Index of Selected Names

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Index of Selected Names Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01505-0 - The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy: Third Edition Robert Audi & Paul Audi Index More information INDEX OF SELECTED NAMES Most of the thinkers often cited in the Dictionary are themselves the subjects of entries. The following is a list of selected names cited by contributors but not having dedicated entries. Abe Masao: JAPANESE PHILOSOPHY Basil the Great: TERTULLIAN Abu¯ -Sulayma¯n: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Bataille, Georges: FOUCAULT, FRENCH PHILOSOPHY Abu¯ -Zayd: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Baudrillard, Jean: STRUCTURALISM Ackermann, Robert: SORTAL PREDICATE Bauer, Bruno: HEGEL Ackermann, Wilhelm: PROOF THEORY, RELEVANCE LOGIC Beardsley, Monroe: INTENTIONAL FALLACY Addams, Jane: MEAD, PRAGMATISM, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS Bell, John S.: QUANTUM MECHANICS Agamben, Giorgio: ITALIAN PHILOSOPHY Bello, Andrés: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Agricola, Rudolph: VIVES Belnap, Nuel D.: EROTETIC, PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE, Ajdukiewicz, Kasimir: POLISH LOGIC RELEVANCE LOGIC al-’A¯ mirı¯: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Benacerraf, Paul: AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY, PHILOSOPHY OF al-Baghda¯dı¯, ‘Abd-al-Latı¯f: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY MATHEMATICS Albalag: AVERROES, SYLLOGISM Benjamin, Walter: ADORNO, FRANKFURT SCHOOL, MARXISM al-Balkhı¯, Abu¯ -Zayd: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Benn, S. I.: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Alberdi, Juan Bautista: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Bernardino of Siena, Saint: OLIVI Alexander of Aphrodisias: ITALIAN PHILOSOPHY, LYCEUM Bernard of Auvergne: THOMISM Alexander, Samuel: PHILOSOPHY OF MIND Bernard of Trilia: THOMISM Alison, Archibald: BEAUTY Bernays, Paul: CONSISTENCY, PROOF THEORY “Alain”: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY, WEIL Bernier of Nivelles: AVERROES Allais, Maurice: ALLAIS’S PARADOX Bernoulli, Daniel: DECISION THEORY, SAINT PETERSBURG Allen, R. G. D.: DECISION THEORY PARADOX al-Muqammis, Da’u¯d: SAADIAH GAON Bernoulli, Jakob: BERNOULLI’S THEOREM Alonso de la Vera Cruz: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Bertrand, Joseph: BERTRAND’S BOX PARADOX, BERTRAND’S Amelius: NEOPLATONISM, PLOTINUS PARADOX Anderson, Alan: RELEVANCE LOGIC Beth, Evert: BETH’S DEFINABILITY THEOREM, MODEL THEORY Anna Comnena: COMMENTARIES ON ARISTOTLE Biel, Gabriel: DIVINE COMMAND ETHICS Anselm of Laon: ABELARD Bigelow, John: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Anstey, Peter: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Birkhoff, G.: QUANTUM LOGIC Åqvist, Lennart: DEONTIC PARADOXES, EROTETIC Blanchot, Maurice: FOUCAULT, STRUCTURALISM Ardigò, Roberto: ITALIAN PHILOSOPHY Blanshard, Brand: BROAD, COHERENTISM, TRUTH, VALUE Aristarchus: STRATO OF LAMPSACUS THEORY Aristoxenus: LYCEUM, PLATO Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna: THEOSOPHY Armand of Bellevue: THOMISM Block, Ned: FUNCTIONALISM, PHILOSOPHY OF MIND, SEMANTIC ar-Ra¯zı¯, Fakhr-ad-Dı¯n: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY HOLISM ar-Ra¯zı¯, Qutb-ad-Dı¯n: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Bochen´ski, I. M.: POLISH LOGIC Arrow, Kenneth: ARROW’S PARADOX, DECISION THEORY Bode, John: OXFORD CALCULATORS Asclepius: ALEXANDRIAN SCHOOL Boethius of Dacia: DOUBLE TRUTH, SOPHISMATA, TOPICS as-Sarakhsı¯: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Bogdanov, Alexander: RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY as-Sijista¯ni, Abu¯ -Sulayma¯n: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Bohm, David: QUANTUM MECHANICS at-Tu¯sı¯, Nası¯r-ad-Dı¯n: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Bohr, Niels: PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE, QUANTUM MECHANICS Bolyai, János: NON-EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY, PHILOSOPHY OF Baier, Annette: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY MATHEMATICS Baier, Kurt: GERT, IMPARTIALITY Boström, Jacob: NORDIC PHILOSOPHY Bar-Hillel, Y.: INFORMATION THEORY Bouillard, Jean Baptiste: MODULARITY, SPLIT BRAIN Barth, Karl: APOCATASTASIS, EVIDENTIALISM EFFECTS Basil of Cesarea: PATRISTIC AUTHORS Bourbaki, Nicolas: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY 1155 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01505-0 - The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy: Third Edition Robert Audi & Paul Audi Index More information INDEX OF SELECTED NAMES Boutroux, Émile: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY Conrad-Martius, Hedwig: CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY Bouveresse, Jacques: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY Coreth, Emerich: NEO-THOMISM Bowne, Borden Parker: PERSONALISM Craig, William: CRAIG’S INTERPOLATION THEOREM Boyd, Richard: SCIENTIFIC REALISM, SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM Craig, William L.: PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION Boyle, Joseph: NEW NATURAL LAW THEORY Crantor: COMMENTARIES ON PLATO Brahe, Tycho: KEPLER Cresswell, M. J.: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Braudel, Fernand: PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY Cronius: COMMENTARIES ON PLATO Breuer, Josef: FREUD Crysostom, John: PATRISTIC AUTHORS Briceño, Alfonso: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Curry, H. B.: COMBINATORY LOGIC Bridgman, P.: OPERATIONALISM Czez˙owski, Tadeusz: POLISH LOGIC Brightman, Edgar Sheffield: PERSONALISM Brito, Farias: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY D’Agostino, Fred: PUBLIC REASON Broca, Pierre-Paul: MODULARITY, SPLIT BRAIN EFFECTS Dante Alighieri: ITALIAN PHILOSOPHY Bromberger, Sylvain: COVERING LAW MODEL Darden, Lindley: COGNITIVE SCIENCE Buchman, Frank: BUCHMANISM da Silva, Vicenti Ferreira: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Büchner, Ludwig: NEO-KANTIANISM Demetrius of Phaleron: LYCEUM Bunge, Mario: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY, SYSTEMS DeRose, Keith: PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT THEORY d’Etaples, Jacques Lefèvre: HERMETISM Burali-Forti, Cesare: SET-THEORETIC PARADOXES De Tracy, Destutt: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY, LATIN AMERICAN Burks, Arthur W.: COMPUTER THEORY, SELF-REPRODUCING PHILOSOPHY AUTOMATA Deústua, Alejandro Octavio: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Butler, Judith: POSTMODERN Devitt, Michael: SEMANTIC HOLISM Buzzetti, Vincenzo: THOMISM Devlin, Lord Patrick: HART, LEGAL MORALISM de Vries, Hugo: MENDEL Calcidius: COMMENTARIES ON PLATO Dicaearchus: LYCEUM Calvenus Taurus: MIDDLE PLATONISM Dickie, George: INSTITUTIONAL THEORY OF ART Camp, Joseph: PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE, PHILOSOPHY OF Diels, Hermann: DOXOGRAPHERS MIND Diogenes Laertius: DOXOGRAPHERS Campbell, Donald: EVOLUTIONARY EPISTEMOLOGY Dirichlet, Peter: PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS Candish, Stewart: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Do¯ gen: JAPANESE PHILOSOPHY Cano, Melchior: THOMISM Donnellan, Keith: CAUSAL THEORY OF PROPER NAMES, Čapek, Karel: COMPUTER THEORY MARCUS, PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE, SEARLE, THEORY OF Capreolus, John: THOMISM DESCRIPTIONS Carson, Rachel: ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY Doris, John: SITUATIONISM Carter, Brandon: DOOMSDAY ARGUMENT Dostoevsky, Fyodor: PHILOSOPHY OF LITERATURE, RUSSIAN Casaubon, Isaac: HERMETISM PHILOSOPHY Caso, Antonio: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Drake, Durant: CRITICAL REALISM Castoriadis, Cornelius: LYOTARD Draper, Paul: SKEPTICAL THEISM Cauchy, A. L.: CALCULUS Dray, William: COVERING LAW MODEL, PHILOSOPHY OF Celestius: PELAGIANISM HISTORY Chaadaev, Pyotr: RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY Driesch, Hans: ENTELECHY Chalmers, David: PHILOSOPHY OF MIND Dumbleton, John: OXFORD CALCULATORS Chatton, Walter: WODEHAM Duméry, Henry: FRENCH PERSONALISM Chenu, M.-D.: NEO-THOMISM Du Weiming: CHINESE PHILOSOPHY Chinul, Pojo: KOREAN PHILOSOPHY Chong, Yag-yong: KOREAN PHILOSOPHY Earman, John: BAYESIAN RATIONALITY Christina of Sweden: DESCARTES Ebreo, Leone: ABRABANEL, JUDAH Chubb, Thomas: DEISM Eccles, John C.: DUALISM, POPPER Chwistek, Leon: POLISH LOGIC Echevarría, Esteban: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Cixous, Hélène: POSTMODERN Eisner, Kurt: COHEN Clark, Romane: OPERATOR THEORY OF ADVERBS Eliot, George: MELIORISM Clarke, W. Norris: NEO-THOMISM Eliot, T. S.: ROYCE Clitomachus: NEW ACADEMY Ellis, Brian: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Coady, C. A. J.: AUSTRALASIAN PHILOSOPHY Elster, Jon: NORDIC PHILOSOPHY, SOCIAL ACTION Coase, Ronald: COASE THEOREM Engel, Pascal: FRENCH PHILOSOPHY Cohen, Morris R.: NATURALISM Esat, Yanyali: ARABIC PHILOSOPHY Cohen, Paul J.: FORCING, INDEPENDENCE RESULTS Eubulides: MEGARIANS, SEMANTIC PARADOXES Cohen, Stewart: PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT Euclid: MEGARIANS Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: LITERARY THEORY, Eudorus of Alexandria: COMMENTARIES ON PLATO, MIDDLE TRANSCENDENTALISM PLATONISM Colet, John: ERASMUS Euken, Rodolf: LEBENSPHILOSOPHIE Collins, Anthony: CLARKE, DEISM Euler, Leonhard: CALCULUS, EULER DIAGRAM 1156 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01505-0 - The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy: Third Edition Robert Audi & Paul Audi Index More information INDEX OF SELECTED NAMES Eusebius: COMMENTARIES ON ARISTOTLE Grelling, Kurt: VIENNA CIRCLE Evans, Gareth: ANAPHORA, MEANING, PHILOSOPHY OF MIND, Griffin, James: WELL-BEING SINGULARITY Grim, Patrick: PARADOX OF OMNISCIENCE Grizet, Germain: NEW NATURAL LAW THEORY Fabro, Cornelio: NEO-THOMISM, THOMISM Grover, Dorothy: PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE Fantl, Jeremy: PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT Guattari, Félix: STRUCTURALISM, TRANSVERSALITY Farias Brito, Raimundo de: LATIN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY Gupta, Anil: NATURAL KINDS Feferman, Solomon: PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS Feigl, Herbert: PHILOSOPHY OF MIND, PHYSICALISM, VIENNA Haaparanta, Leila: HINTIKKA CIRCLE Hartnack, Justus: NORDIC PHILOSOPHY Ferrater Mora, José: SPANISH PHILOSOPHY Halldén, Sören: DECISION THEORY Festinger, Leon: COGNITIVE DISSONANCE Hampshire, Stuart: MURDOCH Feyerabend, Paul: INCOMMENSURABILITY, SEMANTIC HOLISM, Hanson, Norwood Russell: ABDUCTION, THEORY-LADEN THEORY-LADEN Harding, Sandra: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM Field, Hartry: MEANING, PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS, Harrington, James: CLASSICAL REPUBLICANISM SEMANTIC HOLISM Harris, Zellig: PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE Fine, Arthur: POSTMODERN Harsanyi, John C.: DECISION THEORY Finnis, John: NEW NATURAL LAW THEORY Hawthorne, John: PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT Firth, Roderick: IDEAL OBSERVER, MORAL SENSE THEORY Hayek, F. A. von: HISTORICISM Fischer, Kuno: NEO-KANTIANISM, WINDELBAND Heal, Jane: SIMULATION THEORY Fisher, R. A.: BAYES’S THEOREM, BERNOULLI’S THEOREM, Hebb, D. O.: HOLOGRAM MENDEL,
