DOCSLIB.ORG

Newsletter for the Baltics Week 44 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Newsletter for the Baltics Week 44 2017 Royal Danish Embassy T. Kosciuskos 36, LT-01100 Vilnius Tel: +370 (5) 264 8768 Mob: +370 6995 7760 The Defence Attaché To Fax: +370 (5) 231 2300 Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania Newsletter for the Baltics Week 44 2017 The following information is gathered from usually reliable and open sources, mainly from the Baltic News Service (BNS), respective defence ministries press releases and websites as well as various newspapers, etc. Table of contents THE BALTICS AND RUSSIA .................................................................................................................. 3 NATO military aircraft scrambled twice last week over Russian military aircraft ....................... 3 Russian warships and aircraft spotted near Latvian borders ....................................................... 3 THE BALTICS AND EXERCISE .............................................................................................................. 3 Siil 2018 exercise to bring together over 13,000 soldiers from 13 countries ............................... 3 Estonian conscripts of Kuperjanov infantry battalion to participate in exercise in Latvia ......... 4 US general observes Iron Wolf II exercise in Lithuania ................................................................ 4 LITHUANIA .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Lithuania plans to raise military salaries ........................................................................................ 4 Several hundred Lithuanian troops leave for multinational exercise in Germany ...................... 5 US General: US stops rotating troops in Lithuania but continues sending them to drills .......... 5 Latvian and Lithuanian officials agrees on the vitally of presence of US troops in the region .. 5 Another seven US military aircraft land at Lithuania’s Siauliai military air base ......................... 6 Lithuanian army to set up artillery battalion in Silale district ....................................................... 6 LATVIA ................................................................................................................................................. 6 Parliament supports restricting activities of associations if they are seen as threatening ........ 6 National Armed Forces to supply border guard with Glock 17 pistols ......................................... 6 Kalnins: It is not yet clear whether Russian military units have left Belarus ............................... 7 Another unit of US troops rotated to Latvia ................................................................................. 7 Kucinskis: Zapad manoeuvres cannot be regarded separately from today’s security situation 7 No more quick spending boosts for Latvia’s military ................................................................... 8 Latvian Chief of Defence met his Canadian counterpart to discuss future cooperation ........... 8 Over 2,000 Home Guard soldiers participated in field training cycle Mazais Namejs 2017 ........ 8 New secret military mobilisation plan prepared ........................................................................... 9 ESTONIA .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Forward observers, British aircraft rehearse cooperation with battle group ............................. 9 Up to 106 Estonian defence personnel to be deployed to missions in 2018 ............................. 10 Estonian peacekeepers to polish their training in Finland before heading to Lebanon ........... 10 British aircraft to practice cooperation with NATO battle group in Estonia ............................. 10 Luik: It should be clear to everyone that attacking Estonia makes no sense ............................ 11 Royal Welsh start serving in Estonia as part of NATO battle group ........................................... 11 German Navy’s Mine Countermeasures Squadron visits Tallinn ................................................. 11 Estonia planning to swap some SAC airlift program hours in 2017 ............................................. 