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Thunderstorm Terminology Thunderstorm Terminology Thunderstorm — Updraft — Downdraft Cold front — Cumulonimbus cloud Latent heat — Isolated thunderstorms Cloudburst — Precipitation — Hail Thunderstorm lightning, thunder, rain, and dense clouds; may include heavy rain, hail, and strong winds Updraft an upward flow of air Downdraft a downward flow of air Cold front leading edge of a mass of heavy, colder air that is advancing Cumulonimbus giant clouds piled on top of each other; top cloud spreads out in the shape of an anvil heat released when water vapor condenses; is Latent heat the main driving energy of thunderstorms Isolated short-lived storms with light winds; usually do thunderstorms not produce violent weather on the ground Cloudburst sudden and short-lived heavy rainfall that usually occurs in a small area any moisture that falls from clouds and Precipitation reaches the ground Hail balls of ice about .2 inch (5 mm) to 6 inches (15 cm) that sometimes accompany storms WriteBonnieRose.com 1 Thunderstorm Terminology Dry thunderstorm — Thunder — Lightning Bead lightning — Ball lightning — Microburst Multiple-cell storms — Supercell Mesocyclone — Tornado Dry thunderstorm a storm where all raindrops evaporate while falling and none reach the ground sound heard when lightning heats the air so Thunder strongly and quickly it produces shock waves Lightning discharge of electricity after electric charges on particles in clouds grow large enough Bead lightning infrequent; looks like a string of bright spots; also called chain lightning Ball lightning rare; looks like a bright ball and occurs near the ground; also called globe lightning winds that hit the ground, fan out, and cause Microburst a sudden change in wind direction or speed storms where one cell grows stronger, then Multiple-cell storms weakens while another takes over; repeats Supercell a large, dangerous, and powerful thunderstorm that contains a mesocyclone Mesocyclone an air mass in a supercell that rotates rapidly Tornado a violent windstorm where destructive winds swirl, often in a funnel shape, over land WriteBonnieRose.com 2 Thunderstorm: lightning, thunder, rain, and dense clouds; may include heavy rain, hail, and strong winds Thunderstorm:/lightning, thunder,/rain,/and/////// dense/clouds;/may/////// include/heavy/rain,/hail,/ and/strong/winds//////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 3 Updraft: an upward flow of air Updraft:/an/upward//// flow/of/air/////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 4 Downdraft: a downward flow of air Downdraft:/a//////////// downward/flow/of/air/// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 5 Cold front: leading edge of a mass of heavy, colder air that is advancing Cold/front:/leading///// edge/of/a/mass/of///// heavy,/colder/air/that// is/advancing///////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 6 Cumulonimbus cloud: giant clouds piled on top of each other; top spreads out in the shape of an anvil Cumulonimbus/cloud://// giant/clouds/piled/on/// top/of/each/other;/top/ spreads/out/in/the////// shape/of/an/anvil/////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 7 Latent heat: heat released when water vapor condenses; is the main driving energy of thunderstorms Latent/heat:/heat/////// released/when/water//// vapor/condenses;/is/the/ main/driving/energy/of/ thunderstorms/////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 8 Isolated thunderstorms: short-lived storms with light winds; usually do not produce violent weather on the ground Isolated/thunderstorms:/ short-lived/storms/with/ light/winds;/usually/do// not/produce/violent///// weather/on/the/ground/ /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 9 Cloudburst: sudden and short-lived heavy rainfall that usually occurs in a small area Cloudburst:/sudden///// and/short-lived/heavy// rainfall/that/usually//// occurs/in/a/small/area// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 10 Precipitation: any moisture that falls from clouds and reaches the ground Precipitation:/any/////// moisture/that/falls////// from/clouds/and//////// reaches/the/ground///// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 11 Hail: balls of ice about .2 inch (5 mm) to 6 inches (15 cm) that sometimes accompany storms Hail:/balls/of/ice//////// about/.2/inch/(5/mm)/// to/6/inches/(15/cm)///// that/sometimes////////// accompany/storms////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 12 Dry thunderstorm: a storm where all raindrops evaporate while falling and none reach the ground Dry/thunderstorm:/a//// storm/where/all////////// raindrops/evaporate//// while/falling/and/none// reach/the/ground/////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 13 Thunder: sound heard when lightning heats the air so strongly and quickly it produces shock waves Thunder:/sound/heard/// when/lightning/heats//// the/air/so/strongly/and/ quickly/it/produces////// shock/waves////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 14 Lightning: discharge of electricity after electric charges on particles in clouds grow large enough Lightning:/discharge/of/ electricity/after///////// electric/charges/on///// particles/in/clouds/////// grow/large/enough////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 15 Bead lightning: infrequent; looks like a string of bright spots; also called chain lightning Bead/lightning:////////// infrequent;/looks/like/a/ string/of/bright/spots;// also/called/chain//////// lightning///////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 16 Ball lightning: rare; looks like a bright ball and occurs near the ground; also called globe lightning Ball/lightning:/rare;///// looks/like/a/bright/ball// and/occurs/near/the//// ground;/also/called///// globe/lightning////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 17 Microburst: winds that hit the ground, fan out, and cause a sudden change in wind direction or speed Microburst:/winds/that// hit/the/ground,/fan/out, and/cause/a/sudden//// change/in/wind////////// direction/or/speed////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 18 Multiple-cell storms: storms where one cell grows stronger, then weakens while another takes over; repeats Multiple-cell/storms://// storms/where/one/cell/// grows/stronger,/then//// weakens/while/another/ takes/over;/repeats///// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 19 Supercell: a large, dangerous, and powerful thunderstorm that contains a mesocyclone Supercell:/a/large,/////// dangerous,/and////////// powerful/thunderstorm/ that/contains/a////////// mesocyclone///////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// WriteBonnieRose.com 20 Mesocyclone: an air mass in a supercell that rotates rapidly Mesocyclone:/an/air//// mass/in/a/supercell///// that/rotates/rapidly//// /////////////////////////// /////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////
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