Recommended publications
  • Antoine De Chandieu (1534-1591): One of the Fathers Of
    CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY ANTOINE DE CHANDIEU (1534-1591): ONE OF THE FATHERS OF REFORMED SCHOLASTICISM? A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY THEODORE GERARD VAN RAALTE GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN MAY 2013 CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 3233 Burton SE • Grand Rapids, Michigan • 49546-4301 800388-6034 fax: 616 957-8621 [email protected] www. calvinseminary. edu. This dissertation entitled ANTOINE DE CHANDIEU (1534-1591): L'UN DES PERES DE LA SCHOLASTIQUE REFORMEE? written by THEODORE GERARD VAN RAALTE and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy has been accepted by the faculty of Calvin Theological Seminary upon the recommendation of the undersigned readers: Richard A. Muller, Ph.D. I Date ~ 4 ,,?tJ/3 Dean of Academic Programs Copyright © 2013 by Theodore G. (Ted) Van Raalte All rights reserved For Christine CONTENTS Preface .................................................................................................................. viii Abstract ................................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1 Introduction: Historiography and Scholastic Method Introduction .............................................................................................................1 State of Research on Chandieu ...............................................................................6 Published Research on Chandieu’s Contemporary
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Disobedience
    Civil Disobedience Henry David Toreau Civil Disobedience Henry David Toreau Foreword by Connor Boyack Libertas Institute Salt Lake City, Utah Civil Disobedience Thoreau’s essay is out of copyright and in the public domain; this version is lightly edited for modernization. Supplemental essays are copyrighted by their respective authors and included with permission. The foreword is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. LIBERTAS PRESS 770 E. MAIN STREET, SUITE 255 LEHI, UT 84043 Civil Disobedience / Henry David Toreau — 1st ed. First printing, June 2014 Cover Design by Ben Jenkins Manufactured in the United States of America For bulk orders, send inquiries to: [email protected] ISBN-13: 978-0-9892912-3-1 dedicated to Edward Snowden for doing what was right “Te most foolish notion of all is the belief that everything is just which is found in the customs or laws of nations. Would that be true, even if these laws had been enacted by tyrants?” “What of the many deadly, the many pestilential statutes which nations put in force? Tese no more deserve to be called laws than the rules a band of robbers might pass in their assembly. For if ignorant and unskillful men have prescribed deadly poisons instead of healing drugs, these cannot possibly be called physicians’ prescriptions; neither in a nation can a statute of any sort be called a law, even though the nation, in spite of being a ruinous regulation, has accepted it.” —Cicero Foreword by Connor Boyack Americans know Henry David Thoreau as the author of Walden, a narrative published in 1854 detailing the author’s life at Walden Pond, on property owned by his friend Ralph Waldo Emerson near Concord, Massachusetts.
