INDIAN HISTORY-II Multiple Choice Questions
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Medieval History
CONTENTS MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1. MAJOR DYNASTIES (EARLY ....... 01-22 2. EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS ........23-26 MEDIEVAL INDIA 750-1200 AD) 2.1 Early Muslim Invasions ..................24 1.1 Major Dynasties of North ...............02 The Arab Conquest of Sindh ............... 24 India (750-1200 Ad) Mahmud of Ghazni ............................ 24 Introduction .......................................2 Muhammad Ghori ............................. 25 The Tripartite Struggle ........................2 th th The Pratiharas (8 to 10 Century) ........3 3. THE DELHI SULTANATE ................27-52 th th The Palas (8 to 11 Century) ...............4 (1206-1526 AD) The Rashtrakutas (9th to 10th Century) ....5 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ............5 3.1 The Delhi Sultanate ......................28 The Rajaputa’s Origin ..........................6 Introduction ..................................... 28 Chandellas ........................................6 Slave/Mamluk Dynasty (Ilbari ............ 28 Chahamanas ......................................7 Turks)(1206-1526 AD) Gahadvalas ........................................8 The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD) ..... 32 Indian Feudalism ................................9 The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD) .. 34 Administration in Northern India ........ 09 The Sayyid Dynasty ........................... 38 between 8th to 12th Century Lodi Dynasty .................................... 38 Nature of Society .............................. 11 Challenges Faced by the Sultanate ...... 39 Rise -
1 Component-I (A) – Personal Details
Component-I (A) – Personal details: 1 Component-I (B) – Description of module: Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Outlines of Indian History Module Name/Title The slave dynasty (1206-1290) Module Id I C/ OIH/ 20 Knowledge in Medieval Indian History and Delhi Pre-requisites Sultanate To know the History of Slave/ Mamluk dynasty Objectives and their role in Delhi sultanate Qutb-ud-din Aibak / Iltutmish/ Razia / Balban / Keywords Slave / Mamluk / Delhi Sultanate E-text (Quadrant-I) 1. Introduction The Sultanate of Delhi, said to have been formally founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, one of the Viceroys of Muhammad Ghori. It is known as the Sultanate of Delhi because during the greater part of the Sultanate, its capital was Delhi. The Sultanate of Delhi (1206–1526) had five ruling dynasties viz., 1) The Slave dynasty (1206-1290), 2) The Khilji Dynasty (1290–1320) 3), The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320–1414), 4) The Sayyad Dynasty (1414–1451) and 5) The Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). The first dynasty of the Sultanate has been designated by various historians as ‘The Slave’, ‘The Early Turk’, ‘The Mamluk’ and ‘The Ilbari’ 2. Slave/Mamluk Dynasty 2.1. Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206 – 1210) Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Slave/Mamluk dynasty. He was the Turk of the Aibak tribe. In his childhood he was first purchased by a kind hearted Qazi of Nishapur as Slave. He received education in Islamic theory and swordmanship along with the son of his master. When Qazi died, he was sold by his son to a merchant who took him to Ghazni where he was purchased by Muhammad Ghori. -
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707)
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707) • Early Medieval History (A.D750-A.D1206 ) • Delhi Sultanate (A.D 1206 –A.D1526) • Mughal History (A.D 1526-A.D 1707) Great Mughals • Gap of 15 yrs (A.D 1540-A.D1555) • Later Mughals (A.D1707-A.D1858) www.classmateacademy.com 125 The years AD 750-AD 1206 • Origin if Indian feudalism • Economic origin beginning with land grants first by satavahana • Political origin it begins in Gupta period ,Samudragupta started it (samantha system) • AD750-AD950 peak of feudalism ,it continues under sultanate but its nature changes they allowed fuedalism to coexist. www.classmateacademy.com 126 North India (A.D750 –A.D950) Period of Triangular Conflict –Pala,Prathihara,Rashtrakutas Gurjara Prathiharas-West Pala –Pataliputra • Naga Bhatta -1 ,defends wetern border • Started by Gopala • Mihira bhoja (Most powerful) • Dharmapala –most powerful,Patron of Buddhism • Capital -Kannauj Est.Vikramshila university Senas • Vijayasena founder • • Last ruler –Laxmana sena Rashtrakutas defeated by • Dantidurga-founder, • Bhakthiyar Khalji(A.D1206) defeated Badami Chalukyas (Dasavatara Cave) • Krishna-1 Vesara School of architecture • Amoghvarsha Rajputs and Kayasthas the new castes of Medival India New capital-Manyaketa Patron-Jainism &Kannada Famous works-Kavirajamarga,Ratnamalika • Krishna-3 last powerful ruler www.classmateacademy.com 127 www.classmateacademy.com 128 www.classmateacademy.com 129 www.classmateacademy.com 130 www.classmateacademy.com 131 Period of mutlicornered conflict-the 4 Agni Kulas(AD950-AD1206) Chauhans-Ajayameru(Ajmer) Solankis Pawars Ghadwala of Kannauj • Prithviraj chauhan-3 Patronn of Jainsim Bhoja Deva -23 classical Jayachandra (last) • PrthvirajRasok-ChandBardai Dilwara temples of Mt.Abu works in sanskrit • Battle of Tarain-1 Nagara school • Battle of tarain-2(1192) Chandellas of bundelKhand Tomars of Delhi Kajuraho AnangaPal _Dillika www.classmateacademy.com 132 Meanwhile in South India.. -
The Last Hindu Emperor Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 1St Edition Download Free
THE LAST HINDU EMPEROR PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN AND THE INDIAN PAST, 1200-2000 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Cynthia Talbot | 9781107544376 | | | | | The Last Hindu Emperor: Prithviraj Chauhan and the Indian Past, 1200-2000 All Languages. According to the 15th-century historian Jonaraja"naga" here refers to elephants. Govind Singh is currently reading it Jun 01, According to Tabaqat-i Nasirihe gathered a well-equipped army ofselect AfghanTajik and Turkic horsemen over the next few months. Over time, Prithviraj came to be portrayed as a patriotic Hindu warrior who fought against Muslim enemies. Both the texts state that he was particularly proficient in archery. Hardcoverpages. Manali marked it as to-read Sep 29, In response, Jagaddeva told Abhayada that he had concluded a treaty with Prithviraj with much difficulty. First published inthis selection was created to provide the general reader and university Singh believes that no such conclusion can be drawn from Minhaj's writings. The Mohils are a branch of the Chauhans the Chahamanasand it is possible the inscriptions refer to the battle described in Prithviraj Raso. The Provincial Geography of India series was created during the early part of the twentieth Singhpp. Nevertheless, the 19th century British officer James Tod repeatedly used this term to describe Prithviraj in 1200-2000 1st edition Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han. Prithviraj was not able to annex the Chandela territory to his kingdom. After his victory, Prithviraj sacked Mahoba. Anil Sinha added it Apr 24, Later, Paramardi's son recaptured Mahoba. Despite being overthrown, however, his name and story have evolved 1200- 2000 1st edition time 1200-2000 1st edition a historical symbol of India's martial valor. -
Muslim Invasions on India in the Medieval Period and Its Impact
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ISSN NO : 2236-6124 Muslim Invasions on India in the Medieval Period and Its Impact S.M. Gulam Hussain, Lecturer in History Department of History, Osmania College (A), Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh ABSTRACT: Medieval period is an important period in the history of India because of the developments in the field of art and languages, culture and religion. In the early medieval age India was on the threshold of phenomenal changes in the domains of polity, economy, society and culture. The impact of these changes is visible even today influencing the growth of India as one nation. Early Medieval period witnessed wars among regional kingdoms from north and south India where as late medieval period saw the number of Muslim invasions by Mughals, Afghans and Turks. The impact of Islam on Indian culture has been inestimable. It permanently influenced the development of all areas of