12 2 THE BALTICS AND RUSSIA NATO military aircraft scrambled twice last week over Russian military aircraft NATO military aircraft serving in the Baltic air-policing mission were last week scrambled twice from Lithuania to intercept Russian military aircraft over the Baltic Sea. Both times, on 25 October and 27 October, the NATO military aircraft accompanied transport airplanes An-26 flying in the international airspace above the Baltic Sea that had their on-board transponders off but had pre-filed flight plans and maintained contact with air traffic controllers. During the same scramble on 27 October, the aircraft intercepted a transport airplane An-72 with a pre- filed flight plan, activated transponder and radio communication with the regional flight control center. Russian warships and aircraft spotted near Latvian borders On 29 October, a Sura class Kilektor 1 mooring/buoy tender was spotted in Latvia’s exclusive economic zone, 14 nautical miles from the shore and on 28 October Latvian National Armed Forces detected the sea tug Viktor Konetsky 16 nautical miles from the shore. On the same date, military aircraft policing Baltic airspace detected a Russian An-27 flying over the Baltic Sea near Latvian waters. THE BALTICS AND EXERCISE Siil 2018 exercise to bring together over 13,000 soldiers from 13 countries In all over 13,000 soldiers from 13 countries are to take part in the Siil 2018 (Hedgehog 2018) exercise to be held in South Estonia in the first half of next May. While the two-week exercise starting on May 2, 2018 will take place in the territory of all of Estonia, the focus of activity will be on the Viljandi, Tartu, Valga, Polva and Voru counties. Altogether more than 13,000 members of the defence forces, Kaitseliit (Defence League) volunteers, reservists, allied and partner soldiers from 13 nations will take part in the exercise. During the exercise, both the combat-readiness of the units of the defence forces will be evaluated and performance of combat tasks and cooperation between Kaitseliit and units of the defence forces rehearsed. The training exercise will be divided into three phases: a combat readiness phase lasting until 4 May; an interoperability training, mortar and antitank live-fire exercise phase from 5-7 May; and a phase of training battles from 8-12 May. During the latter, the 2nd Infantry Brigade in conjunction with units from Germany, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania and the United States will rehearse action against the mock enemy forces made up of the 1st Infantry Brigade and the NATO Battle Group. 3 Estonian conscripts of Kuperjanov infantry battalion to participate in exercise in Latvia On 27 October, an infantry platoon consisting of the conscripts of the Estonian 2nd Infantry Brigade’s Kuperjanov infantry battalion participated in the military exercise Sword in Aluksne, Latvia over the weekend. The exercise was organized by the 3rd Brigade of the Latvian volunteer defence corps Home Guard (Zemessardze) and the Estonian infantry platoon is to also operate as part of the brigade during the exercise. The exercise is to focus on defence activities and practicing multi-level command. Participants are to practice interoperability with international as well as Zemessardze’s units and other territorial defence units. US general observes Iron Wolf II exercise in Lithuania On 27 October, Lieutenant General Ben Hodges, outgoing commander of the US Army Europe, arrived in the General Silvestras Zukauskas Training Area on Saturday to observe international exercise Iron Wolf II. The drills are attended by about 130 US troops who came from Poland. During the visit, the US general also discussed operations of the NATO enhanced Forward Presence Battalion Battle Group in Lithuania and the international exercises planned for next year, according to the Defence Ministry. “The German leadership over the international battalion is exactly what we need,” Hodges said in the press release. Hodges met with the Lithuanian Land Forces Commander Brigadier General Valdemaras Rupsys, the German army’s Land Forces Deputy Commander Lieutenant General Carsten Jacobsen and Mechanized Infantry Brigade Iron Wolf Colonel Mindaugas Steponavicius. According to the press release, all officers emphasized the successful integration of the international battle group in the Iron Wolf brigade and efficient combat readiness. LITHUANIA Lithuania plans to raise military salaries On 2 November, the Lithuanian government announced its plans to increase military salaries by 30-percent by the end of 2020 compared to 2016. The increase in salaries is budgeted to cost over 88 million euros over the next three years, according to a draft budget approved by the Cabinet. Salaries for the military personnel were raised by 5 percent last month. A private currently earns 555 euros per month after taxes. A sergeant is paid 714 euros and a captain earns 1,022 euros. In addition each member of the military service receives 240 euros in monthly meal allowances. Military salaries will be raised in two stages: by 15 percent in 2017- 2018 and by another 15 percent in 2019-2020. The draft budget earmarks 8 million euros for increasing military salaries next year, 39 million euros in 2019 and 41 million euros in 2020. 4 Several hundred Lithuanian troops leave for multinational exercise
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Military Guide to Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century
