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Medieval History
CONTENTS MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1. MAJOR DYNASTIES (EARLY ....... 01-22 2. EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS ........23-26 MEDIEVAL INDIA 750-1200 AD) 2.1 Early Muslim Invasions ..................24 1.1 Major Dynasties of North ...............02 The Arab Conquest of Sindh ............... 24 India (750-1200 Ad) Mahmud of Ghazni ............................ 24 Introduction .......................................2 Muhammad Ghori ............................. 25 The Tripartite Struggle ........................2 th th The Pratiharas (8 to 10 Century) ........3 3. THE DELHI SULTANATE ................27-52 th th The Palas (8 to 11 Century) ...............4 (1206-1526 AD) The Rashtrakutas (9th to 10th Century) ....5 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ............5 3.1 The Delhi Sultanate ......................28 The Rajaputa’s Origin ..........................6 Introduction ..................................... 28 Chandellas ........................................6 Slave/Mamluk Dynasty (Ilbari ............ 28 Chahamanas ......................................7 Turks)(1206-1526 AD) Gahadvalas ........................................8 The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) ..... 32 Indian Feudalism ................................9 The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD) .. 34 Administration in Northern India ........ 09 The Sayyid Dynasty ........................... 38 between 8th to 12th Century Lodi Dynasty .................................... 38 Nature of Society .............................. 11 Challenges Faced by the Sultanate ...... 39 Rise -
Indo-Muslim Historiography During the Reign of Sultanate of Delhi: Its Genesis and Major Trends
Pakistan Perspectives Vol. 18, No.2, July-December 2013 Indo-Muslim Historiography during the reign of Sultanate of Delhi: Its genesis and major trends Humera Naz* Abstract This article aims to highlight impacts of Muslim rule on origin and development of Indian historiography. The period of the Sultanate of Delhi is significant for origin and introduction of some trends and traditions in Indian historiography for which we have find no records before this era. This essay is fundamentally based upon the literature review which offers an overview of the historical literature concerning different categories in history produced under the royal aegis. Besides the political history, some new aspects in terms of non-political historical literature are also considered on the basis of the mulfuzat, manaqib and insha literature. The paper explores the idea and concept regarding History was not considered as a recognized science (‘ilm) either secular or religious in medieval India with a specific object and methodology. In spite, as a subject, it was an elegant art and a noble discipline (fan-i sharif). The paper concludes by identifying the major prevailing historiographical trends during this era which were trend setter for the future historians. I anticipate that this endeavor would reveal some extent the true perception about the prevailing traditions and characteristics in Indo-Persian historiography. ––––––––– Introduction Unlike China, Greece and Rome, the literature of the ancient Indian history is not extant. Most of the modern scholars hold the view that before the dawn of the modern age, the people of India never had a developed sense for history writing of any value.1 Rather its accounts seem to be merged in a particular form of religious literature which may not be considered as much authentic. -
NDA Exam History Mcqs
