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National Technical Information Service US AD-758 699 CONTROLLER-REPORTED PERFORMANCE DEFECTS IN THE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL RADAR BEACON SYSTEM (1971 SURVEY) Bruce Rubinger Transportation Systems Center Prepared for: Federal Aviation Administration March 1973 DISTRIBUTED BY: National Technical Information Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Va. 22151 $m ea o e• m m =m m m m REPORT NO. FAA-RD-73-16 CONTROLLER-REPORTED PERFORMANCE DEFECTS INTHE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL RADAR BEACON SYSTEM 0 (1971 SURVEY) Bruce Rubinger 0~ z1 THROUG TOf ATINLTCNCRE * * MARhIN1973 VIRGINIA 22151 Prepared for DEPARTMENT OF TRAEISPORTATIO/l FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Systems Research and Develcpment Service Washington, D.C. 20591 NATIONAL IEC,4NICAL INFORMATION SERVIPSVICE NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Govern- ment assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. NOTICE The United States government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are con- sidered essential to the object of this report. Use of this report in any manner whatsoever for advertising p rposes is prohibited. ..... ................. TECIhNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE 1.RpitM.2. Gocoevsom' Accoss...t Me. 3. Recii~-et's ca'rm-"N. FAA-RD-73-16 _ eotDf _ Tjl n _ uie5 _ CONTROILER-REPORTED PERFORMhNCE DEFECTS IN THE AIR March 1973 TRAFFIC CONTRmOL RADAR BEACON SYSTEM (1971 SURVEY) 6- Pod.,,_ 1 .. _Oe _ Code _ _ Bruce Rubinger DOYT-TSC-FAA-72 40 Department of Transportation R32 Transportation Systems Center F31 Kedall Square ____A319 ________ Cambridge, MA. 02142 13- T"- of *.-,.. ood pos C..wa.. 12.SoosorgAgency Now* .sd Aid..ss FnlRpr Department of Transportation Novemae Reprt1 Federal Aviation Administration December 1971 ISystems Rosearch and Develcpment Service Ed. -. o Af- Ceito I Washingtoan, D.C. 20591 IS. S'..1 Ismoneai'y Net*$ 16Astac This report analyzes the returns from a recent ATC performance survey initiated by the Beacon System Interference Problem Subgroup. The survey beganon ith poebroble7s cnd idered freproesentai. ofrtieieatirewys lmtedin- 3faniiteont27roveberm 191ondsiasted fopretosenaieks Particieatire waslmted to- cluded were enroute centers, civilian towers and military air traffic instal- lat'ons. Examination of the deficiency data revealed that the most commn nationwide problem was the loss cf beacon cco'erage for a short period of time. This is followed by broken target slash, ring around, loss of coverage for long time, and false targets. The returns are sotdt dniytetp fa raft involved In the reported discrepancies. For each aircraft the data is further refined on the basis of error category, and the performance summnarized by an error matrix. Attention is focused on the air carriers and the beacon dis- crepancies associated with this group are cartaloguEd. Air traffic statistics are derived and employed to normalize the discrepancy information. The re- sulting data reveals significant performance variation among the different a air carriers, as well as between different aircraft. Finally, the manner in which the survey was conducted is discussed, and recommnendations made for I automating future performance tests. 17. Key Words 18. Distriblution Statement Air Traffic Control, Radar Beecon Discrepancy Reports, Controller Fault INFORMATION SERVICE. SPRINGFIELD. Reports, Beacon System Performance VIRGINIA 22151 19 ecrtyCcs,.hi Fot 2.Security CI....f. (of this Pogo) 21. No. of Pages 2. Price Unclassified Unclassified 200 Form DOT F 1700.7 (a.69) 1 "444 I! PREFACE The work described in this report was carried out in the Radar and Navigation Branch at the Transportation Systems Center for the S-ste. s Research and Development Service (FAA-SRDS), Department of Transportation. The objective oi this effort was to analyze the data acquired in a recent beacon system performance survey which was in:fiated to assess the impact of several improvement pro- grams. The author wishes to acknowledge the support of Mr. Martin Xatchipolsky and Mr. Donald D. Asker of the Systems Research and Development Service, Federal Aviation Administration. Special thanks are due to Mr. Joseph E. Herrnann, Beacor Management Team, Federal Aviation Administration, for his encouragement and valuable - suggestions. In the course of researching background material for this report the author received assistance from many individuals. These include Ms. Augusta Gilbreath, Operations Analysis Branch, Air Traffic Service; Mr. Doug Wooten, Bureau of Accounts and Statistics, Civil Aeronautics Board; Mr. Wayne Decker (Chief) and Mr. Hal Greenlief (Deputy Chief) of the Salt Lake City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC); and Messrs. Orv Graham (Area Officer) and E. T. Harris (Chief) of the Los Angeles ARTCC. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the contributions of my colleague, Dr. Bernard Kulke, with whom numerous discussions were held concerning the manner in which the survey returns should be processed. Finally, the assistance and support of Mr. George Haroules are deeply appreciated. S~iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................... I 1.1 Participation in the Survey ..................... 1 1.2 Procedure Employed in Processing Data ........... 5 1.3 Error Categories Employed for Analysis of Returns .......................................... 6 2. ANALYSIS OF RETURNS FROM SALT LAKE CITY ARTCC ........ 8 2.1 Analysis tf Fault Reports (Unnormalized Data)... 8 2.2 Breakdown of Fault Reports by.Error Category .... 8 2.3 Breakdown of Discrepancy Reports by Aircraft Involved ........................................ 11 2.4 Analysis of Discrepancy Reports Involving Air Carriers ........................................ 19 2.5 Locations Associated with Beacon Discrepancies.. 21 2.6 Air-Traffic-Population Statistics Derived from Flight Strips ................................... .3 2.7 Normalized Discrepancy Data by Aircraft Type and Carrier Involved ............................ 50 3. ANALYSIS OF SURVEY RETURNS FROM LOS ANGELES ARTCC .... 53 3.1 Analysis of Fault Reports (Unnormalized Data)... 53 3.2 Analysis of Fault Reports by Error Category ..... 59 3.3 Analysis of Fault Reports by Aircraft Involved.. 61 3.4 System Discrepancies Involving Air Carriers ..... 66 3.5 Use of Departure Information to Normalize Fault Data ...................................... 66 3.6 Aircraft Locations Associated with Beacon Dis .repancies ................................... 73 4. ANALYSIS OF SURVEY RETURNS FROM LAREDO AFE, NEW YORK ARTCC, AND MIAMI ARTCC ...................... 89 4.1 Laredo Air Force Base ........................... 89 4.2 The New York ARTCC .............................. 89 4.3 Miami ARTCC ..................................... 93 5. OVERALL.SYSTEM PROBLEMS .............................. 107 5.1 Analysis of Fault Reports by Error Category ..... 107 5.2 Analysis of Fault Reports by Aircraft Type ...... 117 3.3System Discrepancies Associated with Air Carriers ........................................ 117 5.4 Revised Survey-Questionnaire Format ............. 126 V I TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Section Page 6. SUMMARY ............................................... 128 7. CONCLUSIONS .AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................... 132 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................... 135 AIR CARRIER CODES ..................................... 137 CIVIL/MILITARY AIRCRAFT TYPE DESIGNATORS .............. 138 REFERENCES ............................................ 148 APPENDIX A - BEACON-SYSTEM rE2FORMANCE AT CENTERS .AND CIVIL TOWERS ......................... 149 B - BEACON-SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AT MILITARY FACILITIES .............................. 168 C - RADAR SYSTEM DATA FOR FACILITIES INVOLVED IN THE SURVEY ............................ 181 vi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1-1. ATCRBS Survey Beacon Discrepancy Rep-rt Form ....... 2 1-2. ATCRBS Survey Radar System Data Report Form ........ 3 2-1. Breakdown of Discrepancy Reports by Aircraft Mis- sion, Facility; Salt Lake City ARTCC ............... 9 2-2. Distribution of Discrepancy Reports by Error Category, Facility: Salt Lake City ARTCC........... 12 2-3. Distribution of Discrepancy Reports by Aircraft Type, Facility: Salt Lake City ARTCC ............. 13 2- 4 . Locations Associated with Problems of Ring Around or Sidelobes-RKS Radar Site ........................ 22 2-5. Supeiposition of Traffic Flow upon Locations Associated with Ring Around/Sidelobes-RKS Radar Site ............................................... 24 2-6. Locations Associated with Ghosts, False Targets and Reflections-RKS Radar Site ..................... 25 2-7. Locations Associated with Loss of Targets for a Short Interval-RKS Radar Site ...................... 26 2-8. Locations Associated with Loss of Targets for a Long Inverval-RKS Site ............................. 27 2-9. Locations Associated with Broken Targets for Commercial Aircraft-RKS Site ....................... 28 2-10. Locations Associated with Broken Targets for General Aviation-RKS Site .......................... 29 2-11. Locations Associated with Broken Targets for Military Aircraft-RKS Site ......................... 30 2-12. Locations where False Emergency Alarms Occurred- RKS Radar Site ..................................... 32 2-13. Locations Associated with Problems of Ring Around or Sidelobes-Ashton Site ........................... 34 2-14. Locations Associated with Ghosts, False Targets, Reflections-Ashton
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