    US Army TRADOC TRADOC G2 Handbook No. 1 AA MilitaryMilitary GuideGuide toto TerrorismTerrorism in the Twenty-First Century US Army Training and Doctrine Command TRADOC G2 TRADOC Intelligence Support Activity - Threats Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 15 August 2007 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. 1 Summary of Change U.S. Army TRADOC G2 Handbook No. 1 (Version 5.0) A Military Guide to Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century Specifically, this handbook dated 15 August 2007 • Provides an information update since the DCSINT Handbook No. 1, A Military Guide to Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century, publication dated 10 August 2006 (Version 4.0). • References the U.S. Department of State, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Country Reports on Terrorism 2006 dated April 2007. • References the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), Reports on Terrorist Incidents - 2006, dated 30 April 2007. • Deletes Appendix A, Terrorist Threat to Combatant Commands. By country assessments are available in U.S. Department of State, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Country Reports on Terrorism 2006 dated April 2007. • Deletes Appendix C, Terrorist Operations and Tactics. These topics are covered in chapter 4 of the 2007 handbook. Emerging patterns and trends are addressed in chapter 5 of the 2007 handbook. • Deletes Appendix F, Weapons of Mass Destruction. See TRADOC G2 Handbook No.1.04. • Refers to updated 2007 Supplemental TRADOC G2 Handbook No.1.01, Terror Operations: Case Studies in Terror, dated 25 July 2007. • Refers to Supplemental DCSINT Handbook No. 1.02, Critical Infrastructure Threats and Terrorism, dated 10 August 2006. • Refers to Supplemental DCSINT Handbook No.
    [Show full text]
  • Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts, Components and Ammunition To, from and Across the European Union
    Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union REGIONAL ANALYSIS REPORT 1 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union REGIONAL ANALYSIS REPORT UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 © United Nations, 2020. All rights reserved, worldwide. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copy- right holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. UNODC would appreciate receiving a copy of any written output that uses this publication as a source at [email protected]. DISCLAIMERS This report was not formally edited. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC, nor do they imply any endorsement. Information on uniform resource locators and links to Internet sites contained in the present publication are provided for the convenience of the reader and are correct at the time of issuance. The United Nations takes no responsibility for the continued accuracy of that information or for the content of any external website. This document was produced with the financial support of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect
    [Show full text]
  • Limits of Civil Rights As a Guaranty of Political Neutrality Ilmars Dzenevs National Defence Academy of Latvia Baltic Defence College, Tartu, Estonia
    LATVIA’S MILITARY PERSONNEL: Limits of Civil Rights as a Guaranty of Political Neutrality Ilmars Dzenevs National Defence Academy of Latvia Baltic Defence College, Tartu, Estonia National Defence Academy, Latvia (Left) Baltic Defence College, Estonia (Right) Edited by Jason Warner, FMSO Open Source, Foreign Perspective, Underconsidered/Understudied Topics The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is an open source research organization of the U.S. Army. It was founded in 1986 as an innovative program that brought together military specialists and civilian academics to focus on military and security topics derived from unclassified, foreign media. Today FMSO maintains this research tradition of special insight and highly collaborative work by conducting unclassified research on foreign perspectives of defense and security issues that are understudied or unconsidered. The Baltic Defence College is a modern, multinational and English language based defense college in Tartu, Estonia with a Euro-Atlantic scope and regional focus. It educates and sustains professional development of officers and civil servants through high quality courses with a general focus on joint, interagency, and multinational general staff education. The college also conducts research to enhance the wider understanding of military and defense affairs in the Baltic security and defense community. Editor’s Background Jason Warner is a Sub-Saharan Africa analyst at the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO), and a Ph.D. candidate in African/African-American Studies at Harvard University. Jason holds an M.A. in Government from Harvard University, a second M.A. in African Studies from Yale University and a B.A. (highest honors) in International Studies and French from the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.
