n. avocado (introduced aluen Also: alu. n_inposs. uncle fruit). Persea americana. (mother's brother). See: awo. afsak n. turtle (generic). anisakel n. plant sp., ag pron. you (2nd person singular bougainvillea. Subject or Object). anrar n. fish sp. Cardinalfishes. akam pron. you (2nd person Apogonidae. See: p!op!or. plural Subject or Object). apap n. father, father's brother akit pron. we (1st person plural (address term, used by those in inclusive Subject or Object). naflak other than kram and al n. sun. See: mtar pakor. namkanr). See: tmen; tata; gka. al imel n. eclipse. apu n. grandfather, apu sees is al imtar n. sunset, mal is an the grandson named for his archaic form. grandfather. Note: added to last alak n. Honeyeater, incl. Silver- syllable of some names e.g. apu eared Honeyeater, Vanuatu + kalorip = apurip. Mountain Honeyeater (type apu motu n. great grandfather. ofbird). Lachmera incana. See: ta. aliat n. day. ara n. yam sp., red inside, aliat motu n. midday. See: sweet. naliati. arkau n. shellfish sp. trochus. aliat fnau n. Wednesday (court arleg adj. skilful. Malnen kunep
South Efate Dictionary 1 arm!afaf em!au
man kumpalua go rusosoki arleg. ati sees n. granddaughter, named When you throw a stone at a after her grandmother. See: ati. bird and you hit it, they say you atlag Also: ligal. n. moon, month. are skilful. Two women in the moon, Leiriki arm!afaf n. Box crab. Calappidae. (small one) and Leilepa (big armatu adj. right handed. See: one). Ligal is an old name for the maur; arworksu. moon. arum vintr. nearly ripe. atlag faum n. new month, next arworksu adj. ambidextrous, month. Also atlag nen tu. someone who can use both atlag kaaru n. month after next hands. See: maur; armatu. month. as n. day after tomorrow. See: nas. atlag pei n. first month, (e.g. last aslel n. fish sp. Striped month, the month just past) mackerel. Rastrelliger same as atlag nen pa. kanagurta. atlak n. owner. aslen n_inposs. friend, aslak nmatu atol n. egg. 'girlfriend'. atol kanr n. rice (lit: black ant aslot n. worm. egg). Oryza sativa. ataf n. helper, chief's assistant. atua n. God, also Leatu, Sup!e. atat n. albino. Atat nen nalun itar awe excl. exclamation, used to ko naskon itar ko imiel. An albino show surprise. has white hair and his skin is awo n. uncle, (address term). white and red. See: alue. ati n. grandmother. ati motu n. great grandmother. E - e efare n. 1) dancing ground. elkao n. pig fence. 2) men's house. elol n. yard (also em!lel). ekat Also: ekate. n. side of a em!ae adv. 1) away. Selwan kafak canoe away from the outrigger em!ae p!atamai pak esum! neu mau. (left hand side). See: esem!. When I go away don't you come ektem prep. outside. to my house. 2) apart, far, elag prep. above; high, top, up. distant. Panrus! kin kefak em!ae. Man inrir ur elag. The bird flies Move it so it is far away. above. emat n. cemetary, graveyard. elagsau n. heaven. ematen n_inposs. grave. elau n. sea. See: namos; ntas. em!au n. clearing, a cleared piece
2 South Efate Dictionary emeromen -f
of ground. See: limuti. naur ko sef natkon? Where do emeromen Also: emermen. n. you stay, which island or which earth, world. village? em!rom prep. inside. esem! n. outrigger side of a canoe en vintr. lay, stay. Also used to (usually the right hand side). mark an ongoing activity, and is Maloput raru go nsem! ipi esem!. used like to. Naik seserik ruen Between the canoe and the fam. The small fish stayed and outrigger is called 'esem!'. See: ate. Maarik tmer ipen Ermage ien nsem!; ekat. pan pan pan. Their father was at eslaor n. passage, a deep section Erromango, he stayed and of water through which boats stayed. Ntwam ina ito kaimrokin can travel. na, "Kaipe en mrokin pan kaipe tok etak n. 1) toilet. Kafak etak. I nrus mroput." The devil stopped will go to the toilet. 2) place for and thought, "I thought about throwing rubbish. this and I am a little worried. etan prep. below; underneath; enflos vintr. sleep badly, toss and down. Ipagki nkafik pak elag, me turn in sleep. Teesa ientan sa, Ririal ito etan. He climbed up the ienflos. The child lays nakavika and Ririal stayed down uncomfortably, it sleeps badly. below. enkot v. lay and break something etan ntaf downhill. by laying on it. etan npamun Also: etan npam. ensok vambi. lay on, brood (of a n_inposs. scapula, shoulderblade. fowl). To ito ensok atol. The etik prep. to the side. chicken is brooding the egg. euut n. shore when you are on a Kuensok narun. You sleep on his boat, but also the bush when you arm. are on the land. Selwan kukano entaf v. to be the main one of, to los kupato euut m!as to. When you be the head of, to encompass. can't swim, you stay on the entak vintr. sleep on the side. shore. entan vintr. lie, lay down. erfale n. cave. esa n. 1) here. 2) place. esan n. place. Nagi esan kutkos sef F - f
-f PVC. conditional, used following the action of the following verb a subject pronoun to mean that may or not happen. For example
South Efate Dictionary 3 fa fak
u-f mer taulu 'if we were to ki faatfar. The reef has many marry'. E amurin na p!amai ni calcium rocks. Kaltog preg nalkis, ifwel kuftae faat ftak n. bottom stones of an pregi. "Hey, I would like you to oven. come and make some medecine faat ni uum n. top stones of an for Kaltong, if you can do it." oven. Nafet faat ni uum rumiel See: fla. malen ruftin. The top stones are fa See main entry: pa. red when they are heated. 2) n. faafat vintr. believe. Afaafat vatu, money. Ale ipan sor tete itilm!ori. I believe he speaks the sernale hotel, nen kesol faat sees. truth. Then he goes and sells faag vintr. riddle, tell riddles. something at the hotel, to get a — n. little money. nfaag parable, story with deeper faatfar n. rock that is under the sea meanings. most of the time, but is exposed faai n. fish sp. stingray, general in low tides and sticks out of the term. water. faai See main entry: paai. faatmaama n. sharpening stone. faai kuul n. fish sp. Bluespotted See: maama. ribbontail ray. Taeniura lymma. faatsal n. stone that floats, pumice. faai mantu n. fish sp. ray sp. See: sal; naf 2; nasitafra. Black skin can be scraped off. faftae excl. thankyou. See: psawi. Identified as both Manta ray fag See main entry: pag. (but see roktar) and Devil ray. fag 1 v. scabby, to be covered in faai p!og n. fish sp. Spotted eagle sores. Me nmatu nen itrau fag. ray. Aetobatus narinari. But this woman was covered in faai pumat n. fish sp. Bluespotted sores. See: nfag. stingray. Dasyatis kuhlii. fag 2 vintr. burn, of a fire that is faai suar n. fish sp. eagle ray. glowing or smoking, but no faakor See main entry: paakor. flame is visible. If the flame is faakot See main entry: paakot. visible then it is said to sor. Syn: faalag See main entry: paalag. sor. faar n. light, as in a car's lights failuk v. tie a loop to hold an or another bright light. Also animal. Ku failuk kau. You tie up used to talk about someone's the cow. eyes. Faar ni loto. A car's lights. faitau vintr. learn. Pafnut! faar gaag. Close your tefaitau n. teacher. eyes. sum!faitau n. school. faat n. 1) stone. Nskau nen ip!ur fak See main entry: pak.
4 South Efate Dictionary fakelag fiar
fakelag See main entry: pakelag. fas See main entry: pas. fakelag See main entry: pakelag. fati n. boil that comes up on faketan See main entry: paketan. fingers. See: nmanuk; nmak; fakfak n. shellfish sp. (no poison). p!onfer. Conidae. fatkao n. barb. Kutae preg fatkao fakfukal Also: fakfkal. vintr. timen gaag. You can put a barb comfort. Kupes fakfukal kin. You on your arrow. comfort him. fatma n. grater for making laplap fakis Also: faksi. vambi. decorate. with root crops and bananas. falkor See main entry: palkor. See: skitrai. falus See main entry: palus. fato See main entry: pato. fam See main entry: pam. fau See main entry: pau. fan See main entry: pan. fe vtr. read. See: nafeifeien. fanei vintr. dissolve, as of sugar fef vintr. count, read something. in water or smoke in the sky. feek n. cockroach. fanfan vintr. wash the face. fei See main entry: pei. fanikoro n. tree sp. Fruit like fei interrog. who. Talm!at ni fei? vanilla, pretty flowers, firewood. Whose garden? Fei mana? Who faos See main entry: paos. (all)? far vintr. pick pandanus leaves. fekfek vintr. show something you Kumrokin nen p!afreg m!iit, go p!afo are proud of, show off. See: pei pak nlaknaki, ale p!afo far. You fainte; pesp!ur. want to make a mat, and you ferfer vintr. mark rythm. Ag first go to a pandanus tree, then kuferfer ukelele gaag. You keep you will pick pandanus leaves. rythm on your ukelele. fare See main entry: pare. fes See main entry: pes. faresor n. tree sp. Used for fesfes vintr. cheep, of birds. timber posts, firewood, burns festaf See main entry: pestaf. well. fetkasu vintr. jealous, be jealous. farfar 1 n. White-bellied graybird fgan n. bait, used for fishing or (type of bird); Little cuckoo- hunting. shrike. Coracina papuensis fi See main entry: pi. perpallida. fi See main entry: pi. farfar 2 vintr. shake, as in a leaf fiar vintr. be unafraid of. Me shaking or other small kineu afiar kin, kat natrauswen ga movements. To shake a rattle inrak lap ito neu traus. But I announcing the presence of a wasn't scared of it because he group of people (or wal). told his story to me many times. faria adj. poor.
South Efate Dictionary 5 fiet folfolm!ak
fiet adj. fierce, good fighter. fkop vintr. chase, follow fish. fiif vintr. twisted, to be; rolled P!afan fkop ntas. You chase fish at up; curly (e.g. of hair), to be. the sea. See: kop. With -ki it means to tie up. fla PVC. conditional particle. Nap!as ifiif. The grain (meat) of Tete gar rutafla tkal fifti mau. Gar the wood is twisted. Np!aun ifiif. runrfal m!as. Some may not have His head spins (he is drunk, reached fifty. They were only a dizzy). Ag p!afiif ki string. Kineu few. See: -f. kafo palus. You roll up the line, flak See main entry: plak. I'll paddle the canoe. Tukfiif ki fle See main entry: ple. naniu su po slatir pelpel pak esum!. flefil n. shellfish sp. Pearl Let us tie up the coconuts, then Oyster. Pinctada margaritifera. take them home quickly. See: fleslu n. shellfish sp. Moon shell, lefek. shell is white, flesh is white, fiikot vambi. 1) tie a cloth or rope black operculum, lives in the onto oneself, for example, a sand, not in the water. towel wrapped around the Naticidae. throat. 2) fasten a mat around flik See main entry: plik. your body, a sign of high rank. flor See main entry: plor. Usage: old-fashioned. fnagot n. shellfish sp. Turbo shell fios See main entry: pios. (small one). fis vambi. whip, with a rope. fnak See main entry: pnak. fisktof v. whip. fnau vambi. preach, judge, teach. fisfis vintr. masturbate, whip Natam!ol nen kin isu ipi natam!ol yourself. fnau nen ipo patlasir. The man fit Also: fitfitfitfit. vintr. run. who came down was a preacher Pafit! p!elp!el. You run fast. Pafit!! who came to meet them. See: Go away! See: pelpel. pesp!ot; aliat fnau. fitkaskei See main entry: fnut See main entry: pnut. pitkaskei. fo v. See main entry: po. fitlak See main entry: pitlak. folfol vintr. behave. Folfol wel fkaar vintr. joke, give cheek. nmatu. Behave like a woman. fkal See main entry: pkal. folfol sa vintr. bad behaviour; fkaskei See main entry: pkaskei. copulate. See: nafolflon; fket adj. sour, to be spicy (like pregwel; polwi. chilli), food which 'bites' you. folfolm!ak vintr. 1) rub. Ifolfol ki fkofuk adj. swelling of the skin, namten. He rubs his eyes. could be from allergy or insect 2) shake out, like a tablecloth, or bite. clothes being washed, or
6 South Efate Dictionary folsa fuelig araskei
shaking hands to dry them. fserser vintr. different, to be. Kufolfolm!ak ki nkal. You wash the fsofus adj. 1) young, to be. clothes. 2) pregnant, nakon ifsofus, 'face folsa See main entry: polsa. is young', means 'she is fon vintr. cover oneself. See: pregnant'. pisp!lolo; nafon; nasieg. fsup! vintr. pointed, to be pointed, foum Also: faum. adj. new. pitch, summit, pointed; fraa vambi. beg. Kufraa naat nen something sticking up. Nasu kewelwok. You beg that man to ifsup! pak elag. The roof pitches help you. high. Nawi nen iftom kai fsup! pak frafer vintr. scatter. Upreg nalotwen elag. This yam grew and pointed inom kin me kofo frafer pak klas upwards. Namlame ipakor nafsup! fserser. We finished praying and ntaf. Dew fell on the mountain we scattered to our different top. classes. fti n. fish sp. Scorpionfishes. frak vintr. slow; late, to be. Scorpaenidae. Kufrak nafnag. You are late with ftil vintr. gossip. Aftil skot ag. I the food. Kusiwer frak. You walk gossip with you. slow. ftin vintr. 1) hot, to be. 2) angry, fram See main entry: pram. be angry. frap!o n. beetle (generic). ftir n. fish sp. stone fish, small fraru n. banana sp. one (Smallscale scorpionfish). freg See main entry: preg. Scorpaenidae. freg vintr. carry basket on head, ftok n. cane (nasul) when or hanging from a rope around straightened and ready to make the forehead (only of women). arrows (timen). See: naus. Ifreg ki napor. She carries a ftom See main entry: ptom. basket. ftup! vintr. 1) punch. 2) fight. fregnrog See main entry: See: nafkal; tup!. pregnrog. fuelig n. basket. large basket frofur n. full of, like the bush can made of woven coconut be frofur with plants, or a church branches with two folding service can be frofur with shutters (to carry grass or people. rubbish). See: nroog; likat; tip!el; fsaplil See main entry: psaplil. sp!ol; tasal; polpol; nlafkir; napor; fsar v. grab, wrestle. sarpotpot. fser n. fish sp. Vermiculate fuelig n. coconut branch. rabbitfish or Forktail rabbitfish. fuelig araskei n. coconut branch Siganidae. See: tof; tofkas; sm!os. split and leaves woven together
South Efate Dictionary 7 fuet gakit
to make a mat that is used for triggerfish?). the wall or roof of a house. funfnoi vintr. fade, disappear. See: fuet See main entry: puet. surfunfnoi; krakfunfnoi. fuet adj. marked, to be. For funre n. ant sp. white ant, termite. example, the way that skin is See: ofet. marked after it is hit by fup!el n. fish sp. Sand bass. something. Centropomidae. fuetsok See main entry: puetsok. furfur n. bundle of coconuts. fuiek n. fish sp. Batfish. See: fuserek See main entry: puserek. kalmat. fusuer vintr. growl. Apap imaet ki fuk See main entry: puk. iak go ito fusuer. Dad was angry fuknra n. fish sp. Twinspot with mum and he was growling. snapper; Red snapper. fusur tol n. competition. Mangrove jack. Lutjanidae. Not fuu 1 vintr. blow hard, of the eaten as it may have fish poison wind. Nlag ifuu. The wind blows (ciguetera). hard. n. fuknrei wriggler, baby fuu 2 n. fish sp. Triggerfishes, mosquito. but see also p!arp!or. Balistidae. fum! vintr. flower. Namlas nen See: p!arp!or. See: ifum!. The bush is flowering. fuu 3 v adv. quick, go quickly. nafum!. Usage: old-fashioned. fumasei n. fish sp. Picassofish, fuum!os n. fish sp. Large-scaled strong skin, or Brush-sided leatherjacket. Cantheschenia filefish. grandisquamis. fumatol n. fish sp. fum!os n. fish sp. strongskin dark coloured (Orange-lined G - g ga Also: nega. pron. 1) he/him, benefit (2nd person plural she/her, it, (3rd person singular benefactive). Syn: negaag. Subject or Object). 2) his/hers. gafgef n. packet of mats. Rup!akot See: nega. 3) for his/her benefit. lu nmatu nen ki gafgef iskei. They gaaf n. 1) metre, one metre, paid for the woman with a large length of one arm. 2) material, packet of mats. piece of material. gakit pron. 1) our (1st person gaag pron. 1) yours (2nd person plural inclusive possessive). plural possessive). 2) for your 2) for our benefit (1st person
8 South Efate Dictionary gamus inror
plural inclusive benefactive). by members of the namkanr gamus pron. you (2nd person naflak). See: tmen; apap; tata. plural Object). gkar n. tree, Devil nettle. Note: gar 1 adj. dry, to be. stinging nettle tree. Dendrocnide gar 2 pron. 1) they, them (3rd latifolia. Syn: nam!lat. See: person plural Subject or Object). nkraful. 2) theirs (3rd person plural gkof n. meat wrapped in leaves possessive). 3) for them (3rd ready to be put into laplap. person plural benefactive). go conj. and. gawanki excl. that's it, that's the golgol adj. toothless, to be (baby way. Expression often used to or old person). Teesa nen ipi conclude a part of a story or to golgol ito pam kumol nen confirm what has just been said. rukrakfufua. A toothless baby gien v. act as, to pretend to be. only eats kumala that they have More common now to use psir. mashed. Maarik Samuel ga igien ki gor vintr. snore, also used for nafinaotan tu Apu Kalmet kin itok the noise a pig makes. See: oror. pes nam!len. Maarik Samuel was got adj. black, to be. Namtir nen acting chief, but Apu Kalmet igot. That colour is black. Nam!er took the right to act in his place. got me nam!er taar. Navy, Army -gik pron. you (2nd person nametrau nam!er fserser. Black singular Object). men and white men. Army and -gir pron. them (3rd person navy, all different men. plural Object). gis excl. called out to attact attention. gka n. father (address term used I - i i= Also: i. pron. he, she, it (3rd kilfot adj. ninth. person singular realis Subject). inrok adv. after, behind, later, iak n. mother, mother's sister, used to talk about the next event father's sister (but she is usually in a story. ta), father's mother's sister's inror n. pig too old to have daughter (address term). See: piglets. raiten. ifmertik idiom. otherwise. ilfot Also: lfot. num. nine.
South Efate Dictionary 9
-k kak
K - k
-k pron. 1) my (1st person singular Different kinds of seashells: direct possessive) when suffixed kaikuk, kainmet, kaifar, kaiflu, to inalienable body part. 2) you kaitlak, kaiuwi. Arcidae. (2nd person singular Object) as 2) vagina (slang). object marker on transitive verb. kai 3 pron. then, echo subject, ka= pron. I (1st person singular takes the place of a subject irrealis Subject). pronoun when the subject is kaaf n. crab. already known. Raslat sernale ni kaafat n. fourth. talm!at kai pa. They(2) carried kaafeer n. crab, brown sea crab, everything from the garden and about five inches across, not they went. eaten. kai= 4 pron. I (1st person singular kaakas vintr. sweet, to be. perfect Subject). kaal n. digging stick. kaiaraskei n. shellfish sp., kaaru adj. other, two, next. Aliat abalone (general term). fnau kaaru. Next Wednesday. kaifar n. knee cap. Pamer! pan slat tekaaru mai. You kaimes vintr. create, invent. Note: go and get another person. kaimes is used for Biblical kaatol n. third. creation, preg for construction or kafkaf vintr. search by moving craftwork. things around. kainintas n. barnacle. kaflag vambi. lift up something that kaip!aar n. shellfish sp., Venus is covering something else, like clams (general term). Veneridae. lifting up a tablecloth to see kaisur n. shellfish sp., Ornate what is under it. Mactra. Mactra ornata. kafrag n. scab. kaitao n. fish sp., Jacks and kafrali n. crab, big brown crab. Trevallys. Carangidae. Middle kaftal v. search for something by one is kopapun, big one is maur. moving something else out of Kaitao ni karkor hides among the way, as in to separate the jellyfish. bush. kaiwi n. shellfish sp., Virgate kaftan n. crab, sea crab, not eaten. Tellin. Tellina virgata. kai 1 vintr. cry, to cry for kak Also: kak naniu. n. coconut something or someone. mat, mesh formed by the kait vtr. cry for. coconut palm, used for straining liquids. kai 2 n. 1) shellfish sp. cockle.
10 South Efate Dictionary kal kano
kal vintr. dress, be dressed, to kaluspam n. fish sp. Spengler's dress oneself. Ikal su. She is Mactra. Scissodesma spengleri. dressed. Me komam malpei ukano kam vambi. step on, walk on kal ki nkal ni nanwei. But back something. Atap lek m!at nen mau, then we couldn't dress in men's asiwer pan trau kamti. I didn't clothes. notice the snake, I walked along kala interject. exclamation, used and just stepped on it. in various contexts. Kala imten! kamarat n. plant sp. Wow it is heavy! kamkot vambi. stand on and break. kalafiei n. fish sp. parrotfish. Pakamkot! nkas nen kipe mtet. kalap!og n. fish sp. Bumphead Stand on this tree and break it, it parrotfish. Bolbometopon is rotten. See: kamp!or. muricatum. See: nuo. kamnrog vambi. feel with the foot. kalmat n. fish sp. Batfish (also naik Papei! kamnrog nakirles nen imkal nasok, when young, like a piece ko itik. Feel this coral with your of rubbish floating in the water). foot and see if it is sharp or not. kalnrog vambi. try clothes. Nkal kamp!or vambi. stand on and break. nen ises p!apei kalnrogo. This shirt Pakamp! !or nkas nen kipe mtet. is small, try it first. Stand on this tree and break it, it kalo male name marker, old is rotten. See: kamkot. fashioned. This cannot be used kamsok vambi. brake, stop as a pronoun. Kaloku wan go ipa? quickly. Who is that (man) going there? kamti vambi ImpO. take rocks from See: lei. the fire with tongs. Fat nen kipe kalo interject. hesitation, used ftin tlasi, p!akamti kefak etik. This when thinking about the word stone is hot enough, take it out you want to use. and put it to the side. kalsaar n. stick, for husking kanin vintr. mad, to be mad. Ag coconut. kukanin to ki! You are mad! n. kalsiu small women's spear, kano 1 aux. cannot, to be unable. made of various hard wood, e.g. Used before the verb, e.g., kano black palm, hardened in fire, or siwer, 'can't walk'. Naat nen ikano other wood such as nagi or tap!ir. pes. That man can't talk. Rukano kaltag n. dragonfly. totan skot apap me iak reki kalum n. spider. natrauswen. They can't sit with kalus n. shellfish sp. Cockles their father and mother for (general term). Cardiidae. There stories. are red (kalus pam) and white kano 2 n. man; person. kano ni ones. nafkarwen. joker. See: nam!er.
South Efate Dictionary 11 kanr katsok
kanr n. ant, black ant, fire ant. pan pnak, wat natam!ol kat mane kanrsip n. tube of bamboo (for ga. They might steal, hit a man carrying water). for his money. kap n. Ghost crab. Ocypode kat 2 vambi. bite. Kori ikat naat. cerathopthalma. The dog bit the man. kapil n. scar, a healed cut on kat soksok npatin close one's skin. mouth, refuse to drink. kapkaap n. Swift (type of bird). kat p!orp!res npatin grind one's kap!o n. fish sp. catfish. teeth, usually in anger. Plotosidae; Ophidiidae. kat naniu vambi. husk a coconut kapu n. laplap, pudding made of with one's teeth. Kalsar kefla grated vegetable (e.g. manioc, tik go p!atrau kat naniu m!as. If yam, taro, banana) mixed with there is no wooden stake (to coconut milk and baked husk coconuts) then just use underground on hot stones. your teeth. kapuenrar n. fish sp. flounder. katmanuk n. cricket. Bothidae. katmanuksa n. cricket that bites. kapuer n. old person. katnam n. mosquito. kapunmarteu n. 1) bread, also katnrap n. soursop; custard apple bret. 2) coconut just before is katnrap ni nam!er taar sprouting, with soft flesh like ('whiteman's soursop'). dry bread inside it. katnrog vambi. taste. kar vambi. scratch. Paneu! kar katol ntakuk. You scratch my back. katom n. Hermit crab, land hermit kareo n. shellfish sp. Strombidae; crab. Coenobitidae. See: Strombus gibberulus gibbosus katp!aar. (?). katp!aar n. Hermit crab that lives karkar vintr. itch; scratch (like a in the sea. Diogenidae. See: chicken scratching); fiddle. katom. karkor n. jelly-fish. katp!o adj. greedy, to be. Kano nen karo 1 adj. grey, to be. itae katp!o top, ito preg naik laap karo 2 vintr. topless, have no shirt me itomal ptukir tu natam!ol. This on. man is so greedy that he catches karo usrek vintr. naked. See: puu. many fish but still doesn't share kasar vambi. grab hold of them with people. something like a pig or child as katsok vintr. hold between one's it runs. teeth. Go lisan ikatp!on tefla, itrau kasfas n. cicada. katsok nanwen sa. And the clam was greedy for it (the snake) and kat 1 prep. because of, due to. Ifla
12 South Efate Dictionary kau kineu
it just held its neck in its teeth. something like 'thus'. A me kineu kau 1 vintr. row a boat. ana kafo pam akam kia me akam kau 2 n. cow. kau sees calf rasef. Ah but I wanted to eat you kauri n. plant sp. here, but you ran away. ke= pron. he, she, it (3rd person kig n. fish sp. unidentified fish. singular irrealis Subject). kil vambi. dig the ground (with kefi interrog. how much, how a tool). See: traf. many. Kumur magko kefi? You kilkil n. seagull (type of bird). A want how many mangoes? white bird with brown spots, its kel Also: kelkel. vintr. hold onto meat is strong but it is eaten. something, touching but not kin 1 COMP. that, which grabbing it. See: tkal. (complementiser) when kelsman vintr. drive (hold steering following a verb. Ale mal wheel). See: pusman. naseswen neu amroperkati kin kelsok vintr. cling. nanrur p!ur nenkin imai. Ok, when kerkerai Also: kerai; kerkrai. I was young I remember that a vintr. 1) strong, to be. 2) adj. big earthquake happened. brave. Ipiatlak natam!ol kerkerai — REL. that, which (relativiser) nig nafkal inru nag rusosorki m!au. when following a noun. Go ga kin There were two strong warriors ipi taklep neu. And he was my called 'm!au' 3) older brother (he was first born). — adj. hard. — REL. that. Used to start a new nakerkraian n. labour, giving sentence, but referring back to birth. earlier information. Ko katom itae kfet adj. dry taste, like an unripe na menal imat go katom iwin. Kin banana. Astringent. iwin na, nareswen, ale katom ipreg nafsan. And the hermit crab ki= pron. he, she, it (3rd person singular perfect Subject). knew that the barracuda had died and the hermit crab had ki prep. to; with; of. 1 won(the race). That he won the ki vintr. ring, of ears. Kulos 2 race, so the hermit crab sang a toop ntas go ntalgem ruki. You song. swim alot in the sea so your ears kin vambi. pinch. Kukinti. You ring. 2 pinch it. Kukin naat. You pinch kia Also: ki; kin. dem. here, this the man. one, used as a way of talking kineu pron. I, me (1st person about something that has just singular Subject or Object). been mentioned, and also as part Usage: wou is 1SgO, now not of idiomatic expressions, . gawankia, welkia, both meaning used as much as kineu
South Efate Dictionary 13 kinlep konrkai
kinlep n. thumb. knen adj. of it, its own. Nlaken kinliu n. 1) finger, middle finger. manijmen knen itawi mau. 2) middle toe. Because the management of it kinm!at n. 1) finger, index finger. was not good. Natrauswen kaaru, 2) big toe. imer pitlak nalag knen. The next kinrik n. 1) finger, little finger. story has its own song. 2) toe, little toe. knopun n. fish sp. Balloonfish. kintapul n. 1) finger, ring finger. ko conj. or. Also used to form 2) toe, second toe. questions. Rufla psi ntas ko rufla kipwi n. Indian mynah (type of psi sa. They may have put it in bird). Acridontheres tristis. the sea or they may have put it kirkis vambi. tickle. Teesa imur here. Iwi ko? Are you good, or? selwan kukirkisi. The child laughs ko= pron. 1) we (1st person when you tickle her. plural exclusive irrealis Subject kis vambi. 1) press, push down. ). 2) you (2nd person plural Kis ntafatun. Hold hips. 2) turn irrealis Subject). on (lamp). kof1 vambi. roast meat on the kispuen n. middle of a mat, where stones separate from laplap. See: the two parts join. tanum!. kispun v. abort, kispun teesa, abort kof2 v. hang, e.g., of a flying- a child. fox (mantu) hanging. kistup! vambi. poke, tickle quickly. koi= pron. we, you (1st exclusive kit pron. 1) we (1st person or 2nd person plural perfect plural inclusive Subject). 2) our Subject). (1st person plural inclusive kol1 adj. cripple, to be. Ipi kol. Direct Possessive). 3) us (1st He is crippled. person plural inclusive Object). kol2 n. coral sp. kiwi adj. enough. Neu nafnag kol3 vintr. shout. kiwi. I've had enough to eat. See: kom vambi. suck. tlas. komam pron. we, us (1st person klat n. germinated coconut. plural exclusive Subject or klet n. shellfish sp. general term Object). See: mam. for Conchs. klet nraan shell with kon vintr. stuck, be stuck, bump. 'fingers'. Strombidae. Ikon faat. It is stuck to a stone. klet n. sow. konafnako n. fish sp. Goatfish klop n. knot in bamboo or cane. (general term). Mullidae. See: The piece of cane between the suus. knots is called malmal. konr n. shellfish sp. Strombus. konrkai n. pig, female pig which
14 South Efate Dictionary koo kraksok
has no piglets. grunter. koo v. kiss. kot vintr. cut laplap. koof n. hut, shelter in the kotfak n. 1) half, a small amount garden, temporary shelter made of something. 2) leftover food. for special occasions. kotfan n. afternoon, evening. Ipi kookon adj. bitter, to be. kotfan selwan al ito na kemtar. koom n. fish sp. Groupers. See: Afternoon is when the sun starts p!autop. to go down. kop vtr. 1) chase. Ikop napel. He kotfel n. flying fox, red flying chases sardines. 2) follow. Ito fox. kop namurien ga. He follows his kotiou n. piece of laplap. See: own thinking. See: p!as; fkop. repek. kopnan n. plant sp. used as kotkot adv. really, emphasises a ringworm medicine. verb or adjective, e.g. kor1 n. fence, fishtrap. See: lak. pramkotkot, very long; malpei kor2 vambi. parry, block a blow. kotkot, long ago; teetwei kotkot, Kukor ki narum selwan naat ina very long ago. kenrpagik. You block with your kraf v. crawl. arm when the man wants to hit krak vintr. crawl. you. krakfufu vambi. chop something koren n_inposs. sister, also into small bits, cut in pieces. mother's or father's sibling's krakfunfnoi vambi. erase, rub out. daughter. Ipan patu sari, me koren See: funfnoi; surfunfnoi. nra nen rapreg nafnag ito. He krakpel vintr. drop something by (M!atleplep) went walking about, accident. but his two sisters got the food krakpes vintr. make noise. ready. Go apitlak p!aluk ipat go krakp!og v. conquer, defeat. korek iskei. And I have four krakp!orp!or v. break something brothers and one sister. See: tai; like wood or bones, making a p!al; sulsul. noise. kori n. dog. krakpun Also: krakpn. vambi. kill. kortas n. washstrake, wooden rail Akrakpun natam!ol iskei. I killed a built onto the upper rim of a man. Naat nen itm!en krakpni That canoe to strengthen the side and man committed suicide. to keep out water. kraksmanr vambi. miss, e.g. not kos adj. dense, to be (namlas hit a target. kos, dense forest). ntuam kos. kraksok vintr. 1) catch, as in catch strong (ie smelly) devil. a disease. Me rukraksok na koser n. fish sp. Crescent-banded disentri. And they caught
South Efate Dictionary 15 kraktof kul
dyssentry. 2) understand, catch up off the ground. on. Apan go apo kraksok franis I ksakes adj. green, to be. Now also went and I learned French. used for blue. Ksakes blu, ksakes 3) prepare, make something grin. Blue, green. ready. Also: kraksoksok. ktekit vintr. against, to be against. kraktof vambi. break (a branch). Aktekit kik. I'm against you. See: kram 1 n. axe (originally made of kitsa. clam, kram). Tukp!rai nkas ki ku interrog v. why, for what kram. We (inc) split firewood reason? Mostly used in the with an axe. expression iku or nlaken iku kram 2 n. shellfish sp. Clams and 'why'. Kuftup! nlaken iku? Why Miters; shellfish, generic name are you fighting? Paku?! What for several types including Giant are you doing? Tete kafo tae tli clams. Types include kram na, ruku, rui pe tamroki natopu nap!rai, kram p!og. Tridacnidae; mau a? Some, I will tell you, Mitridae. See: lisan. they questioned, they didn't kram p!el n. adze with a flat believe in the spirit (natopu) at blade, used to shape the outside all. See: nafte. of a canoe, with the finishing ku= pron. you (2nd person work done with limur. See: singular realis Subject). limur; took. kuf1 Also: kuuf. n. arrow for kram p!og n. sugarcane (sp.), also killing birds, it has a flat or the name of one of the naflak, round end so that it stuns the dark red colour, nearly black. bird and knocksit to the ground. Each section is short, but thick. kuf2 v. fight, physical fight. kram teu n. sugarcane (sp.). kufa n. shellfish, 2 or 3 inches krip n. whip, made of nap!lel for long. example, used to control kui= pron. you (2nd person animals. singular perfect Subject). Krismes n. Christmas. kuk vintr. shrink. krokur vintr. frightened, to be; to kukumper n. cucumber. Cucumis be surprised. Naat ikrokur selwan sativus. kukol naat kin. The man is kul vambi. 1) cover, as in a surprised when you shout for blanket, wrap as in a present him. (note that kul is also 'skin'). krum vintr. cross one's arms. kulkul vintr. cover. 2) suffer krusperi n. wild berry. from being indoors too long Passiflora foetida. (idiomatic), perhaps to do kruuk vintr. collect, gather, pick with the pale sking that
16 South Efate Dictionary kulkor lai
comes from being indoors. Ipomoea batatas. Other kinds Ito em!rom to pram kati kin are kumol taar, kumol nawi, imsak go kulkul ni em!rom kumol rok, kumol m!nam!on. itfaakro. He was indoors so kursmanr vintr. slip. See: long with his sickness that soksmanr. his skin turned pale (lit: the kus vintr. hide. effect of being indoors kuskor vambi. hide from someone, covered him). See: nakul. hide while approaching (as in kulkor vambi. cover, as in covering prey), hide and watch. Me selwan laplap. See: kul. imai p!ulmatlen imai, kuskor kulmam n. person who can see mtulep Katapel. After he came supernatural beings, like ghosts, early, he came and hid from but doesn't have to bea munwei Katapel. See: p!oo. or kulru. See: munwei; kulru. kusu n. rat, mouse. kulmer n. light-skin. kut vambi. squeeze; squeeze, kulru n. clever, in a psychic press in one hand, hold firmly. sense, a healer. Or, natam!ol nen kut p!orp!rai vambi. crush in one's ipi kulru welkia tenamrun kefo mai hand. Pakut! p!orp!rai pur atol me me ga kefo pei nrik nam!er lap ki. p!anpakin kefa. Crush that egg Yes, this is a clever man and if shell and throw it away. something is going to happen in kuutin Also: kuut. n_inposs. louse. the future he will first tell Pediculidae. everyone about it. See: munwei; kuyaf n. guava. Psidium guajava. kulmam. kulsa n. skin sickness, black spots. kumol n. kumala, sweet potato. L - l laag n. fly. the dead man. laap adj. many, more. lagi adj. fancy, proud. laas n. cup. laas naniu. coconut laglaga vintr. cast spell. Ilaglaga shell. laas p!ur. basin. kik. He casts a spell on you. lag 1 vambi. scale, to take the lagsu n. wind, east wind (Lit: 'up scales off a fish. wind'). See: toklau. lag 2 vambi. sing. lai vambi. spit out. A lek nap!re ki lagarof n. mourner. Lagarof itagis ntwam iskei ito lai nuasog. I natmat. The mourner cries for dreamt of a devil that spits
South Efate Dictionary 17 lailaipako lates
smoke. lao 3 vambi. 1) plant. Alao nua lainmar v. breathe out quickly. nkas. I plant fruit trees. 2) stand, lailaipako n. fish sp. Fiveband to stand. 3) spear, as in lao naik flagtail. 'spear a fish'. 4) gouge, as in lak 1 n. fence for a pig. See: p!er. gouging out the inside of a lak 2 n. peg used to hold the canoe. 5) land, as in a bird outrigger (nsem) to the cross- landing on something. member (nakiat) on a canoe. lao 4 n. fish sp. Sandperch. lak 3 n. well, water source, Pinguipedidae. spring. laokinasusu n. fish sp. Nebulous lak 4 vintr. marry, to be; to be wrasse. Halichoeres nebulosus. wed. First fish to some in with the nlakwen wedding, marriage. tide, also identified as See: taulu; tousok; ptour; Bluntheaded wrasse. See: patru. ptour. laokor Also: laokro. vambi. kano lak n. bridegroom. obstruct. Loto isef toklos wou go a lakle n. sores, thick large sores laokro ki nmal nkas iskei. The (not boils). truck was coming towards me so lakor aux. maybe, might be. Ilakor I put out a log to obstruct it. pi ipat ko ilim. There might be laokot vambi. break. laokot nanuen. four or five. Kefo lakor mai. break one's neck. Maybe he'll come. Alakor pes sa. laolao n. table; seat. I might have said the wrong laop!or vambi. break. Ikursm!anr kai thing. laop!or narun. He slipped and laktao n. vine sp. broke his arm. lalu vintr. absent, of an octopus, laorpek n. fish sp. fish, small when you look at the octopus's white fish which lives in the hole in the rock and it has gone. mangroves and seaweed. You can take a stone from the laosok vambi. pound (e.g. copra, hole back to your house and kava); spear fish. then the next day when you go laotu v. stand up. back the octopus wil be there. laru num. seven. lao 1 vintr. establish; stand up. kelaru Also: klaru. adj. seventh. Tete naat rutok pregnrogo ruklao lat vambi. cut (e.g. using ki political empire. Some people scissors) hair, clothes, paper. tried to establish a political latana n. lantana, use the leaf on empire. Alaotu. I stand (stap). cuts. lao 2 v. 1) drip. 2) fall, of water lates num. six. over a waterfall. kelates Also: klates. adj. sixth.
