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Multicultural Study in the Perspective of Education in Shaping the Nation on Cohesion

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Multicultural Study in the Perspective of Education in Shaping the Nation on Cohesion International Conference on Global Education V “Global Education, Common Wealth, and Cultural Diversity” MULTICULTURAL STUDY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATION IN SHAPING THE NATION ON COHESION AHMAD RAIHAN NUARI Email : [email protected] Graduate Student, Economic Department, State University of Medan ABSTRACT The harmony of national life today becomes important, given the emergence of various issues concerning inter-ethnic divisions, religious groups and so it takes a preventive education patterns and inherent in the education curriculum in schools. This study aims to explain the importance of multicultural education as an effort to maintain harmony in Indonesia. This study uses references from the literature relating to the theme of the study. From the study of the existing literature recommends the importance of multicultural education to be made part of the curriculum in secondary education level, especially high school. Keywords: Multicultural Studies, Education, And Harmony Live Nation Introduction In line with growing age, education is the most important factor and has a great influence to change the mindset of the laity and stiff became more modern, making insights. Education is very important for everyone, therefore the Government of Indonesia has already announced a program of compulsory nine-year schooling. The importance of education is also visible from the magnitude of the budget provided by the Government to education, i.e. 20% of the total NATIONAL BUDGET Indonesia. Actually education is not just limited to formal education at school or University, since we are born we have got education from our parents. The purpose of education is to create quality and character of a person thus has a broad view to the front to achieve a goal that is expected and is able to adapt quickly and appropriately in a variety of environments. Because education itself motivate ourselves for the better in all aspects of life. As stated in the Sisdiknas law No. 20 of 2003, that the purpose of national education is to the development of potential learners in order to become a man of faith and piety to God Almighty, precious, healthy, have learned, accomplished, creative, independent, and become citizens of a democratic and responsible. Universitas Ekasakti, Padang, 10 – 11 April 2017 2501 International Conference on Global Education V “Global Education, Common Wealth, and Cultural Diversity” In the era of globalization nowadays we can not escape the global life. The wave of democracy increasingly open regarding not only bring positive values in terms of respect for human rights (human rights) and the existence of groups of people, but also have a negative impact for the continuation of the lives of the nation and split split a country. Like the events that occurred in Papua, where a plurality of Tolikara Church Church Gidi attacked Muslims who pray are Eid al-Fitr, a sudden create communities, particularly Muslims, to respond with a variety of opinions. Some sniping, even to condemn the heinous event. Antaretnis conflict also occurred last year in the town of Tanjung Balai which resulted in the destruction and looting of the anarchist as well as various houses of worship facilities which cause a lot of losses. It was this event which then ignite the fire of religious antarumat etnosentrisme good Islam or Christianity, that has been able to muted well. (Kompas). Viewed such phenomena, the application of education in Indonesia are required to have a sensitivity of multikultura facing the current rotation of globalization. Pattern doktrinasi monokulturalisme imposed during the new order needs to be evaluated, because it implies negative for reconstruction of culture the multicultural Indonesia. On the other hand is still often we come across the existence of the phenomenon of the split in the middle of the community, either in the form of a brawl between students/riot, RT, between tribes until the desire to separate themselves from the SO, still often coloring national media both print and electronic media. To date there has been no serious multicultural education handled in Indonesia, whereas in neighbouring countries since the year 2000 already implement multicultural education at various levels of the school. Therefore, to build a sense of unity and unity as well as a sense of nationalism in the middle of a plural and multicultural communities in Indonesia, as well as answer some problems kemajemukan as described above, it takes systematic measures that can serve as a national movement. In this paper the authors offer solutions through "the importance of the application of Multicultural Education in Indonesia". The Meaning Of Multicultural Education Multicultural is derived from two words namely multi and kultul, multi meaning many and kultul means culture. Gollnick (1998) a multicultural education is education for life in a free democratic society, its student help transcend their cultural boundaries and aquire the knowledge, attitudes and skills needed to engage in public discourse with 2502 Universitas Ekasakti, Padang, 10 – 11 April 2017 International Conference on Global Education V “Global Education, Common Wealth, and Cultural Diversity” people who differ from themselves and to participate in the creation of a civic culture and work for the common good. According to H.A. R Tilaar (1998) gives a sense of multicultural education as a transboundary discourse that peeling problems regarding social justice, deliberation, and human rights, issues-political, moral, educational and religious. While Ainurrofiq (2003) says Dawam, multicultural education is the process of developing the whole human potential that respect the plurality and cultural diversity as a consequence of heterogeneity of ethnic, tribal, and the flow of (religion). According to Zubaedi (2004), multicultural education is a renewal movement that changed the educational components include changing senua basic value of education, the rules of procedure, curriculum, instructional materials, organizational structures and Government policies that reflect cultural pluralism as a reality of society Indonesia. Defenisi this is not much different with the opinion Azyumardi Azra (2000) where education multicultural education for cultural diversity or in responding to changes in the demographics and culture of a particular society or even the environment as a whole in order to tercita the collective consciousness. A thorough understanding of the definition above, the author argues that multicultural education is the process of planting a way of life, genuine, respectful and tolerant of diversity of cultures that lived in the middle of a plural society. This meaning that multiculturalism is a theological movement to memehami all the differences that exist in every man, as well as how the differences could be accepted as natural and not to be the reason for the occurrence of acts of discrimination, anarchist behavior tend to be divisive nation. The education process is done consciously and planned to realize and develop the potential for him to have a religious spiritual strength, self-control, personality, attitudes, and skills required of him, the community, the nation and the State. Multicultural Education Goals Multicultural education and to train and build student character agarmampu be democratic, humanist and pluralis in their environment. In other words, can be described through a proverb "while diving drinking water." Artunya in addition to expected student can easily understand, master and have good competence against the subjects taught the teacher, students are also expected to be able to always be and apply democratic values, humanism and pluralism in school or outside of school. Universitas Ekasakti, Padang, 10 – 11 April 2017 2503 International Conference on Global Education V “Global Education, Common Wealth, and Cultural Diversity” Yaqin (2005) reveals a multicultural education has two objectives, namely the original purpose and ultimate goal. The initial goal is the goal while goal because this function only as intermediaries in order to make the goal eventually is good. The original purpose of education multicultural education that is building a multicultural educational discourse among teachers, professors, experts in education, making education and mahasiswajurusan in the world of science education as well as the General student. The expectation when they have a multicultural education discourse is good then later, they not only can afford to build the skills and expertise of students towards subjects that he teaches. But also able to be multicultural education transformer capable of instilling the values of pluralism, democracy and humanism directly at the school to the participants his learners. As for the ultimate purpose of this multicultural education, learners are not only able to understand and master the subject matter which he had learned but it is expected that learners will have a strong character to always be democratic, pluralis and humanist. The urgency of the implementation of Multicultural Education in Indonesia Indonesia is one of the largest multicultural Country in the world. The truth of this statement can be viewed from the condition of social-cultural as well as geographic are so diverse and extensive. Now, the number of islands in the territory of a unitary State of Republic Indonesia (SO) around 1,754 Islands large and small. Population the population numbered more than 250 million people, consisting of 1,126 tribes using nearly
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