1500+ HISTORY QUESTIONS FOR AFCAT/NDA/CDS shop.ssbcrack.com shop.ssbcrack.com _________________________________________ ANCIENT INDIA : QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS _________________________________________ 1. Which of the following Vedas deals with magic spells and witchcraft? (a) Rigveda (b) Samaveda (c) Yajurveda (d) Atharvaveda Ans: (d) 2. The later Vedic Age means the age of the compilation of (a) Samhitas (b) Brahmanas (c) Aranyakas (d) All the above Ans: (d) 3. The Vedic religion along with its Later (Vedic) developments is actually known as (a) Hinduism (b) Brahmanism shop.ssbcrack.com (c) Bhagavatism (d) Vedic Dharma Ans: (b) 4. The Vedic Aryans first settled in the region of (a) Central India (b) Gangetic Doab (c) Saptasindhu (d) Kashmir and Punjab Ans: (c) 5. Which of the following contains the famous Gayatrimantra? (a) Rigveda (b) Samaveda (c) Kathopanishad (d) Aitareya Brahmana shop.ssbcrack.com Ans: (a) 6. The famous Gayatrimantra is addressed to (a) Indra (b) Varuna (c) Pashupati (d) Savita Ans: (d) 7. Two highest ,gods in the Vedic religion were (a) Agni and Savitri (b) Vishnu and Mitra (c) Indra and Varuna (d) Surya and Pushan Ans: (c) 8. Division of the Vedic society into four classes is clearly mentioned in the (a) Yajurveda (b) Purusa-sukta of Rigveda (c) Upanishads (d) Shatapatha Brahmana Ans: (b) 9. This Vedic God was 'a breaker of the forts' and also a 'war god' (a) Indra (b) Yama (c) Marut shop.ssbcrack.com (d) Varuna Ans: (a) 10. The Harappan or Indus Valley Civilisation flourished during the ____ age. (a) Megalithic (b) Paleolithic (c) Neolithic (d) Chalcolithic Ans: (d) 11. -
Module 1A: Uttar Pradesh History
Module 1a: Uttar Pradesh History Uttar Pradesh State Information India.. The Gangetic Plain occupies three quarters of the state. The entire Capital : Lucknow state, except for the northern region, has a tropical monsoon climate. In the Districts :70 plains, January temperatures range from 12.5°C-17.5°C and May records Languages: Hindi, Urdu, English 27.5°-32.5°C, with a maximum of 45°C. Rainfall varies from 1,000-2,000 mm in Introduction to Uttar Pradesh the east to 600-1,000 mm in the west. Uttar Pradesh has multicultural, multiracial, fabulous wealth of nature- Brief History of Uttar Pradesh hills, valleys, rivers, forests, and vast plains. Viewed as the largest tourist The epics of Hinduism, the Ramayana destination in India, Uttar Pradesh and the Mahabharata, were written in boasts of 35 million domestic tourists. Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh also had More than half of the foreign tourists, the glory of being home to Lord Buddha. who visit India every year, make it a It has now been established that point to visit this state of Taj and Ganga. Gautama Buddha spent most of his life Agra itself receives around one million in eastern Uttar Pradesh, wandering foreign tourists a year coupled with from place to place preaching his around twenty million domestic tourists. sermons. The empire of Chandra Gupta Uttar Pradesh is studded with places of Maurya extended nearly over the whole tourist attractions across a wide of Uttar Pradesh. Edicts of this period spectrum of interest to people of diverse have been found at Allahabad and interests. -
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008
Copyright by Mohammad Raisur Rahman 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Mohammad Raisur Rahman certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India Committee: _____________________________________ Gail Minault, Supervisor _____________________________________ Cynthia M. Talbot _____________________________________ Denise A. Spellberg _____________________________________ Michael H. Fisher _____________________________________ Syed Akbar Hyder Islam, Modernity, and Educated Muslims: A History of Qasbahs in Colonial India by Mohammad Raisur Rahman, B.A. Honors; M.A.; M.Phil. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August 2008 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the fond memories of my parents, Najma Bano and Azizur Rahman, and to Kulsum Acknowledgements Many people have assisted me in the completion of this project. This work could not have taken its current shape in the absence of their contributions. I thank them all. First and foremost, I owe my greatest debt of gratitude to my advisor Gail Minault for her guidance and assistance. I am grateful for her useful comments, sharp criticisms, and invaluable suggestions on the earlier drafts, and for her constant encouragement, support, and generous time throughout my doctoral work. I must add that it was her path breaking scholarship in South Asian Islam that inspired me to come to Austin, Texas all the way from New Delhi, India. While it brought me an opportunity to work under her supervision, I benefited myself further at the prospect of working with some of the finest scholars and excellent human beings I have ever known. -