18 South Efate Dictionary latlat leskes
latlat vintr. froth, as of water See: le. boiling, or froth on a stream, or lel 2 n. turtle shell. lather with soap. See: nlatlat; lelep n. black stone used for nai; latlat. cooking in a ground oven. latol num. eight. lelkau v. avoid something by klatol adj. eighth. walking around it. See: lelu. lau vintr. dance. See: nlauwen. lelu vambi. avoid. Kulelua kai pa. laufal n. pineapple. You avoid it and go. le vintr. look, see. lemis vambi. look at; visit. Aliat lek vtr. look at, see something. tap nen pan apan lemis raitok See: lel. nasum! namsaki. Last Sunday I le sulsul vintr. squint, like when went to visit my mother in the sun is too bright. hospital. le wi vintr. covet; desire. Alewi ki lep adj. big. See: p!ur. nasum! gaag. I like your house. leperkat vambi. 1) copy. 2) watch leel n. bracelet, rolled pandanus over, as in a child, or a cooking leaves. See: tarim. pot. 3) check if someone is lefek Also: lfek. vintr. 1) around, there. 4) look out, beware, be to go around. Pafa! me p!afo mer careful. lfek mai. You go but you will ler vintr aux. return, repeat; have to turn around. Kulfek ki repay. ler ki nafsan. answer. Atok Efat. You go around Efate. Taos, lerekir nen rukfo mer ler ki nafsan. teetwei gar ruto preg tp!er ilfekor I'm waiting for them to answer. natkon. As in the old days they ler pakor. reappear. ler p!akot. built a fence around the villages. repay. Nalag nen iwi, kupe ler wes? 2) spin, as in p!au kilfek, my head That's a good song, can you is spinning. See: fiif. repeat it? leg vintr. straight, correct. lereki Also: loraki. vintr. 1) look Sernale ruipe nom ser leg. forward to something. Ato lereki Everything is alright. p!afo mai. I am looking forward lei vambi ImpO. pick fruit. to you coming. 2) depend on lekor vintr. watch over, beware, someone doing something, care for. Palekor! m!at kefo katik. depend on something Watch out or that snake will bite happening. you. Palekor! nanrogtesan! Watch les n. pawpaw. Carica papaya. out for the accident! lesap!sap! vintr. don't recognise. Kulesap! naat. You don't lel 1 vambi. look for. Ag kuto lel naul nkas reki nalkis? Are you recognise the man. See: sap!. looking for leaves for medicine? leskes n. tree sp. Kind of pawpaw
South Efate Dictionary 19 lesmp!aun lof
with small seeds, trunk can be want five. Me naliati ilim inom go smashed and used to poison fish. ipo los go ipo fam. And after five lesmp!aun n. skull. days were over she would wash lesok adj. important, useful. and she would eat. let n. epilepsy. kalim adj. fifth. letae vambi. 1) realise, recognise. limen v. poke out one's tongue. 2) identify. limur n. adze with a curved lewi vintr. admire. Nam!er nen blade. See: kram p!el; took. rupa raru mai. Go tete rumai lewi limuti n. cleared piece of land. ki naor. Those men came See: em!au. paddling their canoes. And some lipep n. butterfly. came and liked the look of the lip!eslilip n. Staghorn, plant that island. lives on branches of a tree. lgaru vintr. double or cross weave lisan n. 1) shellfish sp. clam, of a mat. See: lgaskei. giant clam, Hippopus clam. lgaskei single weave of a mat. Hippopus hippopus. See: kram. See: lgaru. 2) vagina (slang). li female name marker, old lit n. wasp. fashioned. This cannot be used litas n. Box jellyfish. Chironex as a pronoun. Liku wan go ipa? fleckeri. Who is that (woman) going litot n. bêche-de-mer; sea there? See: kalo. Also: lei. cucumber; this is a general term lia vintr. together, be in one for all kinds of sea-cucumber. place. Holothuriidae. Litot ilap esan ipi lig vambi. pour out. nlel go nawen. There are lots of liglig vintr. shake (as in one's bêche-de-mer where there is soft head), refuse. mud or sand. See: nap!lai; pako likat n. basket made from nap!lai. coconut leaf and used to carry liu vintr. piled, to be heaped garden produce. See: nlafkir; up. Naniu rum!el mai kai liu tu napor; fuelig; nroog; tip!el; sp!ol; etan tu. The coconuts fell and tasal; polpol; nlafkir; napor; piled up here. sarpotpot. liuliu vintr. rough (of the sea). liksaal vintr. hang, as in a bat or lm!es n. top stone of a ground flying fox hanging, or a person oven. hanging by their hands. lof 1 vambi. rub. lilip Also: lipep; lisepsep. n. loflof vintr. rub and rub. spirit. lof 2 n. sword, made of wood, lim num. five. Amur kelim. I used in fighting.
20 South Efate Dictionary lof lupir
lof 3 vintr. walk in the bush. would be in th esea and would Komai tuk fan preg lof. Come let eat all of his eyes. us go and walk in the bush. luk n. well, pool, hole, lagoon. lom 1 adj. wet, to be. Malnen mtulep Katapel imai lom 2 vambi. take a photo. itermau pak eluk sees ga nen, loot n. sores on the foot, malnen kin ipa kefo mailum nre athlete's foot, tinnea. faat nen itkos. Katapel came near lop n. bamboo. Bambusa. to her small well, as she went, Nam!er got rutok preg nasum! ki lop. she slowly turned the stone that Black men make their house was there. from bamboo. See: nam!lalop. luksal n. the cavity in a canoe, the lor n. coconut cream, made by dugout part of the canoe. Ale squeezing coconut flesh. rup!ur luksal, luksal ipi san kin lorktal n. thick coconut cream, natam!olrutoktan wes a? Okay, made by cooking lor until it they filled the 'luksal', that's thickens. the place (in the canoe) in los vintr. 1) bathe, wash which a person sits. Paslatsi,! oneself. Selwan kum!ilo kulos. pan pai luksal raru negaag. When you are dirty you take a You take it all, you fill up bath. Kupreg teesa ilos. You bathe the inside of your canoe. the child. 2) swim. Tiawi rupo los lukot n. curtain. mai pak naor nen kin igar. The old lul 1 vintr. poke; insert. Me kefo people swam and came to a lulki naknin rufak nmal nanr pa. place that was dry. See: waf. But he would come and stick his fingers in the middle of the lot vintr. pray. bananas and go. loto n. car, vehicle. See: raru. lul vintr. roll fibre to make ltia vintr. weave the end a mat. 2 . Kupau m!iit na kupak nametp!agon string (coconut, hibiscus etc) vambi. . ale kultiaki. You weave the mat lum!nria turn inside-out to the end, then you ltiaki lup! vambi. pour. Kulup! ti. You (weave the ending). pour tea. Tulup! nakir nen tupan We pour out the coral lu vintr. vomit. Kaipe lue ki nmalok. I pai elau. vomited the kava. Alu tuer. I that we filled at the beach. See: vomit on them. uut; lig; saaprei; pi. -lu vsuff. fully, completely, as lupir vambi. unroll e.g. fishing in satlu, take all of, puetlu, pull line. out all of, weslu, carry all of. Ale katom ipo to euut po mai pamlu namten. So the hermit crab
South Efate Dictionary 21
-m maf
M - m
-m Also: m. pron. 1) your (2nd maar n. fish sp. Fusilier person singular possessive) (Common mojarra). when suffixed to inalienable m!aarak adj. clever; work hard. body parts. 2) me (1st person Im!aarak nawesien nega. He is singular Object) when suffixed clever at his job. to reflexive. maarik n. 1) husband. Kutae nrik maa vambi. grate using fatma e.g. maarik gaag ki na kemai. Amur grate vegetable onto leaves to katraus skoti. You tell your make laplap. See: trai. husband to come. I want to talk maaf vintr. open, as of a flower or to him. 2) mister, term of start, as of a war; burst, as of a respect. Naliat ilap maarik naot ito boil. preg nsaiseiwen. On many days maag 1 vintr. open, be open, of a the chief called meetings door, or a clam shell, or one's 3) spirit, respectful way of mouth. referring to a male spirit. See: maag 2 vintr. stare, look at (e.g. a natopu. performance); admire (and see maariktaku n. brother-in-law. maag 'to be open'). Ato maagwes maarikwi n. fish sp. Indo-Pacific nlaken itrau p!onp!tae. I admire it bonefish. Albula glossodonta. because it is so different. maas vintr. cooked, to be. Nafnag maagko n. mango. kipe mas. The food is cooked. m!aak vintr. peep. maasp!ok vintr. undercooked. maal n. hawk (type of bird). maat vintr. low tide. See: mu m!aal adj. smooth, of a coconut, nmaat. the outside cleaned well. Ipan kai nmaat n. low tide. tak naniu nen im!aal. He husked nmaat ni p!ulp!og n. low tide in the the coconut until it was clean. morning. m!aalm!aal adj. clear. nmaat ni kotfan n. low tide in the p!au m!aalm!aal bald. See: afternoon. See: mat; mu. p!aukaplat; p!aum!osu. m!aat n. snake. maalep 1 n. widow. See: p!ut; m!aau n. giant, strong man. pakmaalep. maet vintr. angry, to get angry maalep 2 vintr. observe five days with. Amaet ki naat selwan ito after death. See: up!lim. tilusus kineu. I'm cross with a maama v. sharpen. See: pkal; man when he talks about me. faatmaama. maf vintr. grow into.
22 South Efate Dictionary m!afei malier
m!afei v. grab something firmly, walk, I will slowly bend and sit squeezing and lifting, like down. 2) soft, weak; mailum grabbing hold of hair when you tkali, dab (touch gently). 3) easy. are in a fight, or grabbing hold mak v. don't know. Amakmak to. of a leaves of a plant. I'm there not knowing anything. mai vintr come, move towards. makol n. sugarcane sp. See: Ruto sol nalotwen kemai pak naor nap!rai; trares; tukmel; nafakton. Erakor. They brought makos n. Sandalwood. Santalum Christianity to come to Erakor austrocaledonicum. island. Mai! Come in! makot vintr. broken. Natuen imakot. — aux. come. Me Ati Lingari ipo His leg is broken. mai mat Efat. And Grandma makur See main entry: mokur. Lingari would die on Efate. Go mal 1 n. 1) time. Mal ni teetwei. komam nen kin upi tiawi ulek Ancient. Pamai! mal p!rakot m!as. nam!olien pei maipakor nam!olien ni You come anytime. mees. And we who are the old mal sees n. awhile. Papepei! to raki people, we look at life before kineu mal sees. Wait here becoming life today. Hebrida nen awhile with me. Tete mal to, mees imer mai pi Sentapoen. kefomai. Some time that will That Hebrida, today it has come (ie the future). 2) hour. become Centrepoint. Rupo mai Mal inru. Two o'clock. sok malfanen m!as. They just 3) weather. Mees mal isa. arrived now. Today the weather is bad. — dirpart. hither. Used as a mal vintr aux. refuse, not want directional particle to mean 2 to. Or selwan nalotwen kemai top, coming towards a location. tiawi ruto pregtalm!at, ko ruto preg Fotres ni Franis navy iskei ipo nalotwen m!as. Rumal ki nafkal. nigmam mos nafnag mai. A When Christianity took over, the (flying) fortress from the French old people made gardens or they navy brought us food. Selwan just prayed. They refused to mis imai to naur Erakor, go gar
rupato,tete ru pato Ep!uf mai. fight. adj. . When the missionary came to m!aler calm (of the sea) stay at Erakor island, some of malfane Also: malfanen. adv. them were there, and some came now, the time at which the from Ep!uf. event takes place. In a story set in the past, malfane refers to mailum adj. 1) quiet, slow. mailum fkar, giggle. Kafo siwer that time rather than the time
kafo mailum nrok pan totan. I will when the story is told. malier vintr. shame, be ashamed.
South Efate Dictionary 23 malig man
Kumalier nafte kupregi isa. You things. are ashamed of the bad thing malp!al n. coward. you did. malpei adv. before, a long time malig vintr. spilled, to be spilled. ago. Apreg nai imalig. I spilled the malp!erik Also: mlap!erik. n. water. goshawk or falcon (type of malik Also: nmalik; nmalko. n. bird), which flies very quickly. dark. maltali n. club, type of club or m!alit vintr. bang, explode. hitting stick. Kukraksmanr namrun imel mai tik m!altelit v. crack, as in the noise ntan im!alit. You dropped made by a tree before it falls or something and it exploded on a firecracker exploding. Gkap ni the ground. kapu ito m!altelit The laplap fire m!alm!al n adj. 1) clearing, a is making a crackling noise cleared area of land. 2) clean maltotae vambi. avoid, ignore. place, also used in p!au m!alm!al. Amaltotae namsaki gaag. I don't malmal 1 Also: malamal. n. grass want to know about your skirt. sickness. malmal 2 n. section, part, e.g. mam 1 pron. 1) we, us. (1st person between knots of bamboo or plural). 2) ours (1st person cane. Ntas islakot naur ses ipi plural possessive) (inclusive and malmal ipat. The sea split the exclusive). Go natam!ol inru rato small island into four sections. plaksok mam. And two people malnen Also: malran; malnran; would teach us. See: mom; malen. adv. 1) then. 2) as, at the nigmam. time when. Malnen rumur kapu mam 2 vintr. ripe, to be. Nuankas go ruto gar preg kapu. When they rumam. The fruit are ripe. want laplap, they would get mam 3 vintr. poisoned, to be them laplap. poisoned by, e.g. ciguetera. Ipam malogot n. fish sp. Blackspot naik me imam wes. He ate the fish snapper. Not eaten due to and then he was sick from it. ciguetera, (mam). Naat imam naik, ikraksok maloput prep. middle. Upreg camp nmamwen ni naik The man was maloput Efat, upuet telefon waia poisoned by the fish. See: nmal. pak Forari. We camped in the mamis adj. nearly ripe, to be. See: middle of Efate, we pulled the mam. telephone wire to Forari. mamp!ok adj. half ripe, to be. See: m!alosak vintr. look up. mam. malpa n. clearing, space between man 1 n. bird (generic). Ipiatlak
24 South Efate Dictionary man map!er
man ni ntas, man ni namlas, man mankerkrai n. hawk, eagle ni esum!. There are saltwater (strong one) (type of bird). birds, bush birds and house mankotik adj. wounded, to be. birds. manmon n. roll of e.g. banana or man got n. blackbird. man ntas; manioc in island cabbage (called man ninagis. sea bird. simboro in Bislama) cooked in a man 2 num. uncountable, too pot. See: nsem!mantu. many, also used in the idiomatic manmun n. prisoner, someone expression man go man, 'very who is punished for a certain many'. period of time but still has their man nap!lo n. Rufus brown rights as landowners, unlike pheasant dove (type of bird). nafit. See: nafit. Macropygia ??? manopnop adj. round, perfect, to man ni nmalfa n. aeroplane. be. As of rocks for the oven, a mana quantifier. 1) group, follows fat child or an orange without a word to define an expected marks on it. group: apap mana, iak mana, manreu vintr. thirst. Kumanreu kafo mother and father, ati mana, tuok nai p!amin. You are thirsty I 'grandmothers'. will give you water you drink. 2) approximately, used after a mantap!arp!ar num. million. time for example to say 'roughly mantas n. Brown booby (type of at that time': tri klok mana - bird). Sula leucogaster plotus. around three o'clock. 3) 'and so mantilsei n. White breasted wood on', or 'like that'. Me mees nen swallow (type of bird). iwelkia, teesa ruto preg nalag Pachycephala pectoralis mana. But today, like, the kids chlosurs ? make songs and so on. Fei mana mantu n. flying fox. p!atraem tli. Who all (is it), you maomao vintr. 1) tame, make quiet. try and tell it. 2) mediate. m!aniek v. fiddle around maon vintr. sweat, to. See: purposefully. nmaono. manim!at n. bird, white sea bird, maos vintr. tired, to be. maybe albatross. map!el vintr. bend in half, for manin v. feel dizzy from being up example bend your knees up to high, or the feeling you get your chest. Nmatu nen malen being on a swing; vertigo. imatur itm!en map!el. She bends maniot n. manioc, cassava. The her knees to her chest when she leaves are not generally eaten. sleeps. Manihot esculenta. map!er n. fish sp. fish, small, good
South Efate Dictionary 25 map!eriat matit
to eat but not everyone likes it, mas 2 aux. must (from Bislama). not good for asthmatics, has Go akam kin upi security knen black and white markings. komas lekor wi wes. And you who Swims with wel. act as the security for them, you map!eriat n. fish sp. Angelfishes. must look after them well. Pomacanthidae. See: tiftif. mas 3 vintr. sweep. See: sertao. map!or vintr. broken. Raru gaag m!asei n. star. imap!or p!afo sm!oli go p!afo pa. Your m!asei lep ni pulp!og n. morning canoe is broken, you can caulk it star. and then you can go. m!asei lep ni kotfan n. evening map!rap!or vintr. broken. See: p!or. star. mapul n. Pacific Imperial Pigeon m!asel vambi. take out the rib of a (type of bird). Ducula pacifica. leaf. mapul ni ntaf n. Pacific m!asenrsenr adj. slippery, to be. Mountain Pigeon. Ducula m!aser vintr. hiccup. bakeri. m!asm!as nothing. Raru im!asm!as to mar vintr. 1) breathe. Natam!ol itik namrun wes. The canoe is nmaron ipram. The man is empty, it has nothing inside it. panting (long breath). See: masmes n. knife. nmar; marmar; marom!iit. masoksok adj. firm, to be firm, 2) smell. Kumar ki nafnag ale p!afo solid. As in a well-built house. pami. You smell the food then masp!rai vambi. cut in half (e.g. you eat it. See: nrog; nap!o. peeled banana which one marmar vintr. rest. cooks). marom!iit n. asthma. Ata tae masrot vintr. destroy, be naftekin ipreg marom!iit mau. I destroyed. Ntan imasrot. don't know what caused the Landslip. Sum! imasrot. The asthma. house was destroyed. m!as adv. only, just. Ag m!as. mat vintr. 1) die, be dead, Yourself, just you. Apitlak nmaten - the dead body, mat nam!olien wi me kaipe kano siwer karkar - really dead, matpel - pak etalm!at, kaipe to esum! m!as to. half dead. 2) low tide, to be low I have had a good life, but I tide. haven't been able to walk to the emat n. grave. See: natmat; garden, I have just had to stay at nmaten. home. mateu n. fish sp. Boxfishes, mas 1 vambi. 1) saw, cut wood (for Trunkfishes and Puffers. example). 2) circumcise. See: Ostraciidae; Tetraodontidae. tfei. 3) clean, peel (e.g. yam). matit adj. 1) smooth, to be.
26 South Efate Dictionary matmal mem
2) flat. emphasise the noun it follows, matmal vintr. faint; be as in mp!agon maumau 'at its very unconscious. end'. m!atoktok n. strong, brave man. maur adj. left side, left handed. matol adj. thick, to be. As in a See: armatu; arworksu. thick pile of things, but also as m!aur n. fish sp. Slipmouth. in a thick soup, or kava that has Leiognathidae. not been strained properly. maurkat Also: maurikat. n. matool n. tomorrow; the future. mangrove, a small kind of matu 1 adj. right side. See: mangrove, used for house posts metmatu. and for the crossbeam of a canoe matu 2 adj. ripe, to be. Pakil! nawi that holds the outrigger. kipe matu. Dig out the yam it is maus adj. half dry, to be. As of ripe. wood. matuktuk vintr. wither. me1 conj. but; after; and. matuktukurik n. insect, black me2 vintr. flood. beetle-like insect with orange on meel n. shade, shadow. See: al. the top of its back which eats meer n. moth. whitewood of canoes. mees adv. today. meesp!og. matur vintr. sleep. Serp!og natam!ol tonight. runomser matur. Every night m!el1 vintr. float. Go selwan elau everyone sleeps. Namtek imatur imu go raru im!el go uto tmalu raki selwan apilo pram. My eye is Tangoa Santo. And when the tired when I've been awake for a high tide came in, and the boat long time. floated and we left for Tangoa, maturkor vambi. care for, watch Santo. over. m!el2 vintr. escape, slip out of mau 1 Also: maui. adj. 1) all, one's hands, fall off. whole, everyone. Nua imau. The m!elm!el adj. weak, to be. fruit is whole (unbroken). 2) m!eltig prep. close, next to. Em!eltig quantifier. Rumau to rusef. ki 10 klok. Nearly 10 o'clock. Everyone was escaping. mem vintr. piss. Selwan amin nai mau 2 particle. not. Used as the top, amur kamem. When I drink second part of a negation, too much water I need to piss. following the verb phrase. Me me vtr. urinate, piss. This is a itap metpaakor nafsan nig apap transitive form of the nega mau. But he didn't forget intransitive verb mem, one of his father's story. the small set of couplets in maumau particle. used to which a distinction between
South Efate Dictionary 27 memelim mla
an intransitive and transitive Imetmatu ki sernale ni nam!las. He stem can be made. Ame nkas. knows about everything to do Ameir. I piss on the trees. I with the bush. piss on them. nametmatuan n. knowledge. memelim n. shellfish sp. See: tae; ntaewen. Mauritian Conch, also general metmatur 1 n. sensitive grass. term for Cones. Strombus Mimosa pudica. decorus decorus; Conidae. metmatur 2 adj. sleepy. A weswes menal n. fish sp. Barracudas also nanom p!og api metmatur. I menalmiel. Sphyraenidae. worked yesterday and I have mer 1 aux. again, in turn, then. sleepy eyes. mer ler psi. return something. mer metp!akor vambi. forget. ler lak. remarry. mer ler mag. re- m!etu vintr. sneeze. open. Komam ramer tuer tete mgal 1 n. shell, large mother of nanromien ses. We two then gave pearl shell. them some small present. mgal 2 v. pull out. mer 2 vintr. numb, cramped, to be. miel adj. red. mer 3 n. moth species, a brown m!iit n. mat. moth. See: tagralim. mil adj. wild. Wak mil, to mil. meramok n. fish sp.which lives in Wild pig, wild fowl. anenomes, and moves in and out m!ilo adj. dirty, to be. nam!ilo is of them. 'dirt'. mermer Also: mer. vintr. rule, as of mimi vintr. suckle, breastfeed. a chief ruling a village. See: Rait teesa itu teesa imimi. The mrag. child's mother breastfeeds her mes vintr. play, as in play a child. See: sus. game, or play music. Kineu ames min vambi. drink. skot teesa. I play with the child. minrog vambi. taste a drink, try by See: nameswen. tasting. See: pamnrog. met 1 adj. 1) raw, to be. 2) adj. mir vintr. dye hair. unripe. Nua nkas ita met. The misleo n. voice, tune. fruit is still unripe. m!it adj. short, to be. met 2 vintr. choose, as in choosing mkal n. ant. Mkal miel ito preg a wife. Me gar ramur rak neu met. nasum! nap!lau ntan. Red ants They wanted to choose for me. make their house in the garden. metmaat n. conjunctivitus, pussy Mkal taar sesrik ruto krakpun eyes (lit: dead eyes). nkas. Small white ants eat tree metm!akur adj. selfish. trunks. See: tup!roor. metmatu vintr. wise, to be. mla vintr. bad, to be; of food.
28 South Efate Dictionary m!la mos
Nafnag nen kupsi ito ektem kefo mokur Also: makur. adj. skinny, mla. Food that you leave outside also makurkur. See: mrara. will go bad. mol vintr. hunt (for coconut crab m!la vintr. 1) yawn. 2) noise a only). devil makes when talking. m!ol1 vambi. squeeze, like mlaanr adj. cold, cool. squeezing kava or oranges. mlaap adj. final, last. m!ol2 vintr. 1) live, alive, of a mlag vintr. break, like a wave in living being, but can also be the ocean. See: tfarer. used e.g. of a volcano. Faat nen mlakes adj. blue, to be. rusoso ki faat Kalosik. Go apu nen m!lakon adj. sour, food that has itua nagien. Ga im!ol to mees ne. gone off, like yesterday's kava. That rock is called Kalosik. And mlapuas n. owl, kind of owl (type that grandfather named it. It is of bird). See: malp!erik; sokfal. alive today. 2) healthy. Used of m!latkon adj. sour, not as bitter as a person who is well, not sick. kookon. See: kookon. m!olm!ol n. testicles. m!lato n. Vanuatu Fruit dove (type m!oltao vambi. rinse clothes. See: of bird). Ptilinopus tannensis. preitao; pnultao. mlau n. Incubator bird, likes mom pron. ours (1st person plural hiding under napukmokul tree, exclusive direct possessive). building its nest in the rottentree Uslasol ki ntak mom. We took it trunk. Megapodius freycinet. on our backs. See: mam. mlees adj. pink, to be. mon n. fish sp. Name recorded mleomiel n. yam, type of yam. in the 1960s, but not known mletik Also: muletik; m!letik. vintr. today. walk on tip toes. m!on vintr. swim under water. mlil vintr. roll. Nkas imlil su ki m!ool n. orange. Citrus sinensis. ntaf. The wood rolled down the m!ool fes is the native orange hill. (Macroptera) whose juice is m!nam!on adj. yellow, to be. drunk but not highly valued. m!nam!on p!ok adj. orange colour, m!or vintr. submerge, as in a to be. canoe filled with water but still m!ok v. M!ok nam!nam!. Pull out floating. See: tut. weeds. M!ok nsankas. Take out a m!ori n. true. See: til; tilm!ori. splinter. m!orm!rom vintr. stage of growth — vambi. pull out. M!ok npatin of plant just before buds. Nawi iskei. Take out a tooth. M!ok nen im!orm!rom ser ntau. That yam nam!nam!. Pull out weeds. M!ok buds every year. nsankas. Take out a splinter. mos vambi. carry inside
South Efate Dictionary 29 m!osus mra napuen
something, like in a canoe, a mpal n. tree, Milkwood Tree. wheelbarrow, or a car. Atak Tall tree used to make canoes. naniu ore amosi pak esum!. I Bark used to be used for making husked the coconut then carried cloth. Antiaris toxicaria. it home. mpalag v. sleep on top of m!osus vintr. withdraw, pull back, something. like an anemone. mpamun Also: mpam; npam. mot vambi. bind. Kumot nkap po n_inposs. shoulder. slati. You tie up the firewood m!p!aron Also: m!p!ar. n_inposs. then you take it. See: motsok. 1) side. 2) side of face. motsok vambi. tie. See: mot. MacDonald (late 1800s) has motu adj. 1) old. Ag kuipe pi tiawi bora as the sides of the face and motu. You are already an old temple which women used to person. 2) dense, of trees in a cut and tear open with sharp forest. Ipitlak namlas motu iskei shells during mourning. itu natik naum. There is dense mpasok vambi. to hold a mat flat bush near the river. using a rock while weaving. mp!agon n_inposs. 1) buttocks. mpasul v. lie down among some Teesa nen m!pagon ifag. This child things, e.g. mapsul nkal 'to lie has sores on his buttocks. among a heap of clothes'. 2) end, furthest point of mpatur v. to go through a group something. See: nametp!ag. of things, e.g., mpatur natam!ol - mpak n. banyan, varieties of 'go through a group of people'. banyan are called mpakaul, mpak m!p!auwak n. shellfish sp. m!aau. Mpak ipi nkas p!ur nen Tuberose Rock-shell. Thais nakon rulap. Banyons are big bitubercularis. trees with plenty of roots. mra 1 n. eel (generic). mra p!anuk mpaklep n. Anemone that lives lives among stones. mra mtamok in the sand. See: nrimen. is eaten. (No further mp!akron Also: mp!akor. n_inposs. identification for these two lid, its. named eels). mpakur ni elau n. tree, Tamanu. mra ni nai n. freshwater eel. Calophyllum inophyllum. mra ni ntas n. moray eel, (also: mpakur ni euut n. tree, 'false mra maat, mra tfei). See: Tamanu'. Note: fruit may be takto. eaten (Tanna, Paama and Vanua mra 2 vintr. bleed. Kanonen ito Lava) but in other parts it is not mra. The man is bleeding. eaten. Garcinia pseudoguttifera. mra napuen n_inposs. spinal mpakus n. bush (generic). column.
30 South Efate Dictionary mra nm!ap! mtalu
mra nm!ap! n. Giant moray eel. feel burdened. Amroput top Gymnothorax javanicus. selwan anrog kumsak. I worry mra tfei n. banded snake eel when I hear you are sick. which lives in the sand and is mrotae vambi. recognise by not eaten. thinking about something. See: mrag vambi. rule, as of a chief letae; nrogtae. ruling a village. See: mermer. msag vambi. fetch. Me kafo preg mrakor Also: mirakor. n. trap, loto kefan msagi mai. Me malpei animal trap. Kafan preg mrakor itik. I will get the car to come reki wak. I will go and make a and fetch it (the garden food). pig trap. But not in the old days. Ruga mram adj. 1) light, clear. msag serale nen. They brought 2) Christian times, the 'light'. Ipi everything for her. mal ni tiawi, go ipi mal nen kin loto msai v. to have holes in it. See: rutik, go ipi malnen ita mram wi msaisei. mau. This was in the old msaisei adj. holey, full of holes, people's time, when there were like a tin roof with lots of holes no cars, and it was a time that in it. was not in the light (before msak Also: masak. vintr. sick. Christianity). namsaki is 'sickness, disease'. mrara adj. 1) thin, for example of msal adj. different, to be. a thin person. See: mokur. mtaatak vambi. look after, hold 2) shallow, of water. onto (guard for oneself). mrer vintr. die down (of fire). Kupaoski tenamrun me Malnen kupreg kapu nkap ina imtaatakun. You ask for imrer go kupan, go kupo nrak. something but he doesn't want to When you make laplap the fire give it (he is keeping hold of it). dies down and you can roast Itrau mtaatak sernale. He is vegetables, then take out the looking after everything. stones. mtafus adj. stupid. mro vintr. think. Kuto mro ki mtak vintr. fear. Kumtak ki naat nafte? What are you thinking nen ina kewat gik. You're scared about? See: mroperkati. Also: of the man who wants to hit you. mromromro. mtakseu n. carpenter. mroperkat vintr. imagine, m!tal vambi. harvest. remember. See: mro. mtalu vambi. choose. Kineu mropir vambi. dislike. Amroprik. I amtaluok nen p!afi naot. I choose don't like you. you to become the chief. See: mroput vintr. worry, be troubled, tiptip.
South Efate Dictionary 31 mtapes na
mtapes n. orphan. As in stripping hibiscus mtar vintr. set, go down of the branches (nap!lel) to make string. sun (for the moon use tanun. Al 2) slough. As im!ul. The coconut imtar. Sunset. See: tanun. crab changes its shell. mtas vambi. scratch. m!ulm!ul vintr. flake, peel, e.g. of mtastes adj. scratched, skin skin, or paint. scratched by something. munwei n. doctor, healer, mtel v. fire glowing, having magician. See: kulru; kulmam. been burning brightly (sor) but mur 1 vambi. want. Amur katae no longer. See: sor; nfag. nafsan gamus. I want to learn mten adj. heavy. your language. Amurin. I want it. namtenwen n. weight. See: namurien; na. mtet adj. rotten, e.g., of wood, or mur 2 vintr. smile, laugh. tin roof, but not of food. See: p!o. mtamurmur vintr. smile a little; mtir 1) vambi. write, paint. giggle. namtirwen n. writing. mus pron. 1) you (2nd person mtirtir adj. coloured, striped. plural Object). 2) your (2nd mtulep n. 1) wife, also nmatu. person plural inclusive 2) spirit, respectful way of possessive). referring to a female spirit. mut vambi. greedy, keeping 3) woman, old woman deserving something for yourself. Rafmut of respect. ntaewen go akit tukano preg mu vintr. high tide, to be high namrun. They were greedy for tide. Elau imu The tide is high knowledge, and we couldn't do See: maat; puk. anything. Also: . n. fermented mukal Also: mkal. adj. sharp. mutrei mitei Masmes imkal. The knife is breadfruit (archaic form not sharp. See: pkal. known today but found in writing on South Efate from the mukalkal Also: mkalkal. vintr. itch, 1950s). be itchy. namkalkal n. itch. m!ul vambi. 1) peel; strip bark. N - n
-n pron. 1) he, she, it (3rd person inalienable body parts or used in singular Object). 2) his, hers or reflexive constructions. its (3rd person singular Direct na1 det. the. possessive) when suffixed to na2 hesit. hesitation.
32 South Efate Dictionary na nafakton
na3 Also: nag. vintr. say. naal prep. inside, the main part na4 Also: nag. vintr. want, to of something (fe.g., v:naal naruk want. To intend to do the palm of your hand). something. Malnen ina kefak, itu naal ni teesa n. womb ('basket for sa imur na kefak Ermag. When he child'), afterbirth or sac the baby wanted to go, he was here and is in inside the womb. he wanted to go to Erromango. naalon Also: naal. n_inposs. crotch, Kaaru nen ana katrausi, ana part of the front of the body katraus na natrauswen gakit teni where the legs meet. Efat. The next that I want to tell, naar n. tide; current. I want to tell our story, of those naariu n. lemongrass, used to from Efate. See: mur. make tea. na6 COMP. complementiser, naat n. tree sp. Nut inside the used after other verbs of fruit, eaten only by flying fox. speaking or feeling as in Wood can be used to make Bislama, 'se'. Kutrok na teesa paddles. Terminalia sepicona. nanwei neu kefo taulu teesa gaag naaten Also: naat. n_inposs. 1) soul. teesa nmatu gaag? Do you agree 2) spirit, a spirit that can't be that my son marries your child, seen and can be either good or your daughter? Atli na amur bad. Naatak inrir. I am scared kaweswes. I said that I want to (Lit: My spirit is flying). Me work. Atua kin ipreg naten, naten p!otae, na7 PVC. begin to. Selwan rutoto naaten nen kin iwel ag kurog, go pan pan welkia nalotwen ina kefo kefo watgik. God makes the mai. They stayed and stayed naten, different naten, and if you until Christianity began to do wrong he will hit you. arrive. naat person. See: natam!ol. na8 Also: nag. REL. relativiser, 3) someone, a definite but used after a noun to introduce a non-specific person. relative clause. naat p!rakot anybody. naage n. almond, native almond. somebody. Naat p!rakot kemai Note: nut tree, resin once used slati pan. Somebody came for caulking canoes. Canarium and took it away. indicum; Canarium harveii. naatmat n. fruit fly. naal n. basket. Naal nen kutae pai naf 1 n. liquid. nkal wes. A basket in which you naf 2 n. pumice stone. See: can put clothes. See: nrog; fuelig; faatsal. likat; tip!el; sp!ol; tasal; polpol; nafakton n. sugarcane species, nlafkir; napor; sarpotpot. green (ksakes) and red (miel).