    [Show full text]
  • Method: Journal of Lonergan Studies, Vol. 16, No. 1
    VOLUME16 ER 1 SPRING19 METHOD lournalof LonerganStudies VolumeL6 NumberLSPring199S PATRICK H. BYRNE CHARLESC. HEFLINC, JR. MARK D. MORELU Editor Eilitor Editor KERRYCRoNIN ANNE E. C/DONNELL Business Manager Editoial Manager CONTENTS Fredeick E. Crcnoe. 1 Editor's lntroduction BernardI . F. Lonergan 5 "Variations in Fundamental Theology" LouisRoy, O.P. 25 Schleiermacher'sEpistemology IamesSwindal 47 The Role of Cognitive Reflection in Bernard Lonergan's Moral TheologY 67 BooK REvIEws METHzD:lournal of LonerganStudies is published by The Lonergan Institute at Boston College METHoD: lournal of Lonergan Studies aims, first, at furthering interpretive, historical, and critical study of the philosophicaf theological, economic, and methodological writings of Bernard l,onergan. Secondly, it aims at promoting original research into the methodological foundations of the sciencesand disciplines. METHoD is published twice yearly, in April and October, by The Lonergan Institute at Boston College. SuBscRtPrtoNPRICE 1998: $16.00 yearly for individuals, $28.00yearly for institutions (U.S. currency). SUBSCRIPTIoNORDERS must be prepaid in U.S. funds and should be addressed to the Business Manager, Meruoo, Lonergan Center, Bapst Library, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02767-3806. Changes of address and other correspondence related to subscriptions and advertising should be sent to the same address. MANUScRIPTSshould be sent to Mark Morelli METHoD, Deparhent of Philosophy, Loyola Marymount University, Loyola Blvd. at W. 80th Street, Los Angeles, CA 9fiX5 or to Kerry Cronin, METHoD,Lonergan Center, Bapst Library, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167-3806.In order to facilitate an early decisioru authors should send three copies of each manurript, double-spaced throughou! including footnotes. Submissions should be accompanied by a short biographical note.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Holcot, O-P-, on Prophecy, the Contingency of Revelation, and the Freedom of God JOSEPH M
    Robert Holcot, O-P-, on Prophecy, the Contingency of Revelation, and the Freedom of God JOSEPH M. INCANDELA In a recent work, William Courtenay refers to the issues in Holcot's writings under discussion in this essay as "theological sophismata."1 That they are. But it is the burden of this essay to suggest that they are more: Holcot's interest in these questions had a funda- mentally practical import, and such seemingly esoteric philosophical and theological speculation was in the service of a pastoral program geared to preaching the faith to unbelievers. For someone in a religious order charged with this mission, questions that may initially appear only as sophismata may actually perform quite different functions when examined in context. Robert Holcot was best known in his own time as a comment tator on the Book of Wisdom. Wey writes that this work "made its author famous overnight and his fame held throughout the next two centuries."2 Wey also proposes that it was because of the rep- utation won with the Wisdom-commentary that Holcot's Sentences- commentary and some quodlibet questions were printed four times 1. William]. Courtenay, Schools and Scholars in Fourteenth Century England (Prince- ton: Princeton University Press, 1987), p. 303. 2. Joseph C. Wey, "The Sermo Finalis of Robert Holcot," Medieval Studies 11 (1949): 219-224, at p. 219. 165 166 JOSEPH M. INCANDELA between 1497 and 1518. His thought was also deemed important enough to be discussed and compared with that of Scotus and Ockham in a work by Jacques Almain printed in 1526.
    [Show full text]
  • 'The Supreme Principle of Morality'? in the Preface to His Best
    The Supreme Principle of Morality Allen W. Wood 1. What is ‘The Supreme Principle of Morality’? In the Preface to his best known work on moral philosophy, Kant states his purpose very clearly and succinctly: “The present groundwork is, however, nothing more than the search for and establishment of the supreme principle of morality, which already constitutes an enterprise whole in its aim and to be separated from every other moral investigation” (Groundwork 4:392). This paper will deal with the outcome of the first part of this task, namely, Kant’s attempt to formulate the supreme principle of morality, which is the intended outcome of the search. It will consider this formulation in light of Kant’s conception of the historical antecedents of his attempt. Our first task, however, must be to say a little about the meaning of the term ‘supreme principle of morality’. For it is not nearly as evident to many as it was to Kant that there is such a thing at all. And it is extremely common for people, whatever position they may take on this issue, to misunderstand what a ‘supreme principle of morality’ is, what it is for, and what role it is supposed to play in moral theorizing and moral reasoning. Kant never directly presents any argument that there must be such a principle, but he does articulate several considerations that would seem to justify supposing that there is. Kant holds that moral questions are to be decided by reason. Reason, according to Kant, always seeks unity under principles, and ultimately, systematic unity under the fewest possible number of principles (Pure Reason A298-302/B355-359, A645- 650/B673-678).