1 Component-I (A) – Personal Details
Component-I (A) – Personal details: 1 Component-I (B) – Description of module: Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Outlines of Indian History Module Name/Title The slave dynasty (1206-1290) Module Id I C/ OIH/ 20 Knowledge in Medieval Indian History and Delhi Pre-requisites Sultanate To know the History of Slave/ Mamluk dynasty Objectives and their role in Delhi sultanate Qutb-ud-din Aibak / Iltutmish/ Razia / Balban / Keywords Slave / Mamluk / Delhi Sultanate E-text (Quadrant-I) 1. Introduction The Sultanate of Delhi, said to have been formally founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, one of the Viceroys of Muhammad Ghori. It is known as the Sultanate of Delhi because during the greater part of the Sultanate, its capital was Delhi. The Sultanate of Delhi (1206–1526) had five ruling dynasties viz., 1) The Slave dynasty (1206-1290), 2) The Khilji Dynasty (1290–1320) 3), The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320–1414), 4) The Sayyad Dynasty (1414–1451) and 5) The Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). The first dynasty of the Sultanate has been designated by various historians as ‘The Slave’, ‘The Early Turk’, ‘The Mamluk’ and ‘The Ilbari’ 2. Slave/Mamluk Dynasty 2.1. Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206 – 1210) Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Slave/Mamluk dynasty. He was the Turk of the Aibak tribe. In his childhood he was first purchased by a kind hearted Qazi of Nishapur as Slave. He received education in Islamic theory and swordmanship along with the son of his master. When Qazi died, he was sold by his son to a merchant who took him to Ghazni where he was purchased by Muhammad Ghori. -
Delhi Sultanate Questions (Quiz) Answers
www.gradeup.co Delhi Sultanate Questions (Quiz) Answers 1. In 1210, Qutubuddin Aibak died while playing which of the following sport? Ans. Chaugan 2. Iltutmish, the real founder of Slave dynasty belonged to which of the following tribe? Ans. Ilbari 3. Which of the following is India’s first Islamic Mausoleum? Ans. Sultan Garhi in Delhi 4. Who among the following Sultanate ruler built Hauz Shamshi in Delhi? Ans. Iltutmish 5. Iltutmish mainly introduced two types of coin, i.e. Tanka and Jittal which were of the following metals respectively? Ans. Silver and Copper 6. Who issued coins with seated Lakshmi in imitation to the Gahadwals? Ans. Mohammad Ghori 7. Who among the following Sultanate ruler was the first to issue Arabic coins in India? Ans. Iltutmish 8. Who introduced the practice of Zaminbosi {to kiss the earth} and Paibosi {kiss the feet of Sultan} as per the Iranian theory of divine rights which believe that King is God’s representative on Earth? Ans. Balban 9. Who was the last effective ruler of slave dynasty? Ans. Balban 10. Which of the following ruler was the first Muslim ruler to cross Vindhyas, Satpuras and Narmada River to conquer Deccan? Ans. Allauddin Khilji 11. At which place Qutubuddin Aibak was buried after his death? Ans. Lahore near the Anarkali Bazaar 1 www.gradeup.co 12. At first who among the following purchased Qutubuddin Aibak from slave market? Ans. Fakhruddin Abdul Aziz Kufi 13. The very first post given to Qutubuddin Aibak in the army of Ghori? Ans. Amir-e-Akhur 14. Who among the following ruler of Delhi Sultanate attained the title of Lakh Baksha? Ans. -
I Mughal Empire
MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PT 100 DAYS - HISTORY MPPSC PRELIMS 2020 ATMANIRBHAR PROGRAM PRELIMS QUICK REVISION NOTES HISTORY DAY 40 - EARLY- MEDIEVAL PERIOD (8th-12th Century) THE RAJPUTS Some Important Rajputs Kingdoms IMPORTANT RAJPUTS DYNASTIES o The Pawar/Parmar of Malwa: 790-1036 AD o The Gahadval/Rathor of Kannauj : 1090-1194AD o The Chauhans/Chahaman of Delhi-Ajmer: 7th -12th Century AD o The Karkota, Utpala and Lohara of Kashmir : 800-1200 AD ) o The Chandellas of Jejakabhukti: 831-1202 AD o The Senas : 1095-1230 AD o The Guhilota/Sisodiya of Mewar: 8th - 20th Century AD o Tomars of Delhi : 736 AD Salient features of the Rajput Kingdoms. Causes of the Decline of Rajputas ARAB CONQUEST OF SIND (712-1206 AD) MEDIEVAL INDIA The Medieval period of Indian History: This period lies between 8th and 18th century AD and is classified as : The Early Medieval period (8th to 12th century AD) The Later Medieval period (13th to 18th century AD). EARLY- MEDIEVAL PERIOD (8th to 12th Century) The Ancient Indian history came to an end with the rule of Harsha and Pulakeshin-II. From the death of Harsha to the 12th century, the destiny of India was mostly in the hands of various Rajput dynasties. MPPSCADDA THE RAJPUTS Different theories about the origin of the Rajputs : (i) They are the descendants of Lord Rama (Surya Vansha) or Lord Krishna (Chandra Vansha) or the hero who sprang from the sacrificial fire (Agni Kula theory). (ii) They belong to the Kshatriya families. (iii) The most accepted theory is that Rajputs were of a foreign origin, who came as conquerors and settled in West India. -
The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan
The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 © 2012 George Fiske All rights reserved ABSTRACT The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske This study examines the socioeconomics of state formation in medieval Afghanistan in historical and historiographic terms. It outlines the thousand year history of Ghaznavid historiography by treating primary and secondary sources as a continuum of perspectives, demonstrating the persistent problems of dynastic and political thinking across periods and cultures. It conceptualizes the geography of Ghaznavid origins by framing their rise within specific landscapes and histories of state formation, favoring time over space as much as possible and reintegrating their experience with the general histories of Iran, Central Asia, and India. Once the grand narrative is illustrated, the scope narrows to the dual process of monetization and urbanization in Samanid territory in order to approach Ghaznavid obstacles to state formation. The socioeconomic narrative then shifts to political and military specifics to demythologize the rise of the Ghaznavids in terms of the framing contexts described in the previous chapters. Finally, the study specifies the exact combination of culture and history which the Ghaznavids exemplified to show their particular and universal character and suggest future paths for research. The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan I. General Introduction II. Perspectives on the Ghaznavid Age History of the literature Entrance into western European discourse Reevaluations of the last century Historiographic rethinking Synopsis III. -
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707)
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707) • Early Medieval History (A.D750-A.D1206 ) • Delhi Sultanate (A.D 1206 –A.D1526) • Mughal History (A.D 1526-A.D 1707) Great Mughals • Gap of 15 yrs (A.D 1540-A.D1555) • Later Mughals (A.D1707-A.D1858) www.classmateacademy.com 125 The years AD 750-AD 1206 • Origin if Indian feudalism • Economic origin beginning with land grants first by satavahana • Political origin it begins in Gupta period ,Samudragupta started it (samantha system) • AD750-AD950 peak of feudalism ,it continues under sultanate but its nature changes they allowed fuedalism to coexist. www.classmateacademy.com 126 North India (A.D750 –A.D950) Period of Triangular Conflict –Pala,Prathihara,Rashtrakutas Gurjara Prathiharas-West Pala –Pataliputra • Naga Bhatta -1 ,defends wetern border • Started by Gopala • Mihira bhoja (Most powerful) • Dharmapala –most powerful,Patron of Buddhism • Capital -Kannauj Est.Vikramshila university Senas • Vijayasena founder • • Last ruler –Laxmana sena Rashtrakutas defeated by • Dantidurga-founder, • Bhakthiyar Khalji(A.D1206) defeated Badami Chalukyas (Dasavatara Cave) • Krishna-1 Vesara School of architecture • Amoghvarsha Rajputs and Kayasthas the new castes of Medival India New capital-Manyaketa Patron-Jainism &Kannada Famous works-Kavirajamarga,Ratnamalika • Krishna-3 last powerful ruler www.classmateacademy.com 127 www.classmateacademy.com 128 www.classmateacademy.com 129 www.classmateacademy.com 130 www.classmateacademy.com 131 Period of mutlicornered conflict-the 4 Agni Kulas(AD950-AD1206) Chauhans-Ajayameru(Ajmer) Solankis Pawars Ghadwala of Kannauj • Prithviraj chauhan-3 Patronn of Jainsim Bhoja Deva -23 classical Jayachandra (last) • PrthvirajRasok-ChandBardai Dilwara temples of Mt.Abu works in sanskrit • Battle of Tarain-1 Nagara school • Battle of tarain-2(1192) Chandellas of bundelKhand Tomars of Delhi Kajuraho AnangaPal _Dillika www.classmateacademy.com 132 Meanwhile in South India.. -
The Last Hindu Emperor Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 1St Edition Download Free
THE LAST HINDU EMPEROR PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN AND THE INDIAN PAST, 1200-2000 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Cynthia Talbot | 9781107544376 | | | | | The Last Hindu Emperor: Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 All Languages. According to the 15th-century historian Jonaraja"naga" here refers to elephants. Govind Singh is currently reading it Jun 01, According to Tabaqat-i Nasirihe gathered a well-equipped army ofselect AfghanTajik and Turkic horsemen over the next few months. Over time, Prithviraj came to be portrayed as a patriotic Hindu warrior who fought against Muslim enemies. Both the texts state that he was particularly proficient in archery. Hardcoverpages. Manali marked it as to-read Sep 29, In response, Jagaddeva told Abhayada that he had concluded a treaty with Prithviraj with much difficulty. First published inthis selection was created to provide the general reader and university Singh believes that no such conclusion can be drawn from Minhaj's writings. The Mohils are a branch of the Chauhans the Chahamanasand it is possible the inscriptions refer to the battle described in Prithviraj Raso. The Provincial Geography of India series was created during the early part of the twentieth Singhpp. Nevertheless, the 19th century British officer James Tod repeatedly used this term to describe Prithviraj in 1200-2000 1st edition Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han. Prithviraj was not able to annex the Chandela territory to his kingdom. After his victory, Prithviraj sacked Mahoba. Anil Sinha added it Apr 24, Later, Paramardi's son recaptured Mahoba. Despite being overthrown, however, his name and story have evolved 1200- 2000 1st edition time 1200-2000 1st edition a historical symbol of India's martial valor. -
Medieval India
MEDIEVAL INDIA The Battles of Tarain, also known THE ARAB as the Battles of Taraori, were fought in 1191 and CONQUEST OF SIND 1192 near the town of Tarain near Thanesar in present- day Haryana. In the First Battle of Tarain in 1191 (near The Arab conquest of Sind was Taneswar), Muhammad Ghori was defeated by the Rajput forces a part of the Mohammaden under Prithviraj Chauhan III. In the Second Battle of Tarain invasion for the spread of (1192 AD) Muhammad Ghori assisted by Qutub -ud- Islam. din Aibek (a slave), defeated Prithviraj Arabs captured Sindh in 712 Chauhan III and killed him. AD. During the period of the Khaliphate of Omar, Arab Sind in 779. But was split into Muhammed Ghazni died in 30th forces made a fertile attempt to two independent kingdoms April 1030. get Bombay. Multan and Mansurah. Later his son Masud attacked India and captured Kashmir. The Arabs conquest of Turkish Invasions Makran Baluchistan opened The famous Persian poet their way to Sind. Ghazni in Afghanistan was ruled Firdausi who wrote ‘Shahnama’ The Ruler of Sind was Dahir. by a Turkish family called Gamini (The Book of Kings) lived in his In 710 a small Arab trading of Ghaznavid dynasty. court. vessel from Basra arrived at the Mahmud Ghazni was the first Alberuni, an Arab Historian, mouth of the Indus and was Turkish conqueror of North In- who wrote Tarikh-ul-Hind promptly seized by the local dia. (Reality of Hindustan), accompa- Hindu authorities. Mahmud’s father was nied Muhammed Ghazni to India. The Pirates of Debal, a part in Subuktigin.