South Efate Dictionary 33 nafamwen naflak
See: nap!rai; trares; tukmel; you have eaten poison to vomit makol. out the poison onto the person nafamwen feast. who has poisoned you. nafanu 1 n. tree sp. Leaves used as nafil n. navele, Bush Nut tree, a medicine. smaller one, compare with nafanu 2 n. country. napkor or nafil pokor which has a nafanu sa n. hell. bigger pith (nafengan) around nafarifa n. tree sp. Neisosperma the nut. Barringtonia edulis. sp.? nafilsanr n. tree sp. Leaves used nafarun Also: nafar. n_inposs. for decoration as they smell wing. good. Tree used for firewood, nafeifeien n. omen. See: fei. birds eat the fruit. n. nafen Also: nafnen. n_inposs. nafinaotan chiefliness, also the armpit. chiefly line. See: naot. nafengan Also: nafenga. n_inposs. nafinrin Also: nafinr. n_inposs. rib. flesh that is inside a shell, e.g. nafis n. Fijian asparagus, navisa coconut or shellfish, also the (Bislama), small sugar cane. pith around a nut, like nafil. nafit n. slave. This could be nafenu n. tree with a furry leaf, someone who has had their land used to cover fish when you taken away as punishment and is cook them, gives them a nice sent away from their own taste. Also now used to clean village. Usage: archaic. See: diving glasses. manmun. nafer Also: naferfren. n. bits, nafitiawian n. old age. See: crumbs. tiawi. naferkal n. dwarf spirit that nafkal n. battle, war. Selwan nlaun usually moves around in groups. rupakruk rutae preg nafkal. When naferkal n. group of children. countries come together they can have big battles. nafet 1 n. spleen. nafkou n. messenger. Pafi! nafkou nafet 2 n. group, used of plants, animals or trees. pak Eton. You be the messenger nafetfet n. 1) seat of canoe. to Eton. 2) platform between canoe and naflak n. clan. Note: you are in the outrigger. same clan as your mother. You have to marry someone from nafi n. taro sp. another clan. Some clans no nafiefi n. tree, like a small palm longer exist because of no with a grooved leaf, the heart is children in the line. Some of the used for roasting fish. Has bitter clans and their characteristics fruit used as an emetic, eat it if
34 South Efate Dictionary naflel nagrof
are: kram a shell which sits on and which is regarded as a the beach in good time but weed. buries itself in the sand in bad nafsan n. 1) story. 2) language. times; nm!al a wild yam. The nafsik n. flesh (of fruit or animal). shoots don't follow the rope you nafsup!narun Also: nafsup!nar. put to train it. namkanr a plant n_inposs. elbow. which grows quickly, takes firm nafte interrog. what. See: ku. hold, but dies soon after; ntal naftogin Also: naftog. n_inposs. taro, skin is a little bitter but the stem of a plant. inside is good; nawi yam, these naftourwen n. wedding. Today people control their feelings; also commonly nlakwen. See: wit, the octopus, who changes lak. colour depending on its naftuan n. gift. See: tu 'give'. surroundings. nafum! Also: nafum!e; nafum!kas. n. n. naflel dry leaves (after cooking flower. See: fum!. on the hot stones). See: nteu. nafusrekwen Also: naflewen n. fight, argument. See: nafuserekwen. n. conversation. ple. nafut n. bubble. nafnag n. food (veg). Nafnag ni nagi n. tree, strong ironwood, talm!at. Garden food. Nafnag ni grows on rocks by the sea, trunk
aliat. dinner. Nafnag ni pulp!og. can be 2 ft in diameter, breakfast. succulent leaf and small flower nafnag ni afsak n. plant which with yellow centre. Medicinal grows near the sea, succulent, uses. Leaves can be used to eat it with dry coconuts or pickle make your teeth strong. Also use it with chilli. it to decorate your house. nafofon n. vine sp. Strong vine nagien n_inposs. name. which was used to make whips. nagis n. point, cape, headland. nafolflon Also: naflon. n. nagitpar n. tree, leaves look like . See: . behaviour folfol cabbage, grows near the sea, nafon n. pubic cover, woven cloth smells good. Leaves used for which used to be attached by the medicine. belt and passed between men's naglan Also: nagal. n_inposs. gum. thighs. Usage: archaic. See: fon; nagorin Also: nagor. n_inposs. nasieg; pisp!lolo; nanrepnrep; 1) nose. 2) end of a mat, tassle . nap!lai or special weaving. n. scrub. nafrofur nagrof n. tree, New Guinea nafrofursa n. plant, any kind of Rosewood. Timber used for plant for which there is no use canoes. Pterocarpus indicus.
South Efate Dictionary 35 nai naknraen
nai n. water. See: ntas. naitarpes n. yam sp. nai kokon n. bitter, alcoholic naken Also: nak. n_inposs. inside drink, wine, spirits and so leg. on. Selwan kumin nai kokon nakfakof n. tree sp. Good for nen, ipreg np!aum ilefek. When firewood. you drink that alcohol it naki n. pandanus, cultivated. makes your head spin. Hanging roots are used to make nai latlat n. beer (bubble water). tongs (gkur) for taking stones nai miel n. wine. out of the fire. Pandanus naik n. fish (generic). tectorius ? See: nfak. naik man n. fish sp. Lion fish; nakiat n. cross-member of a Butterfly fish. Pterois spp. canoe, joins the canoe to the naik nrimen n. fish sp. outrigger. Damselfishes, Anemonefishes. nakik n. poles attached to top of a Pomacentridae. See: tametpel. canoe used as handle for naik taos n. fish sp. Remoras. carrying the canoe. Echeneidae. nakimtirmtir n. pandanus with naikmetpuk Priacanthus striped leaves. mauracanthus. nakir n. 1) coral. 2) gravel. naiknrir n. fish sp. kind of flying nakirles n. soft coral (some is fish. edible). nainom n. tree sp. Fruit eaten by naklak n. tree sp. Comb tree, small flying-foxes. fruit eaten by flying foxes. naipir n. Chinese Lantern tree. Planchonella grayana. Hernandia nymphaeifolia; naklun n_inposs. skin, of people Hernandia peltata. only. See: nasokon; kul. nairo n. yam sp. nakmou n. tree, Island Teak, naiser n. river. See: naum!. hardwood used for tools and for naisig n. bush with red berries, houses. Bark once used to make fruit is sweet. Malopia barkcloth. Intsia bijuga. scondens. naknin Also: nakin. n_inposs. naisun n_inposs. 1) breast. See: finger, toe. Me kefo lulki naknin mimi; sus. 2) prickle, thorn: rufak nmal nanr pa. But he would (naisun); naism!ol orange thorn; come and stick his fingers in the naislaim; naismandrin. middle of the bananas and go. nait n. Fig tree, figs wrap naknot n. tuber, any kind of tuber around the trunk of the tree. (e.g. naknot ntal, a yam tuber). Ficus wassa. naknraen n_inposs. brain, bone naitar n. semen. marrow.
36 South Efate Dictionary nako nalewen
nako n. root. possesses. Kafo puetsok nakte nakof soft, of ground, in ntan nkal wel atuleg me ana kataf. I nakof, half sand half soil. would hold my skirt like this, I nakoi n. plot, allotment of land. would stand up to leave. Kutap!op!tai nmakot seserik ko nakur n. Indian Mulberry, not nakoi seserik. You divide the used as a dye today, but it was yard to make a small yard. See: used as a yellow dye for mats nmakot. and hair. Layard (1915) says it nakoinrok prep. back, behind, was used for sickness, and that it rear. Paler! pak nakoinrok. Go was mixed with lime to make a back behind! Selwan kuna red paint. Also known for p!aweswes p!atale pak nakoinrok medicinal uses (as 'Tahitian mau. When you want to work, noni'). Morinda citrifolia. don't look behind. nakwak n. coleus, used as nakompak n. yam sp. Sweet, like medicine and to decorate the arrowroot. house. Coleus spp. nakon 1 n_inposs. 1) face. 2) prow of nala n. vine, lawyer cane, used a canoe. for binding, for example the nakon 2 n. share, half. outrigger to the cross-members. nakpei prep. ahead, forward, front. Also known as Supplejack. Kulek nakpei selwan kuna p!afreg Flagellaria spp. namrun. You look ahead when nalag 1 n. scale, of a fish. See: lag. you want to do something. nalag 2 n. song. nakpes n. tree sp., young leaves nalamlame n. dew. eaten together with ntali fruit. nalapul n. web, spider web. Also use the wood to make fish nalauna n. nation. traps by planting sticks nalelewen n. opinion. See: le. vertically in the water to create a nalen n_inposs. voice. fence. nalenan n. truth. nakrik n. Fig tree. Ficus virgata. nalepleptau n. skin disorder, nakrok n. vine sp. Strong vine. spots on skin, itchy, white and nakser n. wild kava, creeping thick black varieties; leaf disease. vine, leaf eaten, but not the root. nalewen n. look, the way Its leaves can stop a devil that is something looks. following you. nalewen wi beautiful, nakte pron ? my(1st person something that looks singular possessive). Unusual in attractive. Rupregi nen kefi being the only possessive form nalewen wi. They make it so that precedes the object it that it is beautiful.
South Efate Dictionary 37 nalfen nam!el
nalewen sa ugly, something that potato. Kalsarap says it is not doesn't look good. eaten today as it is too bitter. nalfen n_inposs. track. Layard (1915) says it is fruit of nali n. clearing for a house. a wild yam skinned and scraped naliati days, used to describe a and put in a basket in which it is period of time, not a specific soaked for a day in salt water, day, which would be aliat. then for another day in fresh ser naliati adv. every day, daily. water. It may be eaten without m!au naliati n. day, whole day. further preparation, or else naliel n. vine sp. Used for cooked with coconut scrapings. temporary binding, sap hurts nam! n. coconut, green, no flesh your eyes. inside, but you can drink it. First nalik n. tree sp. Small tree (3-4 stage at which you can consume metres), firewood. a coconut. nalkis n. medicine; leaf magic. namal nkas n. log of wood. nalnatuen Also: nalnatu. n_inposs. namalko ni us n. cloud, storm arch of foot. cloud. namalmil n. tree sp. Garuga nalo 1 n. dust; smoke. floribunda. nalo 2 n. tree, small tasty nuts, wood also used for house namamao n. tree, also known as construction and fuel. Finschia nkas ni Esanr 'Santo tree', used chloroxantha. for tree posts. Pipturus argenteus. See: . nalomlom n. moss. nametal namamwen n. poisoning, food nalotwen n. prayer. See: lot. poisoning. See: mam 'to be naltelit n. spark. poisoned'. nalun n_inposs. hair, moustache, n. beard, body hair, his/her, nal nam!aniu bunch of fruit on a tree, like coconuts or nmal (Hog nfas namet(kit) - our eybrows;. Plums). nam!aniu naniu. bunch of nalwaniksu n. sea urchin with
soft bristles. It is eaten raw or coconuts. n. cooked. the name comes from namas harvest, food from the the spines looking like a rat's garden. whiskers (nal (hair) wan ni kusu nam!aser n. grass skirt. (rat)). See: somkol; sup!sup!; namatal n. tree, Puzzle Tree. saofak. Note: bark used as cord, leaves . Kleinhovia hospita. nam n. yam sp. some are sweet, medicinal some are bitter, red, yellow, namatun n. thing. tenmatun. white ones. Fruit hangs down something. and can be eaten, it is like a nam!el n. namele, cycad palm.
38 South Efate Dictionary nam!elfer namgar
Leaves used as a sign of peace. namet nafsan n. verse. Fruit not eaten today. namet p!ur n. door. nam!elfer n. charcoal. namet sees Also: namet klas; nam!elnatuen Also: nam!elnatu. nmetlele. n. window. n_inposs. heel. nametal n. tree sp. Used for namen 1 Also: namen. n_inposs. building, but rots if put in the tongue. ground. See: namamao. namen 2 Also: name. n_inposs. nametfaai n. fish sp. Emperors. urine, piss. See: me. Lethrinidae. See: nsul. namenkori n. spleen, a part of the nametfau n. hole drilled in the guts that looks like a dog's side of canoe used to attach tongue (namen 'tongue', kori cross-members. 'dog'). nametmet n. banana for cooking, nam!er1 n. people, more than one a white one (nametmet taar), and person. nam!er malik. heathen. red one (nametmet miel). nam!er nafkal. soldier. nam!er nametmetmiel n. banana, type prakot. civilian. nam!er p!afp!of. of banana. adult. Nam!er p!afp!of m!as ki rutae nametnai n. spring. mai takinrog. All adults only can nametp!agon n_inposs. end, come and listen. See: kano; naat; conclusion. Itik ki nametp!agon. natam!ol. There is no end to it. Ga kin itap!o nam!er2 Also: pinis. n. tree, Bead patu nametp!ag nagis ne rusoso ki Tree. Note: bright red hard seeds Katapel. He is the one who fell used for necklaces. Wood used over at the end of the point that for canoe paddles. Adenanthera they call Katapel. pavonina. nametrau n. 1) family, line. Close nam!ermra n. tree, the red bark of family. Now many people use it is scraped and rubbed in the 'famle'. Nametrau neu ruto natkon hair to make dreadlocks. The karu. All my family live in wood is not good to burn as its another village. See: naflak. fumes are bad for asthmatics. 2) type. Ipiatlak nametrau naik Leaves used as medicine (taken ilap. There are many types of every five days) and to wrap fish. things, but not for cooking. namgalgal n. tree sp. Timber, namesp!al n. desert, place with no strong wood. vegetation. namgar 1 n. coconut disease; white nameswen n. game. See: mes. spots in the throat and on the namet faai n. fish sp. Emperors. tongue. Lethrinidae. See: nsul. namgar 2 n. plant sp. Small plant
South Efate Dictionary 39 namiel namrem
that grows to 20cm, along the flew and landed on the rock in seashore. The leaves are roasted the ground, and that place is and then drunk as a cure for there to this day. coughs. nam!lenatuen Also: nam!lenatu. namiel n. rust. n_inposs. footprint. namir n. tree, Island Walnut. nam!les n. plant, eaten in laplap, Used for spear wood, especially has white flowers. There is a good because the wood is strong white (taar), red (miel) and green but floats. (ksakes) variety. Graptophyllum namir ni euut n. tree sp. Used to spp. be used to make candles as it namlun Also: namul. n_inposs. has a natural kind of kerosene. skin, hide (of animals). The fruit can be used for nam!nam! n. grass. dancing rattles. namok n. tree. Rosewood, used for namkanr n. plant, grows quickly, making canoes, paddles, takes firm hold, but dies soon carving. Prized for its colour. after. Grows to about 1 metre, Fruit eaten raw. Cordia like a weed. Also known as wild subcordata. arrowroot. One of the clans nam!olien n. life. See: m!ol. (naflak). Food eaten after nam!olin n_inposs. body. cyclone has damaged all other nam!ol nasum! n. body/outside of food. Two kinds, red and white. house. The red one has no leaves and nam!on Also: nam!. n_inposs. produces a bad smelling flower. 1) heart. 2) lung. n. dregs, small amount of nam!lak nam!or n. hole; deep place in the drink left in a glass. sea. nam!lalop n. bamboo species. See: nam!oru n. deep sea. Tete nasum! lop. nlag isat itut kin nam!oru. Some namlas n. bush. See: namlaskos. houses the wind took and namlaskos n. jungle. See: namlas. drowned in the deep (sea). See: nam!lat n. tree, Devil nettle. Note: paketan. stinging nettle tree. Dendrocnide namos n. ocean. See: elau; ntas. latifolia. Syn: gkar. nam!os n. tree used to make the nam!len 1 n_inposs. tail (of fish). outrigger (nsem) of a canoe, and See: napu 'animal's tail'. the cross-members (nakiat). nam!len 2 Also: nam!le; nam!el. nam!ou n. tree sp. Bark once used n_inposs. place; space, plenty of to make barkcloth. room. Ip!erik imai lao na faat etan, namrem n. 1) light. 2) Christianity go nam!len ito panpan tuk mees. It (reflecting the Christian notion
40 South Efate Dictionary namroan nanr
that before missionaries was a namten window, door of a house. time of 'darkness'). See: namet sees, namet p!ur. namroan n. thinking. namtlen n. section, as found in nam!romin Also: nam!rom. fruit, e.g., a pawpaw which has n_inposs. new leaf growth. five sections, or an orange's namrun n. something. Pafa! ektem sections. mal ses me kaonsil kofo til tete namtun n. tree sp. Cerbera namrun. You go outside for a odollam. Ornamental, latex while and Council will have leaves used in medicinal something to say. namrun p!rakot. preparations and poison. Used anything, any kind of rubbish. as fish poison. Patap! tkali mau ipi namrun p!rakot, namurien n. desire, wanting p!apalekor. Don't touch it, it's something. See: mur. rubbish, you lookout! nan n. ringworm. namsaki n. sickness. nana interject. 'thingamy', used as namta n. end of reef, where it a filler when you can't think of becomes the open sea. the right word. namtagot n. tree sp. Elattostachys nanan n. goat. falcata. nanin 1 n_inposs. child. namtame n. crab (general term). nanin 2 Also: nan. n_inposs. shadow, namtamiel n. tree sp. wood used photo. Nan teem!ol go natam!ol. to make the frame of a thatch Pictures of animals and people. house. Alek nanik. I'm looking at my nam!tam!ot n. 1) dust on the spear own image. See: tip!ot. of the coconut palm. 2) sawdust. naniu 1 n. coconut, name of the tree nam!tam!ot ni naniu. pollen from and the fruit. Cocos nucifera. coconut. See: nalo. 3) rubbish. naniu 2 n. dolphin. Delphinidae. namtampe n. thatch, usually naniu motu n. green coconut sewn up from sago (rowat) with a shell just starting to dry. leaves, one row of thatch. nanom adv. yesterday. namtau n. anchor. Selwan ana nanr 1 n. fish sp. Needlefish, katkau atut ki namtau ipusok raru Halfbeaks. Hemirhamphidae; go apotkau. When I want to fish I Belonidae. See: p!agp!ag. throw in the anchor to hold the nanr 2 n. banana, generic. Also a canoe, then I start to fish. kind of banana which is very namten Also: namet. n_inposs. eye. yellow and the bunch grows up Naat nen, namten imalik. The man on the tree rather than hanging fainted (literally 'eye it is dark'). down. Selwan nanr imam kutae See: tkau; nametfau. pami ko kupreg kapu kin. When
South Efate Dictionary 41 nanra nap!ap!ak
banana is ripe you can eat it or nanrogtesan n. trouble. See: you can make laplap with it. nrogtesa. nanra n. banana species where the nanromien n. 1) present. See: hand of fruit stands up straight nrom. 2) feeling of love. rather than hanging down. nanrum!en Also: nanrum!. nanrau namet Also: nanrau n_inposs. chest. namet. n_inposs. eyelashes. nanrup! n. plantation. nanrup! nanre n. side. Nanre ni maur. Left naniu. coconut plantation. See: side. Nanre ni matu. Right side. naroi. Rupo tankin nanre, nanre nasum! nanrur n. earthquake. See: nrur. gar. They would bury him by the nanrwor 1 n. banana sp. side of his house. nanrwor 2 n. yolk, egg-yolk. nanre wes beside. nanu n. pearl, bead. n. cloth used to nanrepnrep nanuen Also: nanu. n_inposs. neck. wrap oneself in, lavalava. Nmatu nanumtap!es n. tree sp. green rupiatlak nkal ses nen rusoso ki fruit that goes grey or black and nanrepnrep ruofa su po mer of nkal then can be used to make p!ur. Women have a small piece necklaces. of material called a nanrepnrep nanwei n. man; male. which they wear under a bigger nao vambi. grate the skin (of piece of clothing. See: nap!lai; 1 roasted yams and taro). nasieg; pisp!lolo. nao 2 n. wave. nanreu n. fish bones, bones of naor n. place. naor p!rakot. small animals, like snakes. anyplace. Esan ipi naor p!rakot. nanrm!a n. tree, used for rough This is just any place. Pamai! house posts. Poisonous wood, p!atlas kineu naor p!rakot m!as. You and smoke from its fire is an come and meet me any place. irritant. Eaten only by children. n. chief, boss, captain, Also used as a medicine for naot asthma. Also used to make leader. nawes (paddles). Has exposed nap n. pumice. See: faatsal. buttressed roots. Pipturus nap! n. tree. Note: seeds ground argenteus. up with sand and water and nanrm!anipun n. tree sp. good placed into pools to kill fish wood for making the outrigger (JIW:124) Leaf used for roasting of a canoe (nakiat ). food. Barringtonia asiatica. n. . nanrmem pot n. banana sp. nap!a tree, with hard nut seeds n. banana species (like nanrmem swit n. banana sp. nap!ap!ak a niuslan). nanrognrogon n. news.
42 South Efate Dictionary napas nap!laso
napas n. fish sp. Pipefish, the ashes on your head. Shrimpfish. nap!et n. meaning. Atae nag kefo napas n. coconut branch, middle nrik mam ki nap!et nafsan nag itili. of the big coconut from which I know he will tell us the the leaves (naun naniu) grow. meaning of the story that he nap!e n. slitgong. told. napeenr n. 1) food made from napiau n. swell, surge in the sea. dried manioc, grate the manioc napien n_inposs. vagina. and then squeeze the water from napil n. lightning. manioc and leave it to dry, mix napirkitin Also: napirkit. with coconut milk and put a hot n_inposs. stalk of coconut. Part of stone into it. It is like a jelly. one type of coconut tree that 2) arrowroot, the introduced holds the coconuts. Can be used plant that was collected and then as a rake. used by the missionaries to raise nap!kal n. hibiscus sp. Hibiscus funds for printing translations of rosa-sinensis. Christian materials. nap!kasin Also: nap!kas. n_inposs. nap!ei luk n. puddle of water left meat. nap!kas wak. pork. at low tide. napkor n. bush nut, longer than napel n. fish sp. sardine. nafil. There is also a red one Clupeidae. (napkor miel). Barringtonia nap!el n. yam sp., metre long (or procera. more) white yam. napkun n. knot (in wood). nap!elen n_inposs. belly. nap!lae pako n. sea cucumber nap!elgan n. page of a book. which is long and has an napelial n. fish sp. Indo-Pacific anemone-like end. Synapta Tarpon. Megalops cyprinoides. maculata. See: litot. nap!ep!es n. foam in the mouth of nap!lai n. belt, made of hibiscus someone, for example, when bark or similar material, they are having a fit. traditionally worn by both men naper n. side. and women, but women hung a nap!es Also: nakpes. n. tree sp., skirt (nasieg) as a pubic covering young leaves eaten together with from the nap!lai. See: nasieg; ntali fruit. Also use the wood to pisp!lolo; nanrepnrep. make fish traps by planting nap!laki n. feast held after placing sticks vertically in the water to namele leaves to show that a create a fence. You can use the dispute has been resolved. leaves to cure a headache, by nap!laso n. tree, Puzzle-nut. burning them and then putting Xylocarpus granatum.
South Efate Dictionary 43 nap!laun napum! ni fat
nap!laun Also: nap!lau. n_inposs. naprat n. 1) cob of corn after the inside something, e.g. kernels have been eaten. 2) stick undergound, underwater. of hibscus left over after the nap!lau nkas heartwood of tree. bark has been used to make nap!lel n. tree, Hibiscus. Hibiscus rope. tilaceus. nap!rat n. Hibiscus, tree species, nap!len n_inposs. belly. Nap!len kind of Hibiscus. iptin. His belly is sore. nap!re n. dream. Kuto lek nap!re. naplip n. fig variety. Bud and fruit You are dreaming. is good to eat. Green leaf tips napri n. tree sp. Large tree, good eaten, fruit used to be eaten but timber. not anymore except as pigfood. napsin Also: napis. n_inposs. Wood used for digging sticks. bottom, rear end of person, anus. Ficus granatum. Pata! tkal napsim mau. Don't nap!oi1 n. tree, Blackbean. Note: touch your anus. See: nselpot. Big seed pods. Castanospermum naptam n. breadfruit. Burn the australe. dry leaves to keep mosquitoes nap!oi2 n. yam, a strong yam. away. Atocarpus altilis. napor n. basket, made from napton Also: napot. n_inposs. weaving coconut leaf for navel. carrying crops. See: fuelig; napu n. road. nroog; likat; sp!ol; tip!el; polpol; napu toran n. fork in the road. nlafkir; napor; sarpotpot. napuen Also: napu. n_inposs. tail napos n. pudding made of roast (of an animal). See: nam!el. breadfruit, pounded with napuk n. tree species, Whitewood, coconut milk. See: woi. used for making the hull of nap!rai n. 1) wildcane, two canoes. Gyrocarpus americanus. varieties: freshwater and napukmokul n. tree sp. Pisonia saltwater. See: naus; makol. umbellifera. sticky seeds used as 2) sugarcane, variety called bird traps. The mlau (Incubator kram p!og has stripes of purplish bird) lays its eggs in the rotten colour. See: trares; tukmel; debris under napukmokul. See: makol; nafakton. pul. nap!rairei n. tree sp. Grows in the napukror n. tree sp. sea like a mangrove. Endospermum medullosum. nap!rairei n. cane variety where napum! n. fish sp. Scombridae wild ducks make their nests. spp. See: mar. nap!raksan Also: nap!raksa. napum! m!nam!on n. fish sp. n_inposs. gill of fish. napum! ni fat n. fish sp.
44 South Efate Dictionary napum!alom naserin
Fusiliers. Caesionidae. prospective wife in order to napum!alom n. tree. Fruit not marry her. eaten by people. Bark once used naroi n. plot, allotment of land. to make barkcloth. Mimusops Kutap!op!tai nmakot seserik ko naroi elengi. seserik. You divide the yard to nap!umas n. property, estate left make a small yard. See: nmakot. behind by someone who has narom n. beam holding a cross- died, but not including their member, nsol, that holds the roof house or their land. of a house. See: surnaot; npou; napun Also: nap. n_inposs. cheek. nkas; peltakot; nsol. napupus n. plant sp. round leaf. naromet Also: naromet. n_inposs. nap!ures n. fish sp. Milkfish. tears. Chanos chanos. narun n_inposs. hand, arm. Narum napus n. wart. ikerkrai top. Your arm is very nap!utwen Also: nap!utw. n_inposs. strong. knee. narup! n. chief's wives, a group of nar n. tree, Sheoak. Casuarina women of whom one is the head equisetifolia. (np!au narup!) who will bear the nareo n. tree sp. Homolanthus chief's successor. nutans. naruut n. fern, use the root to narfaat n. 1) rocks heaped up by prepare a cure for dyssentry. people. See: p!arfaat. 2) bridge. narwaro n. tree sp. A big tree used Me ag kukano pak narfat. Itap nen for firewood, and for paddles. p!afa. But you can't go to the nas 1 n. bow. Kalsrap's bow was bridge, it is tapu that you go made of mangrove (natog) with there. a string made of banyan (mpak). nariuriu n. seagrass. The top of the bow is called its nariwak n. tree sp. Has good glue head (np!au) and the bottom is that you find when you break off called nakoinrok. The bow and the fruit. arrow should always be carried narka n. tree sp., strong wood, with the head up, ready to use. firewood, also used to make a See: pu. kal or digging stick from. nas 2 n. day before yesterday. narkamet n. tree sp. Bark used to nasap! n. foreigner, stranger to this be used to make barkcloth. country. narmal n. clearing, a cleared naselslam n. tree, seeds of fruit piece of ground. are roasted and eaten. Sterculia naro n. brideprice, paid by a tannensis. man to the family of his naserin Also: naser. n_inposs.
South Efate Dictionary 45 nasieg natiel
1) root, tap root, sucker. 2) bud. white, pink and red. Syzygium nasieg n. skirt, piece of bark richii. material traditionally used by nasul n. 1) wildcane or women to hang off a belt speargrass used to build things, (nap!lai) as a pubic covering. also used as a torch. When Men traditionally wore a nafon. processed for making arrows it See: nafon; pisp!lolo; nanrepnrep; is called ftok. 2) light, lamp. nap!lai. nasulop n. grass, speargrass. nasiin n. bushfire. nasum! n. house. nasin 1 Also: nas. n_inposs. jaw, nasum! malik n. cell. chin. nasim ni entan. my lower nasum! ni faat n. bank. jaw. nasum! ni pi n. beehive. Nasum! ni nasin 2 n_inposs. 1) shit. 2) smell, pi ikakas wi. A beehive is unpleasant smell. See: ntaen. sweet. nasinren Also: nasinr. n_inposs. esum! namsaki n. hospital. shit, runny shit. See: ntae. nasum!tap n. church. nasir n. descendants, your nasun n_inposs. juice. children and theirs and their nasusu n. froth on the sea that children's children. indicates a turn of the tide. nasitafra n. rock, like pumice (lit: naswaf n. tree sp. Poisonwood. whale shit). See: faatsal; naf. Kids use it to make slingshots nasnaki n. fibre dye, dye for because the branches grow in pandanus leaves. the right shape. Sweet smelling nasokon n_inposs. skin, of animal white flowers. or plant, e.g. nasok nawi, skin of natam!ol n. person. a yam. See: naklun. natam!ol lot n. Christian. nasoknkas n. bark. Kutae preg natam!ol psir n. liar. nkal ki nasoknkas. You can natap n. idol, image, tamtam. make clothes out of tree See: natopu. bark. natatok n. citizen, native. nasoksok n. rubbish, mess. nateen n. flat country. nason 1 n. fish sp. Silver pompano. natfer n. plant sp., small grass like Trachinotus blochii. pampas-grass. nason 2 n. sores around the mouth. natiel n. vine, St.Thomas bean, nasralesokwen n. faith. See: tapu plant with large disk- sralesok. shaped seeds which are made nasu n. roof, and roofbeam of into necklaces. Vine milk causes house. See: npou; surnaot. burning on skin. Entada nasukefik n. tree. The fruit is phaseoloides.
46 South Efate Dictionary natien natumau
natien Also: nati. n_inposs. natot n. tree sp., use the milk 1) saliva. 2) sap of a tree. from the leaves if your skin is natik n. pole used to push a boat. scraped by a stingray or natik elau n. coast. stonefish, for example. natikin Also: natik; natk. n_inposs. natp!aupis n. tree sp. Sweet leaf, edge; side. natik naum!. bank, used for medicine, good for the riverbank. See: etik. blood. natir n. mast of sailing canoe. natp!olnra n. plant sp. shrub with natlag n. tree sp. Good timber. lower leaves that are green, natmat n. corpse. See: teemat. higher leaves are red. The leaf is nato n. invitation to bring food fed to sows to help them get or something else to an event. pregnant. n. . natog n. mangrove (generic). natran twin natog pram grows tall; natog m!it natrauswen n. story, has shorter leaves; natog ni euut conversation. natrauswen ni grows on the shore away from teetwei. story from long ago, the water. legend. natok n. yam sp. White, bottle- natret n. tree sp, grows on the shaped yam. One of the naflak. shoreline, good firewood and used for making hitting clubs natokon Also: natkon. n. village. and handles of tools. Bark once naton n. 1) ashes. San kupreg nkap used to make barkcloth. wes sernaliati naton ilap wes. The n. tree sp., small, wood for place where you make fire natu 1 everyday is full of ashes. handles of axes, small leaves,. 2) cement. natu 2 n. poisonous vine for poisoning fish. Crush the stem naton n. sap. and throw it in a pool to stun natoop! n. yam species (also the (pun) the fish. The vine can also name of a clan or naflak). be used for tying things. natopu n. spirit, a permanent natuen n_inposs. foot. Malen ikam animist presence at a place. This leg ki nfal ni makou go makou spirit may be an ancestor or a ipuetsok natuen, ikatsok natuen. creature from 'before'. Usually Me malfane ikano puetlu natuen. called by the respectful terms When it walked right on the maarik (for a male natopu) or shrimp's hole, the shrimp mtulep (for a female natopu). grabbed its legs, it held them. Some names of such spirits But now it couldn't pull its leg include Pumakot,! Apu ni ntaf, out. Liportani, Katapeel. natumau n. 1) yam, strong yam. nator n. heartwood.
South Efate Dictionary 47 natunrun nawen
2) constellation of stars. with big leaves (lit: 'turtle's natunrun Also: natunr. n_inposs. pillow'). nape of neck (his). naum n. fish sp. Humpnose naturiai n. lad, unmarried man. unicornfish. Naso tuberosus. See: nmatuerik. See: us; raeru. naturmos n. raindrop, e.g. leak in naum! n. river. See: naiser. the roof. naun n. husk of a coconut when natus n. book, text, paper. (na)tus it is preapred to be used as a ni telumlum, nalumlumwen. strainer for coconut milk. See: album. See: natus. kak naniu. tustap n. bible. Kufe tustap ni naup!en n_inposs. feeling of atua. You read God's bible. missing someone, feel weak due natut n. appointment (literally a to the absence of a friend. time to tut 'tie' together). Nametrau runrog naup! Endis. The Kunpaki natut / kupreg natut. family misses Endis. You make an appointment. naup!o n. pus. natutu n. choppy sea that is still naur n. island. able to be navigated by a canoe nauren Also: naur. n_inposs. top and so is not too rough. of tree or plant. nau 1 n. inside of the mouth. naures n. grater made by cleaning nau 2 n. 1) pan flute. 2) mouth some coconut shell and organ. wrapping it with wild cane. naul 1 n. credit, account, money naus n. wild cane. See: ftok. borrowed to pay for goods. naustap n. spear tip that has naul 2 n. leaf. naul nanr. banana magic properties. Made from leaf. wildcane that has been sung naul nmariu n. crescent moon. over to make it work. Also made Literally 'leaf of nmariu', a from the bones of special people crescent shaped leaf. (chiefs or those of naflak nmal). naulalas n. small bush. Used to eat Even the slightest scratch from mixed with animal blood, pig's these bones will kill. guts. Polipcias spp. Syn: nautin Also: naut. n_inposs. penis. naultap!erkot. naut puluk n. bullock's penis naultap!erkot n. plant with used as a cudgel. yellow leaves that people use to nawel n. creeper with large make fences and boundaries in leaves, used to feed pigs. The yards. Syn: naulalas. vine is strong and can be used to naulum n. pillow. tie wood for housing. naulum ni afsak n. seaweed nawen n. sand.