    [Show full text]
  • The Intriguer: Stasys Raštikis, the Army, and the President
    chapter 22 The Intriguer: Stasys Raštikis, the Army, and the President The army was a new phenomenon for the Lithuanian public. It was the winner of independence in battle, the most important part of the military action in Klaipėda, the protector and guarantor of the state frontiers. The army was respected, but it was also part of the same politicized public. At first there was a catastrophic shortage of officers – a military school opened in 1919, graduat- ing class after class of young officers. The first officers were mostly veterans of the Russian army and spoke Lithuanian badly; the nationally minded younger band of officers squinted at them warily. The army was politically active – the great proof of this being the military coup of 1926. Smetona was at first thank- ful to the sks, the organizers of the coup, and to their dictator Povilas Plechavičius. The organizers received Smetona at the headquarters of the army, the office of the army chief General Silvestras Žukauskas. The Christian Democratic leader Father Mykolas Krupavičius came to the headquarters and kissed Major Plechavičius, saying, “Povilas, you have saved the country…”812 For this the army had to be rewarded – the two Tautininkai leaders tripled the officers’ salaries.813 Let us just briefly return again to Smetona’s travel through Lithuania in the summer of 1927, from Samogitia to Kaunas. Who accompanied the president? What signals did the cortège send to the public? There were a number of mili- tary: the president’s adjutant Captain Aloyzas Valušis, also the army chief General Žukauskas, General V.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Single Sky Implementation (LSSIP) LATVIA
    EUROCONTROL Local Single Sky ImPlementation (LSSIP) LATVIA Year 2016 - Level 1 Document Title LSSIP Year 2016 for Latvia Infocentre Reference 17/01/30/123 Date of Edition 05/05/2017 LSSIP Focal Point Erika Neimane - [email protected] LSSIP Contact Person Luca Dell’Orto - [email protected] Status Released Intended for Agency Stakeholders Available in http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/lssip Reference Documents LSSIP Documents http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/lssip LSSIP Guidance Material http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/lssip Master Plan Level 3 – Plan Edition http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/european-atm-master- 2016 plan-level-3-implementation-plan Master Plan Level 3 – Report Year http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/european-atm-master- 2015 plan-level-3-implementation-report European ATM Portal https://www.eatmportal.eu and http://www.atmmasterplan.eu/ STATFOR Forecasts http://www.eurocontrol.int/statfor Acronyms and abbreviations http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/glossaries National AIP https://ais.lgs.lv/Latvian%20eAIP FAB Performance Plan https://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/ses-performance- scheme-reference-period-2-2015-2019 LSSIP Year 2016 Latvia Released Issue APPROVAL SHEET The following authority(ies) have approved all parts of the LSSIP Year 2016 document and their signature confirms the correctness of the reported information and reflects their commitment to implement the actions laid down in the European ATM Master Plan Level 3 Implementation Plan – Edition 2016 (also known as the ESSIP Plan). LSSIP Year 2016 Latvia Released Issue CONTENTS Chapter 1 National ATM Environment .................................................................... 4 1.1. Geographical Scope ....................................................................................................... 4 1.1.1. International Membership ............................................................................................... 4 1.1.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Single Sky Implementation (LSSIP) LATVIA