    [Show full text]
  • PAULUS NICOLETTUS VENETUS, Sophismata Aurea
    PAULUS NICOLETTUS VENETUS, Sophismata aurea [Golden Sophisms] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper Northern Italy, Reggio d’Emilia (Ferrara?) or Padua?, dated 1417 65 ff., complete (collation: i-iii12, iv-v10, vi9 [10-1, with last leaf of quire likely a cancelled blank]), on paper (a number of watermarks, respectively close to (1) Briquet, no. 2637-2638: “Basilic” (e.g. f. 7), Reggio-d’Emilia, 1404, Ferrara, 1406, Udine, 1402-1408; see also Briquet no. 2663: Ferrara, 1417; (2) Briquet, no. 809: “Arc” (e.g. f. 27), Siena, 1410: Lucca, 1423 [but also Cologne, 1419]; (3) Briquet, no. 11687:“Monts” (e. g. f. 57), Padova, 1408-1415 or Briquet, no. 11689, Florence, 1411-1421 or Pisa, 1416), written in a tight and highly abridged gothic bookhand by a single hand (except table of contents on f. 65v, by a different although contemporary hand), text in two columns, quire signatures, a few catchwords (e.g. fol. 24v), paper ruled in brown ink (justification 186 x 140 mm.), paragraph marks in red, some capitals struck in red, painted initials in red or blue throughout, some larger parti-colored initials in red and blue, a variety of contemporary or slightly later marginal annotations and corrections (worthy of in-depth study). Bound in uncovered pasteboard, spine reinforced with snippets of inscribed parchment, spine sewn on three raised thongs left apparent, covers and spine meant to subsequently receive a leather covering (unfinished), pastedowns lined with reused paper copied in a cursive bâtarde script in brown ink, containing excerpts from Italian notarial documents pertaining to the town of Novalino (?) (another form for Nodano, near Brescia?) and the monastery of San Pietro de Novalino and dated 1504 (Some foxing, a few waterstains, mostly marginal, first paper leaf darkened, perhaps due to past exposure, still completely legible).
    [Show full text]
  • Preprint N°500
    2020 Preprint N°500 From Hesiod to Saussure, from Hippocrates to Jevons: An Introduction to the History of Scientific Thought between Iran and the Atlantic Jens Høyrup ROSKILDE UNIVERSITY MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR Section for philosophy WISSENSCHAFTSGESCHICHTE and science studies Berlin FROM HESIOD TO SAUSSURE, FROM HIPPOCRATES TO JEVONS An introduction to the history of scientific thought between Iran and the Atlantic Jens Høyrup Preprint, April 2020 ©2020 Jens Høyrup In memory of Alex Novikoff whose Climbing Our Family Tree introduced me to scientific thinking at the age of six I promise nothing complete; because any human thing supposed to be complete, must for that reason infallibly be faulty Herman Melville, Moby Dick Jens Høyrup Section for Philosophy and Science Studies Roskilde University P.O. Box 260 DK-4000 Roskilde Denmark [email protected] http://ruc.dk/~jensh/ Greek alphabet V GREEK ALPHABET As a pretext for training the use of a dictionary of ancient Greek, the following pages contain a few words written in Greek letters. The four columns below show the corresponding alphabet – first the Greek minuscule, then the corresponding majuscule, then the name, and finally the approximate phonetic value (which does not always coincide with the phonetic value in modern Greek). αΑalpha a βΒBeta b γΓGamma g ( before γ, κ and χ; γγ thus as ng in English anger, γκ as nk in ink) δΔDelta d εΕEpsilon e (short) ζΖZeta z (i.e., voiced s) ηΗEta e¯ (long) θΘTheta þ (unvoiced th; originally t’) ιΙIota i (as i in English if or e in be, may thus be short or long) κΚKappa k λΛLambda l µΜMu m νΝNu n ξΞKsi ks οΟOmikron o (short) πΠPi p ρΡRho r (transcribed rh in initial posi- tion) σΣSigma s ςΣSigma s (used in final position) τΤTau t υΥYpsilon y (as German ü) φΦPhi f (originally p’) χΧKhi χ (as ch in German Ich; orig- inally k’) ψΨPsi ps ωΩOmega o¯ (long) The following double vowels may be taken note of: VI Greek alphabet αυ au ευ eu ου u (as English oo) Vowels in the initial position are marked by one of the two aspiration marks and .