48 South Efate Dictionary nawes nepsok
nawes n. paddle. benefit (2nd person singular nawesien n. work. See: wes. benefactive). Syn: gaag. naweskin kaaru west. negakit pron. 1) ours, belonging naweskin kafat south. to you and us (1st person plural naweskin katol north. inclusive possessive). 2) for us, naweskin pei east. for our benefit (1st person plural nawi n. yam sp., also general inclusive benefactive). term for all yams. Nawi kosu is a negamus Also: gamus. pron. strong kind of yam. A bundle of 1) yours (2nd person plural yams is called a tafra (whale), possessive). 2) for you (2nd and when whales swim around person plural benefactive). close to shore you know yams negar pron. 1) them (3rd person are ready. You make a bundle of plural). 2) their (3rd person yams (tafra nawi) to take to a plural possesive). 3) for them feast. See: ntaul. (3rd person plural benefactive). nawip!o n. yam sp. nel n. tree sp. nawol n. bed, also grave, 'place to nem!ap!m!ap! n. Looking-glass lie in'. See: wenr. tree, has fruit with a ridge along naworan n. generation, ancestry. the top, commonly found nawos n. coconut, green, young washed up on beaches. Heritiera (soft inside). Fourth stage at littoralis. which you can eat a coconut. nen dem. that. See: ne. See: p!agrap. nenpa prep. past, as in ntau nenpa, nayam n. yam, spiky wild yam sp. last year; wik nentu, last week. ne dem. this (close). See: nen. nentu prep. next, as in ntau nentu, neet vintr. come and meet. Kineu next year; wik nentu, next week. aneet lekag. I came to see you. nep vambi. throw to, to stone. Kineu kafo neet. I will come and Kunep ki naat. You throw to the meet you. See: seltra; saisei; man. Anpa ki faat. I throw a patlas. stone at it. Malnen kunep man neetnpasil v. join, as in, to join a kunpalua go rusosoki arleg. When group of people. See: npasil. you throw a stone at a bird and nega pron. 1) he, she, it (3rd you hit it, they say you are person singular). 2) his, her, its, skilful. See: npakinatut; sif. (3rd person singular possessive). nepsok vambi. weigh down, place 3) his, her, its, (3rd person a weight on something to stop singular benefactive. the wind blowing it away. negaag pron. 1) yours (2nd person Selwan nlag inag kesilua kunepsoki singular possessive). 2) for your ki fat. When the wind wants to
South Efate Dictionary 49 neslu niif
blow everything, you put a rock n_inposs. eyebrow. on things to hold them down. nfaswen Also: nafasw. n_inposs. neslu n. shellfish sp. Moon shells parts, e.g. all parts of the body, (general term). Naticidae. parts of a car. neu pron. 1) I, me. 2) my (1st nfat n. ridge-cap, of roof, last person singular possessive). thatch placed on roof. 3) for my benefit. nferen Also: nfer. n_inposs. handle nfa 1 n. plant, leaf used for (e.g. of spear, paddle), its. Nfer wrapping laplap (kapu). Types ola nen itrau kerkrai wi. This include nfamiel, nfapram, nfaliu, spear handle is very strong. See: nfamil. See: nrau 'leaf laplap'. nkar. nfa 2 n. tree with wood that ngas interrog. when. See: sefmal. burns very well, used to carve ni Also: nig. prep. of. idols (natap). nier n. broom. For example, nfaato n. tree with fruit. Two made from the tap!ir, or nikniser types, one round, one long. The trees. Patau! nier kaser nasok. Give wood is used to make canoe me the broom, I'll sweep the paddles (nawes). The bark can rubbish. be used for diabetes. nies n. bailer, canoe bailer. Neisosperma oppositifolia. nigmam pron. 1) ours (1st person nfag n. sore, like a boil or plural possessive) (inclusive and similar sore on the skin. See: exclusive). Go komam unrogo kin fag1. apu me ati nigmam rutonigmam nfak n. pandanus, tall one with trausi na ipi natam!ol nen i pram, i long leaves and big fruit. The pramkotkot. And we heard our fruit can be eaten without grandfathers and grandmothers preparation. Pandanus dubius ? tell us that he was a person who See: naki; nparom. was really tall. 2) for us (1st nfaketanwen n. respect. person plural benefactive) nfal n. hole. (inclusive and exclusive). See: nfamwen n. taste. See: pam. mam. nfan n. tree, fragrant flowers. nigneu pron. 1) my, mine (1st Guettarda speciosa. person singular possessive). nfanu n. country. 2) for me (1st person singular nfar n. navara, coconut, nutty benefactive). See: neu. inside of sprouted coconut. niif n. fan usually made of Eighth stage at which you can coconut leaf. Patao! niif kafo niif eat a coconut. See: nm!arteu. nkap. Give me the fan, I'll fan nfas namet Also: nfas namet. the fire.
50 South Efate Dictionary nikniser nkem
niif vambi. fan, to fan. nkas slasol n. posts holding up a nikniser n. coconut spathe, spine house. of a coconut leaf, commonly nkasakien n. seat; chair. used to make brooms (nier). nkasap!on n_inposs. throat. nimar n. tree sp. Layard (1915) nkasgot n. tree, Blackbean. Note: says the leaves were eaten ebony heartwood. Diospyros sp. before drinking salt water to nkasm!ulm!ul n. tree sp. Grows in make the salt water taste sweet. the sea like a mangrove, used as nipu n. palmtree, heart of palm firewood. is eaten. Veitchia spp. nkasnial n. tree sp. Wood used nkafik n. tree. The fruit is white, for paddles, and the sap is used pink and red. Nkafik mil is wild as glue. nakavika, smaller than nkafik. nkaso n. necklace, made of beads, Also known as nasukefik. seeds or stones. Syzygium malaccense. nkaspau n. stake used for plants to nkafikmil n. tree sp. Smaller than grow up on. nkafik. Also known as nasukefik. nkaspaulep n. tree sp. Used for Syzygium clusiaefolium. firewood. nkal n. cloth, clothes. nkal ni nkaspeltakot n. beam, namlanri. cardigan, jumper (lit: crossbeam on the short end of a clothes for the cold). nkal ni house. See: surnaot; npou; raus. nmatu. dress, (lit: woman's nkasp!o n. tree sp. Big fruit, wood clothes). See: kal. used as firewood. Dysoxylum nkalwel vintr. change clothes, to gaudichaudianum. dress as someone else ({nkalwel nkasp!on Also: nkasap!o. n_inposs. nanwei}. throat. nkanr Also: nakanr; nkanron; nkau n. croton. Red low bush, gkanr; kanr. n_inposs. mouth, lips. cough medicine. Kat p!elp!elki nakanron. Close one's nkaukofua n. tree sp. Sterculia lips (as when holding something banksiana. in them). nkem n. 1) plant, like cane, used nkap n. fire, firewood. for making baskets, trays. nkaren Also: nkar. n_inposs. 2) tongs, made by bending a handle of basket. See: nfer. piece of wood, used for picking nkari n. bush, red top leaves, up cooking stones. Made from Cordylene. Cordylene sp. the cane of the same name. nkas n. tree (generic), wood. 3) constellation shaped like nkas mel n. tree sp. 'shade tree'. tongs, with Orion's belt the nkas ni nap!e n. drum beater. lower right side of the tongs.
South Efate Dictionary 51 nkis nmaeto
nkis excl. man! Term used to around but you can't find its call out to someone. trunk. If you do find it it is bad nkok n. tree sp. Java Cedar. luck. Has green fruit. Head Bischofia javanica. bands were made from it. nkraful n. vine, nettle, which you nlaknait n. ankle. brush and only notice has nlakotao n. vine which grows by pricked you when you rub your the sea. skin or wash it. Dendrocnide nlakwen n. wedding. See: lak. spp. See: nkar. nlap!en Also: nlap!. n_inposs. nkur n. 1) rake, small tree pulled tentacle, octopus arm. up with roots which are used as nlas n. tree sp. Largely avoided a rake to level an oven before as a timber source due to its laplap is put in. 2) constellation poisonous sap. It has spines that of stars in the shape of the rake fly in the wind and cause itching of the same name. if you pass near it. Semecarpus nlae n. shellfish sp. Bicolor Pen vitiensis. Shell. Pinna bicolor. nlason Also: nlas. n_inposs. nlaen n_inposs. 1) fin of a fish. genitals. 2) sail, sail-like objects, fin on nlas ni nmatu n. vagina. an Angelfish, type of seashell. nlasopuk natuen Also: nlasopuk nlafkir n. basket, made from natu. n_inposs. calf of leg. coconut leaf, a big version of nlatlat n. foam. See: latlat. likat. See: likat; napor; fuelig; nlaun n. country. nroog; likat; sp!ol; tip!el; polpol; nlauwen n. dance. tasal; napor; sarpotpot. nlel n. mud. nlag n. wind, air. nlik n. snare; cord tied to a pig's nlag kerkrai n. gale. foot. nlagwat n. cyclone, storm. nma n. black palm, used to tip Nlagwat ip!urp!ur nasum! neu. arrows and make them The cyclone wrecked my poisonous. house. nmaat n. low tide. nlaken 1 n_inposs. trunk, stem, its. nmaat ni p!ulp!og n. low tide in the nlaken 2 conj. because, the reason. morning. Ipreg namrun isa nlaken itap tae nmaat ni kotfan n. low tide in the mau. He did something bad afternoon. See: maat mu. because he didn't know. Apan nmae n. string, twine. nlaken kin ana kalek Silas. I go nmaeto n. anger. Selwan nmaito because I want to see Silas. imai kumur na p!awat naat. When nlaketik n. vine which grows you get angry you want to hit
52 South Efate Dictionary nmaf nmar
someone. darkness. 3) time before nmaf n. fog. Christianity. nmak 1 n. Tahitian chestnut, can be nmalm!il n. tree sp. Namalaus cooked on the fire, or boiled in wood used for houses, small water. Note: nut tree. fruit eaten by birds (wild naos). Indocarpus fagiferus; Garuga floribunda. Indocarpus edulis. nm!alm!ol n. vine sp. A thick vine nmak 2 n. boil, a hot boil that has that has water that can be drunk. no head unless you put a special nmalnarun Also: nmalnar. leaf on it to draw the head. See: n_inposs. forearm. nmanuk; fati; p!onfer. nmalnatuen Also: nmalnatu. nmak 3 n. hammock, enclosed n_inposs. calf of leg. swing used to rock babies. nmalnawen n. beach. Selwan nmakoren red dirt, of the ground kumur p!anrog nlag natik ntas as in ntan nmakoren. kupan marmar nmalawen. When nmakot n. border, boundary. See: you want to feel the wind you nakoi. can go and rest on the beach. nmakou n. shrimps, clawed small nmalok n. kava. Piper crustaceans, , perhaps smaller methysticum. than naur. nmalon Also: nmal. n_inposs. nmal n. tree, Hog plum, fruit is 1) middle. 2) waist, middle of eaten, leaf can be used against the body. ciguetera poisoning (mam). nmanuk n. boil. See: nmak; fati; place the leaf in the fish before nmak; fati; p!onfer. cooking it. Spondias dulcis; S. nmaon Also: nmao. n_inposs. crotch, cythera; S. edulis. thigh. nm!al n. 1) yam which grows nmaono n. sweat. See: maon. with one leaf and has strong nmaota prep v. 1) between. thorny roots. Sweet yam like a Kapu ito nmaota akit. The laplap potato. 2) one of the naflak, is between us (you and me). Pafo! members of which are tabu and nmaota kir. You get between the must be buried in a hidden place two of them (fighters). 2) n. gap so that their bones cannot be in teeth. found by accident. These bones nmap! n. tree sp. the fruit is a nut are used as weapons as they used in making laplap, and have special powers for injuring roasted and eaten, for example, the victim. See: naustap. when drinking kava. nmalfa n. space, sky. nmar 1 n. tree, red bean tree. nmalko n. 1) cloud. 2) dark, Adenanthera pavonina.
South Efate Dictionary 53 nmar npanep
nmar 2 v. lucky. Inmar kin ipitlak coconut. See: numamkop. bus foum iskei. He is lucky that nmaslen Also: nmasil. n_inposs. he got a new bus. piece of something, piece of nmarit n. rope, vine. See: nmarten. wood (nmasil nkap). nmaritmat n. vine sp. Not useful, nmaslesil n. tree sp. wood used the sap can burn your eyes. for spears. nmariu n. tree, Wattle tree. The nmaten n. funeral. See: mat. smell of the leaves keeps flies nmatu Also: namatu. n. woman, away. Bark once used to make female, wife. You can also refer barkcloth. Acacia spirorbis. to a spouse as nanre nafenrin Layard (1915) says it is used for (e.g., fv|{Nanre nafenrin go diarrhoea. "The bark is skinned ipa}, Your wife or husband is and an infusion made and drunk. there). Coconut root prepared in a nmatu lak n. bride. similar way is more frequent nmatu ni napu n. loose woman, remedy for this sickness." prostitute. Kalsarap says it is still used nmatuerik n. young woman, today. virgin. See: naturiai. nmariwenr n. tree sp. Acacia nm!aun Also: nm!au. n_inposs. simplex. feather. nmaron n_inposs. breath. Me nmer n. shellfish sp. Strawberry teetwei ga Erontp!au naat ikano Conch. Strombus luhuanus. mes ki. Malen kin ag kulek kori nmot n. bundle of things. miel imai pa, al ita ta mtar mau me nmraksul n. centipede. nmarom kipe nom. And long ago, nognog n. dumb. Rentapau, no-one could play nom vintr. finish. Kuipe nom ko? around with Rentapau. When Have you finished? you see the red dog coming by, nomser adj quantifier. every; all. the sun wouldn't have set but your breath would be your last nop n. puddle of water. (because of the tabu nature of npakinatut v. make an Rentapau you would be dead). appointment. See: nep. Nmar menal kipe to mit. The np!alo n. cliff. barracuda's breath was getting npanep n. group of fallen objects short. See: mar. lying down everywhere. Apak nmarten n_inposs. guts, intestines. talm!at nanom me alek nm!arteu See: nmarit. rutrau npanep ur ntan pa. I went nm!arteu n. dry coconut. Seventh to the garden yesterday and saw stage at which you can eat a dry coconuts fallen on the ground.
54 South Efate Dictionary np!arfaat nrak
np!arfaat n. rock, boulder, in the that rest on the npou hold the sea. See: faat. crossmembers (nsol) to which nparom n. pandanus, sp. that lives the roof is attached. See: near the sea. Used as thatch and surnaot; npou; nkas; peltakot. to make grass skirts. Varieties: nra 1 n. tree, False Nutmeg. nparom wal, mil, ksakes, taar. Myristica fatua. The fruit is eaten by flying- nra 2 quantifier. two. See main foxes but not by people. See: entry: nru. naki; nfak. nra nkas n. 1) branch. 2) stick. npasil vintr. knock away, as in a nraen Also: nrae. n_inposs. 1) face. ball knocking another away in 2) forehead. petanque. nraenatuen Also: nraenatu. np!at n. stick, hitting stick, club. n_inposs. shin, front of lower leg, Tiawi nig teetwei ruto preg nafkal tibia.
go ruto fisfis ki np!at. The old nraf 1 vambi. weave, of weaving a people used to have battles fence, using e.g. wild cane (ftok, using hitting sticks. or naus). See: pau. npatin Also: npat; mpat. n_inposs. nraf 2 vintr. bush bash, go through 1) tooth. Npatik iptin. My tooth the bush where there is no track. is sore. See: wos 'back tooth'. nrafkor break through the bush 2) horn (of cow). 3) heart of holding your hands out to pimple or boil. 4) seed. 5) claw. protect yourself npatwak n. tusk (pig's tooth). nrafi vintr. blow one's nose. npatnkafik n. adam's apple. nrafien n_inposs. phlegm, snot. npatsfir n. clitoris. nrafkor vintr. ring, like a halo. npatsoru adj. bad teeth. Atlag inrafkor. Moon is ringed np!au n_inposs. head. (by a halo). np!eten Also: np!et. n_inposs. nrag vambi. heat up. meaning. nraglaion n. shellfish sp. Cock's- np!ip! n. throwing wood, any comb Oyster. Lopha cristagalli. small useful piece of wood, for nragnrag n. twigs. example for throwing at fruit or nragon n_inposs. claw. flyingfoxes or other such uses. nraguti n. plant, like a small See: p!i. treefern, not eaten by Erakor npou n. pole, main pole of a people. house. Vertical pole that holds nrak 1 vambi. take hot rocks out of up the crossbeam (surnaot) at the fire using tongs (gkem). ceiling level, and the top roof nrak 2 n. time, occasion, as in 'that beam (nasu). The beams (narom)
South Efate Dictionary 55 nrakat nrir
time'. Nrak iskei ipiatlak apu go ati nrau 1 n. leaf, used to wrap laplap iskei ratok. Once there was a for cooking underground in a grandfather and grandmother stone oven. Old name was nfa, Imermai lek wou nrak kaaru, imer varieties include nfa miel; nfa mai nrak katol, go atrok. She came pram, nfa ni Epi, nfa liu, nfa mil, and saw me a second time, and nrauspun, nrauksakes. Heliconia again a third time, and I agreed. indica. p!rai nrau, 'break the nrau nrakat vambi. lift up something leaf' |{suer nrau} 'shit on the heavy from underneath. nrau leaf', both mean 'to marry nrakut vambi. grab, for example an too close within the family'. eagle grabbing its prey. nraun Also: nrau. n_inposs. pubic nrali n. plate. hair. nran n_inposs. blood. Nra ki ser. nre vambi. turn. See: tare. Blood goes around (the body). nreapis vintr. somersault. Selwan kutai natuom, nra itro. nremet vintr. look from the side. When you cut your leg, it nrep Also: nrepagi. v. slap. bleeds. Kunrepnrep nanrum!om. You beat nraopet n. tree sp. Big shady your chest. Anrepagik. I slap you. tree,with red fruit which is nrepnrpag vambi. pat, console, as round and bigger than a when you put a child to sleep nakatambol (nrau). Good and pat them. See: nrpag. timber. nrernrer vintr. shine, like the sun nrap n. oily liquid in a or an angel. . germinated coconut nres vintr. sound; noise. See: tik. nrar n. tree sp. African tulip, nrfaal adj quantifier. few. See: tree used to build the outrigger warik. (nsem) of a canoe. Erythrina nri vambi. dig out the roots of a variegata. tree. nras vambi. select, as in choosing nrig vintr. groan; growl. the best among a group of nrik vditr. tell. things. nriksoksok vintr. command. nrat 1 vambi. forgive (also nrat nrilkau vambi. jump over. tap!ar). Inegaag nrat. He forgives nrimen n. Anemone that lives on you. rock. See: mpaklep. nrat 2 vambi. untie. nripug v. dig the holes for nrau n. tree, Dragon plum. 1 planting, after having cleared Yellow fruit, but the nraupet has the garden. red fruit. Dracontomelon nrir vintr. fly. vitiense.
56 South Efate Dictionary nrog nrus
nrog vambi. feel; hear, also used happened. in compound foms like pamnrog nroog n. basket for food, made of 'taste', minrog 'taste by drinking'. pandanus leaf with hibiscus Ata nrog wi kin mau. Pape! mer ler handles. See: fuelig; likat; tip!el; tli? I didn't hear well. Could you sp!ol; tasal; polpol; nlafkir; napor; say it again? sarpotpot. nrog nap!o nrook vintr. bend (of a person nrogpir vambi. disobey. bending); bow. Kunrook na p!aslat nrogtae v. recognise by hearing namrun. You bend in order to something. get something. Apreg kunrook. I nrogteesa vintr. sad, be sad, feel make you bend over. bad, be disappointed, be sorry. nrookot vintr. cross. Raru itap!o ki tete naat go nrop vintr. drunk. runrogteesa. The canoe tipped nros vambi. drag. some men out and they feel sad. nrotik adj. silly, stupid. See: Selwan teesa imat tmen go raiten p!autik. ranrogteesawes. When a child nrpag vambi. slap. See: nrepnrpag. dies its father and mother are nrpasok vambi. nail. Kunrpasok sorry . rowat elag nasum!. You nail the nrogtiawi vintr. well, healthy, feel thatch on top of the house. good. nrp!ei vambi. bark; scold. Selwan nrogtor vambi. speed, be quick. kuur esum! ni naat kori ga runrp!ei nroi vambi. strain, as in coconut ag. When you go past that man's milk strained through coconut house then dogs bark at you. mesh (kak), or material. nru 1 num. two. nrokof v. care for, look after nru 2 vintr. tree losing its leaves someone by staying with them. when the flower is about to set. Kineu kafo pak talm!at me ag Nmal inru su to ki. The naos (hog p!anrokof teesa to. I will go to the plum) has lost all its leaves. garden, but you look after the nrup! vambi. dive; dive for sthg. child. Aponrup! masmes. I will dive for nrokos vambi. follow. Ag p!afei me the knife. Kunrup! pak etan. You kafo nrokosik. You lead and I will dive down. follow you. See: taos. nrur vintr. shake. See: nanrur. nrom vambi. love. See: nanromien. nrus vintr aux. 1) move a little. nron n. 1) sense, thinking. Nron Ale umer nrus pak esum! ni imat To not be thinking natam!ol kaaru. Then we went to 2) vision, a premonition, seeing the other man's house. something that hasn't yet 2) become, change into. Ipi
South Efate Dictionary 57 nsaan ntaknanuen
natkon nen inrus laap. It was a nskau n. reef. village that became many nslawos n. channel in the reef, villages. 3) be a little bit like small enough to step over. something, to have some of the nsol n. cross-member, beam to characteristics of something. which the roof of a house is Inrus miel. It is reddish. attached. It is attached on top of nsaan n. curse. narom. See: surnaot; npou; nkas; nsag n. forked piece of wood, peltakot; narom. used in building. nsul n. fish sp. Emperors. nsan n. valley, gorge, cliff. Syn: Lethrinidae. See: nametfaai. p!alo. nsulnkanrpram n. fish sp. Long- nsankas n. splinter, small piece of nosed emperor, Longface wood. Emperor. Lethrinus olivaceus. nsat n. rotten, of a yam only. nta 1 interject. expression of nsau n. sky. agreement, also used to nsel n. spring, source of water. conclude a conversation. nsel nai n. surface of a river. nta 2 n. tree, Taun tree. Note: nselpot n. anus. small fruit (yellowish/ reddish nsem n. outrigger of canoe. green). Two kinds, a red one nsem! n. chip of wood, as from (nta miel) and a green one. cutting a canoe, also used of Pometia pinnata. waste from another product, like ntae n. 1) paint. 2) plant sp., the the sugarcane spat out after it name of a plant the flower of has been chewed. See: esem!. which is used to make face paint nsem!mantu n. roll of e.g. banana or mat dye. or manioc in island cabbage ntaen n_inposs. excrement, shit. (called simboro in Bislama) See: nasin. cooked in the oven. See: ntaenlag n. cloud. manmon. ntaewen n. knowledge. See: tae. nser 1 n. comb. ntaf n. mountain, hill. nser 2 n. tree sp. Used to maked ntafatun See: ntap!rain. Also: the cross-members of a canoe ntafat. n_inposs. midrif, hip, (nakiat) and for firewood. above the waist, and around to nsfen n. 'something like that'. the small of the back. Rupreg kram ko nsfen kia. They ntafwen n. diarrhoea. made axes and things like that. ntag n. generation. nsik n. pole for knocking a ntai n. fish sp. Soldierfish. coconut off a tree. Holocentridae. nsilfer Also: nsilfer. n_inposs. blade. ntaknanuen n_inposs. back of the
58 South Efate Dictionary ntaknatuen ntaul
neck. ntalitas n. tree, sweet fruit. ntaknatuen n_inposs. heel. Terminalia samoensis. ntakun Also: ntak. n_inposs. back; ntame n. Reef crab, Red-eyed also used to describe the back of crab, 8 cm. Crabs which keep something, e.g. ntak nanuen their claws close to their shells. 'back of his neck'. Selwan ntakum Xanthidae. iptin, rum!osik go p!afo nrog tiawi. ntan n. ground. See: nmakoren; When your back is sore they nakof. massage it and then you feel ntankep 1 n. liver. better. ntankep 2 n. firestick. ntakun n. behind, after, later. (lit: ntap!aun n. tree sp. Wood used its back). for canoes. ntal n. taro. Kinds of taro are : ntap!rain Also: ntap!rai. n_inposs. ntal m!ol, a small plant with a red hip, also used for one's bottom stalk; ntalifiti, large leaf fiji taro; (more polite than napis). See: nafia; nafimas, has marks on the ntafatun. stem and leaf; napliit, a blue ntapukron Also: ntapukor. nafi; ntal nafum!kas, multi n_inposs. shell cover, operculum. coloured leaf. Closes the opening of the ntalfen n. 1) deep ocean. shellfish when the animal is 2) horizon. retracted inside the shell. ntalgen n_inposs. ear. ntalig nrir. ntas n. saltwater; salt. See: elau ears sticking out. Ntaligek ip!ar. namos. Ears are blocked (he is deaf). ntasur n. rough sea. See: ntaligp!ar. ntau 1 n. year, ntau faum, or ntau ntali n. tree, Tropical almond. nen tu, next year, ntau nen pa, Good wood for canoes. last year. Selwan tupakor Terminalia catappa. nametp!ag ntau, rato tu teesa tete ntalifam n. plant sp. nanromien. When we come to ntalig n. fungus, mushroom (lit: the end of the year they give 'ear') any kind. presents to the children. ntaligkusu n. plant sp. leaf is ntau 2 n. fish sp. Insular halfbeak serrated, stamen is long with (top of its mouth is short, violet flowers. bottom is long). Hyporhamphus ntaligp!ar n. deaf. affinis. ntaligpram n. devil, type of devil ntaul n. yam sp. (strong yam). with long ears. Can stay in the ground a long ntalimil n. tree sp. Terminalia time before being harvested. sepicana. See: nawi.
South Efate Dictionary 59 ntaul pram nutag
ntaul pram n. yam sp. nuen n_inposs. vein. ntawotin Also: ntawot. n_inposs. nugolmam n. coconut. The skin bone; skeleton. of the top of a young one can be ntawotmal adj. lazy. eaten. nteu n. green leaves for covering nugot n. coconut, black leaf and laplap. See: naflel. black coconuts. ntm!at Also: ntam!at. n. peace (no nuk v. have sex. Rato preg nuk. war), calm. They are having sex. ntuk n. rope made of hibiscus; nukun Also: nuk. n_inposs. nest, its. the inner bark of a green branch nukniman n. bird's nest. of hibiscus (Hibiscus tilaceus) numam n. type of coconut, eat all that is stripped, soaked in salt of it, chew the outside husk, water for over a week, then sweet all through. Your mouth carded and made into string or goes brown. rope. numamkop n. coconut, flesh ntur n. fish bound together (ntur starting to get dry. Sixth stage at naik). Kupan kraksok nafet naik which you can eat a coconut. kusati mai kulaglaga inom, kutrus See: numotu. ipi ntur. You catch fish, you numlakes n. coconut, blue. The bring them back and clean them, coconut liquid can make you you tie them together. See: tur. sick. ntwam Also: mutwam. n. devil. numotu n. coconut with strong nua Also: nuankas. n. 1) fruit. flesh, water is starting to get 2) balls, testicles (slang). fizzy. Fifth stage at which you nua p!ontau n. banana sp. white can eat a coconut. See: nawos. when ripe. numtapilkap n. coconut, eye is nual n. coconut, white coconut red when you cut it. flesh, good for old people to eat. nuo n. fish sp. Parrotfishes. Nuo nuampakur n. coconut, smallest mlakes, Redlip parrotfish: Nuo coconut like fruit of Napankura tao, Bluebarred parrotfish: Nuo or Tamanu in Bislama (hence marteu, Bridled or Ember the name, fruit of npakur). parrotfish. Scaridae. nuanagmos n. shellfish sp. Venus nuof n. harbour, wharf. Comb Murex. Murex pecten. nuslan n. banana sp. nuantas n. type of seaweed. nusoksok n. coconut, small fruit nuasa n. fish sp. Short dragonfish, and lots in one bunch. flatheads. Eurypegasus nutag n. coconut, coconut tree draconis; Platycepalidae. with no flower, but no napirkitin, nuasog n. 1) smoke. 2) cigarette. easy to get down by stoning
60 South Efate Dictionary of pa
since the nuts are not held strongly. O - o of1 n. heron (type of bird), oof ola fatkau n. spear, hooked taar or oof tau is the white one, spear. and oof gotis the black one. ola ntu n. spear with three tips. of2 n. coconut shell, dry and ola nuwol n. spear with one tip. used. olap v. to be ready to fight. of3 vambi. 1) bear burden, as in Ruolap reki rutp!a. They got ready a chief bearing his people. Iof so that they could fight. namlanri ni ntas ko namlas mai sok olif n. shellfish sp. Olives esum! He bears the cold from the (general term). Olividae. sea and the bush and goes home oraik vintr. fish using a spear or (for example after fishing and bow and arrow. See: tir. hunting last night). 2) wear ore Also: or. interject. yes. clothes, but do not use this with oror vintr. grunt, noise made by head clothes (like a hat) for a pig. which you use su. See: su. orpak n. fish sp. Gobies. 3) carry on your back (e.g. a Gobiidae. child). os nintas n. sea horse (literally ofa vintr. bury. 'horse of the sea'). ofag n. gecko. Gekkonidae spp. Hippocampus. ofet n. termite-like grub. See: funrei. ola n. 1) spear. 2) penis (slang). P - p p!a= Also: p!a. pron. you (2nd pa2 vambi. drive, also ride e.g. person singular irrealis Subject). in a canoe or truck. Utap pa loto pa1 vintr. go. mana mau, usiwer. We don't — dirpart. thither, used after a drive a car or anything, we walk. location to indicate direction of Linsi Makmilen ipa lons nega mai movement to that location. Go po mos mam pak Kanal. Lindsay namrun nen rusef ler pan pak McMillan drove his launch and Ermag pa. And these things ran came and took us to Kanal away to Erromango. See: mai. (Lougainville). Pafa! raru me
South Efate Dictionary 61 pa pagotut
p!afalus pak elau namos. Take the paan vambi. 1) roast. 2) burn, as canoe and paddle out to the sea. in burning a garden. pa3 v. shine brightly, as of the paapnun v. end, close, as in a sun. See: nrernrer. meeting. paai vambi. fill up, pack up (as in paap!olplo vintr. walk with legs suitcases). Me ikano pan pai apart. See: pakankan. nasok, ikano pan kuk, pan kefei paapuen vintr. walk slowly piatlak wik inru itol. But she can't looking for things on the reef. pack up rubbish, she can't cook, p!aar adj. stuck, closed. until two or more weeks. ntaligp!aar 'ear-closed'- deaf. See: paak vintr. delouse. ntaligp!ar. paakor vintr. 1) appear. Al ipaakor. paareki vambi. because of, to go Sunrise. 2) arrive. 3) born, to be because of. born. 4) happen. p!aas n. rhinocerus beetle, large paakot1 v. trap fish by encircling black one that hurts if it bites them. you. paakot 2 vambi. pay, buy. Apato paat num. four. efilmai na kafaakot wak. I came kaafat adj. fourth. from Vila to buy the pig. paatan vintr. get out of a boat or nfaakoton n. payment, bribe, plane; disembark. brideprice. See: naro. paatlakor vambi. be astride, stand paakruk vintr. assemble, combine. over something. Tuk mai paakruk naur iskei raki p!afp!of adj. adult; big. Ipiatlak raru nsaseiwen ko nmaten. We come seserik go raru p!afp!of ruto ser ur to one place for a meeting or for namos ko ntas. There are small a death. boats and big boats that go in paalag v. stand on something, the ocean and the sea. stand up on. p!afu v. break open. Kutae neu paalak vintr. tiptoe. p!afu nua naniu ne? Can you paalkau vambi. step, to step over. crack open this coconut for me? paamaot vintr. separate. pag vintr. 1) climb. 2) copulate paamau v. 1) fail to do something, (of animals). Wak ito pag ki wak for example fail get to nmatu. The pig is mating the somewhere you are trying to get sow. to, or fail to hit something with a pagos n. beetle. Pagos ito(k) tur stone. 2) end of a story. Go ipi p!rai nkas. The beetle drills and esuan natrauswen sees nen breaks the wood. ipaamau wes. And that is where pagotut n. plate for liquids, like this small story ends. soup. See: rakek; slo.
62 South Efate Dictionary p!agp!ag palkias
p!agp!ag n. fish sp. Cornetfish. ur em!ae, nlaken ipak etan ki Fistularia commersonii. See: nanwei. She will go around them nanr. a long way because she respects p!agrap n. coconut with flower, men. 5) cheap. Nanom sernale no meat inside it. Third stage of rupaketan ruto esan sorsorwes. a coconut. See: p!orlaf. Yesterday the food was cheap at pagtketig vintr. climb with feet the market place. 6) obey, and hands. honour, be humble. See: etan. pai n. bird sp. Swallow. pakmaalep vintr. mourning. paikor vambi. hide to catch prey; Komam uto pakmaalep. We are stalk. mourning. See: maalep. pak vintr. go to, towards (realis). pako n. shark. See: fak 'go to.IR'. pakofai n. hammerhead shark. — prep. to. pakofam n. tiger shark. paka interject. exclamation, like pakokap!o n. ray sp. Giant reef 'kala', or 'kas' in Bislama (from ray. Taeniura melanospilos. English). p!akor n. cover (of pot). See: pakankan v. walk with legs spread plaakor. apart, to be bowlegged. See: — v. cover. paap!olplo. pakosgal n. fish sp. Puffers, e.g. pakelag v. ascend, increase; up. Guineafowl puffer, Star puffer Komam upakelag ntaf, aplak teesa (but see also p!nopun). nen upa. We went up a hill, me Tetaodontidae. with this child, we went. pakot v. cross quickly in front of pakem!ae vintr. 1) be distant, long something, as a bird flying way from. 2) take the wrong across one's path or a dog path. Natkon ito preg nawesien wi running across quickly. me kumai plak susrir nrus pakruk v. come to one place, pakem!ae ki natkon ko nawesien wi. assemble. The village is doing good things p!al adj. blank, empty. Itik ki and you come and lie to them namrun esum!, esum! ip!al. There's and they go astray from the nothing in the house, it is empty. good work. Kutok p!alto. You do nothing. paketan prep. 1) low, below. Tep!al m!as. It is easy. (It's — vintr. 2) descend. 3) nothing.). — adj. deep. See: nam!oru. tep!alp!al adj. for no reason. Kori 4) respect. Nfaketanwen ki tiawi runrpei tep!alp!al m!as. The ko te pak elag. Respect all old dogs are barking for nothing. people and big men. Kefo pan lfek palkias vintr. mourning; ipalkias;
South Efate Dictionary 63 palkor parpar
period of mourning (five days, pankot vintr. burn (garden). or could be longer). panpan prep. until. palkor vambi. observe. Malnen naat p!anrer vintr. coo, of a dove. imat kupalkro. When a man dies panrog v. try to go. you observe five days. Tukfalkor p!anuk n. shellfish sp. Nautilus. aliat tap nlaken ipi Sabat. Observe Nautilidae. Sunday because it is the sabbath. pao malagot n. fish sp. Snapper p!alo n. valley, gorge, cliff. See: (with black dot on side). nsaan. Lutjanidae. palsmin n. plant sp., fruit is not paos vditr. ask. Selwan kumur eaten, only the flower is used for namrun p!afreg nfaoswen keleg. If decoration. Elaeocarpus spp. you want something, just ask for palugnirakum n. plant sp, fairly it. low cover, a hiding place for paosus vintr. ask too many crabs. questions. p!alun n_inposs. brother, also p!ap!a n. shellfish. The spines of mother's or father's sibling's son. this shellfish can be used to See: tai; kor. write on slate, instead of chalk. palus vintr. paddle. Guildfordia triumphans. pam vambi. 1) eat. natam!ol pare 1 vintr. get someone. famtop. glutton. Ag kufam top. pare 2 vintr. blind, to be. Natam!ol You eat too much. Kineu afam nen ikano lele ipi met pare ko ipare. top. I eat too much. 2) consume. A man who can't see has blind Ito pam mane p!ur. It used up lots eyes, or he is blind. of money. Ntaewen itae pam p!arfaat n. rocks heaped up along nasup!nekien. Knowledge can eat the sea shore. See: narfaat. ignorance. See: nfamwen. parik 1 n. tree sp. Cassis. Leucaena pam!as v. shine. leucocephala. pamnrog vambi. taste food. See: parik 2 adj. small distance, go a minrog. little way further. pam!or vambi. discover, find. p!aror 1) n. fool, crazy. 2) dumb, pan aux. go. See: pa. unable to speak. pankisa adv. doing something so p!arp!aar vintr. bland, not enough much that it ends up being a bad taste, as in tea with not enough thing (Bislama: gogo inogud), sugar or meat with no salt. can't find a solution. Ntwam ien parpar vintr. wrap a piece of mromromro pankisa. The devil material around your waist, for thought and thought until he example a nanrepnrep. See: coudn't find a solution. nanrepnrep.