    EUROCONTROL Local Single Sky ImPlementation (LSSIP) LATVIA Year 2014 - Level 1 DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION SHEET LSSIP for Latvia Infocentre Reference: 15/01/12-23 Document Identifier Edition: Year 2014 LSSIP Year 2014 Latvia Edition Date: 19/06/2015 LSSIP Focal Point - Erika NEIMANE E-mail: Head of ATM [email protected] Section LSSIP Contact Person - Luca DELL’ ORTO E-mail: Unit DPS/PEPR [email protected] Status Intended for Working Draft General Public Draft Agency Stakeholders Proposed Issue Restricted Audience Released Issue Accessible via: Internet (www.eurocontrol.int) Path: Y:\03 LSSIP\1. LSSIP States\Latvia (LV) - LDO\Year 2014\Released\LSSIP Year 2014 LV Released.doc LINKS TO REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 1 LSSIP Guidance Material http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/guidance-material 2 ESSIP Plan Edition 2013 www.eurocontrol.int/pepr 3 ESSIP Report 2012 www.eurocontrol.int/pepr 4 STATFOR Forecasts http://www.eurocontrol.int/statfor 5 Acronyms and abbreviations http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/glossaries 6 European ATM Master Plan https://www.atmmasterplan.eu/ 7 LSSIP Documents http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/lssip 8 AIP of Latvia https://ais.lgs.lv/Latvian%20eAIP 9 FAB Performance Plan https://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/ses-performance-scheme-reference-period-1- 2012-2014 LSSIP Year 2014 Latvia Released issue APPROVAL SHEET The following authorities have approved all parts of LSSIP Year 2014 document and their signature confirms the correctness of the reported information and reflects their commitment to implement the actions laid down in the European Single Sky ImPlementation (ESSIP) Plan – Edition 2014. LSSIP Year 2014 Latvia Released issue TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Countering Russia and Chinese Cyber-Aggression
    Countering Russia and Chinese Cyber-Aggression Prospects for Transatlantic cooperation Franklin Holcomb Countering Russia and Chinese Cyber-Aggression CONTENTS ABOUT THE AUTHORS Executive Summary ......................................... 1 Franklin Holcomb is a Title VIII Fellow in the Introduction ....................................................... 1 Transatlantic Leadership program at CEPA with a Background ......................................................... 2 focus on Russian and Eastern European security Section 1: The Cyber Bear and Dragon ....... 3 and political analysis. Section 2: European Innovation and Before joining CEPA, Franklin worked as an analyst at the Institute for the Study of War Strengths in Cyber Defense ........................... 5 where he published multiple reports on Eastern Section 3: The United States and Europe ... 9 European security, particularly focused on the Endnotes .............................................................. 11 Russian invasion of Ukraine. He also worked as an academic assistant at the Baltic Defense College in Tartu, Estonia as part of his master’s degree studies. ABOUT CEPA Franklin graduated from Texas A&M University with a double major in Russian Language and The Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA) International Studies: Politics and Diplomacy. He works to reinvent Atlanticism for a more secure is finishing his master’s degree in Democracy future. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., and and Governance at the University of Tartu where led by seasoned transatlanticists and emerging he studied governance policy, including Estonia’s leaders from both sides of the Atlantic, CEPA e-Governance systems. His dissertation is brings an innovative approach to the foreign focused on the analysis of the militias of Estonia, policy arena. Our cutting-edge analysis and Latvia, and Lithuania. He has a deep interest in timely debates galvanize communities of cybersecurity, particularly as it relates to political influence while investing in the next generation and military activity in Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • GURPS High-Tech: Pulp Guns, Volume 1
    PULP GUNS, VOLUME 1 Written by HANS-CHRISTIAN VORTISCH Edited by PHIL MASTERS An e23 Sourcebook for GURPS® STEVE JACKSON GAMES Stock #37-1631 Version 1.0 – June, 2008 ® CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 3 Non-Repeating Pistols . 6 Exotic Shotgun Ammo . 23 GURPS High-Tech and This Book . 3 Pulp Guns Slang . 6 Shotgun Chokes . 24 Publication History. 3 Revolvers . 7 Submachine Guns. 26 About the Author. 3 Hammerless Handguns . 8 The Cutts Compensator . 30 Photo Acknowledgments . 3 Fitz Special . 9 AMMUNITION TABLES . .32 Driven to Tears . 10 EXPLOSIVES . .32 PULP-ERA FIREARMS . 4 Semiautomatic Pistols . 13 GUN CASES AND LOAD-BEARING FIREARMS AND THE LAW . .4 Flashlight Revolver. 13 EQUIPMENT . .33 SHOPPING SPREE . .5 The Boxed Cannon. 14 Shotguns . 22 WEAPON DESCRIPTIONS . .6 INDEX. 