    [Show full text]
  • Dónal P. O'mathúna · Vilius Dranseika Bert Gordijn Editors
    Advancing Global Bioethics 11 Dónal P. O’Mathúna · Vilius Dranseika Bert Gordijn Editors Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories Advancing Global Bioethics Volume 11 Series editors Henk A.M.J. ten Have Duquesne University Pittsburgh, USA Bert Gordijn Institute of Ethics Dublin City University Dublin, Ireland The book series Global Bioethics provides a forum for normative analysis of a vast range of important new issues in bioethics from a truly global perspective and with a cross-cultural approach. The issues covered by the series include among other things sponsorship of research and education, scientific misconduct and research integrity, exploitation of research participants in resource-poor settings, brain drain and migration of healthcare workers, organ trafficking and transplant tourism, indigenous medicine, biodiversity, commodification of human tissue, benefit sharing, bio-industry and food, malnutrition and hunger, human rights, and climate change. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10420 Dónal P. O’Mathúna • Vilius Dranseika Bert Gordijn Editors Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories Editors Dónal P. O’Mathúna Vilius Dranseika School of Nursing and Human Sciences Vilnius University Dublin City University Vilnius, Lithuania Dublin, Ireland College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA Bert Gordijn Institute of Ethics Dublin City University Dublin, Ireland This publication is based upon work from COST Action IS1201, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks - www.cost.eu. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers.
    [Show full text]
  • Medieval Philosophy: an Historical and Philosophical Introduction
    MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY ‘Dr Marenbon’s book is an authoritative, comprehensive, yet accessible survey of medieval philosophy, written by an expert at the height of his critical powers. Not only does the book guide the reader through the diverse issues of medieval philosophy, but provides sagacious instruction and illuminating commentary on the central topics of its chosen period of study.’ Martin Stone, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium. ‘Marenbon has managed to write about an enormous array of topics in a lucid and accessible way. His prose is clear without being condescending, informative without being either patronizing or importunate. The beginner will find it approachable and unpretentious.’ Peter King, University of Toronto, Canada This new introduction replaces Marenbon’s best-selling editions Early Medieval Philosophy (1983) and Later Medieval Philosophy (1987) to present a single author- itative and comprehensive study of the period. An entirely new book, written in the light of the scholarship of the last twenty years, it will be the standard companion for all students of medieval philosophy. It gives a lucid and engaging account of the history of philosophy in the Middle Ages, discussing the main writers and ideas, the social and intellectual contexts, and the important concepts used in medieval philosophy. Medieval Philosophy gives a chronological account which: • treats all four main traditions of philosophy that stem from the Greek heritage of late antiquity: Greek Christian philosophy, Latin philosophy, Arabic philos- ophy and Jewish philosophy • provides a series of ‘study’ sections for close attention to arguments and shorter ‘interludes’ that point to the wider questions of the intellectual context • combines philosophical analysis with historical background • includes a helpful detailed guide to further reading and an extensive bibliography All students of medieval philosophy, medieval history, theology or religion will find this necessary reading.