64 South Efate Dictionary p!arp!or p!aum!osu
p!arp!or n. fish sp. Triggerfishes planning to meet. See: seltra; (general), but see also fum!or, neet; saisei. fuu. Balistidae. See: fuu. patlep 1 n. claw, the big claw (e.g. p!arp!ormol n. fish sp. Strongskin. of crab). Patrik is the little claw. Fu is the adult of p!arp!ormol. patlep 2 n. mat, big single weave p!arsor n. fish sp. Surgeonfish sp, pandanus mat. including White-freckled, pato vintr. be at, distant place. Lieutenant, Striped bristletooth, patru n. fish sp. Wrasses. Twospot bristletooth. Labridae. See: aaf. Acanthurus. p!au n. fish sp. Snapper p!aru adj. fat. (Onespot or Yellow-margined). vintr. . parut take water (in a boat) pau 1 vambi. weave. Also used to pas v. push, put something describe the joining of boards in through something else, as in canoe making. Rupau napor. flowers in the hair. Kupaski They weave the coconut leaf nafum!nkas ntalgem. You put (pieces tied together). Nmatu flowers behind your ears. runa rukfau m!iit. The women p!as1 vambi. adopt. Kup!as teesa ni want to weave a mat. Ato na ka naat. You adopt a child who is fau. I am just about to weave. someone else's. Ipi teesa tap!as See: nraf. neu. He is my adopted child. pau 2 vintr. creep, like a vine. p!as2 vambi. chase. Nmarit ipau ki nkas. The vine pasa vintr. limp. creeps up the tree. p!aseo n. shellfish sp. Horse p!au kerkerai adj. wilful, strong Conch (general term). head. Fasciolariidae. p!aufiif n. drunk, a drunken paskar v. agree with someone and person (lit: head spin). add to what they have said. p!aukap n. fish sp. Paddletail Maarik naot, amur kafaskar snapper. nafsan. Mister Chief, I would p!aukaplat adj. bald. See: like to add my story. See: skar. p!aum!osu; m!aal. pasprut n. passionfruit, used both p!aulum ni afsak n. Cushion of the wild (mil) variety which star, starfish. Culcita has white fruit, and the novaguineae. introduced variety. p!aulum ni rakum n. plant sp., patan vintr. get out of a boat or fairly low cover, a hiding place plane; disembark. for crabs. p!atfaat n. iron. p!aum!osu adj. bald patch on top of patlas vambi. meet without the head. Selwan kuto pi nmaloput
South Efate Dictionary 65 p!aumra pelpel
natam!ol np!aum kefo pi p!aum!osu. or adjective, e.g. maon 'to sweat', When you become middle-aged maon pe maon 'to really sweat'. your head becomes bald. See: pe2 dir_part. there, used to m!aal; p!aukaplat. indicate a distance further than p!aumra vambi. slaughter an animal that already stated, e.g. sanpe, to eat it. 'over there'. Ntwam itarp!ek kai p!aun n_inposs. 1) head. 2) leader, mat pe. The devil fell down and head of group (also nap!au), most died there. important one (e.g., np!au narup!, p!eel v. tabu, to hang a leaf of 'main wife'; np!au natkon, 'main coconut or namele to show that village'). 3) top of something, there is a tabu on something. e.g. a bow. See: tp!au. Ipusp!eel talm!at. He put a tabu on p!aunamru vintr. carry two the garden. bundles of food on a stick over peep n. moth that lays eggs in the shoulder. Nsag nen kin kupau ripe bananas. Chromus erotus. nafnag ito nametp!agon ranru, ale pei 1 vintr. show. Pafei! ki wou ki kupo slati mpamum rusosoki nkal foum gaag. Show me your p!aunamru. You carry a stick on new clothes. Kafo pei ki natam!ol your shoulders that you tie food nen ki napu. I will show this man to both ends of, and it is called the road. p!aunamru. pei 2 vintr aux. 1) lead, first. p!aup!al n. fish sp. Grouper, big Komam uweswes umaos umurin na one is koom. This one (lit. head- koto wi, kofo pei maos. We worked empty) is named for not having and got tired, if we wanted to be meat in its head. Serranidae. well we would first have to get See: koom. tired. 2) win. See: pei. paut wander. Ipaut ur taon pan pek n. bag. imalik. He wandered around p!el1 vintr. shelter, from sun or town until dark. rain, or protect from something. p!autik adj. foolish. Natam!ol nen p!el2 vintr. bend, fold (bend or itap tae namrun mau rusoso ki fold an object). Kup!el ki nas na p!autik. A man who doesn't know p!amoti. You bend your bow to something is foolish. See: nrotik. tie it. Ap!el ki natus. I fold the p!autop n. fish sp. Groupers. See: paper. koom. p!elgat vambi. open (e.g. window or pawer vintr. stand, hands held door); turn a page; turn on a behind the back. switch. pe1 particle. intensifier, used to p!elp!eel v. sneak along. increase the intensity of a verb pelpel adv. quickly. Ag kusiwer
66 South Efate Dictionary p!elp!el piam
pelpel. You walk quickly. See: a problem. Akam upesp!ot ki ntan. trapelpel. You discuss who is the p!elp!el vintr. tack on, baste on. landowner. See: fnau. peltakot adj. crossed, anything pesp!ur Also: psa p!ur. vintr. boast. crossing something else can be Ipiatlak natam!ol nen rutae pes p!ur described as being peltakot. me rukano preg namrun. There pen prep. particle used to mean are people who know how to 'there' (ipen sampen-e). pen boast but they don't know how precedes the location name, -e to do anything. pesp!urp!al talk follows the location. Gar ranru big about nothing See: sorsor; mat pen Epakrar-e. They both fekfek. died at Epakrar. pestaf vambi. tell; talk to. p!en vintr. whistle. p!et adj. other, different. pepelau n. bird. petog n. petanque, a popular pepep n. slipper lobster. game in Erakor. Parribacus caledonicus. pi1 v. be. p!er vintr. fart. p!i 1 vambi. throw a small piece p!erat vtr. fart on. of wood to get a coconut or to p!erik vintr. fly magically. hit a flying-fox. A p!i naniu. I perkat adv. truly, used for throw a stick at coconuts (to emphasis. make them fall down). See: pes 1 vintr. talk (nafsan (na-fes-an) np!ip!. is language). Gar rupes ki nafsan pi2 n. bee. gamus. They speak our p!i 2 vambi. 1) kick, with top of language. See: psasok; psawi; the foot. 2) kick, as in the effect psaplil; pestaf; pesp!ur. of kava or alcohol (but also nafsan n. language. See: til; nmalok ip!ip!, the 'the kava kicks'). puserek; traus. See: p!ip!. pes 2 vambi. start, as in pes nkap, pi3 vambi. pour, as in watering start fire (by rubbing sticks), tak a plant or drizzling coconut milk fes nafuserekwen, you start onto laplap. talking. pia n. banana, small sweet pes sa vintr. curse, insult. banana. pesfkaar vintr. joke. See: fkaar. pialoaal n. crab, red and black pesnromnromi vintr. comfort. small crab which lives in holes Ipes nromnromi selwan runrogtesa. on the beach. He gives comfort when they feel piam n. fish sp. Damselfishes bad. (Onespot, Twospot, King...). pesp!ot vintr. investigate or discuss Pomacentridae.
South Efate Dictionary 67 piatlak pkal
piatlak Also: pitlak. vambi. weaving; arrange your hair. 1) own, have (from pi 'be' and p!ir vintr. scream, yell, shout. atlak 'owner'). Kupiatlaken ko? pirket n. main rib of coconut leaf. Are you the owner? Ag kupiatlak pirsai vambi. drill. sernale. You own everything. pism!alit n. Mantis shrimps 2) with a third person subject it (named for the popping noise also refers to general existence, (m!alit) they make on the reef). ipiatlak, there is. Me ipitlak Stomatopoda. namrun iskei ito nam!oru. But pisp!lolo n. loincloth, made of there is something that was in bark. See: nasieg; nafon. the hole. p!it n. fish sp. Frogfishes, pier vintr. noisy, to make a lot of Stonefish. Float on top of the noise. water when they miss catching a p!il Also: p!ilmet. vambi. blink. fish to eat. Antennariidae. See: p!ilp!il vintr. close eyes, e.g. so that ftir. you can pray. Kup!ilp!il me pitar vintr. lost, be lost. tuklot. You shut your eyes pitkaskei n. 1) same. 2) alike, then we can pray. balance, equal (older way of p!ilmet vintr. blink. See: le sulsul. saying it is pitoskei). Selwan pili n. banana, a long banana. kupus sernale raru kupsi pitkaskei Twist it to take off its skin nen raru keta tap!o mau. When which is hard to get off. you put things in a canoe you pilo vintr. wake up, to be awake. must keep balance so that the pilp!uk n. Soldier crab. Mictyris sp. canoe won't tip over. Me ntaewen pines n. tree sp. green long fruit, go nasup!nekien gar rata yellow when ripe, sweet-cotton pitkaskeimau. But knowledge like inside that is eaten, black and ignorance are not equal at seeds. all. 3) double, be two of the pios vintr. call out. Koredi me same thing. kunrogo na menal kefios elau, go p!ka n. fish sp. Porcupinefishes, akam kofios euut. You get ready burr fish, puffer fish with nail- and when you hear the like covering on skin. barracuda call out from the Diodontidae; Tetrodontidae. water, you call out from the pkaal vintr. give birth (of shore. See: sos. humans). See: psol; paakor. p!ip! v. the action of an outrigger pkafu vambi. split, e.g. a coconut rolling over the canoe. See: tap!o; (nmarteu). p!i. pkal 1 vambi. sharpen, especially pir vambi. braid, tie, as in wood. Tukfkal masmes. We
68 South Efate Dictionary pkal pnak
sharpen the knife. Atopkal plaksok vambi. teach. masmes. I am sharpening the teplaksok n. teacher. knife. See: maama. ple vintr. fight, dispute, not a pkal 2 vintr. care for a pig. physical fight. Naat inru raple. pkapun vambi. kill. Papkapni.! You Two men are fighting. Mees ne kill him. ruple, ruple ki ntan. Today they pkasai vambi. poke a hole in fight, they fight about ground. something. See: kuf; tik. pkastes n. dugong. Dugong plik vambi. peel. dugon. plim vintr. change, transform, as p!kasus vintr. breastfeed. in a magical transformation. p!ko vintr. interested, be Munwei iplim pi kori. The 'kleva' interested in something. Kup!ko ki (wise man) changed into a dog. nawesien gaag. You are plog n. coconut shell, empty interested in your work. coconut. pkos v. unfold, open a packet, as p!lolepen Also: p!lolep. n_inposs. in opening a laplap, or unfolding stomach. a mat. plon n_inposs. testicles. See: pkot vintr. spoiled, unusable p!aru; teem!iit. anymore. Can refer to bread that plor vambi. turn, e.g. a tap. Ag is mouldy for example. p!aflor nai. Turn on the water! plaakor vambi. 1) cover Kuplor lam pak elag. You turn the something. 2) n. cover, of a pot. light up. See: paakor. plos 1 adj. twisted, crooked, to be p!laanr n. fish sp. tuna, Dogtooth (note that plos means 'to twist'). tuna. Gymnosarda unicolor. See: plos. plag vambi. open something. plos 2 vambi. wring clothes. plak 1 vambi. accompany. Kuplake plos 3 vambi. avoid, as in being swa? Where are you going with angry with someone, you avoid him? Paflaker! pan. Take them them, unlike lelu which means and go. go around. p!lak 1 vintr. scared, to be scared, plos 4 vambi. do something bad to to be terrified of something. someone. plak 2 vintr. pregnant. See: tien. pnak vambi. steal. pnak nmatu, p!lak 2 n. Rail (type of bird). pnak nanwei. adultery. Kupnak Gallirallus philippensis. nmatu nen itapi nmatu gaag mau. plakes n. green tree lizard. You take a woman who doesn't plakori vintr. 1) hunt. 2) n. dog belong to you. used for hunting. — adj. thieving. kano pnak,
South Efate Dictionary 69 pnol p!ool
natam!ol pnak. thief. Naat nen ito ipi natam!ol polkirkir nen iwi. A slat sernale p!et ipi natam!ol pnak. man who can do something A person who steals things is a quick is an active man. thief. See: natam!ol pnak. p!olp!lo adj. wide. pnol vambi. wash; rinse. See: polpol n. basket, big one. See: preitao; m!oltao. fuelig; nroog; likat; sp!ol; tip!el; p!nopun n. fish sp. Filefishes, tasal; nlafkir; napor; sarpotpot. Puffers (but see pako fv: singular polpol koplog n. penis. See: ola. al). Monacanthidae. polsa 1) spoil, destroy. 2) bad pnultao v. wash things, like behaviour. See: polwi; folfol. plates. See: m!oltao. p!olul n. Reef crab, red shell, 15 pnut 1 vtr. close, shut. See: p!on. cm. Etisus splendidus. pnut 2 vintr. 1) quiet. Pafnut,! polwi vintr. behave well, do good. p!atapes top mau. You be quiet, See: polsa; folfol. don't talk much. 2) stop. Preg nra p!on1 num. thousand. kefnut. Stop the bleeding. p!on2 vintr. 1) shut, to be shut. p!o vintr. 1) smell, stink. 2) rot, Natu dakdak ip!on. Foot of a duck decay. is closed (webbed). See: pnut. nap!o n. smell. 2) end, finish. 3) webbed feet, p!ofu Also: p!afu. vambi. puncture like a duck's feet. something, like a ball is p!onfer n. boil that comes up in the punctured. Nkas ip!ofu polom. The armpit, you put a cockle shell on wood punctured your ball. it to cure it. It has lots of heads. p!og n. night. See: nmanuk; fati; nmak. p!ok adv. half, something not p!onp!on prep. together. completed. Atu ata weswes mau, p!onptae adj. different. me uskul, skul nigmam ipan p!ok. pontekon n. flower, yellow, leaf pokes n. box (from English). is useful in treating ringworm. p!okor vintr. 1) cover. 2) brood, a p!onti num. million. hen sitting on its egg. See: p!op!o. p!oo crouch down to hide. See: p!oktao v. dust, to wipe. kuskor. poler n. pot, saucepan. From: p!ook n. Food, typically different English 'boiler'. vegetables, cut up and prepared polfai n. fish sp. Mullet, p!aurik, in a ground oven (known in small one; naumet, middle one; Bislama as a bougna, a term rutiyaf old grey mullet. from New Caledonia). Mugilidae. pool vintr. fool. polkirkir adj. active, of a person. p!ool adj. blunt. Faatmama ne kipe Naat nen itae preg namrun p!elp!el to p!ool ki. This sharpening stone
70 South Efate Dictionary poot prei
is almost blunt. nen itrau p!rakot m!as. The man poot n. banana, plantain banana just seems ordinary. See: naur for cooking. p!rakot. 2) any, anything. Paslat! p!op! n. spirit, feeling, a person's tep!rakot m!as mai. Take anything fashion of doing things (p!op! wi, and come! good way of doing things; p!op! pram adj. long, tall. Nap!utuok sa, bad fashion of doing things). ikano paakor, nkal neu kemas p!op! pakelag n. proud. pram pak esa. My knee couldn't p!op! paketan n. quiet, show, my dress had to be long contemplative. See: sup!. down to here (the ankle). p!op!o v. cluck, the noise a naframwen n. length. chicken makes. To ip!op!o. The pras n. plank of wood, a piece chicken is clucking. See: p!okor. of wood that has been shaped p!op!or n. fish sp. Cardinalfish sp. for use. Apogonidae. See: anrar. preg vambi. make, cause, do. popot n. crab sp. small white crab Also used with a following verb that lives in the sand. Good to as a cause of the action of that eat. verb. Note: kaimes is the term poptae v. divide. used for Biblical creation. Ruto p!or vambi. 1) break, something sursur natam!ol rupregi natam!ol with your hands. Pap! !ori pami. rusapot kir. They tricked people You break and eat it. 2) chop, and made people support them. break (of objects). Kaipe preg nawesien su. I've p!orlaf n. coconut, flower breaking finished the work. Kupe pregi su open. Second stage at which you talm!at. You've already made a can eat a coconut. See: nam!. garden. See: kaimes. p!orp!or vambi. break everything. pregfu vambi. pierce (e.g., an plak p!orp!or vintr. break wood in abcess or a boil). Syn: sup!fu. the bush, like a pig running pregnrog vambi. attempt, try. through the bush. Ipregnrogo nen kin kefan, me mtulep itap trok nen kin kefo pan p!ot1 vintr. explain. mau. He tried to go, but this p!ot v. share out. See: aliat p!ot. 2 spirit woman didn't let him go. p!otp!otak idiom. chicken's cry as it Kupregnrogo nen p!awelu aslam. lays an egg. You try to help your friend. potut n. tower made of rocks, pregsa vintr. spoil, damage. monument, atar. pregwel vambi. imitate. See: folfol. p!rai vambi. chop, break (of pregwi v. do good to someone. objects). prei vintr. 1) wash, using your p!rakot adj. 1) ordinary. Natam!ol
South Efate Dictionary 71 preitao puet
hands to splash water over p!tae Also: p!otae. vintr. yourself. 2) baptise (paptaes 1) different. See: kaaru. commonly used today). 2) divide, share. preitao vambi ? wash (of people). ptal vambi ? ask for something. See: pnultao; m!oltao. ptan v. accompany. Joel iptanki pres vambi. untie. mam pak talm!at nanom Joel p!roro adj. hard, of food, like accompanied us to the garden gristle. yesterday p!rot vambi. eat something hard, ptau v. be at, an archaic form of crunch. Nafnag nen ip!roro, p!atao pato. kin kap!roti. This food is hard, ptin vintr. sore, pain. give me some and I will crunch ptol vintr. hungry. it. ptom vintr. grow. nawi ftom. p!sai vintr. clap hands. See: germinated yam. Ipo to ftom. It p!sap!os. will grow. psakor vambi. hide, to keep secret. pton 1 n. coral sp.(Ascidian) with psaplil vintr. argue, strongly meat that can be eaten. discuss. pton 2 vintr. compare. p!sap!os vintr. clap. ptour vambi. marry (of the pastor psasok vambi. encourage. Kupsasok marrying a couple). Pastor kefo naat nen ke kerkrai ki nawesien ga. ptourir aliat p!ot. The pastor will You encourage that man to be marry them on Friday. See: lak; strong in his work. tousok; taulu. psawi vintr. 1) thanks. See: ta. ptu See main entry: tu. 2) grace, the prayer said by ptur vintr. squirt, spit, spurt. Christians before a meal. pu vambi. 1) pull, as in pulling psig vintr. disobey. Kuleka atli na a breath, or pulling a bow and p!afato me kupsig. You see, I told arrow. 2) hold e.g., bundle of you to stay but you disobeyed. spears. See: sigpir. puel vintr. 1) absent; lost. Mal psir vintr. lie, pretend. Ipiatlak nawesien me ga ipuel. Time to tete naat nen rutae psir wi. There work, but he has gone. are some people who know how 2) disappear. to lie well. puet vambi. 1) pull. Rupak taon tepsir n. lie. rupuetlu flaik nen kin kafman ipsi psol vintr. give birth to (of ito taon. They went to town, they animal). See: pkaal. took down the flag that the pta vintr. make good. government had put up in town. ptaan vintr. accompany. 2) suck. Ipuet nasu magko. S/he
72 South Efate Dictionary puetsok puri
sucks the mango. Kupuet nmaeto p!ulp!og. gaag kefram. You make yourself p!ulp!og n. morning. very cross (lit: pull your anger to p!ulp!og rik Also: p!ulp!og sasa. n. be a long one). 3) bring, carry. dawn. Kipe puet valis ni brother neu pulp!ou n. hat. teflan. Kipe pueti mai me ito pai pulsok adj. stuck. See: p!on. nkal wes That's how he brought pultau n. shellfish sp. Ovulas my brother's suitcase. He (general term). Ovulidae. brought it and he filled it with pun1 v2. dead, when used with a clothes. verb of hitting like wat or krak. puetsok vambi. 1) hold. See: Iwatpuni. He hit and killed him. sarsok. 2) catch, capture (as in a See: mat. ball or a prisoner). pun2 vambi. fish using poison. pug vambi. wake. Apug ag. I Ruto pun naik ki natu. They wake you. would kill fish using that vine. pui n. nudibranch. nafunwen n. fish poisoning. puk1 vintr. 1) swell, to be full (of p!unopun Also: knopun. n. fish sp. food). 2) high tide (ntas ipuk 'the Pufferfish. Tetrodontidae. sea is full'). See: mu. pupu1 n. shellfish sp. Tritons puk2 vintr. cough. (general term). Cymatiidae. nafukwen n. cough. pupu2 vintr. gargle. Kupupu ki nai. pukok n. bud. You gargle with water. pukos Also: pkos. vambi. unfold, pur adj. full, to fill up. Pagotut open up laplap, or a mat, or ipur ki nai. The dish is full of some cloth. water. pul1 vintr. make a sign with the p!ur vintr adj. big. Faat sees inrik hand. Ipul ki narum na kemai. She faat p!ur kin na, "E, ag p!afei me waved for him to come. kineu kafo inrok." The small rock pul2 vintr. prune, cut branches told the big rock, "You go first off a tree. Natam!ol ruum, go rupul and I will follow." Kofo sat tep!ur nkas. The people clean the ler, me kofo p!akot ki tesees. We garden and prune the tree. would bring the biggest back, pul3 vintr. twirl (sling), throw a but we would spend just a little. net; shake your head; thrash tail p!ura 1 adj. double, as in fruit when (of a fish or an animal). there are two joined together. fulful vintr. twirl, spin from one's p!ura 2 n. balls, testicles. See: plon; hands. teem!iit. pul4 vintr. dance. puri vintr. prepare fire for laplap, pulmatelen n. dawn. See: heating stones that will be put
South Efate Dictionary 73 purkum raeru
into the earth oven (um). Pafan! putsak vintr. emerge, as in from the sat maniot nen tukfo puri. Get the water. Kunrup! pak etan me kumer manioc and we will prepare the mai putsak nen p!afuet nmarom. oven. You dive down but you come purkum n. bat. Purkum rupreg back up to breathe your air. nasum! gar em!rom erfale. Bats putut n. 1) stone arrangement. make their home inside caves. 2) altar. Usage: archaic. pus vambi. put. Pafsi! keleg. You puu adj. naked. See: karo userek. put it straight. Pafus! nkas keto puul n. shellfish sp. cowrie shell, nmaota nasum! go fat. You put general term. Cypraeidae. wood between the house and the puun n. Small green bird, smaller rock. than the Red-bellied fruit dove puser vintr. look for something. (sunra). Its call is an omen of a puserek vintr. chat. See: traus; til; death. pes. puup adj. can't swim. pusman v. drive. Kutae pusman puur vintr. 1) empty, to be. loto. You know how to drive a 2) empty- handed, to be. Apuur car. See: kelsman. mai. I come empty handed. 3) n. puspta vintr. arrange. empty shell, as in egg shell, or put vambi. pluck. Kafan put empty coconut, so puurkai is an nm!au to. I will pluck the empty cockle shell. chicken's feathers. puus adj. dumb, unable to speak; p!ut n. widower. See: maalep. shy. putkau vintr. against, to be pwok n. boar. Sus scrota. Ipiatlak against. wak nen rusoso ki pwok mil. There putmak vintr. withhold is a pig which they call a wild information, even though you boar. See: wak klet. know it, when someone asks you a question. R - r
-r pron. 1) them (3rd person plural ra= pron. 1) dual, with Object) when suffixed to reference to any person (e.g. 1dl, transitive verbs. 2) their (3rd 2dl, 3dl realis Subject). See: person plural possessive) when rak-. suffixed to inalienable body part raeru n. fish sp. Bluespine terms or used in reflexive unicornfish. Naso unicornis; constructions. Balistidae. See: us naum.
74 South Efate Dictionary rai= ruk=
rai= pron. they (3rd person dual reki Also: raki. prep. 1) for, to perfect Subject). Syn: rakai=. get to. Or selwan rutok palus reki raiten Also: rait. n_inposs. mother. euut... When they paddled to See: iak. shore... Kuslati reki nafte? What rak= pron. dual, with reference to did you bring it for? Kefan preg any person (e.g. 1dl, 2dl, 3dl naik, imai ale isori, ko kesati reki irrealis Subject). See: ra. esum! nen rukfami. He would go rakai= pron. we, you, they (1st, and get fish, come and sell them 2nd or 3rd person dual perfect or take it for the house for them Subject). Syn: rai=. to eat. Me kefo mer kuk p!og reki rakek n. plate, small flat plate. matol. Then he would cook at See: pagotut; slo. night for the next day. 2) as for. rakum n. crab, general word. Apu neu kin atae tli, me reki Apu rakum ntas n. crab type called ptae akano tli. I can talk about krab kaledoni in Bislama. my own grandfather, but as for ralim num. ten. Numbers between other people's grandfathers, I ten and twenty are formed with can't say. a base of ten then atmat and then rep!ek n. laplap wrapped and the number, e.g., ralim iskei ready to cook. atmat inru, twelve, ralim inru, rik adj. small; also used for twenty. 'early', pulp!og rik, early morning. ralim inru num. twenty. roktaar n. fish sp. Manta ray. ranru adj pron. both, the two of Manta birostris. them. rom! n. fish sp. Striped raolae n. mat, special decorated surgeonfish, also Sohal mat for weddings. surgeonfish. Acanthurus raru n. canoe, ship. Ipiatlak raru lineatus; Acanthurus sohal. seserik go raru p!afp!of ruto ser ur ros n. yam, sp. red one and namos ko ntas. There are small white one. boats and big boats that go in rowat n. sago palm, used for the ocean and the sea. making thatch for rooves. raru m!ol n. canoe without a Metroxylon warburgi. platform (nafetfet). ru= Also: ru. pron. they (3rd raru nintan n. car, vehicle. See: person plural realis Subject). loto. rui= pron. they (3rd person raus n. beam, crossbeam on top plural perfect Subject). Also: of the walls on the long side of a rukui=; rui; rukui. house. See: surnaot; npou; nkas ruk= pron. they (3rd person peltakot. plural irrealis Subject).
South Efate Dictionary 75 rukoi= salia
rukoi= Also: rukoi. pron. they (3rd ruum n. shellfish sp. Black Wing person plural perfect Subject). Oyster. Pteria avicula. Syn: rui=. rutiei vintr. first weaving on a coconut leaf mat or basket. S - s sa1 dem. here, there. See: sago; the addressee. See: sanien; sa. san. sago 2 n. shellfish sp. shellfish, sa2 vintr. 1) bad. Mees atrau triton, big conch shell. Charonia nrogo isa. Today I don't feel tritonis. good. 2) very, used sai 1 vintr. push. Asai ki naaruk na idiomatically to intensify an katalof. I push my hand to shake. adjective or verb, e.g. ifsofus sa Amai sai ki raru. I will come by 'he is very young', ipios sa 'he canoe (pushing the canoe). See: cries out loudly', p!ulp!og sasa tu 2. 'early morning'. sai suek vintr. poke the fire. sa adj. bad. sai 2 vintr. creep, way in which a saak n. yam sp, a 'strong' one, plant grows along the ground good for laplap, has prickles on (like kumol 'kumala' for the vine. Kalsarap has grown example). one that weighed 75 kg. saisei vintr. meet, have a meeting. saap! vintr. mistake. Kupreg saap! nsaiseiwen n. See: seltra; neet; namrun. Kusaap! napu. You make patlas. a mistake. You miss the road. sak 1 vambi. sit. The ghost made you Isaap! kos. sak 2 vintr. land, come ashore. sick (idiomatic). sak 3 vintr. ascend (a hill). saaprei vambi. splash, throw water — vtr. increase. onto something. See: lup!; lig; pi. sal 1 vintr. drift. 2) float. Raru ni saar v. mix, combine. Go, usaar naat isal. The man's canoe is a, komam nmatu go nanwei usaar, drifting. Ramai mai rapalus mai. welkia umix, usaar. And, we mix, Ramaos. Rato sal namos. They us women and men we would came, they paddled and came. mix. They were tired. They floated on safei vintr. pull or twist a banana the ocean. 3) swing, hang. See: from a bunch. salia. safeu vintr. whistle. sal 2 vintr n. swing. sago 1 dem. there, that one close to salia vintr. throw into the water,
76 South Efate Dictionary salsal seltra
to make float. See: sal. in an animal. salsal vintr. light, to be light (not sasaan vintr. sick, deformed. heavy). saspe prep. behind, there. pregi kesalsal vintr. enlighten, sasu n. fish sp. Humpback show someone how to do grouper; Pantherfish; also something. Sweetlips. Cromileptes altivelis; saltae v. grasp, understand. Haemulidae. sam vintr. dunk, put something sasupra n. fish sp. Lesson's into liquid, as bread in tea, or Sweetlips. Plectorhinchus laplap into coconut milk. lessonii. sampe over there. satsok vintr. hold firmly. san dem. there, that place. saulu vambi. remove, bail (water). sanien dem. there. See: esa; sanpe; Selwan raru ip!ur ki nai kusaulua. sago; sago. When water fills up the canoe sanpe dem. there. See: sanien; esa; you bail it out. sago. seer n. coconut frond. sao vambi. bale, scoop out. sees 1 adj. small; narrow. saof vambi. visit. Iwi kin natam!ol sees 2 n. shellfish sp. shellfish, sikskei rumer saof family gar. It is general term for Nerites, snail good if each person visits their shaped shells. Neritidae. family. Komam Limaas ramer nag seeskanrp!on n. shellfish sp. rakfan saofir. Limaas and I said Costate Nerite. The general term that we would go and visit them. for Nerites is sees. Nerita saofak n. sea urchin. See: somkol; costata. nalwaniksu; sup!sup!. seesp!al adj. tiny. saotog n. 1) gift given with no sef 1 interrog. what, which. Ag obligation to repay it. 2) rent. kupaakor sef ntau? When were See: tigpiel. you born? sap interrog. where. See: sua. sefmal when. Kipe pi sefmal ko? sapre vintr. discard, chuck out. Em!eltig ki tenklok. What's the sari vintr. wander. time? Nearly ten o'clock. sarpotpot n. basket, round basket, See: ngas. made of coconut leaf. See: sef 2 vintr. escape, run away. nroog; likat; tip!el; sp!ol; tasal; sek vintr. paddle following the polpol; nlafkir; napor; fuelig. tide or wind; surf. See: suar. sarsok vambi. hold tight. See: sekska vintr. shake. See: krokur. puetsok. selsel vambi. rub. sarti vambi. hug; immobilise, as seltra vintr. go and meet someone. See: saisei; neet; patlas.
South Efate Dictionary 77 selwan sif
selwan adv. while, at the time that. anything, damn it!] semsem vintr. happy, be happy. sfak v. shoot. Anrogo runa Aaron Asemsem top selwan kumai sauf isfak ki sisi ni ntas nanom? I heard kineu. I am very happy when that Aaron shot you with the you come to visit me. spear gun yesterday? senae n. intestines of an animal. sfir n. Lorikeet (Green palm ser 1 quantifier. every. See: silu. and Rainbow) (type of bird). ser 2 vambi. hang. Kuser nal. You Trichoglossus haematodus. hang the basket. sfirmer n. Waxbills, Mannekins, ser 3 vambi. sweep. birds of that type. Estrildidae. ser 4 vintr. flow; melt; circulate; sfiu n. Whimbrel (type of bird). float. Gallicolumba bacarii sernale n. everything. solomonensis. sernaor adv. everywhere. sger 1 n. 1) prop used to support a sernrak adv. always. Sernrak ruple leaning branch of a tree. 2) joint, ko ruftuk. They argue or fight all small piece of wood that holds the time. Kupes sernrak kupes top two beams running in different sernrak. You talk all the time, planes or at right-angles to each you talk too much all the time. other. serpal n. bract, part of coconut sger 2 v. nourish. Kusger nam!olik tree shaped like a boat in which itu nakerkraian. You nourish the flower grows. Can be burned your body, it makes it strong. to use as a torch. si1 vambi. shoot (bullet). sertao vambi. sweep. See: mas. si2 vambi. divide a leaf using a knife, sertep!al vintr. ignore, disobey, as you do to pandanus or to disbelieve. Asertep!al nafsan ni make a coconut broom (nier). raitok. I ignore my mother's si3 v. pick a flower. words. si4 particle. completive particle, used seserik adj. small. to indicate that the action of the sestau n. sore, big head on the verb it is attached to has been sore. completely achieved. pamsi eat sfa v. give something to all of, slatsi take all of. It seems someone, but not to someone to only be allowed with these else, a jealous way of saying two and a small set of other that something is given to verbs. someone else but not to the sif vambi. flick with fingers; speaker. Rusfa ki mane nanom. sling, using a slingshot. Jacop They filled his pockets up with isifpun m!aau nig Efil Kalros money [but we didn't get panpan iwatpni. Jacob hit the
78 South Efate Dictionary sifsif skasook
Ifira warrior Kalros with a stone See: ser. and killed him. See: sifsif. sin vintr. finish (only of rain). sifsif n. slingshot. Us isin. Rain is ending. sigpir vambi. ignore, don't listen sinrakat vambi. frighten someone. to. See: psig. sip!ol v. carry balanced on the siig v. show one's bottom, a shoulder. sign of disrespect. Upan na kolos siriu vintr. give a gift in return ntas nanom trau krokur Matai kin for a gift brought (for example isiig toklos mam to. Yesterday we to a wedding). went swimming and were sirsir vintr. 1) drizzle. 2) sow surprised to see Matai bend (seeds). 3) germinating seed, down and poke his backside at shoot sprouting (e.g. hibiscus us. stick planted in the ground). siik n. Kingfisher (type of bird). sisi 1 n. gun. Alcedinidae. sisi p!ur n. rifle. siil 1 n. chilli. From: English. sisi sees n. revolver. n. siil 2 shield. From: English. sisi 2 vintr. xblow. Nlag isisi sik n. banana sp. kerkrai. The wind blows sik vambi. raise, lift. strongly. sikpol v. carry balanced on the si vambi. blow. Pasi! nkap nen shoulder. kesor. You blow to make the siksik vintr. play a game, using a fire light. large stick to hit a smaller stick siti vambi. carry something out of a hole in the ground, a heavy. See: wes; slat. game that is not played much siwer vintr. walk. now. skar vambi. add, join. Tiawi wan sikskar adj. messy hair. kin rutli na mees ipi mal gamus. sikskei adj. individual, separate, Nen kofoskari. The old people say each. See: skei. that today it is up to you. That sil 1 n. shellfish sp. Turritellas you should add to it (the good (general term). Turritellidae. work that they have done). See: sil 2 vintr. 1) enter. 2) join, come paskar. into the company of, meet. skarkar 1 vintr. scratch, of a chicken silfe v. push somthing in scratching the ground. See: between something else, sarsar. typically flat such as paper skarkar 2 v. messy, as in messy money in between sheets of hair. pages in a book. skasook vintr. jump around, more silu quantifier. every, every one. than once. See: sook.
South Efate Dictionary 79 skatur sm!os
skatur vintr ? pass through. kemur kefuri kefreg kapu, ga skei adj. 1) one. 2) same, as in kefantmen slat nafnag. But today malskei one time, at the same if a woman wants to prepare a time. Iur nagis ne nafsan skei ne. laplap, she must carry the food He went to this point (on the herself. Isol teesa nafte, nmatu ko coast), this same story (this one nanwei? She is carrying what story). 3) one, also used kind of baby, girl or boy? Me ati following a noun to indicate kaaru ina malfane kefan slat kai. specificity of the noun. Go ipi And the other grandmother premium lis iskei. And it is a wanted to get cockles. Me ag premium lease. kupan slat nanrmem swa? But skei quantifier. same. See: sikskei. where did you bring bananas skitrai n. coconut grater. See: from? See: siti; wes. fatma. slati mai bring. skof vambi. catch something as it slei vambi. action of wedging a falls. Paskofir.! You catch them. door or window open, or a table skosuk vintr. backward. Paskosuk! leg to make it balance. Kuslei ki pak nakoinrok. You go nsem!. You wedge it with a wood backwards towards the rear. chip. Kukal ki skosuk ki singlet ag. You slif vambi. hug. See: taasok. put your t-shirt on backwards. slo See: rakek; pagotut. n. plate skot vambi prep. 1) with, go with. used for pounding laplap. Kumer skotir ler. You go back smaan n. rudder, steering paddle, with them again. Ag kuskot naat now used of a steering wheel of pak elau. You go with the man to a car. the sea. 2) with, used of sexual sm!ai vambi. chew (kava, chewing relationship (tmer skotir, 'they go gum). with each other'). sman v. praise. slaor n. route, passage, as in the sm!anr vambi. slap. way through coral to get around smoklen n_inposs. echo. the lagoon or to get to shore. sm!ol vambi. close a hole, plug, slasol carry, can also be used to mend, caulk a hole in a canoe. mean 'to take on', as in taking on Pasmol! nkal gaag. You mend your a new task. Paster islasol ntau clothes. inru em!rom nasum!tap. The pastor sm!ol vintr. make a noise with has worked in his position for your mouth to call, usually a two years. long kissing noise to call an slat vambi. take, carry, bring, animal or a person. e.g., sati pa. Me mees nmatu sm!os n. fish sp. Rabbitfish.