human endeavour- language, dress, cuisine, all the art forms, architecture and urban design, and social customs and values. This paper describes the Muslim invasions on India in the Medieval Period and its impact. Keywords: Medieval period, Culture, Religion, Muslim invasions, Inestimable 1. INTRODUCTION: Medieval period lasted from the 8th to the 18th century CE with early Medieval period from the 8th to the 13th century and the late medieval period from the 13th to the 18th century. Early Medieval period witnessed wars among regional kingdoms from north and south India where as late medieval period saw the number of Muslim invasions by Mughals, Afghans and Turks. In the early medieval age India was on the threshold of phenomenal changes in the domains of polity, economy, society and culture. -
Initial Conquest of India by Turks and Their Slaves
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (JHSS) ISSN: 2279-0837, ISBN: 2279-0845. Volume 5, Issue 4 (Nov. - Dec. 2012), PP 01-14 www.Iosrjournals.Org Initial Conquest of India by Turks and Their Slaves Mustafa Sareer Research Scholar Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh,Utter Pradesh 202002 The very word „Turk‟ or „Türk‟ appears as the name of a central-Asian nomad people only from the sixth century A.D. onwards.When in 552 the „Turk‟ Qaghnate was founded on the Orkhon river in Mongolia. The Chinese name for the Turks was Tu-kuch, which was apparently derived from Türküt, The Mongol plural of Türk.The Greeks called them Tourkoi, The Arabs Atrak (sg.Turk), while in New Persian they became known as Turkan (sg.Turk). In Sanskrit they were called Turushkāh, while the Tibetians identified all Turks with the Qarlugh tribe, and hence referred to the Turks usually as Garlog. Originally,Türk was an ethnonym which was associated with a small tribe headed by the Ashina clan; it meant „The Strong One‟ and fell within the semantic range of a whole series of tribal names which connoted „Force‟, „Violence‟, „Ferociousness‟ and so on. These original Türks or Türkü had, in the first half of the fifth century, become vassals of another nomadic empire, that of the Juan-Juan. In the middle of the sixth century, however, the Turks destroyed the Juan-Juan empire while founding there own there own nomad state. This state reached at its greatest extent from the Great Wall to the Oxus and even beyond,covering therefore not only the whole of the inner and outer Mongolia but also settled areas far to the west. -
The Book Was Drenched
THE BOOK WAS DRENCHED TEXT CROSS WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY TEXT LITE WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY < c W ^ fc ^ B]<OU 168462 5m > Ct nn TI 7 99 i _l J Major His Highness Raj Rajeshwar 5ramad Rajai Hind Maharajadhiraj Sri Sir Umaid Singhji Sahib Bahadur, G.C.I.E., K. C.S.I., K.CV.O., Maharaja of Jodhpur. HISTORY OF^THE RASHTRAKUTAS (RATHODAS) (From the beginning to the migration of Rao Siha ioicards Maricar.) HISTORY OF THE RASHTRAKUTAS. (RATHODAS) From th bcfinninff to the migration of Rao Stha towardi Marwar, BY PANDIT BISHESHWAR NATH REU, Superintendent, AHCH^OLOGICAL DEPARTMENT & SUMER PUBLIC LIBKAKV, JODHPUR. JODHPUR: THE ARCHAEOLOGICAU DEPARTMENT. 1933. Published orders of the Jodhpur Darbar. FIRST EDITION Price Rs. :2'i- Jodhjr.tr: Printed at the Marwar State Press PREFACE. This volume contains the history of the early RSshtrakutas (Rathotfas) and their well-known branch, the Gahatfavalas of Kanauj up to the third-quarter of the 13th century of Vikrama era, that is, up to the migration of Rao Slha towards Marwar. In the absence of any written account of the rulers of this dynasty, the history is based on its copper plates, inscriptions and coins hitherto discovered. Sanskrit, Arabic and English 1 works, which throw some light on the history of this dynasty, however meagre, have also been referred to. Though the material thus gathered is not much, yet what is known is sufficient to prove that some of the kings of this dynasty were most powerful rulers of their time. Further, some of them, besides being the patrons of art and literature, were themselves good scholars. -
Cc-5:History of India(Ce 750-1206) I
