Advancing Global Bioethics 11 Dónal P. O’Mathúna · Vilius Dranseika Bert Gordijn Editors Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories Advancing Global Bioethics Volume 11 Series editors Henk A.M.J. ten Have Duquesne University Pittsburgh, USA Bert Gordijn Institute of Ethics Dublin City University Dublin, Ireland The book series Global Bioethics provides a forum for normative analysis of a vast range of important new issues in bioethics from a truly global perspective and with a cross-cultural approach. The issues covered by the series include among other things sponsorship of research and education, scientific misconduct and research integrity, exploitation of research participants in resource-poor settings, brain drain and migration of healthcare workers, organ trafficking and transplant tourism, indigenous medicine, biodiversity, commodification of human tissue, benefit sharing, bio-industry and food, malnutrition and hunger, human rights, and climate change. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10420 Dónal P. O’Mathúna • Vilius Dranseika Bert Gordijn Editors Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories Editors Dónal P. O’Mathúna Vilius Dranseika School of Nursing and Human Sciences Vilnius University Dublin City University Vilnius, Lithuania Dublin, Ireland College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA Bert Gordijn Institute of Ethics Dublin City University Dublin, Ireland This publication is based upon work from COST Action IS1201, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks - www.cost.eu. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation. ISSN 2212-652X ISSN 2212-6538 (electronic) Advancing Global Bioethics ISBN 978-3-319-92721-3 ISBN 978-3-319-92722-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92722-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018954481 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. 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This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Contents 1 Conceptualizing and Assessing Disasters: An Introduction . 1 Dónal P. O’Mathúna and Bert Gordijn Part I Conceptualization of Disasters in Different Disciplines 2 Conceptualizations of Disasters in Philosophy �������������������������������������� 13 Per Sandin 3 Christian Theology and Disasters: Where is God in All This? ������������ 27 Dónal P. O’Mathúna 4 Disasters and Responsibility. Normative Issues for Law Following Disasters �������������������������������������������������������������������� 43 Kristian Cedervall Lauta 5 The Ethical Content of the Economic Analysis of Disasters: Price Gouging and Post-Disaster Recovery . 55 Ilan Noy 6 Political Science Perspectives ������������������������������������������������������������������ 69 Rob A. DeLeo 7 You Can’t go Home Again: On the Conceptualization of Disasters in Ancient Greek Tragedy �������������������������������������������������� 87 Jan Helge Solbakk 8 Conceptualizing Disasters from a Gender Perspective . 105 Ayesha Ahmad 9 Bio-ethical Considerations for Public Health in Humanitarian Action . 119 Siri Tellier v vi Contents Part II Moral Theories and Response to Disasters 10 Disaster Consequentialism ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 145 Vojin Rakić 11 Disasters, Vulnerability and Human Rights ������������������������������������������ 157 Henk ten Have 12 Capabilities, Ethics and Disasters ���������������������������������������������������������� 175 Andrew Crabtree 13 Disasters and Communitarianism ���������������������������������������������������������� 189 Paul Voice 14 Virtue Ethics and Disasters . 203 Lars Löfquist 15 Kantian Virtue Ethics Approaches . 217 Eleni Kalokairinou 16 The Loss of Deontology on the Road to Apathy: Examples of Homelessness and IVF Now, with Disaster to Follow . 229 Veselin Mitrović and Naomi Zack Index ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 241 Contributors Ayesha Ahmad Lecturer in Global Health, Institute for Medical and Biomedical Education, St George’s University of London, UK; [email protected]. Ayesha Ahmad is a philosopher specialising in ethics and working in Global Health. Particular areas of expertise are cross-cultural mental health and trauma in the con- text of gender-based violence and conflict. Andrew Crabtree Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark; ac.msc@ cbs.dk. Andrew Crabtree works primarily on ethics and sustainability issues related to the human development paradigm and contractualism. Particular interests include, justice, climate change, human development and environmental indicators, disas- ters, mental health and culture. Robert DeLeo Assistant Professor, Department of Global Studies, Bentley University, USA; [email protected]. Rob DeLeo is an assistant professor of pub- lic policy. Research focus is on the political dynamics of policy change in anticipa- tion of emerging hazards, including novel diseases and other public health issues, technological dangers, and the various risks associated with climate change. Vilius Dranseika Lecturer, Institute of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Lithuania and Researcher, Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania; [email protected]. His main academic inter- ests are research ethics, moral psychology, and experimental philosophy. Bert Gordijn Professor and Director, Institute of Ethics, School of Theology, Philosophy, and Music, Dublin City University, Ireland; [email protected]. Bert Gordijn has served on Advisory Panels and Expert Committees of the European Chemical Industry Council, the European Patent Organisation, the Irish Department of Health and UNESCO. Bert is Editor-in-Chief of two book series: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology and Advances in Global Bioethics as well as a peer reviewed journal: Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, all published by vii viii Contributors Springer Nature. He is Secretary of the European Society for Philosophy of Medicine and Healthcare and President of the International Association of Education in Ethics. Eleni Kalokairinou Associate Professor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy and Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; [email protected]. Eleni Kalokairinou studied philosophy and her research interests focus on moral philosophy, applied ethics, bioethics, Ancient Greek ethical theories with an empha- sis on Aristotle and the Hellenistic Ethical Theories, the origins of bioethics in clas- sical antiquity, on Kant’s ethical theory, and political philosophy with an emphasis on liberalism and communitarianism. Kristian Cedervall Lauta Associate Professor, Center for International Law, Conflict and Crisis, Faculty of Law and Copenhagen Center for Disaster Research (COPE), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; [email protected]. He is the author of Disaster Law (Routledge 2015) and of numerous international peer-reviewed arti- cles on law and disaster risk. Lars Löfquist Senior Lecturer, Theology Department, Uppsala University, Sweden; [email protected]. Lars Löfquist’s research background is in the field of ethics in which he obtained his PhD. His current research focuses on how humanitarian workers can cultivate moral character traits and especially how orga- nizations can support these traits. Veselin L. Mitrović Senior Research Associate, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected]. Research activities focus on bioethics,