80 South Efate Dictionary snom srakor
Siganidae. See: tof; tofkas; fser. ntas. Come down to the snom n. fish sp. Spotted halfbeak. saltwater. Hemiramphus far. soptao n. shellfish sp., small shells sog vambi. fall, of a tree. like Olive-shaped Imbricaria. sog vambi. hug. Imbricaria olivaeformis. sogsog vambi. encircle fish, pushing sor 1 vintr. light, as of fire, be it to the shore. alight. If the fire is glowing or sok vambi. 1) jump. 2) to get to smoking then it is refered to as the place of. fag. Nkap isor. The fire is alight. sok 1 vambi. throw. Kasi kesor. I blow (the fire) to light it. See: . sok 2 adj. child who is not fag growing. sor 2 vambi. sell. sokfal n. owl (type of bird). Tyto sor 3 v. force someone to do alba. See: mlapuas. something. Itmen soro slat sernale soklep adj. rich. mten. She forced herself to carry soklkau vambi. jump over. all the heavy things. Pata! tmom soksmanr vambi. slip. See: srok [sorok] mau! Don't force kursmanr. yourself! soksok used to emphasise a verb. sor 4 vambi. scrub, e.g. with e.g. mrosoksoki - think carefully. coconut husk. Mam upo tap taesoksoki na ga ipi sorsor vambi. praise. maarik naot mau, nlaken rupo ta soru adj. decayed. See: npatsoru. tli mau. We didn't really know sos 1 n. grasshopper. Orthoptera that he was the chief, because spp. they hadn't said. sos 2 vditr. call, name. See: pios. solsla vambi. 1) rub. 2) caress. sp!il adj. tangle. Apreg nmarit ne somkol n. sea urchin (long black ipi sp!il. I tangled this rope. spines). Diadema savignyi. See: sap!el; sap!le; sp!il vambi. tie. sup!sup!; saofak; nalwaniksu. sp!ol n. basket (for the garden). sook vintr. 1) jump, leap See: fuelig; nroog; likat; tip!el; (once). Kusook nkas. You jump tasal; polpol; nlafkir; napor; from the tree. See: skasook. 2) sarpotpot. vambi. collide. 3) rise (as in the sputan n. dwarf, dangerous sun, the moon or a star rising). creature which lives in the bush Al ipregnrogo nen isook. The sun and may eat people. is trying to come out. sraf vintr. miss. sook palkau; sook nrilkau; srafnoi vambi. mix. soklkau vtr. jump over. srak n. insect, stick insect. 4) to get to the place of. Mai sook srakor vambi. hide something.
South Efate Dictionary 81 sralesok sup!
sralesok vintr. believe. Kusralesok sul n. child, term used by Atua p!afo m!ol. You believe in parent for its child. Also a God so you will be safe. mother's brother's child. sraletu vambi. 1) confess. sul 1 vintr. hesitate, be a little 2) sorry, be sorry. scared of, as with an in-law who sreniu n. fish sp. Squirrelfish. you have to avoid. Holocentridae. See: trakap. sul 2 vintr. pull the head back to srof vambi. 1) suck, breathe in. duck, to avoid something by 2) grunt, the noise a pig makes. pulling the head back. sto n. 1) store. 2) Vila, also sul 3 vintr. fish by torchlight. known as sto p!ur. sulfra v. scare. su1 vambi. catch (as in sulkor vambi ? glare, blind by light. sickness). sulok n. umbrella. su3 vintr. descend (from a hill); sulprog n. lizard that you find get out of a canoe. under rocks. su4 v. 1) to wear on the head. sulsul vambi. soften something in See: of. 2) headbutt. the fire. Kumasulsli nkap. You su5 v. root, as in a pig rooting soften it in the fire. Kusulsli ki in the ground. Tenen ipiatlak tok. You soften the wild cane (to nmatu itok lek wak nen ito su straighten it). entan. The man who had a wife sum! n. See main entry: nasum!. looked at the pig which was suman vambi. 1) praise. 2) thanks. digging the ground. See: psawi; ta; faftae. sua Also: sap; wa. interrog. sumat n. vine. where. sum!kai n. yam, dark red inside, suan n. fish sp. under the outside skin is white. suar vintr. paddle against the tide sum!sm!o v. get wet, as in being or wind. See: sek. wet by the rain. suarip n. Common Waxbill (type sunra n. Red-bellied fruit dove, of bird). Estrilda astrild. bird which cries out when suek vintr. put wood in fire. someone has died. Ptilinopus suekor vambi. smoke, as in drying greyii. copra, or smoking a fish. sunref vintr. sniff. suer vambi. shit, excrete. Kineu sup!1 n_inposs. fashion, habit. asuer. I'm shitting. Pafan! suer! sup!2 vambi. stab with something You go and shit! sharp. See: tnus. sul vambi. cut the eye out of a sup!lu take out by stabbing (e.g. coconut. the head of a boil). sup!fu vambi. pierce boil.
82 South Efate Dictionary sup!neki ta
sup!neki vambi. not know, be sus vintr. suck at the breast. ignorant of, otherwise, use atap See: mimi. tae mau, 'I don't know'. p!kasus adj. woman still breast- sup!otunr vintr. bow one's head in feeding. shame. sus mraknaniu n. fish sp. sup!rai vambi ? stab and break. Goatfish (Goldband, sup!sup!1 n. sea urchin. See: Blackstriped, Yellowbanded). sup!sup!; saofak; nalwaniksu. Upeneus. See: konafnako. sup!sup!2 n. horn of an animal like susa n. jaw harp. a cow or a goat. suskei n. caterpillar. sup!tap! n. punishment. Kupreg suski v. plant, to put a plant in namrun isa, kuwat m!pau, rutuok the ground. sup!tap!. If you do something bad, susu vintr. cradle a child (rock it like killing a man, they will side to side). punish you. susu natog n. Robin (type of sur vambi. take out flesh of bird). coconut, also surlua. suulin Also: suul. n_inposs. surfunfnoi vintr. erase, obliterate. grandchild. See: funfnoi; krakfunfnoi. suul kaaru n. great grandchild. surnaot n. beam, crossbeam at suun vintr. carry on the head. ceiling level of a house. See: suur vambi. cut grass, weed the npou. ground. surosur n. tool for taking coconut suus n. fish sp. Yellowstripe meat out of the shell. goatfish, Yellowfin goatfish. sursap! vintr. miss. Kusursap! napu. Note that the Yellowtail You missed the road (went the barracuda is suspwok. Mullidae. wrong way). See: konafnako. sursur vambi. deceive, pretend to swei n. kitchen, place to prepare do something. Kusursur wou food. nanom na p!afo pa, me kuta pan swit n. banana, lady's finger. mau. You tricked me yesterday saying that you would go, but you didn't go. See: gien; tusur. surwel vambi. replace. T - t ta= pron. we (1st person dual ta1 excl. thanks. See: faftae; inclusive realis Subject). psawi.
South Efate Dictionary 83 ta tafin
ta2 n. aunt, father's sister from the sea. Raru isal mai taasak (mother's sister is iak) Note: eslaor Elkau. The canoe came added to last syllable of some ashore at Elkau passage. names e.g. ta + ana = tana, ta + taasok vambi. hug, hold against the lilo = talo. chest, like a child. ta3 PVC. still. taata 1 v. clear the ground, weed. ta4 Also: tap. PVC. not. Used taata 2 n. father, address term with mau as the second part of (used by members of the kram the negation. Pata! tao man kinrir sea clam naflak). See: tmen; pa mau. Don't let the bird go. apap; gka. taa vintr. wrap a part of the taatan n. burial. See: tan. body, as in wrapping a scarf taatur vambi. meet someone on around the head, e.g., Taa mp!aun their way to your house and ki gkal. come back with them. taag n. seaslug, sea creature that tae vambi. 1) know. Also used is like a seasnail but without a in compounds, e.g., nrogtae shell. See: litot. recognise (hear), mrotae taakot 1 n. axe, curved axe used in understand (know). Go tiawi laap battles. nen kin itaer, gar rupei pe maui taakot 2 v. cut, with an axe matmat. And the many old (taakotkot indicates cutting people that he knew, they had many things). Also: taakotkot. all died before. 2) aux. can, to be taaloof vintr. shake hands. able to. Kano taar itae tafnau ag. taam!anm!aan v. scatter. The whiteman can teach you. taam!el vintr. squat; crouch. See: metmatu. taap!aar n. sin, also used of an act taf vintr. 1) exit, leave. which could be considered 2) diarrhea, have diarrhea. 'sinful'. tafafu vintr. hatch (an egg). taapas vintr. wave, call someone tafesfes vintr. pray. over with a hand gesture. tafiif vintr. 1) boiling, of water taap!es n. swamphen (type of bird). nai itafiif. 2) whirlpool. Porphiryo porphyrio samoensis. tafiif ni nlag n. whirly wind. taap!etu vintr. kneel. 3) bad feeling (idiomatic). taap!os adj. curved. Tafiif ni naflewen gar ni taar 1 adj. 1) white. teetwei ita to. The bad feeling taar 2 vintr. crow. from their fight from long taar 3 v. broke, to not have any ago is still there. money. tafin n. woman servant, slave taasak vintr. come to the shore (archaic).
84 South Efate Dictionary tafnau takto
tafnau vambi. teach. Tem me rait tak= Also: tak. pron. we (1st rutafnau ptaki teesa gar. The person dual inclusive irrealis father and mother teach their Subject). children. See: fnau. tak 1 vambi. husk a coconut. tafra n. 1) whale. 2) bundle of tak 2 n. age-mate, someone the yams, used to take to a feast. same age as you. Tene ipi tak neu. See: nawi. He is my age-mate (he is the tafrafer vintr. disperse. same age as me). taftaf vintr. have diarrhoea. See: tak 3 vambi. kick with your toes; ntafwen; taf. stub your toes; trip. tafusfusrek vintr. whisper. takai= pron. we two (1st person tafut n. fish sp. Hawkfishes (that dual inclusive perfect Subject). travel with big fish). Also takau vambi. trip. identified as Prettyfins. takel vintr. crooked. Pata(p)! tai Cirrhitidae; Plesiopidae. nkas nen itakel/ takelkel mau isa ki tag n. banana, plantain banana nasum!. Don't cut crooked wood, for cooking. See: tagmetkes; it is not good for housebuilding. tagsus; tagmol. takelkel n. millipede. tag vambi. cry, mourn. Itagsi. takerker n. Grey fantail (type of She cries for him. See: tagter. bird). tagiter n. 1) nudibranch, seaslug. takinrog vintr. listen. 2) spirit. An omen of impending takinrog wi vintr. concentrate. death. When you hear the voice taklep n. child, first born. of tagiter calling at sea, someone takmaloput n. child, middle has died. Tagiter is a spirit born. (ntwam). takotp!au n. wreath. — v. cry out (of animals or takrik n. child, last born. devils), a call which is a sign taktaak vintr. 1) sway when that someone will die. See: tag. walking, as when drunk. See: tagmetkes n. banana, cooking tartaar. 2) roll, of a boat in the banana. waves. tagmol n. banana species. taktak 1 n. duck (type of bird). tagralim n. moth sp. Black with taktak 2 n. fish sp. Bird wrasse. white marks. See: mer. Gomphosus varius. See: patru. tagsus n. banana species. taktak ninai n. Australian grey tai 1 n. brother. See: p!al. duck (type of bird). Anas tai 2 vambi. cut, taiktof - cut superciliosa. down. takto n. river eel. See: mra.
South Efate Dictionary 85 takwer taos
takto ninai Also: nmra. n. fish sp. tametpel n. fish sp. Starck's saltwater eel. demoiselle or Blackvent damsel. takwer 1 n. sea-snake, black and Chrysiptera starcki; white. Sea krait. Laticauda Dischistodus melanotus. See: colubrina. naik; nrimen. takwer 2 n. ray sp. Dark ray. tam!ra n. starfish. talag vambi. shine. Ophidiasteridae. talaklak n. whisper. tan vintr. bury. See: ofa; taatan. talau n. yam sp., sweet, has tanre vambi. stir in a circular spines along the ground around motion, unlike walnre which the root. involves stirring from the talel vintr. dodge, avoid. bottom to the top. See: walnre. talgolig n. dizzy. tanu vambi. spit. taligftin n. otitis, inflammation of ntanuen Also: ntanu. n_inposs. the ear. spit. taligme n. fish sp. Surgeonfishes, tanum! vintr. put meat (of any kind, big one is called p!arsor. including seafood) on laplap. Acanthuridae. See: tiftif; wel; Kutanum! nap!kas ipak kapu. You rom!. put meat on the laplap. See: kof. taligter n. White-eyed moray, has tanun v. set, of the moon setting 'ears'. Siderea grisea. (for the sun setting use mtar). talm!at n. garden. Kupepak talm!at See: mtar. ko? Have you been to the garden tao 1 vambi. 1) leave, let go. Patao! or not? man kinrir pa. You let the bird talm!at faum n. newly planted go. Kutao wak kitaf. You let the garden. pig escape. 2) divorce. talm!at tau, talm!at fus n. garden tao 2 vambi. bake. Kefo wasirlu left fallow. namten me tao plak kapu nega me talof vintr. jump out of the way kefo pami . He would take out the of something. warrior's eyes and bake them talpuk n. crowd, group. with his laplap and he would eat taltel n. roll of pandanus (naki) them. Kutao nafnag taus nanr, leaves. After they have been ntal, nawi. You bake food like cured in an earth oven and dried banana, taro, yam. in the sun, the edges are stripped taos vambi. 1) follow. 2) similar and rolled into large (300mm) to. Ga ita taos sisi gamus nam!er rolls. taar mau. It is not like your, tam!as n. halo, ring around the white man's, guns. moon (archaic). taos prep. like.
86 South Efate Dictionary taosikin tasoklas
taosikin like, similar to. turning, or being turned. Itare ki tap 1 adj. taboo, forbidden. Rutu glas. He turned over the glass. san tu, me rukano sil. Itap. Ipiatlak Kutare nanre ni matu gaag. You lo knen ito. They stand there, but turn to your right side. See: nre. they can't go inside. It is taboo. tarim n. armlet, coloured armlet There is a law about it. for a chief. See: leel. tap 2 vintr. lean. Atap nkas. Kineu tarir n. necklace worn by a atap wes. I lean on the wood. I chief. lean on it. tarisal n. driftwood. tapam vintr. carry under the arm. taro n. bird which eats chilli and tapiak Also: tapia. vintr. so its meat is spicy to eat. 1) beginning weaving a mat tarp!ek v. See main entry: tarup!. with crossed pair. 2) lean tarp!otik adj. noisy. something against something, tartaar vintr. walk crooked, like leaning a piece of wood stagger. Anrepagik p!afo tartaar. against the wall. I'll hit you so you will stagger. tap!ir n. tree used to make lak, See: taktak. joints between nsem 'outrigger' tarup! vintr. fall, stumble. Nmalko and nakiat 'crossmember' on a kipe tok tarup! ntan. Darkness was canoe. This is a small tree, less falling on the land. than 10ft tall, also used to make tarp!ek vtr. fall over. Ale ina ilao ki a rough broom. Leaves can be kal altuk ga, ina inri go mpak used to numb the mouth when itarp!ek. So he dug in his you have a toothache. cabbage diggging stick, he tapmarin n. tree sp. Glochidion dug and the banyan tree fell ramiflorum. over. tap!o vintr. capsize, tip over. tas vambi. 1) shave, cut hair tapol vintr. steer a canoe by from skin. 2) take bark off a paddling. See: tlei; wal. tree. tapsik vintr. clean ground. tasai vambi. cut the way through tap!u n. heap, to mound up bush. together or group together e.g. tasal n. basket (pandanus or tap!u nasok, 'heap of rubbish', coconut). See: fuelig; nroog; tap!u natam!ol, 'crowd of people' likat; sp!ol; tip!el; polpol; nlafkir; or tap!u naik, 'school of fish'. napor; sarpotpot. tap!uerkot n. plant sp. used as a tasar n. fish sp. deep sea fish. hedge, leaves eaten. tasil n. chief's assistant, warrior. tarag n. net. tasoklas n. crab's lowest legs tare vintr. turn, as in an object which cover its rear end.
South Efate Dictionary 87 tastes tef
tastes n. plane, spokeshave. kupiatlak nfag kutae mot nfag ki tasur n. king tide. teemotmot. When you have a cut, tatakaal n. plant with flower you put a bandage on it. which opens at 11.00 am, about teemp!alun n. brothers, a group of a foot high, single leaves. brothers (men whose parents are Flower can be used as medicine siblings). when you spit blood. A white teemtakun n. respect variant can be used as a broom. relationship. Used to describe tataras n. plant sp. medicine can the way that one behaved with be made of the leaves. in-laws, for example avoiding tau vintr. bear. Nua nkas rutau being near to them, and using top. Fruit trees bear lots of fruit. the dual form instead of the taulu vambi. marry, of a man singular when talking to an in- marrying a woman. See: lak; law (e.g. akam rakmai fam 'you tousok; ptour. (dual) come and eat'). (Tokelau taum!of vintr. sacrifice. Takau recalls this from her taurua n. fish sp. Whitespotted youth but it is no longer surgeonfish. Acanthurua practised). striatus; Acanthurus olivaceous. teemtmen n. father and his child. tausees n. baby. See: teesa; nanin. teesa n. child. A daughter or a tauso vintr. commit adultery. girl is teesa nmatu and a son or a te- (from: te-) det. article, used to boy is teesa nanwei. See: nan; make nouns out of adjectives tausees. and verbs, like temlaap from teesa sees n. child, baby. mlaap, 'last', means 'the last one'. teesa nanwei n. boy, son. teemakoren Also: teemakor. teesa napu n. bastard, illegitimate n_inposs. sisters, group of sisters child (lit. 'child of the road'). (including women whose Nmatu nen ipan skot nanwei parents are siblings). prakot ipiatlak teesa napu. A teemat n. corpse. See: naat mat. woman who goes with any man teem!iit n. balls, testicles. See: has a bastard child. polon; p!ura; tep!al; tep!al. teesa nmatu n. girl, daughter. prep. . teem!okm!ok n. dentist. teetwei before Teetwei tiawi rutaptae man ni nmalfa mau. teem!ol n. animal (generic), creature. Me imrokina teem!ol taos Before, the old people did not
kori ko itefla. And he thought it have aeroplanes. vambi. 1) cut, small cut. was an animal, like a dog or tef 1 something like that. 2) circumcise. See: mas. vambi. teemotmot n. bandage. Selwan tef 2 carve (wood, or
88 South Efate Dictionary tef tfale
meat). tepei adj. 1) first. Komam kin upi tef 3 vintr. call of the Kingfisher, tepei nen usil skul. We were the it brings luck if you hear it. first to leave school. 2) eldest, tefkau n. mat, made from coconut firstborn. 3) most important. Me leaf, used for walls of houses. tepei knen gawnkia atli, koperesen tefla adv. similar. m!as. But the most important of tefra vintr. line up, put things in a them is the one I talked about, line. just cooperation. See: pei. tego dem. that. teplag adj. warped. tekatpi n. meat, any kind. Refers tep!las n. coconut wadding, the to meat needed to balance a split coconut from which one meal which is otherwise has taken the germinated vegetables. coconut. tekor n. shield, made of wood. tep!lasnakin Also: tep!lasnak. See: siil 2. n_inposs. fingernail. teleekor n. guard, person who tepsirsir n. toy, plaything. guards something. ter 1 v. throw, backhanded telele n. television , glasses (lit: throw. the thing to look at or with). ter 2 vambi. iron. telit v. explode, light up. ter 3 vintr. glide, as of a bird. telomlom n. camera. ter 4 v. warning that someone tus ni telomlom n. photo album. will die called out by the spirit tem!anrogon adj. alone, on their called Tagiter. See: tagiter. own. Kineu atem!anrogon m!as to. I termau adv. for good. Me tetenrak stayed alone. See: kineu skei. rapregi nen kin kefo mat. Kefo mat tem!rak v. establish, build, erect. termau. But sometimes they tenag dem. that. See: tenen. made him die. He would die for tenen dem. that. See: tenag. good. teni prep. of, belonging to. tet n. sister (address term). Sernale nen rupi teni naut. tetau n. small baby. Everything here belongs to the tete Also: te. quantifier. some. boss. Teni fei. whose? belonging tete mal; tete nrak. sometime. tete to whom? naur. someplace. tenrtenr vintr. sleep walk, talk in tetrasfiu n. shellfish sp. Astraea your sleep. rhodostoma. tep! adj. empty; dried up, as tfa n. thunder. rivers do. tfag vambi. build, pile up. tep!al n. balls, testicles. See: plon; tfale 1 interrog. how. Imap!or tfale? p!ura; teem!iit. How did it break?
South Efate Dictionary 89 tfale tilmaar
tfale 2 interrog. which. house. 3) ridge made next to tfarer vintr. break, of waves laplap to prevent things falling breaking on the shore. See: into the laplap. 4) shield, made mlag. of wood. tfarfar n. fat, grease. tiip! vintr. 1) lean on a walking tfei See main entry: tef. stick. 2) push a boat along with tgof vambi. push away, to get up a pole. off something and pushing away tiisoksok adj. crowded; be full (as from it. Kutgof m!iit. You get up of a fat person); be full (as of a from the mat. basket). tia vambi. turn; stretch oneself. tik 1 vintr. bang, noise of Patia! nkas keleg. Turn the wood something sudden. See: nres. (on the fire) to make it straight tik 2 vintr interject. 1) no, nothing. (for a spear). Patmok! tiak. Stretch Itik ki namrun. There is nothing. yourself. 2) not have. Rutik ki nfaktanwen tiawi n. ancestors, old people. toklos tiawi. They don't respect Ntag ni teetwei tiawi rupi atlak their elders. nam!olien wi. In past generations tik 3 Also: tk. v. 1) fight. Kafo tik the old people had a good life. ag I will fight you. 2) have sex tiei vintr. start weaving. with, literally to bang. Ipan tki tiel vintr. laugh loudly. sanie. He is going to have sex tien vintr. pregnant (of animals) there. and derogatory if used of ftik vintr. sex, to have sex with. people. See: plak. Use ftik instead of tki to tifli iskei num. hundred, one avoid embarrassment. hundred. Usage: euphemistic. tiftif n. fish sp. Butterflyfishes tikfu vambi. split, as in a nut or and some Angelfishes. Note that hard fruit. See: pkafu. any fish with long dorsal fins tiktik n. shellfish sp. shellfish, can be called nlae: sail, hence like a trochus, but green. tiftif nlae for Bannerfish. til vambi. say, tell. Amur kanrik mus Chaetodontidae; ki na katil nalenan. I want to tell Pomacanthidae. See: map!eriat; you that I am telling the truth. taligme. Kukano lek teesa itil nafsan sa. tiftif wel rom Surgeon fish sp. You can't see a child swearing tigpiel vintr. exchange. (saying bad language). See: pes; tigtig vintr. hop. na. tiikor n. 1) fence, small fence to tilmaar n. shellfish sp. Hebrew keep animals out. 2) wall of Cone, cone shellfish,
90 South Efate Dictionary tilm!ar tlas
distinguished by black squared nroog; likat; sp!ol; tasal; polpol; marking. Also identified as nlafkir; napor; sarpotpot. Nielsen's Cone. Conus ebraeus; tip!ot n. picture. Tip!ot ipi nan Conus nielsenae. natam!ol. The picture is a photo tilm!ar vintr. spin. of a man. See: nan. tilm!ori v adj. tell truth, honest, to tiptip v. choose. Kineu atiptip wak be honest. Ag nen kuto m!eltig ki ne. I choose this pig. See: mtalu. tiawi, kufla psir ko kuflatilm!ori, me tir vintr. 1) fish from a boat. kufnrog natrauswen. You who are Kafan tir ur elau. I will go fishing close to the old people, you may in the sea. See: oraik. 2) put lie or you may tell the truth, but something into a container. you would have heard the tit vintr. dry by sun light. stories. Itapi natrauswen tilm!ori tkal vambi. touch. It is not a true story. mau. tkalnrog vambi. feel around, feel tilsa v. criticise. by touching. tilsei v. 1) admit, declare, tkanwan excl. so, that's the way, announce. Atilsei nafte kin apregi how. Tkanwan kin kutae pes ki isa. I admit that what I did was Erakor? How come you can no good. Kutilsei nasaiseiwen p!ur speak Erakor language? ni natokon. You announce it to a tkapir vambi. comb. big meeting in the village. tkar vintr. take something that 2) prophesy. someone gives you. tilsoksok v. promise. tkarkaar adj. restless, can't stop tilusus v. 1) describe. 2) talk badly quiet. of someone, run someone down. tkas n. rooster (type of bird). timen n. arrow. Paslat! nas mai, tkau 1 n. 1) fish hook. mep!afotuk ki timen. You take the namet tkau n. eye of the fish bow and then shoot with the hook.
arrow. — vambi. 2) fish, to fish. 3) used tipaaru vintr. give birth, bear a by a man as an expression for child. Selwan nmatu ipiatlak teesa catching a woman. Usage: ito nap!len, imaos top, me selwan idiomatic. itipaaru, p!kal kin, go ipo nrogo iwi. tkau vambi. cut, e.g. grass with a When a woman is pregnant it is 2 scythe. hard work, but when the baby is tkau vambi. pull, e.g. on the born she feels good. 3 trigger of a rifle (tkau sisi). tip!ek n. Boobook owl (type of tlai vintr. warm oneself at a fire. bird). tlas vambi. enough, to be. tip!el n. basket type. See: fuelig;
South Efate Dictionary 91 tlei togtogm!it
tlei vintr. steer canoe by holding utmom tumam nafnag. We gave paddle still in the water. See: ourselves food. tapol; wal. tmotum vintr. knock, e.g. on a tm!a vambi. point, show by door. finger. tnol vambi. swallow. tm!alu vintr. depart. tnolsa choke. tm!an n. stick, used as the drill tnus vintr. sting, to be stinging, stick in for fire making. Use a an insect bite stings. See: sup!. hard wood, for example nap!lel. to vambi. 1) stay. Ito America mai. He Nmatupes is wood used by is coming from America / He is women to start fire, nam!ernra is here having come from wood used by men to start fire. America. The base piece of wood does not — aux. 2) habitual, used with an have a name. activity that occurs habitually. tm!anruk n. 1) blister. Selwan 3) progressive, used with an kutai nam!nam! tm!anruk ipakor. ongoing activity. When you cut grass blisters — dirpart. 4) at (directional come out. 2) shellfish sp. chiton. particle). Follows a location Polyplacophora. Ipi atlak specified by the verb. Amer ler tm!anruk nen itok elau ito pulsok mai to esum! to. I came back to fat. There's a chiton in the sea stay at home. that sticks to rocks. tof 1 vambi. push. Atof nkas. I tmat adj. 1) calm, no wind. push the wood. Atofi. I push him. 2) peace. See: kis. tmawot n. couple, husband and tof 2 n. fish sp. Rabbitfish. wife, two spouses. Siganidae. See: fser; tofkas; tmen Also: tem. n_inposs. father, sm!os. father's brother. See: apap; gka; tofkas n. fish sp. Peppered tata. rabbitfish or Coral rabbitfish. tm!en n. laplap, individual pieces Siganidae. on a leaf. tog n. foreign place. Jack tmo PVC. reflexive, reciprocal. Kalon says tog is from the Used to indicate either an action mangrove (natog) pod which a person performs on themself, floats around and goes to or an action performed by more different places. than one person on others. It is togtog n. yam, red, white, big, formed by using tmo / tme in the small (togtogm!it) etc. preverbal complex and then the togtogm!it n. yam sp, also direct possesive suffix. Komam togtogmiel, togtogtar.
92 South Efate Dictionary tok totoluk
tok vambi. burn. Aton ki lop rupitkaskei. I measure tokape n. Green-winged ground the bamboo, they are the same. dove (type of bird). too n. fowl (type of bird). Chalcophaps indica. too mil n. wild fowl (big name). toklau n. wind from the sea. See: too nmatu n. hen. lagsu. too ses n. chicken. tokleg vintr. wake up; get up. too waipit n. chicken with toklos vambi. facing, in front of, ruffled feathers, or whose with regard to, about. Rutik ki feathers aren't straight. nfaktanwen toklos tiawi. They took n. adze, narrow adze used don't have respect in front of the for cutting out the inside of a old people Teetwei perkati canoe. See: limur kram p!el. ipiatlak nafkal toklos nanre nig toopup! vintr. full mouth. ntan. Very long ago there were toor n. shellfish sp. Pearl Oyster fights about the issue of land. (general term). Pteriidae. See: toknak vintr. prepare. Kutoknak flefil; ruum. nafnag. You prepare the food. toos vintr. slip, drag. See: aliat toknak 'Saturday'. top vintr adj. 1) big, much. toknimakil n. yam sp, shaped like Nlaken naskulwen itap top malpei a bottle, small at the top and wan mau. Because there wasn't large at the base. much schooling in those days. tokomai n. cricket. Iwi top. It is very good. 2) swell tokor vambi. block. Nkas itarup! (also toptop). Kupregi ketop. you itokor napu. The tree fell and make it big, enlarge it. blocked the road. See: kor. topi n. Vanuatu white-eye (type tol 1 num. three. of bird). Zosterops flavifrons. katol adj. third. tor vambi. fill with liquid. tol 2 vambi. pass. Kineu akraksok toreki Also: torik. vambi. wait. naik atol ag. I caught more fish tortor n. 1) heat. 2) steam. than you. Me utol Janweri go torwak vintr. anchor. komam Limaas ramer nag rakfan totan Also: toktan. vintr. 1) sit. saofir. After January, Limaas and 2) land, come ashore. I wanted to go and visited them. toto vintr. grope, in a place you tolu v. turn your back on can't see in, like in a basket, or someone. in the dark. tom vambi. suck (e.g. lolly in totogmal n. fish sp. Reef mouth). Teesa itom nasu magko. needlefish, garfish, red mouth. The child sucks the mango juice. Strongylura incisa. ton vintr. compare; measure. totoluk vintr. turn your back on
South Efate Dictionary 93 totur traus
someone. See: nap!rai; tukmel; makol; totur vambi. 1) go through, e.g., a nafakton. door. Ipiatlak nai sees iskei ien fat traf vambi. dig. See: kil. nen ga itotur pa. There is a small trafseo v. dig a hole to plant in. spring in that rock that goes trai vambi. grate, using kai shell, through it. 2) via, by means of, or skitrai for coconuts. See: maa. as in via a letter. Kumur na trakap n. fish sp. Squirrelfish p!aweswes me p!apauskin totur (Threespot squirrelfish and natus. You want to work so you similar). Holocentridae. See: ask in (by means of) a letter (of sreniu. application). trakp!og v. walk about at night. tousok vambi. marry, of the pastor Tefsofus ni mees ru murin trakp!og. marrying the couple. Nmatu go Young people today want to nanwei ruto tousok kir. The walk about at night. woman and man married each tralosak vintr. on one's back, be. other. Rupaptais, go rutousok trapelpel vintr. hurry, to go natam!ol. They baptised and they quickly. See: pelpel. married people. See: lak; ptour. trares n. sugarcane, type of green tp!ak adj. frizzy (hair). cane. tp!au n. main one, the head one trau preverbal modifier. 1) seems, of a group. See: p!au. looks. Followed by an adjective: tp!er1 n. fence, big fence for cows itrau sa it looks bad, itrau miel it or horses. looks red; or verb: itrau mur. tp!er2 vintr. break, as of a wave on Mees itrau sa nlag kefo wat kerkrai. the beach. Today is awful, the wind will tp!il vambi. burn, light (as in blow us away. Ag kutrau wi ki fire), blow up. kineu. You seem good to me. tp!okor vambi. stop someone Ratrau mtak. They seem scared. doing something. 2) very, really (intensifier). tp!olu vambi. send someone to take Tupitlak grup rutrau laap. We a message. Atp!oluok. I send a have very many groups. 3) just, message to you. See: tp!ek. only. Ko ga ifla murin na ketao tp!osok v. push hard against an tete nanromien ses, ikano trau leg object, like a tree or a rock. mai tao. And if he wanted to give tp!otunr v. nod one's head. See: me a present, he couldn't just tunr. come straight out and give it to tp!otur v. pray, say prayers before me. going to sleep. See: lot. traus vambi. tell. See: puserek; til; traares n. sugarcane sp. red one. pes.
94 South Efate Dictionary tro tup!
tro v. flow, bleed. See: ser. nap!rai; traares; makol; nafakton. trok vintr. 1) agree. Akam naat tuktau vambi. wipe. rapreg natrokwen nen rakfreg tul vintr. sway, in the wind or namrun. You make an in the water. To rock something agreement that you will do back and forth (e.g. tul ki teesa something. 2) amen. Selwan kulot to rock the child). Also used to mai pak nametp!agon nafsan describe the motion of your kutrok. At the end of your prayer head as you nod off to sleep. you say amen. tuleg vintr. stand, arise. Patuleg/! tu= pron. we (1st person plural tokleg me p!afa. You get up then inclusive realis Subject). Syn: you go. tui=. tuluk n. tuluk, a small parcel of tu1 v. stand up, to stand. cassava wrapped around meat tu2 vditr. give (note that 'give and covered in leaves, cooked in me' is tao). Tuer rukmin. Give an earth oven. Typically small them drink. Patuakin.! You give it enough to hold in the hand. to him. Ag p!afo tao nai kamin. tum! vambi. 1) aim, point with You give me water to drink. finger. Kutum! man na p!asi. You Kineu kafotuok nai p!amin. I give aim at the bird in order to shoot you water to drink. See: ptu; sai; it. 2) vintr. erect, be erect, of a naftuan. penis. ptu vintr. give. See: tu. tunr vintr. bow. tuaal vintr. stay for the whole tuntun adj. delicious. Nafnag day, as at a funeral. ituntun wi. The food tastes good. tue vintr. make, as in making tuntun v. wobbly texture such as tools, or a house, or craft. But jelly or the fat of someone's fat not used of cloth or mats which belly. Mp!agon ituntun his bottom would use tur 'to sew'. is really wobbly tuei adj. long time, old. tup!1 Also: tp!. vambi. 1) hit, tui= pron. we (1st person plural punch, when used without ki. inclusive perfect Subject). Syn: 2) shoot (arrow). Tukfan tup!. tu=. Let's go shoot fish. 3) tuk vambi. carry on the back, — prep. until, in the sense of like a child, or firewood; tow 'shoot to the time'. Rupatok naur behind, like a canoe. ses kin go rupo mer pes preg tuk= Also: tuk. pron. we (1st natam!ol rulap pan pan tup! ntag ni person plural inclusive irrealis mees nen. They went to the small Subject). island and there started to be tukmel n. sugarcane sp. See: many people until this
South Efate Dictionary 95 tup! up!lim
generation. See: ftup!. 4) achieve, go us kefo merler wo. The old get to. Ipan lfek ki Franis imai imai people say that if it rains and pak esa ale itup! na metotel ga. He stops then the rainbow appears. went around France, then came Don't point at the rainbow back here and became a maître otherwise it will start to rain d'hotel. again. tup!2 v. prop, support a tree tur 1 vambi. 1) drill. Pagos ito(k) branch by placing a prop of tur p!rai nkas. The beetle drills wood under it. and breaks the wood. 2) sew, tup!ek vambi. send. Iwel kafla tp!eki sew thatch, bind fish together tete teesa kefa neu preg talm!at, me into a bundle (ntur). See: ntur. kineu kafo mas gar kuk. If I send tur 2 n. fish sp. Flagtail. some children to work the Kuhliidae. garden for me, I will have to tur 3 vintr. leak. cook for them. Nanre ni Franis tusur v. tease, annoy. See: sursur. kafman go ipiatlak nafkal nen ito tut 1 vambi. tie knot; tie a band of Emlakul go itp!ekir pak Emlakul. cloth around the chest in which On the French government side to carry a baby. See: natut there was a fight in Malakula 'appointment'. and it sent them to Malakula. tut 2 vintr. drown. See: m!or. See: tp!olu. tuumas n. yam sp. tup!er n. fence, larger than lak, for tuup!ur n. elephantiasis,' fat leg'. bigger animals, like cattle. See: lak. tup!roor n. ant sp. red ant. tuput n. rainbow. Tiawi runa ifwel kin us iwo pan ina kesin, tuput ina ipakor. Pata! tm!a mai. Ifwel kutm!a U - u u= pron. 1) you (2nd person plural is growing in the way it should realis Subject). 2) we (1st person and is healthy. plural exclusive RealS). ululu adj. hairy. ui= pron. we (1st person plural up!lim n. The fifth day after a exclusive perfect Subject). person dies (up!lim), the day their ulikokon n. gall bladder. body changes. The five days are ulin n_inposs. bladder. observed by relatives eating ulu v. grow well, of a plant that together. Rupak malep panpan
96 South Efate Dictionary ur wal
up!lim. They mourn together until userek vintr. go around. the fifth day. usog vintr. concentrate, to be ur1 n. lobster. determined, to focus on urtaiak n. large crayfish or something. Kafo usog nawesien lobster. neu. I will concentrate on my ur2 vintr dirpart. along, go along. work. Usiwer preg nawesien ur ser uti n. skink with a blue tail. natkon We walked around doing utikaro n. skink, grey coloured. work along each village. Ipestaf uum n. 1) oven. 2) Name of a aslen nen kin ruur ser nagis. He constellation, the Pleiades. told his friends that they should uum! vintr. clear a garden patch. go along each point. uus n. fish sp. Orangespine ures n. fish sp. Wrasse, Sixbar unicornfish. Naso lituratus. See: Wrasse? raeru; naum. us n. rain. uut vambi. pour water. us walep n. heavy rain. us vambi. follow; track. W - w waal v. 1) gouge a hole in vine. something (not right through wair n. 1) tree sp. Pangi. it). 2) scoop, to scoop Pangium edule. 2) rattle made something out, to poke from the seed pods of the tree something. Awaal rakum ki wair. masmes ses pak nap!lau nkas. I wak n. pig. Sus scrota. See: poke a crab in the hole in the pwok; klet. tree with a knife. Awaal wit pak wakmakur n. fish sp. Drummers. nam!lau fat skot masmes sees. I Kyphosidae. poke the octopus in a stone hole wal vintr. control a canoe, with a knife action of the person at the back waalu vambi. take off, take out. of the canoe who controls the Walu gkal. Take off one's direction. Also used to refer to clothes. that person. Ag kuwal raru. You waf vintr. swim. See: los. control the canoe. See: tapol; wailu n. yam sp, said to be from tlei; sman. New Caledonia, kinds include: wal 1 n. nation, team, group of wailu imnam!on, yellow one; people. white one. Has prickles on its walp!tae enemy.