CC-5:HISTORY OF INDIA(CE 750-1206) I. STUDYING EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA RISE OF RAJPUTS AND THE NATURE OF THE STATE Where and how the Rajputs originated remains a doubt. The four (Agni- kula) clans established their power in western India and over parts of central India and Rajasthan. The period from1000-1200 CE saw rapid changes both in west and central Asia and in North India. With the break up of the Pratihara kingdom a number of Rajput states came into existence in northern India. There are many theories regarding the origin of the Rajput. The bards of the 14th century mentions ‘Rajput’ as a tribe comprising thirty-six clans of which the Pratiharas, Paramaras, the Chauhans, the Solankis, the Gahadavalas, the Tomaras etc played an important role in the history of the period. The Rajputs claimed to be the real descendants of the Kshatriyas of the Vedic times. Their king traced their ancestry either to the Sun family(Suryavansha), or the Moon family(Chandravanshi).But the Pratiharas, Paramaras, the Chauhans, the Solankis traced their pedigree from the Fire family(Agni- kula).The Pratihara clan had further two branches.One branch ruled in the Jodhpuar state and was known as the Gurjaras. while the other branch founded a kingdom in Malwa. The four (Agni-kula) clans established their power in western India and over parts of central India and Rajasthan. Gahadavalas of Kanauj-Following the fall of the Pratiharas,the Gahadavalas were able to establish themselves in the throne of Kanauj in the third quater of the 11th century CE. -
1 Component-I (A) – Personal Details
Component-I (A) – Personal details: 1 Component-I (B) – Description of module: Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Outlines of Indian History Muslim invasions on India (Arabs, Ghazni and Module Name/Title Ghor) Module Id I C/ OIH / 19 Early medieval history of the Indian subcontinent, Pre-requisites political, social and religious development, rise and spread of Islam. To know about the political developments in Objectives Indian subcontinent in early medieval period, the Arab conquest of Sindh, Mahmud Ghazni and Ghor invasions on India and its impact. Keywords Islam / Arab / Khalifa / Sindh / Mahmud of Ghazni / Muhammad of Ghor E-text (Quadrant-I) 1. Introduction In the early medieval age India was on the threshold of phenomenal changes in the domains of polity, economy, society and culture. The cultural traits, art and architecture, and the temple-centered devotional movement under Alvars and Nayanars, in peninsular India of Tamil Nadu were creating a new social ethos in the stratified Indian social organization. Politically, there were many powerful Hindu kingdoms in Indian subcontinent, which constantly fought against each other for fame and extension of territories. Many of them were quit extensive and powerful, but, because of their internal conflicts, none of them could utilize its complete resources, nor do they unite themselves. During this period Afghanistan was ruled by two Hindu kingdoms of Jabul and Kabul. While regionalism was taking deep roots on the Indian soil, many significant events were taking place in Europe and Asia in the post-Harsha era, which directly and indirectly influenced the course of our history. At that juncture a new power born on the Arabian soil professing a different faith, Islam, entered India as a political power in the 8th century CE. -
Syllabus T.Y.B.A
1 Syllabus T.Y.B.A. History Paper – IV Medieval India (1000-1707 A.D.) 1. Socio-Economic and Political conditions of India on the eve of Turkish invasion. 2. Delhi Sultanate: (a) Foundation and Consolidation: Qutbuddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia and Balban (b) Expansion and Decline: Alauddin Khilji, Muhammad Bin Tughlaq’ Sayyids and Lodis 3. Administrative System of the Delhi Sultanate: (a) Administrative and Military Reforms of Alauddin Khilji (b) Firuz Shah Tughlaq and his reforms (c) Central Government and Iqta System 4. Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdoms: (a) Rise, growth and decline of Vijayanagara and Bahamani Kingdoms (b) Administration, economy, society and culture of the Vijayanagara Empire 5. Mughal Empire – Foundation, Struggle and Restoration (1526-1556): (a) Babur (b) Humayun © Sher Shah – conquests and administration 6. Mughal Empire – Expansion, Consolidation and Beginning of Decline: (a) Akbar, (b) Jahangir and Shah Jahan © Aurangzeb 7. Administration of the Mughals: (a) Central and Provincial (b) Mansabdari System © Revenue 2 8. Rise of the Maratha Power: (a) Shivaji and foundation of the Swarajya (b) Shivaji’s Administration © Sambhaji, Rajaram and Tarabai 9. Economic and Social Conditions under the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughals: (a) Agriculture, Industry, Trade, Commerce and Currency (b) Caste system, position of women and Slavery © Education and literature 10. Religions and Culture during the Sultanate and Mughals: (a) Religious trends – Bhakti movement, Sufism, Din-I-Ilahi and Sikkhism (b) Art – Painting, Calligraphy, Sculpture (c) Architecture 3 PREFACE It gives us great pleasure in associating ourselves with the writing of study material for the TYBA students of the Institute of Distance Education (IDE), University of Mumbai, in History, Paper 1V-Medieval India (1000-1707 AD). -
Coming of Islam - Medieval India Study Materials
Coming of Islam - Medieval India Study Materials THE COMING OF ISLAM It was the Prophet Mohammad who Indus delta in Sindh in 711 AD and formed an Indo- propagated Islam during the early seventh century in Muslim state, Initally, these warriors began to shift to the deserts of Arabia. Within a century the Islam Afghanistan and Iran and thereafter in India. expanded over the regions of ihe entire Middle East. The Jats and Mets (Buddhists) had invited Qasim to North Africa, Spain, Iran and Central Asia. In India, attack King Dahir of Sindh. How ever, Qasim himself the Islam was introduced with raids by Mahmud of was tempted by the enormous wealth that India had. Ghazni and it consolidated with the founding of the He defeated King Dahir in the Battle of Rawar (712). Sultanate of Delhi. Following were the reasons for the In the battle. King Dahir's elephant was struck in the success of Muslims in India: eye by an arrow. It got frightenedand fied,the scene. (i) lack of unity and organisation among the Rajputs; King Dahir’s army thought that he had surrendered and (ii) lack of a central government; had fled the battlefield. They were very surprised. (iii) kingdoms were small and scattered; Qasim's armies took advantage of the situation and (iv) the Muslims w ere better organised and took started brutally killing them. King Dahir was also advantage of the lack of mutual cooperation among the found by the Arabs and was killed. His widow Rani Rajputs; and Ravibai and son Jaisingh took shelter in the fort and (v) Buddhism made the Indian masses timid and tried to offer resistance. -
Medieval History.Indd
CONTENTS UNIT-I: Major Dynasties Early Medieval India (750-1200 AD) 1.1 Major Dynasties of North India (750-1200) ....7 Position of the Women .....................................16 Introduction ..................................................... 7 Education and Learning ...................................16 The Tripartite Struggle ...................................... 7 Religious Developments ...................................17 The Pratiharas (8th to 10th Century) .................... 8 Nature of Society .............................................17 The Palas (8th to 11th Century) ........................... 9 Rise of Self-suffi cient Village Economies ..........17 The Rashtrakutas ............................................10 Decline of Trade ..............................................17 The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ........................10 Decline of Town and Cities ...............................18 The Rajaputa’s Origin .......................................11 1.2 Cholas & Other South Indian Kingdoms ........ 19 Chandellas ......................................................11 The Cholas ......................................................19 Chahamanas ...................................................12 Chola Administration .......................................21 Gahadvalas .....................................................13 Indian Feudalism .............................................13 Socio-Economic Life ........................................22 Salient Features of Indian Feudalism