    [Show full text]
  • Truth and Truthmaking in 17Th-Century Scholasticism
    Truth and Truthmaking in 17th-Century Scholasticism by Brian Embry A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy University of Toronto © Copyright by Brian Embry 2015 Truth and Truthmaking in 17th-Century Scholasticism Brian Embry Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy University of Toronto 2015 Abstract Some propositions are true and others are false. What explains this difference? Some philosophers have recently defended the view that a proposition is true because there is an entity, its truthmaker, that makes it true. Call this the ‘truthmaker principle’. The truthmaker principle is controversial, occasioning the rise of a large contemporary debate about the nature of truthmaking and truthmakers. What has gone largely unnoticed is that scholastics of the early modern period also had the notion of a truthmaker [verificativum], and this notion is at the center of early modern scholastic disputes about the ontological status of negative entities, the past and future, and uninstantiated essences. My project is to explain how early modern scholastics conceive of truthmaking and to show how they use the notion of a truthmaker to regiment ontological enquiry. I argue that the notion of a truthmaker is born of a certain conception of truth according to which truth is a mereological sum of a true mental sentence and its intentional object. This view entails the truthmaker principle and is responsible for some surprising metaphysical views. For example, it leads many early modern scholastics to posit irreducible negative entities as truthmakers for negative truths, giving rise to an extensive literature on the nature of negative entities.
    [Show full text]
  • Jean Buridan's Theory of Individuation
    c Peter King, in Individuation and Scholasticism (SUNY 1994), 397–430 BURIDAN’S THEORY OF INDIVIDUATION* 1. Introduction URIDAN holds that no principle or cause accounts for the individuality of the individual, or at least no principle or B cause other than the very individual itself, and thus there is no ‘metaphysical’ problem of individuation at all—individuality, unlike gen- erality, is primitive and needs no explanation. He supports this view in two ways. First, he argues that there are no nonindividual entities, whether existing in their own right or as metaphysical constituents either of things or in things, and hence that no real principle or cause of individuality (other than the individual itself) is required. Second, he offers a ‘semantic’ inter- pretation of what appear to be metaphysical difficulties about individuality by recasting the issues in the formal mode, as issues within semantics, such as how a referring expression can pick out a single individual. Yet although there is no ‘metaphysical’ problem of individuation, Buridan discusses two associated problems at some length: the identity of individuals over time and the discernibility of individuals. The discussion will proceed as follows. In §2, Buridan’s semantic frame- work, the idiom in which he couches his philosophical analyses, will be * References to Buridan are taken from a variety of his works (with abbreviations listed): Questions on Aristotle’s “Categories” (QC); Questions on Aristotle’s “Physics” (QSP); Questions on Aristotle’s “De caelo et mundo” (QCM); Questions on Aristotle’s “De anima” (QA); Questions on Aristotle’s “Metaphysics” (QM); Treatise on Supposi- tion (TS); Sophismata; Treatise on Consequences (TC).
    [Show full text]
  • ETHICS and ELOQUENCE in JOURNALISM an Approach To
    ETHICS AND ELOQUENCE IN JOURNALISM An approach to press accountability Theodore L. Glasser and James S. Ettema Journalists’ common sense, their everyday moral intuitions, offers a practical but flawed way of knowing right from wrong. But rather than discounting or dismissing this ‘‘naı¨ve everyday ethical knowledge,’’ which would rob journalism of its normative substance, we propose to rehabilitate it through a process of public justification. Grounded in aspects of Ju¨rgen Habermas’s theory of communicative ethics, we offer a model of press accountability that understands ethics as a process rather than an outcome. Our being-ethical-means-being-accountable theme emphasizes the role of eloquence, understood as the competence to argue in ways that advance common or shared interests, in an open and accessible discursive test of the validity of journalism’s moral norms. KEYWORDS accountability; common sense; discourse ethics; journalism ethics Downloaded By: [Glasser, Theodore L] At: 20:42 27 June 2008 Introduction The problem of ethics in journalism, we argue, is not the inability of journalists to know right from wrong but their inability to talk articulately and reflectively about it. The challenge of ethics in journalism is not, then, to facilitate the discovery of moral laws that yield ethical truths, for being ethical requires neither a knowledge of abstract principles nor a familiarity with arcane theories of morality. Rather, being ethical requires the facility to argue articulately and deliberate thoughtfully about moral dilemmas, which in the end means being able to justify, publicly and compellingly, their resolution. The aim of ethics is, in a word, accountability.
    [Show full text]