South Efate Dictionary 97 walnre welu
walgakit n. allies, our allies. throat. walnre See: tanre. v. stir wasket n. moustache. Me wasket something from the bottom to ga ipram mai pak etan tepla. But the top, unlike tanre which his moustache was long, went involves circular (horizontal) to the ground like this. From: stiring. English 'whiskers'. walsem! v. chew, grind. wat vambi. hit. Naat ruwat naat walu n. squid; cuttlefish. The napu ruwatgi imat. They cuttlefish bone is called a pot ni attacked the man on the road walu (the cuttlefish's boat). and killed him. Selwan kumaet ki wam vintr. heal. Nfag kipe wam. naat kuwatgi. When you are The sore is healed. cross with someone you hit wamos vambi. tatoo. them. wanaar n. fish sp. Monocle watpun vambi. kill. See: krakpun. breams and Spinecheeks. watiam n. kidney. Nemipteridae. watnru v. play around. Iwatnru ki wanru n. Least Frigatebird. (type tau sees. He plays with the little of bird). Known as 'pikinini child. blong Adanman', when it flies weel n. fish sp. fish, keeps there will be a cyclone. It is company of map!er. Has black said to 'swallow the wind'. and white markings. Convict warik adj quantifier. few. See: surgeonfish? Acanthurus nrfaal. triostegus. warof n. fish sp. Emperor fish. wel like, thus. Rupausi iwel m!iit Lethrinus spp. rumotsoki nater nasum!. They was adj. burned, to be burned. weave it like a mat, they tie it to wasau n. Rufous-brown pheasant the walls of the house. Go iwel dove (type of bird). It hides and kin kufmer ur lakun p!afo pam!orin is hard to find. When it calls out na Ewenesu ipiatlak nawen itop. it is burying a wild yam. And so if you go along the Macropygia mackinlayi. lagoon you will see at Ewenesu wasem v. stay close to, as in a there is a lot of sand. child who stays close to its welkin Also: welkia. interject. thus. parents. Ratmer wasem top. See: kia. Those two hang around each welu vambi. help, assist. Selwan other too much. rupus naat ipi np!aukit rukfopus waser vintr. cough, clear one's tekaru nen iwelua ataf preg
98 South Efate Finderlist welwel wo
nawesien. When they make a the work might go for half a man the chief they make day. another man help his assistant. — n. duty, job, labour. See: welwel n. clothes, hand-me- weswes; nawesien. down clothes. wes 4 vintr. reply. wenr n. 1) bed. See: nawol. weswes vintr. work. Rutik ki kram. 2) shelter for seedling yams. Rutik ki sernale fserser. Me 3) copra dryer. ruweswes. They had no axes. wer pron. them (3rd person They had none of that different plural Object). stuff. But they worked. See wes 1 there, at that place. Eswan main entry: wes. asrafwes kia. That's where I wi adj. good. Iwi ko? How's it missed my chance. Ale, Katapel going? (literally 'good or'). ipak elag isol kai, ipak esan kin fat Teetwei iwi. Pret kupaktofi, wan itkos. So Katapel goes up and vatu. In the old days it was gets shellfish, she goes to where good. You could buy bread for there is a rock. one vatu. Selwan ruslat sernale wes 2 vambi. take, carry pak naur iskei, iwi top. When something small. Itok kai wes they take everything to one tuluk nen mai. He stayed and place it is very good. Nanromien took the tuluk. Komam ramer gaag iwi top. Your present is tuer tete nanromien ses. Rumer very good. negar wesi pan tuer kin. We gave wik n. week. them some small presents. They wim!esm!es adj. excellent. See: then took some to give to them. top. Ifwel kin uftaos namroan neu, go wit n. octopus. Octopodidae. kafo weslu apil nen apregi to. Kafo wit ni to n. brittle star, eaten by withdraw ki. If we follow my chickens at the sea. Ophiothrix way, I will take out the appeal purpurea. that I have lodged (in the wo vintr. fall, as in rain. Ga, court). I will withdraw it. See: kipe pei leka barometer nega siti; slat. nag,"Wik faum go us kefo wo." Ipi wes 3 vambi. work. Rufla mai nlaken tiawi rufafat wes. He first pakor pulp!og, rufla wes pan... looked at his barometer and nawesien pan ipi kotfak aliat. said, "Next week rain will fall." They might come in the That is why the old people morning, they might work ... believed him.
South Efate Finderlist 99 woi wou
woi n. pudding made with wor vintr. look, appear. Wor wi breadfruit and green coconut. 'to look nice', worp!onp!et, See: napos. worp!tae'to look different'. wol vintr. flatten leaves to make woro adj. brown. Nkas iworo. The a plate or a mat. Pawolki! nrau wood is brown. reki kapu. You flatten the plate wos n. back tooth. for laplap. wou pron. me (1st person wolul vintr. pull your legs back singular Object). (e.g. so someone can pass). woor vintr. noise of two trees rubbing together.
100 South Efate Finderlist abalone anus
Finderlist
English to South Efate
A - a abalone ...... kaiaraskei. albino ...... atat. abort ...... kispun. alcohol ...... nai kokon, see: nai. above ...... elag. alike ...... pitkaskei . absent ...... lalu; puel . all mau1 . accompany ...... plak1; ptaan; ptan. allies ...... walgakit, see: wal1. act gien. almond ...... naage; ntali. active ...... polkirkir. alone ...... tem!anrogon. adam's apple ...... npatnkafik. along ...... ur2. add ...... skar. altar ...... potut; putut . admire ...... lewi. always ...... sernrak. adopt ...... p!as1. ambidextrous ...... arworksu. adult ...... p!afp!of. amen ...... trok . adze ...... kram p!el; limur; took. ancestors ...... tiawi. aeroplane ...... man ni nmalfa. anchor ...... namtau; torwak. after ...... me1; ntakun. and ...... go; me1. afterbirth? ...... naal ni teesa. Anemone ...... mpaklep; nrimen. afternoon ...... kotfan. anger ...... nmaeto. again ...... mer1. angry ...... ftin ; maet. against ...... ktekit; putkau. animal ...... teem!ol. age-mate ...... tak2. ankle ...... nlaknait. agree ...... trok . ant, black ant ...... kanr. aim, point with finger ...... tum! . ant sp...... funre. air nlag. anus ...... napsin; nselpot.
South Efate Finderlist 101 any barnacle
any ...... p!rakot . as for ...... reki . anybody ...naat p!rakot, see: naaten. ascend ...... pakelag; sak3. apart ...... em!ae . ashamed ...... malier. appear ...... paakor. ashes ...... naton . appointment ...... natut. ask ...... paos; ptal. arch of foot ...... nalnatuen. ask.IR ...... faos. argue ...... psaplil. assemble ...... paakruk; pakruk. argue:IR ...... fsaplil. asthma ...... marom!iit. arise ...... tuleg. astride, be ...... paatlakor. arm ...... narun. at to . armlet ...... tarim. aunt ...... ta2. armpit ...... nafen. avocado ...... afoka. arrange ...... puspta. avoid .. lelkau; lelu; maltotae; plos3. arrive ...... paakor. away ...... em!ae . arrow ...... timen. awhile ...... mal sees, see: mal1. arrow for killing birds...... kuf1. axe ...... kram1; taakot1. arrowroot ...... napeenr . as malnen . B - b back ...... nakoinrok; ntakun. balls ...... tep!al. back tooth ...... wos. balls, testicles ...... teem!iit. backward ...... skosuk. bamboo ...... lop. bad ...... mla; sa2 ; sa, see: sa2. banana nametmetmiel; nanr2; nanra; bad behaviour ...folfol sa, see: folfol; nanrmem pot; nanrmem swit. polsa . banana sp. pia; pili; tagmol; tagsus. bad teeth ...... npatsoru. banana sp. for cooking . nametmet. bag ...... pek. banana sp. lady's finger banana bail (water) ...... saulu...... swit. bailer ...... nies. bandage ...... teemotmot. bait ...... fgan. bang ...... tik1. bake ...... tao2. bank ...... nasum! ni faat, see: nasum!. balance ...... pitkaskei . banyan ...... mpak. bald ...... p!au m!aalm!aal, see: m!aal; baptise ...... prei . p!aukaplat. barb ...... fatkao. bald patch ...... p!aum!osu. bark nasoknkas, see: nasokon; nrp!ei. bale ...... sao. barnacle ...... kainintas.
102 South Efate Finderlist barracuda blow
barracuda ...... menal. belt ...... nap!lai. basket ..... fuelig; likat; naal; napor; bely ...... nap!elen. nlafkir; nroog; polpol; sarpotpot; bend ...... map!el; nrook; p!el2. sp!ol; tasal; tip!el. berry, wild ...... krusperi. bat ...... purkum. beside ...... nanre wes, see: nanre. battle ...... nafkal. between ...... nmaota . bêche-de-mer ...... litot. :BI ...... fag2; koo. be pi1. big ...... lep; p!ur; top . be at ...... pato; ptau. bind ...... mot. be at.IR ...... fato. bird ...... man1; manim!at. be, to be ...... piatlak . bird, blackbird .man got, see: man1. be unconscious ...... matmal. bird, Incubator bird ...... mlau. be well ...... nrogtiawi. bird sp ...... farfar1. beach ...... nmalnawen. bird sp...... pepelau; taro. beam ...... narom; surnaot. bird sp. Vanuatu white-eye ... topi. beam, crossbeam ...... nkaspeltakot; bird sp. Waxbills, Mannekins raus...... sfirmer. bear ...... of3 ; tau. bird sp. Whimbrel ...... sfiu. beard, body hair ...... nalun. bite ...... kat2. because ...... nlaken2. bits ...... nafer. because of ...... kat1; paareki. bitter ...... kookon. bed ...... nawol; wenr . black ...... got. beehive .....nasum! ni pi, see: nasum!. black ant ...... kanr. beer ...... nai latlat, see: nai. black palm ...... nma. beetle ...... frap!o; pagos. Blackbean tree ..... nap!oi1; nkasgot. beetle, rhinocerus beetle ...... p!aas. Blackspot snapper ...... malogot. before ...... malpei; teetwei. bladder ...... ulin. beg ...... fraa. blade ...... nsilfer. behave ...... folfol. bland ...... p!arp!aar. behave well ...... polwi. blank ...... p!al. behaviour ...... nafolflon. bleed ...... mra2. behind inrok; nakoinrok; ntakun, see: blind ...... pare2. ntakun; saspe. blink ...... p!il; p!ilmet, see: p!il. be:IR ...... fi. blister ...... tm!anruk . believe ...... faafat; sralesok. block ...... tokor. belly ...... nap!len. blood ...... nran. below ...... paketan . blow ...... sisi2; si, see: sisi2.
South Efate Finderlist 103 blow hard burned
blow hard ...... fuu1. break ...enkot; kamp!or; krakp!orp!or; blow one's nose ...... nrafi. kraktof; laokot; laop!or; mlag; blue ...... mlakes. p!afu; p!or ; tfarer; tp!er2. blunt ...... p!ool. break everything ...... p!orp!or. boar ...... pwok. break wood in the bush, like a pig boast ...... pesp!ur. running through the bush . plak body ...... nam!olin. p!orp!or, see: p!orp!or. body/outside of house ...... nam!ol breast ...... naisun . nasum!, see: nam!olin. breastfeed ...... mimi; p!kasus. boil ...... nmak2; nmanuk. breath ...... nmaron. boiling ...... tafiif . breathe ...... mar . bone ...... naustap; ntawotin. breathe out ...... lainmar, see: lai. Boobook owl ...... tip!ek. bride ...... nmatu lak. border ...... nmakot. bridegroom ...... kano lak, see: lak4. born ...... paakor. brideprice ...... naro. boss ...... naot. bridge ...... narfaat . both ...... ranru. bring ...... slati mai, see: slat. bottom ...... napsin. brittle star ...... wit ni to. bottom stones of an oven faat ftak, broke, penniless ...... taar3. see: faat. broken ... makot; map!or; map!rap!or, bougainvillea ...... anisakel. see: map!or. bougna ...... p!ook. brood ...... p!okor . boundary ...... nmakot. broom ...... nier. bow ...... nas1; nrook; tunr. brother ...... tai1. bow one's head in shame sup!otunr. brother-in-law ...... maariktaku. bowlegged ...... pakankan. brown ...... woro. box ...... pokes. Brown booby ...... mantas. Box crab ...... arm!afaf. bubble ...... nafut. Box jellyfish ...... litas. bud ...... naserin ; pukok. bracelet, rolled pandanus leaves build ...... tfag...... leel. bullock's penis ...... naut puluk, see: bract ...... serpal. nautin. brain ...... naknraen. bunch ...... nam!aniu. brake ...... kamsok. bundle ...... furfur; nmot. branch ...... nra nkas . burial ...... taatan. bread ...... kapunmarteu . burn ...fag2; paan ; pankot; tok; tp!il. breadfruit ...... naptam. burned ...... was.
104 South Efate Finderlist burst chicken
burst ...... maaf. bushfire ...... nasiin. bury ...... ofa; tan. but ...... me1. bush ...... mpakus; namlas; nkari. butterfly ...... lipep. bush bash ...... nraf2. Butterfly fish ...... naik man. bush nut ...... napkor. buttocks ...... mp!agon . Bush Nut tree ...... nafil. buy ...... paakot2. bush with red berries ...... naisig. C - c cabbage ...... altuk. cassia wilt ...... metmatur1. calf ...... nmalnatuen. cassis ...... parik1. calf of leg ...... nlasopuk natuen. cast spell ...... laglaga. call ...... sos2. catch ...... kraksok; puetsok ; skof. call ; Kingfisher ...... tef3. catch (as in sickness) ...... su1. call out ...... pios. caterpillar ...... suskei. call out:IR ...... fios. caulk ...... sm!ol. calm ...... tmat . cave ...... erfale. calm (of the sea) ...... m!aler. cavity in the top of a canoe luksal, camera ...... telomlom. see: luk. cane ftok; nap!rai ; nap!rairei; trares. cell ...... nasum! malik, see: nasum!. cane, wild cane ...... naus. cement ...... naton . canoe ...... raru; raru m!ol, see: raru. cemetary ...... emat. can't swim ...... puup. centipede ...... nmraksul. capsize ...... tap!o. change ...... plim. captain ...... naot. change clothes ...... nkalwel. car ...... loto. channel ...... nslawos. care for ...... nrokof; pkal2. charcoal ...... nam!elfer. care for, watch over ...... maturkor. chase ...... kop ; p!as2. caress ...... solsla . chase fish ...... fkop. carpenter ...... mtakseu. chat ...... puserek. carry .. mos; of3 ; p!aunamru; sikpol; cheap ...... paketan . sip!ol; siti; slasol; tuk. cheek ...... napun. carry basket ...... freg. cheep ...... fesfes. carry on head ...... suun. chest ...... nanrum!en. carry under the arm ...... tapam. chew ...... walsem!. carve ...... tef2. chew (kava) ...... sm!ai. cassava ...... maniot. chicken ...... too ses, see: too.
South Efate Finderlist 105 chicken's cry as it lays coconut sprout
chicken's cry as it lays ....p!otp!otak. climb with feet and hands chief ...... naot...... pagtketig. chiefliness ...... nafinaotan. climb.IR ...... fag. chief's assistant, warrior ...... tasil. cling ...... kelsok. chief's wives ...... narup!. clitoris ...... npatsfir. child .. nanin1; sul; teesa; teesa sees, close ...... m!eltig; pnut1. see: teesa. close eyes ...... p!ilp!il, see: p!il. child, first born ...... taklep. close one's mouth, refuse to drink child, last born ...... takrik...... kat soksok npatin, see: kat2. child, middle born ...... takmaloput. cloth ...... nkal. child not growing much ...... sok2. clothes ...... welwel. chilli ...... siil1. cloud ...... nmalko ; ntaenlag. chin ...... nasin1. cloud, storm cloud ..namalko ni us. chiton ...... tm!anruk . club ...... maltali; np!at. choose ...... met2; mtalu; tiptip. cluck ...... p!op!o. chop ...... krakfufu; p!or ; p!rai. CND ...... -f. Christian ...... mram ; natam!ol lot. coast ...... natik elau. Christmas ...... Krismes. cob ...... naprat . church ...... nasum!tap. cockle ...... kai2 . cicada ...... kasfas. cockroach ...... feek. cigarette ...... nuasog . coconut ...... kapunmarteu ; naniu1; circulate ...... ser4. nuampakur; nugolmam; nugot; circumcise ...... mas1 ; tef1 . numam; numlakes; numotu; citizen ...... natatok. numtapilkap; nusoksok; nutag. clam ...... kram2; lisan . coconut branch ...... fuelig; napas. clan ...... naflak. coconut crab ...... aas. clap ...... p!sai; p!sap!os. coconut, dry coconut ...... nm!arteu. claw ...... npatin ; nragon; patlep1. coconut, flower breaking open clean ...... mas1 ; tapsik...... p!orlaf. clear m!aalm!aal, see: m!aal; m!alm!al ; coconut frond ...... seer. mram ; taata1; uum!. coconut, green .. nam!; naniu motu; clearing ...... em!au; limuti; m!alm!al ; nawos. malpa; nali; narmal. coconut leaf rib ...... pirket. clever, to be ...... m!aarak. coconut mesh ...... kak. cliff ...... np!alo. coconut shell, dry and used .... of2. climb ...... pag . coconut spathe ...... nikniser. coconut sprout ...... nfar.
106 South Efate Finderlist coconut, stalk of coconut cross one's arms
coconut, stalk of coconut napirkitin. coral, soft coral (some is edible) coconut wadding ...... tep!las...... nakirles. coconut weaving ..... fuelig araskei. cord tied to a pig's foot ...... nlik. coconut with flower ...... p!agrap. corpse ...... natmat; teemat. cold ...... mlaanr. correct ...... leg. coleus ...... nakwak. cough .... puk2; nafukwen, see: puk2. collect, gather ...... kruuk. cough, clear one's throat ..... waser. collide ...... sook. count ...... fef, see: fe. coloured, striped ...... mtirtir. country ...... nafanu2; nfanu; nlaun. comb ...... nser1; tkapir. couple ...... tmawot. combine ...... paakruk. cousin ...... p!alun. come ...... mai. cover .. kul ; kulkul, see: kul; kulkor; come ashore ...... taasak. p!akor; p!akor; plaakor ; plaakor; comfort .... fakfukal; pesnromnromi. p!okor . command ...... nriksoksok. cover oneself ...... fon. commit adultery ...... tauso. covet, desire ...... le wi. COMP ...... kin1; na6. coward ...... malp!al. compare ...... pton2; ton. cow:BI ...... kau2. competition ...... fusur tol. crab ...kaaf; kaafeer; kafrali; kaftan; concentrate ...... takinrog wi, see: namtame; pialoaal; rakum. takinrog. crab sp. small white crab .... popot. COND ...... fla. crab's lowest legs ...... tasoklas. confess ...... sraletu . crack ...... m!altelit. conjunctivitus ...... metmaat. crawl ...... kraf; krak. conquer ...... krakp!og. crayfish ...... urtaiak, see: ur1. constellation...... natumau . crazy ...... p!aror. constellation, Name of a cream ...... lor. constellation ...... uum . create ...... kaimes. constellation of stars ...... nkur . credit ...... naul1. conversation ...... nafusrekwen; creep ...... pau2; sai2. natrauswen. crescent moon ...... naul nmariu. coo ...... p!anrer. cricket ...... tokomai. cooked ...... maas. cripple ...... kol1. copra dryer ...... wenr . criticise ...... tilsa. copulate ...... folfol sa, see: folfol. crooked ...... takel. copy ...... leperkat . cross ...... nrookot; pakot. coral ...... kol2; nakir ; pton1. cross one's arms ...... krum.
South Efate Finderlist 107 crossed dig a hole to plant in
crossed ...... peltakot. current ...... naar. cross-member ...... nakiat; nsol. curse ...... pes sa. crotch ...... naalon. curtain ...... lukot. croton ...... nkau. curved ...... taap!os. crouch ...... p!oo. Cushion star ...... p!aulum ni afsak. crow ...... taar2. cut ...... lat; taakot2; tai2; tasai; tef1 ; crowd ...... talpuk. tkau2. crowded ...... tiisoksok. cut grass ...... suur. crumbs ...... nafer. cut in half ...... masp!rai. crush in one's hand .....kut p!orp!rai. cut laplap ...... kot. cry ...... kai1; tag. cut the eye out of a coconut .... sul. cry for ...... kait, see: kai1. cuttlefish ...... walu. cucumber ...... kukumper. cyclone ...... nlagwat, see: nlag. cup ...... laas. D - d daily ...... ser naliati, see: naliati. dentist ...... teem!okm!ok. dance ...... lau; nlauwen; pul4. depart ...... tm!alu. dancing ground ...... efare . depend ...... lereki . dark ...... malik; nmalko . derib ...... m!asel. dawn ... pulmatelen; p!ulp!og rik, see: descend ...... paketan ; su3. p!ulp!og. describe ...... tilusus . day ...aliat; m!au naliati, see: naliati. desert ...... namesp!al. day after tomorrow ...... as. desire ...... namurien. day before yesterday ...... nas2. destroy ...... polsa . days ...... naliati. DET ...... na1; te-. dead ...... pun1. determined ...... usog. deaf ...... ntaligp!ar. devil ...... ntaligpram; ntwam. deceive ...... sursur. Devil nettle tree ...... gkar; nam!lat. decorate ...... fakis. dew ...... nalamlame. deep ...... paketan. diarrhoea ...... ntafwen; taftaf. deep ocean ...... ntalfen . die ...... mat . deep sea ...... nam!oru. die down ...... mrer. delicious ...... tuntun. different fserser; msal; p!et; p!onptae; delouse ...... paak. p!tae . DEM ...... kia. dig ...... kil; traf. dense ...... kos; motu . dig a hole to plant in ...... trafseo.
108 South Efate Finderlist dig out tree dye
dig out tree ...... nri. dragonfly ...... kaltag. dirty ...... m!ilo. dream ...... nap!re. disappear ...... puel . dregs ...... nam!lak. discard ...... sapre. dress ...... kal. discover ...... pam!or. dried up, as rivers do ...... tep!. disease ...... namgar1. drift ...... sal1. disembark ...... paatan; patan. driftwood ...... tarisal. dislike ...... mropir. drill ...... pirsai; tur1 . disobey ...... nrogpir; psig. drink ...... min. disperse ...... tafrafer. drip ...... lao2 . dispute ...... ple. drive ...... kelsman; pa2; pusman. dissolve ...... fanei. drive.IR ...... fa. distant ...... pakem!ae. drizzle ...... sirsir . dive ...... nrup!. drop ...... krakpel. divide ...... poptae; p!tae ; si2. drown ...... tut2. divorce ...... tao1 . drum beater ...... nkas ni nap!e. dizzy ...... manin; talgolig. drunk ...... nrop; p!aufiif. do good ...... pregwi. dry ...... gar1. do something bad to ...... plos4. dry by sun light ...... tit. doctor ...... munwei. dry leaves ...... naflel. dodge ...... talel. dry, of leaves, any kind of dry dog ...... kori. leaves (naul fv:alkur) ...... alkur. dolphin ...... naniu2. dry taste ...... kfet. don't know ...... mak. duck ...... sul2; taktak1; taktak ninai; don't recognise ...... lesap!sap!. talof. door ...... namet p!ur. dugong ...... pkastes. double ...... pitkaskei ; p!ura1. dumb ...... nognog; puus. dove ...... man nap!lo. dunk ...... sam. dove, Green-winged ground dove dust ...... nalo1; nam!tam!ot ; p!oktao...... tokape. duty ...... wes3. dove, Red-bellied fruit dove sunra. dwarf ...... naferkal; sputan. dove, Vanuatu fruit dove ....m!lato. dye ...... mir; nasnaki. down ...... etan. downhill ...... etan ntaf, see: etan. drag ...... nros. Dragon Plum tree ...... nrau1.
South Efate Finderlist 109 ear eyelashes
E - e ear ...... ntalgen. end of a mat ...... nagorin . earth ...... emeromen. enemy ...... walp!tae, see: wal1. earthquake ...... nanrur. enlighten . pregi kesalsal, see: salsal. east ...... naweskin pei. enough ...... kiwi; tlas. easy ...... mailum . enter ...... sil2 . eat pam . epilepsy ...... let. eat something hard ...... p!rot. equal ...... pitkaskei . eat.IR ...... fam. equal.IR ...... fitkaskei. echo ...... smoklen. erase ...... krakfunfnoi. eclipse ...... al imel, see: al. erase, obliterate ...... surfunfnoi. edge ...... natikin. erect, be erect, of a penis ...... tum!. eel mra1. ES kai3. eel, moray eel mra ni ntas, see: mra1. escape ...... sef2. eel, river eel ...... takto. establish ...... lao1. eel, saltwater eel ... takto ninai, see: evening ...... kotfan. takto. evening star m!asei lep ni kotfan, see: eel sp...... taligter. m!asei. eel sp. Banded snake eel .. mra tfei. every ...... nomser; ser1; silu. eel sp. Giant moray eel mra nm!ap!. everything ...... sernale. egg ...... atol. everywhere ...... sernaor. eight ...... latol. excellent ...... wim!esm!es. eighth ...... klatol, see: latol. exchange ...... tigpiel. elbow ...... nafsup!narun. exclamation ...... awe; kala; paka. elephantiasis ...... tuup!ur. exit ...... taf . emerge ...... putsak. explain ...... p!ot1. Emperor ...... warof. explode ...... telit. EMPH ...... kotkot; soksok. explode, erupt ...... m!alit. empty ...... p!al; puur ; tep!. eye ...... namten. empty- handed, to be ...... puur . eye of the fish hook namet tkau, see: encircle fish ...... sogsog. tkau1. encourage ...... psasok. eyebrow ...... nfas namet. end mp!agon ; nametp!agon; paamau ; eyelashes ...... nanrau namet. p!on2 . end, close ...... paapnun.
110 South Efate Finderlist face fish sp. Groupers
F - f face ...... nakon1 ; nraen . fiddle ...... m!aniek. facing ...... toklos. fierce ...... fiet. fade, disappear ...... funfnoi. fifth ...... kalim, see: lim. fail ...... paamau . fifth day ...... up!lim. faint ...... matmal. Fig tree ...... nait; nakrik. faith ...... nasralesokwen. fig variety ...... naplip. falcon ...... malp!erik. fight ftup! ; kuf2; naflewen; olap; ple; fall m!el2; sog; tarp!ek; tarup!; tarp!ek, tik3 . see: tarup!; wo. fill tor. fall, of water over a waterfall lao2 . fin nlaen . family ...... nametrau . final ...... mlaap. fan ...... niif; niif, see: niif. find ...... pam!or. fancy ...... lagi. finger ...... naknin. fantail, Grey fantail ...... takerker. finger, index finger ...... kinm!at . far em!ae . finger, little finger ...... kinrik . fart ...... p!er. finger, middle finger ...... kinliu . fart on ...... p!erat, see: p!er. finger, ring finger ...... kintapul . fashion ...... sup1! . finish ...... nom. fasten mat ...... fiikot . fire ...... nkap. fat p!aru; tfarfar. firestick ...... ntankep2. father ...... apap; gka; taata2; tmen. firewood ...... nkap. father and his child ...... teemtmen. firm ...... masoksok. fear ...... mtak. first ...... pei2 ; tepei . feast ...... nafamwen; nap!laki. first weaving on a coconut leaf feather ...... nm!aun...... rutiei. feel ...... nrog; tkalnrog. first.IR ...... fei. feel with the foot ...... kamnrog. fish anrar; mon; naik; oraik; tiftif wel feel.bad ...... nrogteesa. rom, see: tiftif; tir ; namet tkau , female ...... nmatu. see: tkau1. female name marker ...... li. fish bones ...... nanreu. fence kor1; lak1; tiikor ; tp!er1; tup!er. fish by torchlight ...... sul3. fermented breadfruit ...... mutrei. fish sp ...... kaitao. fern ...... naruut. fish sp...... map!er; meramok; tasar; fetch ...... msag. weel. few ...... nrfaal; warik. fish sp. Groupers ...... koom.
South Efate Finderlist 111 fish sp. Anthiases fuck
fish sp. Anthiases ...... aaf. flower ...... fum!; nafum!; pontekon. fish sp. Boxfishes ...... mateu. fly laag; nrir. fish sp. Butterflyfishes and some fly magically ...... p!erik. Angelfishes...... tiftif. flying fox ...... mantu. fish sp. Filefishes, Puffers p!nopun. foam ...... nap!ep!es; nlatlat. fish sp. Frogfishes, Stonefish. .p!it. fog ...... nmaf. fish sp. Grouper ...... p!aup!al. follow ...... kop ; nrokos; taos ; us. fish sp. Hawkfishes ...... tafut. food ...... nafnag. fish sp. Humpback grouper .. sasu. food made from manioc .napeenr . fish sp. Insular halfbeak ...... ntau2. fool ...... p!aror; pool. fish sp. kind of flying fish foolish ...... p!autik...... naikmetpuk. foot ...... natuen. fish sp. Lion fish ...... naik man. footprint ...... nam!lenatuen. fish sp. Orangespine unicornfish for reki ...... uus. for good ...... termau. fish sp. Parrotfishes ...... nuo. for no reason ...... tep!alp!al, see: p!al. fish sp. Porcupinefishes ...... p!ka. forearm ...... nmalnarun. fish sp. Pufferfish ...... p!unopun. forehead ...... nraen . fish sp. Sea horse ...... os nintas. foreign ...... nasap!. fish sp. Small white fish ...laorpek. foreign place ...... tog. fish sp. stone fish, small one .. ftir. forget ...... metp!akor. fish sp. strongskin dark coloured forgive ...... nrat1...... fum!os. fork in the road ...... napu toran. fish sp. Wrasses ...... patru. four ...... paat. fish sp. Yellowstripe goatfish, fourth ...... kaafat; kaafat, see: paat. Yellowfin goatfish...... suus. fowl ...... too. fish using poison ...... pun2. fowl, wild fowl .....too mil, see: too. five ...... lim. freshwater eel mra ni nai, see: mra1. flake ...... m!ulm!ul. friend ...... aslen. flat ...... matit . fright ...... krokur. flat country ...... nateen. frighten ...... sinrakat. flatten ...... wol. frizzy (hair) ...... tp!ak. flesh ...... nafengan; nafsik. front ...... nakpei. flick ...... sif. froth ...... latlat; nasusu. float ...... m!el1; sal1; ser4. fruit ...... nua . flood ...... me2. fruit fly ...... naatmat. flow ...... ser4. fuck ...... tik3 .
112 South Efate Finderlist fuck, have sex with gravel
fuck, have sex with ...... polsa . funeral ...... nmaten. full ...... pur; tiisoksok. fungus ...... ntalig. full mouth ...... toopup!. future ...... matool. full of ...... frofur. fully ...... -lu. G - g gale ...... nlag kerkrai, see: nlag. go through ...... mpatur; totur . gall bladder ...... ulikokon. go to ...... pak. game ...... nameswen. go to.IR ...... fak. gap ...... nmaota. go.around ...... lefek . garden ...... talm!at. goat:BI ...... nanan. gargle ...... pupu2. God ...... atua. gecko ...... ofag. go.IR ...... fan. generation ...... naworan; ntag. good ...... wi. genitals ...... nlason. gorge ...... nsan. germinated coconut ...... klat. gossip ...... ftil. germinating seed ...... sirsir . gouge ...... lao3 ; sur; waal . get someone ...... pare1. go.up:IR ...... fakelag. Ghost crab ...... kap. grab ...... kasar; nrakut. giant ...... m!aau. grab, wrestle ...... fsar. gift ...... naftuan. grace ...... psawi . giggle ...... mtamurmur, see: mur2. grandchild ...... suulin. gill ...... nap!raksan. granddaughter ...... ati sees. give ...... tu2; ptu, see: tu2. grandfather ...... apu. *give ; birth ...... pkaal. grandmother ...... ati. give a gift in return for a gift grasp ...... saltae. brought (for example to a grass ...... nam!nam!. wedding) ...... siriu. grass skirt ...... malmal1; nam!aser. give birth ...... psol; tipaaru. grasshopper ...... sos1. glare ...... sulkor. grate ...... maa; trai. glasses ...... telele. grate roasted yam and taro skin glide ...... ter3...... nao1. go pa1; pan. grater ...... fatma; naures; skitrai. go along ...... ur2. grave . ematen, see: emat; emat, see: go around ...... userek. mat. go quickly ...... fuu3. gravel ...... nakir .
South Efate Finderlist 113 great grandchild heavy rain
great grandchild .....suul kaaru, see: group mana ; nafet2; npanep; talpuk. suulin. group of kids ...... naferkal. great grandfather ...... apu motu. Grouper ...... p!aup!al; p!autop. great grandmother ...... ati motu. Groupers ...... koom. greedy ...... katp!o; mut. grow ...... ptom. green ...... ksakes. grow into ...... maf. grey ...... karo1. grow.IR ...... ftom. grey throated ground dove .... sfiu. growl ...... fusuer; fusuer; m!la ; nrig. grind .. kat p!orp!res npatin, see: kat2; grunt ...... oror. walsem!. guard ...... teleekor. grind one's teeth, also a sign of guava ...... kuyaf. anger kat soksok npatin, see: kat2. gum ...... naglan. groan ...... nrig. gun ...... sisi1. grope ...... toto. guts ...... nmarten. ground ...... ntan. H - h
HABIT ...... to . have ...... piatlak . habit ...... sup1! . have.IR ...... fitlak. hair ...... nalun. hawk ...... maal. hair, pubic hair ...... nraun. hawk, eagle (strong one) hairy ...... ululu...... mankerkrai. half ...... kotfak ; nakon2; p!ok. H.crab ...... katom. half dry ...... maus. head ...... entaf; np!au; p!aun . half ripe ...... mamp!ok. heal ...... wam. halo ...... tam!as. healer ...... kulru; munwei. hammerhead shark ...... pakofai. healthy ...... m!ol2 . hammock ...... nmak3. heap ...... tap!u. handle ...... nferen; nkaren. hear ...... nrog. hang ...... kof2; liksaal; sal1; ser2. heart ...... nam!on . happy ...... semsem. heart of pimple or boil ...... npatin . harbour ...... nuof. heartwood ...... nap!lau nkas, see: hard ...... kerkerai. nap!laun; nator. hard food ...... p!roro. heat ...... nrag; tortor . harvest ...... m!tal; namas. heaven ...... elagsau. hat ...... pulp!ou. heavy ...... mten. hatch ...... tafafu. heavy rain ...... us walep, see: us.