34 About GURPS Steve Jackson Games is committed to full support of Errata. Everyone makes mistakes, including us – but we GURPS players. Our address is SJ Games, P.O. Box 18957, do our best to fix our errors. Up-to-date errata sheets for all Austin, TX 78760. Please include a self-addressed, stamped GURPS releases, including this book, are available on our envelope (SASE) any time you write us! We can also be website – see below. reached by e-mail: [email protected]. Resources include: Internet. Visit us on the World Wide Web at www.sjgames.com for errata, updates, Q&A, and much Pyramid (www.sjgames.com/pyramid). Our online mag- more. To discuss GURPS with SJ Games staff and fellow azine includes new GURPS rules and articles. It also covers gamers, come to our forums at forums.sjgames.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Deterrence Dilemma in Latvia and Estonia: Finding the Balance Between External Military Solidarity and Territorial Defence
    Journal on Baltic Security , 2017; 3(2): 29–41 Research Article Open Access Māris Andžāns, Viljar Veebel* Deterrence Dilemma in Latvia and Estonia: Finding the Balance between External Military Solidarity and Territorial Defence DOI 10.1515/jobs-2017-0005 received September 30, 2017; accepted October 14, 2017. Abstract: While potential threats from Russia and NATO collective defence commitments are similar for Latvia and Estonia, both countries have adopted different approaches in the balancing exercise between territorial defence and military solidarity. Notwithstanding their differences, both are by their nature fully non-aggressive – without room for pre-emptive initiatives, extra territoriality or asymmetrical tools. Given that in a case of a hypothetical large-scale conventional attack both countries would almost entirely have to rest on the allies, external military solidarity is essential. Until the Ukraine crisis, both offered more military solidarity towards their NATO allies than the latter offered to them. As the result of the Ukrainian crisis, allies became more military-solidary with the Baltic nations, especially having established the Enhanced Forward Presence, while Estonian and especially Latvian contributions to international missions and operations dropped. Therefore, it is suggested that both countries increase their efforts to the allied international endeavours. Keywords: deterrence dilemma, military solidarity, Latvia, Estonia, NATO. 1 Introduction Russia’s aggression against Georgia in 2008 and Ukraine since 2014 have clearly demonstrated that Russia is ready to use military force against its neighbours. Due to these and other reasons arising from historical experience and Russia’s present behaviour, both Latvia and Estonia rank its neighbour, namely Russia, as the main source of potential threats across different sectors of national security.
    [Show full text]
  • Lithuanian Independence Movement That Struggle Did Not Succeed, It Energized the Only Gradually Evolved in the Homeland
    Special Footprints of Lithuanian Americans in the struggle for Independence Lithuanian American National Council A FREQUENTLY OVERLOOKED HISTORIC Convention, Madison Square FACT IS THAT LITHUANIA’S DECLARATION Garden, New TH York, March 13- OF INDEPENDENCE OF FEBRUARY 16 , 14, 1918. 1918, DID NOT OCCUR OVERNIGHT. IT WAS, Photo above INSTEAD, THE CONSEQUENCE OF A SERIES in the right: OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS AND POLITICAL Lithuanian American DEVELOPMENTS. THIS, OF COURSE, DOES National NOT DETRACT FROM THE ACHIEVEMENT Council, delegate pin Whitehead WHICH THE DECLARATION’S SIGNATORIES Hoag, New BROUGHT ABOUT. HOWEVER, IT MUST BE Jersey. REMEMBERED THAT THERE WERE MANY OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE INCLUDING MANY LITHUANIAN AMERICANS WHO ENERGETICALLY JOINED IN AND EFFECTIVELY CONTRIBUTED TO THIS CAMPAIGN. 16 Lithuanian Military Digest Special THE NATIONAL AWAKENING Independence — complete Lithuanian politi- t is generally agreed that the Lithuanian cal sovereignty a year before it was declared in National Awakening of the late 19th centu- Lithuania! ry and the resultant Lithuanian Indepen- Idence movement stemmed from the Polish- A LITHUANIAN MONARCHY? Lithuanian Insurrection of 1863–1864. While The Lithuanian independence movement that struggle did not succeed, it energized the only gradually evolved in the homeland. Initial- nation to continue its efforts to free itself from ly, the leaders of the movement merely sought Czarist rule. The consequent brutal suppres- some modicum of political autonomy, some sion of this insurrection led to an even greater accommodation within the framework of Czar- resolve to resist tyranny. The Russian regime ist Russian Empire. In 1905 the Russians were outlawed the publishing of books in the Lithu- routed in the ill-fated Russo-Japanese War.
    [Show full text]
  • Baltic Visions and Dilemmas of Territorial Defence After 16 Years In
    Zaleski, K., Sliwa, Z., & Veebel, V. (2020). Baltic visions and dilemmas of Journal territorial defence after 16 years in NATO. Journal of International Studies, 13(4), of International 184-196. doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2020/13-4/13 Studies © Foundation Baltic visions and dilemmas of territorial of International Studies, 2020 defence after 16 years in NATO © CSR, 2020 Papers Scientific Krzystof Zaleski WSB University, Dabrowa Gornica, Poland [email protected] Zdzislaw Śliwa Baltic Defence College, Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia [email protected] Viljar Veebel Baltic Defence College, Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia [email protected] ORCID 0000-0002-9122-0134 Abstract. The concepts of development of territorial defence forces and capabilities Received: are different within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and are June, 2020 1st Revision: closely linked with specific characteristics of respective nations. Moreover, it is October, 2020 linked with historic circumstances, culture, composition of society and other Accepted: specific domains. Changes in the internal and international security environment December, 2020 are further affecting decisions about selecting specific defence and deterrence models. The security on the Eastern Flank of the NATO has progressed visibly DOI: after 2014 events in Ukraine, causing investments into Estonian, Latvian and 10.14254/2071- Lithuanian territorial defence as a recognition of their value to support their 8330.2020/13-4/13 armed forces. The aim of the current research is to analyse the ongoing evolution of territorial defence forces of three Baltic countries in broader regional perspective in light of changed threat perception and risk assessments.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen-Soldier Magazine Issue 4 Vol 1
    A Resource for the Soldiers and Families of the Army National Guard Citizen-Soldier CITIZEN-SOLDIERMAGAZINE.COM ISSUE 4 // VOL 1 Pennsylvania and Tennessee Soldiers Master Qualifications as Joint Members of the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment | Page 22 TRICARE Dental BRIDGING THE GAP Take Advantage of Affordable South Carolina Army National Guard Dental Care That Can Help You Keep Champions the New Army National Compliant With Your PHA | Page 44 Guard Patriot Training Program | Page 6 page 6 MEMORIAL DAY CELEBRATE HONOR REMEMBER MAY 28, 2018 FEATURES BRIDGING THE GAP 6 The South Carolina Army National Guard’s 263rd Army Air Missile Defense Command is bridging the information gap as they prepare Soldiers for battle with the new Army National Guard Patriot Training Program. A REAL CALL OF DUTY 11 A former Army National Guard Soldier and World War II Veteran uses his action- packed memory from the past to help shape the scenery of a newer generation’s national pastime. (GUARD) MAN’S BEST FRIEND 19 Read one Soldier’s story of how she came to the rescue of a four-legged evacuee, searching for help in the aftermath of a natural disaster. FORTIFIED THROUGH TEAMWORK 22 Soldiers from the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment use collaboration ISSUE 4 | VOL 1 and perseverance to complete qualification training in preparation for both NTC and an upcoming deployment to the Middle East. DELTA DELUGE 27 The Arkansas Army National Guard responds with speed and fervor to record-breaking and potentially recurring floods in the Northeast section of the State. FACILITATING EDUCATION – BYPASSING DEBT 39 The Idaho Army National Guard spotlights three Soldiers and how they used the National Guard Tuition Assistance Program to create their own legacy of education – debt-free.
    [Show full text]