114 South Efate Finderlist Hebrew Cone inside
Hebrew Cone ...... tilmaar. holey ...... msai; msaisei. heel ...... nam!elnatuen; ntaknatuen. Honeyeater ...... alak. hell ...... nafanu sa, see: nafanu2. honour ...... paketan . help ...... welu. hook, fish hook ...... tkau1 . helper, chief's assistant ...... ataf. hop ...... tigtig. hen ...... too nmatu, see: too. horizon ...... ntalfen . herbs ...... nalkis. horn ...... sup!sup2! . here ...... esa ; sa1. horn (of cow) ...... npatin . Hermit crab ...... katp!aar. hospital .esum! namsaki, see: nasum!. heron ...... of1. hot ...... ftin . HESIT ...... na2. hour ...... mal sees , see: mal1. hesitate ...... sul1. house ...... nasum!; sum!. hibiscus ...... nap!kal; nap!lel. how ...... tfale1; tkanwan. hiccup ...... m!aser. how much ...... kefi. hide ..... kus; kuskor; paikor; psakor; hug ...... sarti; slif; sog. srakor. hug, hold against the chest, like a high ...... elag. child ...... taasok. hill ...... ntaf. humble, be humble ...... paketan . hip ...... ntap!rain. Humpback grouper ...... sasu. hit tup1! ; wat. hundred ...... tifli iskei. Hog plum tree ...... nmal. hungry ...... ptol. hold .katsok; kel; kut; pu ; puetsok . hunt ...... mol; plakori . hold a mat flat ...... mpasok. hunt.dog ...... plakori. hold firmly ...... satsok. hurry ...... trapelpel. hold tight ...... sarsok. husband ...... maarik . hold.IR ...... fuetsok. husk kat naniu, see: kat2; naun; tak1. hole ...... luk; nam!or; nfal. hut ...... koof. hole drilled in the side of canoe ...... nametfau. I - i identify ...... letae . INCH ...... na7. idol ...... natap. increase ...... pakelag; sak3. ignore .....maltotae; sertep!al; sigpir. individual ...... sikskei. imagine ...... mroperkat. insect ...... matuktukurik. imitate ...... pregwel. insect, stick insect ...... srak. important ...... lesok. inside ...... em!rom; naal; nap!laun.
South Efate Finderlist 115 inside leg kumala
inside leg ...... naken. ironwood ...... nagi. inside of the mouth ...... nau1. island ...... naur. insult ...... pes sa. island cabbage ...... altuk. INT ...... kalo; pe1. Island Teak tree ...... nakmou. interested ...... p!ko. Island Walnut tree ...... namir. intestines ...... senae. itch ...... karkar; namkalkal, see: investigate ...... pesp!ot. mukalkal. invitation ...... nato. itch, be itchy ...... mukalkal. iron ...... p!atfaat; ter2. J - j jaw ...... nasin1. jump ...... sok ; sook . jaw harp ...... susa. jump around ...... skasook. jealous ...... fetkasu. jump over .....nrilkau; soklkau; sook jelly-fish ...... karkor. palkau ; sook nrilkau ; soklkau, job ...... wes3. see: sook. join ...... neetnpasil; sil2 . jungle ...... namlaskos. joint ...... sger1 . just ...... trau . joke ...... fkaar; pesfkaar. juice ...... nasun. K - k kastom gift ...... saotog . knock ...... tmotum. kava ...... nmalok. knock away ...... npasil. kick ...... p!i2 ; p!i2 ; tak3. knot ...... klop. kidney ...... watiam. knot (in wood) ...... napkun. kill . krakpun; pkapun; watpun, see: know ...... tae . wat. knowledge ...... nametmatuan, see: king tide ...... tasur. metmatu; ntaewen. Kingfisher ...... siik. krait, Sea krait ...... takwer1. kiss ...... koo. kumala ...... kumol. kitchen ...... swei. knee ...... nap!utwen. knee cap ...... kaifar. kneel ...... taap!etu. knife ...... masmes.
116 South Efate Finderlist labour looks
L - l labour ... nakerkraian, see: kerkerai; lie, lay down ...... entan. wes3. life ...... nam!olien. lad ...... naturiai. lift up ...... kaflag; nrakat. land ...... lao3 ; sak2; totan . light . faar; mram ; namrem ; salsal. language .nafsan ; nafsan, see: pes1. light, as of fire ...... sor1. lantana ...... latana. light, lamp ...... nasul . laplap ...... kapu; rep!ek; tm!en. lightning ...... napil. last ...... mlaap. light-skin ...... kulmer. later ...... ntakun, see: ntakun. like ....taos ; taos, see: taos; taosikin; laugh ...... tiel. wel. lavalava ...... nanrepnrep. limp ...... pasa. lawyer cane, wild cane ...... nala. line up ...... tefra. lay ...... en. Lion fish ...... naik man. lay down ...... entan. lips ...... nkanr. lay on ...... ensok. liquid ...... naf1. lazy ...... ntawotmal. listen ...... takinrog. lead ...... pei2 . live ...... m!ol2 . leader ...... naot; p!aun . liver ...... ntankep1. lead.IR ...... fei. lizard ..plakes; sulprog; uti; utikaro. leaf ...... nam!romin; naul2. lobster ...... ur1. leaf fall ...... nru2. log ...... namal nkas. leaf, laplap leaf ...... nrau1. loincloth ...... pisp!lolo. leak ...... tur3. long ...... pram. lean ...... tap2; tiip! . long time ...... tuei. leap ...... sook . long.IR ...... fram. learn ...... faitau. look ...... le; lek, see: le; wor. leave ...... tao1 . look after ...... mtaatak. left ...... maur. look at ...... lemis; lemis. leftover food ...... kotfak . look for ...... lel1. lemongrass ...... naariu. look for something ...... puser. length ...... naframwen, see: pram. look forward ...... lereki . liar ...... natam!ol psir. look from the side ...... nremet. lid mp!akron. look out ...... leperkat . lie psir; tepsir, see: psir. look up ...... m!alosak. lie down ...... mpasul. looks ...... trau .
South Efate Finderlist 117 loose woman Moray, White-eyed moray
loose woman ...... nmatu ni napu. low ...... paketan . Lorikeet (Green palm and low tide ...... mat . Rainbow) ...... sfir. lower back ...... ntafatun. lost, be ...... pitar. lucky ...... nmar2. louse ...... kuutin. lung ...... nam!on . love ...... nrom. M - m mad ...... kanin. meaning ...... nap!et; np!eten. magician ...... munwei. measure ...... ton. maiden ...... nmatuerik. meat ...... nap!kasin; tekatpi. main ...... tp!au. mediate ...... maomao . make ...... preg; tue. meet ...... neet; patlas; saisei; seltra; make a noise with your mouth to taatur. call ...... sm!ol. meeting ...... nsaiseiwen, see: saisei. make a sign with the hand .....pul1. melt ...... ser4. make noise ...... krakpes. men's house ...... efare . make.good ...... pta. messenger ...... nafkou. make.IR ...... freg. messy ...... skarkar2. male ...... nanwei. messy hair ...... sikskar. male name marker ...... kalo. metre ...... gaaf . man ...... kano2; nanwei. midday ...... aliat motu, see: aliat. man! ...... nkis. middle ...... maloput; nmalon . mango ...... maagko. middle toe ...... kinliu. mangrove ...... maurkat; natog. midrif ...... ntafatun. Mantis shrimps ...... pism!alit. Milkwood Tree tree ...... mpal. many ...... laap. million ...... mantap!arp!ar; p!onti. mark rythm ...... ferfer. miss ...... kraksmanr; sraf; sursap!. marked ...... fuet. mistake ...... saap!. marry .....lak4; ptour; taulu; tousok. mister ...... maarik . mast ...... natir. mix ...... saar; srafnoi. masturbate ...... fisfis. month ...... atlag. mat ..... m!iit; patlep2; raolae; tefkau. moon ...... atlag. material, piece of material ....gaaf . Moon shell ...... fleslu. maternal aunt ...... iak. mooning ...... siig. maybe ...... lakor. Moray eel ...... mra nm!ap!. me ...... -m . Moray, White-eyed moray taligter.
118 South Efate Finderlist morning numb
morning ...... p!ulp!og. mouse ...... kusu. morning star m!asei lep ni pulp!og, see: moustache ...... nalun; wasket. m!asei. mouth ...... nkanr. mosquito ...... katnam. mouth organ ...... nau2 . moss ...... nalomlom. move ...... nrus . moth ...... mer3. mud ...... nlel. mother ...... iak; raiten. Mulberry, Indian Mulberry nakur. mountain ...... ntaf. mullet ...... polfai. mourn ...... tag. must:BI ...... mas2. mourner ...... lagarof. Mynah bird ...... kipwi. mourning ...... pakmaalep; palkias. N - n naflak ...... nm!al . next ...... kaaru; nentu. nail ...... nrpasok; tep!lasnakin. night ...... p!og. Nakavika ...... nkafik. nine ...... ilfot. naked ...... karo usrek; puu. ninth ...... kilfot, see: ilfot. name ...... nagien; sos2. no tik2 . namele ...... nam!el. nod ...... tp!otunr. nape of neck (his) ...... natunrun. noise ...... nres. nation ...... nalauna; wal1. noise of two trees rubbing together Nautilus ...... p!anuk...... woor. navara ...... nfar. noisy ...... pier; tarp!otik. navel ...... napton. none ...... taasak. navele ...... nafil. north ...... naweskin katol. nearly ripe ...... arum; mamis. nose ...... nagorin . neck ...... nanuen. not ...... ta4. necklace ...... nkaso; tarir. not have ...... tik2 . necl, back of the neck ntaknanuen. not know ...... sup!neki. NEG2 ...... mau2. not want ...... mal2. nest . nukun; nukniman, see: nukun. nothing ...... m!asm!as. net ...... tarag. now ...... malfane. new ...... foum. numb ...... mer2. New Guinea Rosewood tree nagrof. news ...... nanrognrogon.
South Efate Finderlist 119 obey peace
O - o obey ...... paketan . open ..... maaf; maag1; p!elgat; plag. observe ...... palkor. opinion ...... nalelewen. observe five days after death or ko...... maalep2. orange ...... m!nam!on p!ok; m!ool. obstruct ...... laokor. ordinary ...... p!rakot . ocean ...... namos. orphan ...... mtapes. octopus ...... wit. other ...... kaaru; p!et. of ni. otherwise ...... ifmertik. of it ...... knen. otitis ...... taligftin. off m!lakon. outrigger of canoe ...... nsem. oily liquid in a germinated coconut outrigger rolling over ...... p!ip!...... nrap. outside ...... ektem. ok nta1. oven ...... uum . old ...... motu . oven stone ...... lelep. old age ...... nafitiawian. over there ...... sampe. old person ...... kapuer. owl ...... mlapuas; sokfal. omen ...... nafeifeien. owner ...... atlak. on one's back, be ...... tralosak. oyster, Black Wing Oyster . ruum. one ...... skei . only ...... m!as. P - p pack up ...... paai. parry, block ...... kor2. packet of mats ...... gafgef. parts ...... nfaswen. paddle ...... nawes; palus; sek; suar. pass ...... tol2. paddle.IR ...... falus. pass through ...... skatur. page of a book ...... nap!elgan. passage ...... slaor. paint ...... mtir; ntae . passionfruit ...... pasprut. palm, sago palm ...... rowat. past ...... nenpa. palmtree ...... nipu. pat ...... nrepnrpag. pan flute ...... nau2 . pawpaw ...... les. pandanus ...... naki; nfak; nparom. pay ...... paakot2. paper ...... natus. payment ....nfaakoton, see: paakot2. parable ...... nfaag, see: faag. peace ...... ntm!at; tmat .
120 South Efate Finderlist pearl, bead pregnant
pearl, bead ...... nanu. plant sp. nafnag ni afsak; nafrofursa; peel ...... m!ul ; plik. namgar2; namkanr; nam!les; peep ...... m!aak. napupus; natp!olnra; palsmin; peg ...... lak2. tatakaal; tataras. penis ..... nautin; ola ; polpol koplog. plant sp. Staghorn ...... lip!eslilip. people ...... nam!er1. plantation ...... nanrup!. person .. naat, see: naaten; natam!ol. plant.sp ...... nafis. petanque ...... petog. plate ...... nrali; pagotut; rakek; slo. phlegm ...... nrafien. platform between canoe and photo album ...tus ni telomlom, see: outrigger ...... nafetfet . telomlom. play ...... mes; siksik. pick ...... si3. Pleiades ...... uum . pick fruit ...... lei. plot ...... nakoi; naroi. pick pandanus leaves ...... far. pluck ...... put. picture ...... tip!ot. point ...... nagis. piece ...... kotiou; nmaslen. point, show by finger ...... tm!a. pierce (an abcess) ...... pregfu. pointed ...... fsup!. pierce boil ...... sup!fu, see: sup2! . poisoned ...... mam3. pig ...... inror; wak. poisoning, food poisoning pig, female pig which has no ...... namamwen. piglets ...... konrkai. poke ...... lul1; pkasai; waal . pig fence ...... elkao. poke the fire ...... sai suek, see: sai1. pigeon .... mapul; mapul ni ntaf, see: poke tongue ...... limen. mapul. pole ...... natik; npou; nsik. piled ...... liu. poles ...... nakik. pillow ...... naulum. poor ...... faria. pinch ...... kin2. posts holding up a house ...... nkas pineapple ...... laufal. slasol. pink ...... mlees. pot ...... poler. piss ...... me3. pound ...... laosok. place ...... esa ; esan; nam!len2; naor. pour ...... lig; lup!; uut. plane ...... tastes. pour.IR ...... fi. plank ...... pras. praise ...... sman; sorsor; suman . plant kauri; lao3 ; naultap!erkot; nfa1; pray ...... lot; tafesfes; tp!otur. ntalifam; suski. prayer ...... nalotwen. plant just before buds ... m!orm!rom. preach ...... fnau. pregnant ...... plak2; tien.
South Efate Finderlist 121 PREP really
PREP ...... ki1. Pufferfish ...... p!unopun. prepare ...... kraksok ; toknak. pull ...... pu ; puet ; tkau3. present ...... nanromien . pull a banana ...... safei. press ...... kis . pull out ...... m!ok. prickle ...... naisun . pull your legs back ...... wolul. prisoner ...... manmun. pull:IR ...... fuet. PROG ...... to . pumice ...... naf2; nap. promise ...... tilsoksok. punch ...... ftup! . prop ...... tup2! . puncture ...... p!ofu. property ...... nap!umas. punishment ...... sup!tap!. prostitute ...... nmatu ni napu. pus ...... naup!o. proud ....lagi; p!op! pakelag, see: p!op!. push .....pas; sai1; tiip! ; tof1; tp!osok. prow of a canoe ...... nakon1 . push away ...... tgof. prune ...... pul2. push:IR ...... fas. PSP.IR ...... fo. put ...... pus. pubic cover ...... nafon. put meat on laplap ...... tanum!. pudding ...... napos; woi. put wood in fire ...... suek. puddle ...... nap!ei luk. Puzzle Tree tree ...... namatal. puddle of water ...... nop. Q - q quickly ...... pelpel. quiet .mailum ; pnut2 ; p!op! paketan, see: p!op!.
R - r rabbitfish ...... sm!os. ray, eagle ray ...... faai suar. Rail ...... p!lak2. ray sp...... takwer2. rain ...... us. ray sp. Devil ray ...... faai mantu. rainbow ...... tuput. Ray sp., Manta ray ...... roktaar. raindrop ...... naturmos. ray, spotted eagle ray ...... faai p!og. raise ...... sik. ray, stingray ...... faai. rake ...... nkur . reach ...... tup1! . rat kusu. read ...... fe; fef, see: fe. rattle ...... wair . realise ...... letae . raw ...... met1 . really ...... maumau; trau .
122 South Efate Finderlist rear rust
rear ...... nakoinrok. road ...... napu. reason ...... nlaken2. roast ...... paan . recognise ...letae ; mrotae; nrogtae. roast meat ...... kof1. RECP ...... tmo. Robin ...... susu natog. red ...... miel. rock .....faatfar; nasitafra; np!arfaat. red dirt ...... nmakoren. rocks heaped up along the sea Red-bellied fruit dove ...... sunra. shore ...... p!arfaat. reef ...... nskau. rocks heaped up by people narfaat . Reef crab ...... ntame; p!olul. roll ...... mlil; taltel. reef end ...... namta. roll fibre ...... lul2. REFL ...... tmo. roll up ...... fiif. regarding ...... toklos. roof ...... nasu. REL ...... kin1; kin1; na8. rooster ...... tkas. remember ...... mroperkat. root ...... nako. remove ...... saulu. root, tap root, sucker ...... naserin . replace ...... surwel. rope ...... nmarit; ntuk. reply ...... wes4. Rosewood tree ...... namok. respect ...... nfaketanwen; paketan ; rot p!o . teemtakun. rotten wood ...... mtet. rest ...... marmar. rotten yam ...... nsat. restless, can't stop quiet .. tkarkaar. rough ...... liuliu. return ...... ler. rough sea ...... ntasur. revolver ...... sisi sees, see: sisi1. round, perfect ...... manopnop. rib nafinrin. row ...... kau1. rice ...... atol kanr. rub .. folfolm!ak ; lof1; loflof, see: lof1; rich ...... soklep. selsel; solsla . riddle ...... faag. rubbish etak ; nam!tam!ot ; nasoksok. ridge-cap ...... nfat. rudder ...... smaan. rifle ...... sisi p!ur, see: sisi1. rule ...... mermer; mrag. right ...... matu1. run ...... fit. right handed ...... armatu. rust ...... namiel. ring ...... ki2; nrafkor. ringworm ...... nan. rinse ...... m!oltao; pnol. ripe ...... mam2; matu2. rise (star) ...... sook . river ...... naiser; naum!.
South Efate Finderlist 123 sail shell
S - s sail ...... nlaen . seat of canoe ...... nafetfet . saliva ...... natien . seaweed naulum ni afsak; nuantas. saltwater ...... ntas. second toe ...... kintapul. same ...... pitkaskei . section ...... malmal2. sand ...... nawen. section, as found in a pawpaw sandalwood ...... makos...... namtlen. sap ...... natien ; naton. seed ...... npatin . Saturday ...... aliat toknak. seems ...... trau . saw ...... mas1 . select ...... nras. sawdust ...... nam!tam!ot . selfish ...... metm!akur. say ...... na3; til. sell ...... sor2. scab ...... kafrag. semen ...... naitar. scabby ...... fag1. send ...... tup!ek. scale ...... lag1; nalag1. send message ...... tp!olu. scar ...... kapil. sensitive grass ...... metmatur1. scare ...... sulfra. separate ...... paamaot. scared, to be scared ...... p!lak1. servant, woman servant ...... tafin. scatter ...... frafer. set mtar; tanun. school ...... sum!faitau, see: faitau. seven ...... laru. scold ...... nrp!ei. seventh ...... kelaru, see: laru. scoop ...... sao; waal . sew ...... tur1 . scratch ...... mtas; skarkar1. sex ...... ftik, see: tik3. scratch, grate, peel ...... kar. shade ...... meel. scratched ...... mtastes. shadow ...... meel; nanin2. scream ...... p!ir. shake ... farfar2; liglig; nrur; sekska. scrub ...... nafrofur; sor4. shake hands ...... taaloof. sea ...... elau. shake out ...... folfolm!ak . sea cucumber ...... nap!lae pako. shame ...... malier. sea snake ...... takwer1. share ...... nakon2; p!tae . sea urchin ...... nalwaniksu; somkol; share out ...... p!ot2. sup!sup1! . shark ...... pako. seagrass ...... nariuriu. sharp ...... mukal. search ...... kafkaf; kaftal. sharpen ...... maama; pkal1. seaslug ...... taag; tagiter . shave ...... tas . seat ...... laolao; nkasakien. shell ...... mgal1.
124 South Efate Finderlist shell cover smile a little
shell cover ...... ntapukron. sisters, group of sisters teemakoren. shellfish ...... kufa; sago2. sit sak1; totan . shellfish, cone shellfish .... tilmaar. six lates. shellfish sp...... p!ap!a. sixth ...... kelates, see: lates. shellfish sp. Conch ...... memelim. skilful ...... arleg. shellfish sp. Costate Nerite skin ...... namlun; nasokon...... seeskanrp!on. skin disorder ...... nalepleptau. shelter ...... p!el1. skin of a person ...... naklun. shelter for seedling yams ....wenr . skin sickness ...... kulsa. shield ...... siil2; tekor; tiikor . skinny ...... mokur. shin ...... nraenatuen. skirt ...... nasieg. shine ...nrernrer; pa3; pam!as; talag. skull ...... lesmp!aun. shit ...... nasin2 ; ntaen; suer; taf . sky ...... nmalfa; nsau. shoot ...... si1; tup1! . slap ...... nrep; nrpag; sm!anr. shore ...... euut. slaughter ...... p!aumra. short ...... m!it. slave ...... nafit. shoulder ...... mpamun. sleep ...... matur. shoulderblade ...... etan npamun. sleep badly ...... enflos. shout ...... kol3. sleep on ...... mpalag. show ...... pei1. sleep on the side ...... entak. show off ...... fekfek. sleepy ...... metmatur2. shrimps ...... nmakou. sling ...... pul3. shrink ...... kuk. slingshot ...... sifsif. shut ...... p!on2 . slip ... kursmanr; masrot; soksmanr. sick ...... msak. slip, drag ...... toos. sick, deformed ...... sasaan. slipper lobster ...... pepep. sickness ...... namsaki. slippery ...... m!asenrsenr. side .... etik; m!p!aron ; nanre; naper. slitgong ...... nap!e. side of a canoe ...... ekat. slough ...... m!ul . side of canoe ...... esem!. slow ...... frak; mailum . side of face ...... m!p!aron . small ...... rik; sees1; seserik. silly ...... nrotik. small baby ...... tetau. similar ...... tefla. small bush ...... naulalas. sin taap!aar. smell . mar ; nasin2 ; nrog nap!o, see: sing ...... lag2. nrog; p!o ; nap!o, see: p!o. sink ...... m!or. smile ; laugh ...... mur2. sister ...... koren; tet. smile a little mtamurmur, see: mur2.
South Efate Finderlist 125 smoke stand up
smoke ...... nuasog ; suekor. spear . lao3 ; ola ; ola fatkau; ola ntu; smooth ...... m!aal; matit . ola nuwol. snake ...... m!aat. spear, women's spear ...... kalsiu. snake, sea-snake, black and white speargrass ...... nasulop...... takwer1. speed ...... nrogtor. snapper, Blackspot snapper spicy, to be ...... fket...... malogot. spider ...... kalum. snare ...... nlik. spider web ...... nalapul. sneak ...... p!elp!eel. spilled ...... malig. sneeze ...... m!etu. spin ...... fiif; lefek ; tilm!ar. sniff ...... sunref. spinal column ...... mra napuen. snore ...... gor. spirit lilip; maarik ; mtulep ; naaten ; snot ...... nrafien. natopu; p!op!; tagiter . so tkanwan. spit ...... tanu; ntanuen, see: tanu. soft ...... mailum ; nakof. spit out ...... lai. soften something in the fire sulsul. splash, throw water onto something Soldier crab ...... pilp!uk...... saaprei. some ...... tete. spleen ...... namenkori. someone ...... naat , see: naaten. splinter ...... nsankas. somersault ...... nreapis. split ...... pkafu; tikfu. something ...... namrun. spoil ...... polsa ; pregsa. something beautiful nalewen wi, see: spoiled ...... pkot. nalewen. spring ...... nametnai; nsel. something like that ...... nsfen. squat ...... taam!el. song ...... nalag2. squeeze ...... m!ol1. sore ...... nfag; ptin; sestau. squid ...... walu. sores ...... lakle; loot; nason2. squint ...... le sulsul. sorry ...... sraletu . squirt ...... ptur. soul ...... naaten . stab and break ...... sup!rai. sound ...... nres. stab with something sharp ....sup2! . sour ...... m!latkon. stake ...... nkaspau. soursop ...... katnrap. stand ...... lao3 ; paalag; tu1; tuleg. south ...... naweskin kafat. stand firm ...... laosok. sow ...... klet; sirsir . stand, hands held behind the back space ...... nmalfa...... pawer. spark ...... naltelit. stand on and break ...... kamkot. stand up ...... laotu.
126 South Efate Finderlist star tail
star ...... m!asei. stray ...... pakem!ae. stare ...... maag2. stretch ...... tia. starfish ...... tam!ra. string, twine ...... nmae. stars ...... nkem . strip bark ...... m!ul . start ...... pes2. strong ...... kerkerai . stay ...... to . strong man ...... m!atoktok. stay for the whole day ...... tuaal. stuck ...... kon; pulsok. steal ...... pnak. stuck, closed ...... p!aar. steam ...... tortor . stupid ...... mtafus; nrotik. steer ...... tapol; tlei. suck ...... kom; srof ; tom. steering paddle ...... smaan. suck at the breast ...... sus. steering wheel of a car ...... smaan. suckle ...... mimi. stem ...... naftogin; nlaken1. sugarcane ...... nap!rai . step over ...... paalkau. sugarcane (sp.) kram p!og; kram teu. stick ...... kalsaar; nra nkas ; tm!an. sugarcane sp...... nafakton; traares. stick, digging stick ...... kaal; kaal. sun ...... al. still ...... ta3. sunset ...... al imtar, see: al. sting ...... tnus. swallow ...... tnol. stir ...... tanre; walnre. swamphen ...... taap!es. stomach ...... p!lolepen. sway ...... taktaak ; tul. stone ...... faat ; faatsal. sweat ...... maon; nmaono. stone arrangement ...... putut . sweep ...... mas3; ser3; sertao. stone, black ...... lm!es. sweet ...... kaakas. stop ...... pnut2 . swell ...... napiau; puk1 ; top . stop someone doing something swell.IR ...... fuk...... tp!okor. Swift ...... kapkaap. store ...... sto . swim ...... los ; waf. storm ...... nlagwat, see: nlag. swim under water ...... m!on. story ...... nafsan ; natrauswen. swing ...... sal1; sal2. straight ...... leg. sword ...... lof2. strain ...... nroi. stranger to this country ...... nasap!. T - t table ...... laolao. tack on ...... p!elp!el. taboo ...... tap1. Tahitian chestnut tree ...... nmak1. tabu ...... p!eel. tail ...... napuen.
South Efate Finderlist 127 tail (of fish) tide, low
tail (of fish) ...... nam!len1. thankyou ...... faftae. take ...... lei; slat; tkar; wes2. that ...... nen; tego. take a photo ...... lom2. thatch ...... namtampe. take off ...... waalu. that's it ...... gawanki. take out by stabbing (eg the head of then ...... kai3; malnen . a boil) ...... sup!lu, see: sup2! . there ...... pe2; pen; sa1; sago1; san; take rocks ...... kamti. sanien; sanpe; wes1. take water (boat) ...... parut. thick ...... matol. talk ...... pes1. thick coconut cream lorktal, see: lor. talk badly ...... tilusus . thigh ...... nmaon. talk to ...... pestaf. thin ...... mrara . talk to.IR ...... festaf. thing ...... namatun. talk.IR ...... fuserek. thingamy ...... nana. tall ...... pram. think ...... mro. tame ...... maomao . thinking ...... namroan. tangle ...... sp!il. third ... kaatol; katol; katol, see: tol1. taro ...... ntal. thirst ...... manreu. taro sp...... nafi. this ...... ne. tassle or special weaving nagorin . thither ...... pa1. taste ...... katnrog; nfamwen. thousand ...... p!on1. taste a drink ...... minrog. thrash ...... pul3. taste food ...... pamnrog. three ...... tol1. tatoo ...... wamos. throat ...... nkasap!on; nkasp!on. Taun tree ...... nta2. throw ...... nep; sok1; ter1; ter3. teach ...... plaksok; tafnau. throw a small piece of wood ... p!i1. teacher ...... tefaitau, see: faitau; throw into the water, to make float teplaksok, see: plaksok...... salia. tears ...... naromet. throwing wood ...... np!ip!. tease ...... tusur. thumb ...... kinlep. television ...... telele. thunder ...... tfa. tell ...... nrik; traus. thus ...... welkin. tell.truth ...... tilm!ori. tickle ...... kirkis. ten ...... ralim. tickle quickly ...... kistup!. tentacle ...... nlap!en. tide ...... naar. termite-like grub ...... ofet. tide, high tide ...... mu. testicles m!olm!ol; plon; p!ura2; tep!al. tide, low ...... maat. thanks ...... psawi ; suman ; ta1.
128 South Efate Finderlist tie tree.sp
tie motsok; sap!el ; sap!le ; sp!il, see: tree, ...... ntalitas. sp!il. tree, Blackbean .... nap!oi1; nkasgot. tie a loop ...... failuk. tree, Chinese Lantern tree ..naipir. tie, braid, arrange your hair .....pir. tree, Devil nettle ...... gkar; nam!lat. tie cloth ...... fiikot . tree, Dragon Plum ...... nrau1. tie knot ...... tut1. tree, 'false Tamanu' mpakur ni euut. tiger shark ...... pakofam. tree, Island Teak ...... nakmou. time ...... mal1 ; nrak2. tree, Island Walnut ...... namir. tiny ...... seesp!al. tree, Java Cedar ...... nkok. tip toes ...... mletik. tree, Looking-glass tree nem!ap!m!ap!. tiptoe ...... paalak. tree, Milkwood Tree ...... mpal. tired ...... maos. tree, Puzzle Tree ...... namatal. to pak; sok ; sook palkau ; sook tree, Rosewood ...... namok. nrilkau ; soklkau , see: sook. tree, Sheoak ...... nar. to bad ...... pankisa. tree sp...... naat; nafanu1; nafenu; today ...... mees. nafiefi; nafilsanr; nagi; nagitpar; toe ...... kinrik; naknin. nainom; nakfakof; nakpes; nalik; toe, big toe ...... kinm!at. nalo2; namalmil; nam!ermra; together ...... lia; p!onp!on. nametal; namir ni euut; nam!os; toilet ...... etak . nam!ou; namtamiel; nanrm!a; tomorrow ...... matool. nanrm!anipun; nanumtap!es; nap!; tongs ...... nkem . nap!es; napum!alom; narka; tongue ...... namen1. naswaf; natot; natp!aupis; natret; tool ...... surosur. natu1; nfa2; nfan; nkasp!o; nlas; tooth ...... npatin ; wos. nraopet; nser2; pines; tap!ir. toothless ...... golgol. tree sp. 'wud blong Santo' top ...... p!aun ...... namamao. top stones of an oven .faat ni uum, tree sp. African tulip ...... nrar. see: faat. tree sp. Namalaus ...... nmalm!il. topless ...... karo2. tree sp. Pawpaw ...... leskes. touch ...... tkal. tree, Tahitian chestnut ...... nmak1. toy ...... tepsirsir. tree, Tamanu ...... mpakur ni elau. track ...... nalfen; us. tree, Taun ...... nta2. trap ...... mrakor. tree, Wattle tree ...... nmariu. trap fish by encircling them tree with fruit ...... nfaato...... paakot1. tree, with hard nut seeds ...... nap!a. tree .nagrof; nel; nkas; nmar1; nra1. tree.sp ...... nap!rat.
South Efate Finderlist 129 trip vision
trip ...... tak3; takau. turn ...... nanre; nre; plor; tare; tia. triton ...... sago2. turn back ...... tolu; totoluk. trochus ...... arkau. turn inside-out ...... lum!nria. trouble ...... nanrogtesan. turn on (lamp) ...... kis . true ...... m!ori. turtle ...... afsak. truly ...... perkat. turtle shell ...... lel2. trunk ...... nlaken1. tusk ...... npatwak, see: npatin. truth ...... nalenan. twenty ...... ralim inru. try pregnrog. twigs ...... nragnrag. try clothes ...... kalnrog. twin ...... natran. try go ...... panrog. twirl ...... fulful, see: pul3. tube of bamboo (for carrying twist ...... fiif. water) ...... kanrsip. twisted ...... plos1. tuber ...... naknot. two ...... kaaru; nra2; nru1; ranru. tuluk ...... tuluk. type ...... nametrau . Turbo shell ...... fnagot. U - u umbrella ...... sulok. unripe ...... met1. unable ...... kano1. unroll ...... lupir. unafraid ...... fiar. untie ...... nrat2; pres. uncle ...... aluen; awo. until ...... panpan; tup1! . uncountable ...... man2. up pakelag. undercooked ...... maasp!ok. urinate, piss ...... me, see: me3. understand ...... kraksok . urine, piss ...... namen2. unfold ...... pukos. V - v vagina ..kai2 ; lisan ; napien; nlas ni very ...... sa2 ; trau . nmatu, see: nlason. Vila ...... sto . valley ...... p!alo. village ...... natokon. Vanuatu white-eye ...... topi. vine ...... nala; nam; natiel; natu2; vatu ...... faat ni uum, see: faat. nkraful; nlaketik; nlakotao; vehicle ...... loto. sumat. vein ...... nuen. vine sp. naliel; nm!alm!ol; nmaritmat. verse ...... namet nafsan. vision ...... nron .
130 South Efate Finderlist visit wild spiny yam
visit ...... lemis; lemis; saof. vomit ...... lu. voice ...... misleo; nalen. W - w waist ...... nmalon . web ...... nalapul. wait ...... toreki. webbed feet ...... p!on2 . wake ...... pilo; pug. wedding ...... nlakwen, see: lak4. wake up ...... tokleg. wedge ...... slei. walk ...... siwer. week ...... wik. walk crooked, stagger ...... tartaar. weigh down ...... nepsok. walk in the bush ...... lof3. weight ...... namtenwen, see: mten. walk on ...... kam. well ...... lak3; luk. walk slowly ...... paapuen. west ...... naweskin kaaru. walk with legs apart ...... paap!olplo. wet ...... lom1; sum!sm!o. wall ...... tiikor . whale ...... tafra . wander ...... sari. wharf ...... nuof. want ...... mur1; na4. what ...... nafte; sef1. war ...... nafkal. when ...... ngas; sefmal, see: sef1. warm oneself at a fire ...... tlai. where ...... sap; sua. warning ...... ter4. which ...... tfale2. warped ...... teplag. while ...... selwan. wart ...... napus. whip ...... fis; fisktof, see: fis; krip. wash ...... los ; pnol; pnultao; prei ; whirly wind tafiif ni nlag, see: tafiif. preitao. whisper ...... tafusfusrek; talaklak. wash the face ...... fanfan. whistle ...... p!en; safeu. washstrake ...... kortas. white ...... taar1 . wasp ...... lit. White breasted wood swallow watch ...... lekor...... mantilsei. watch over ...... leperkat . who ...... fei. water ...... nai; nsel nai. why ...... ku. Wattle tree ...... nmariu. wide ...... p!olp!lo. wave ...... nao2; taapas. widow ...... maalep1. weak ...... mailum ; m!elm!el. widower ...... p!ut. wear ...... of3 . wife ...... mtulep ; nmatu. weather ...... mal sees , see: mal1. wild ...... mil. weave ...lgaru; lgaskei; nraf1; pau1; wild kava ...... nakser. tiei. wild spiny yam ...... talau.
South Efate Finderlist 131 wildcane young
wildcane ...... nasul . womb ...... naal ni teesa. wilful, strong head .... p!au kerkerai. wood, chip of wood ...... nsem!. win ...... pei2 . wood, forked piece of wood .nsag. wind ...... lagsu; nlag; toklau. work ...... nawesien; wes3; weswes. window ...... namet sees. work hard ...... m!aarak. wine ...... nai miel, see: nai. world ...... emeromen. wing ...... nafarun. worm ...... aslot. wipe ...... tuktau. worry ...... mroput. wise ...... metmatu. wounded ...... mankotik. with ...... plak1; skot . wrap ...... parpar. withdraw, pull back ...... m!osus. Wrasses ...... patru. wither ...... matuktuk. wreath ...... takotp!au. withhold information ...... putmak. wriggler ...... fuknrei. wobbly ...... tuntun. wring clothes ...... plos2. woman ...... mtulep ; nmatu. write ...... mtir. woman still breast-feeding p!kasus, see: sus. Y - y yam ...natoop!; nawip!o; ros; sum!kai; yard ...... elol. togtog. yawn ...... m!la . yam, a strong yam ...... nap!oi2. year ...... ntau1. yam sp ...... ara. yellow ...... m!nam!on. yam sp. mleomiel; nawi; nm!al ; saak; yes ...... ore. talau; togtogm!it; toknimakil; yesterday ...... nanom. wailu. yolk, egg-yolk ...... nanrwor2. yam sp. spiky wild yam .....nayam. young ...... fsofus .
132 South Efate Finderlist