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Production of Hides, Skins, Wool and Hair

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Production of Hides, Skins, Wool and Hair The EAAP series is published under thedirectio n of Siem Korveran d Jean Boyazoglu lUROp.f Production ofhides , skins,woo l and hair Symposium organizedby : European Association forAnima l Production (EAAP) International Center forAdvance d Mediterranean Studies (CIHEAM) European Community (EC) University ofÇukurova , Faculty ofAgricultur e (ÇUZF) General Directorate ofProject s and Implementation - Turkish Ministry ofAgriculture , Forestry and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) The European Association for Animal Production wishes to express its appreciation toth e Ministero Agricoltura e Foreste, Associazione Italiana Allevatori and Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Bovini Razza Frisona Italiana for ther valuable support of its activities o /&/ £)CK\/Uw v.-^o., ^ ••:-,,o \ Production of hides, skins, wool and hair Proceedings of the joint EAAP-CIHEAM-EC-ÇUZF-MAFRA Symposium Adana,Turkey , 2-6 November 1991 (EAAP Publication No. 56) O. Güney,O . Biçer & M.S. Ranieri (Compilers) Pudoc Scientific Publishers Wageningen, 1993 yj^^mA As these proceedings were being finalized, we were informed of the untimely passing away of our colleague and good friend Professor YALÇIN. We want to dedicate this issue to his memory, in recognition of his loyal and unselfish action in favour of the Mediterranean Small Ruminant Sector. Jean Boyazoglu and Jean-Claude Flamant Is t June 1992 BlbLlU'lHiLkjsi rwoßouwuNrvERsiTKi*. CIP-data Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag ISBN 90-220-1067-8 NUGI 835 ISSN 0071-2477 © Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, Netherlands, 1993. All rights reserved. Nothing from this publication may be reproduced, stored in a computerized system or published in any form or any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher, Pudoc, P.O. Box 4, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. The individual contributions in this publication and any liabilities arising from them remain the responsibility of the authors. Insofar as photocopies from this publication are permitted byth e Copyright Act 1912,Articl e 16Ban d Royal Netherlands Decree of 20Jun e 1974(Staatsbla d 351) asamende d in Royal Netherlands Decree of 23 August 1985 (Staatsblad 471) and by Copyright Act 1912,Articl e 17,th e legally defined copyright fee for any copies should be transferred to the Stichting Reprorecht (P.O. Box 882, 1180 AW Amstelveen, Netherlands). For reproduction of parts of this publication in compilations such asanthologie s or readers (Copyright Act 1912, Article 16), permission must be obtained from the publisher. Printed in the Netherlands Contents Preface — M.Özsa n 1 Introduction —/ . Boyazoglu, J.C.Flamant 3 Introductive session Chairman: O.Tekinel ; Co-chairman:J.L .Tisseran d Aworl drevie w of hides, skins,woo l andhai rproductio n andmarketin g— W.Krostit z 7 Sheepproductio n inTurke y— E. Pekel, B.C. Yalçin, O. Güney, O. Biçer, O. Torun 25 Session 1.Hides ,skin san dleathe r production Chairman: M.Vail sOrtiz ;Co-chairman :E .Pekel . Anisotrophy of physical characteristic functions of sheepleathe r— M. Eskolin, M.Marjoniemi, E.Mäntysalo 33 Effects of diseases on theproducti n of hides, skins and animal fibres * — L.Blajan / 38 Effects of abattoirprocedure s on thequalit y of hides and skins *— L. Blajan 43 Theus e of hides in Morocco,characteristic s of the sector * — A. Eddebbarh, B. Jabrane, N. Chraibi 47 Problems andpossibilitie s of theTurkis h privateleathe rindustr y * —T. Kosar 52 TheTurkis h Leather Industry,it sfutur e andpossibilities ,th ecompetitio n with the industry in theEuropea n Community —U.E. Artan 59 Session 2. Environmental problemsassociate d toth eleathe r industry Chairman: R. Février; Co-chairman: O. Öztürkcan Scientific andtechnica l innovations for controlling the environment and the water waste quality of the leather industry * — A. Simoncini, E.Miriani 67 Possibility ofreductio n andre-usin g thewaste s of Turkish leatherindustr y that causeenvironmenta l pollution— Ö. Sari, AN. Yapici 74 Use of thebiomasse s andth e by-products of theleathe rindustr y in agriculture — S.Silva, C. Baffi 11 Session 3. Breeding andfeedin g inwoo l and hair production Chairman:V . Timon;Co-chairman :A .Eliçi n Physiological basis and genetics of wool andhai rproductio n in smallruminant s andrabbit s *— D. Allain, R.G.Thébault, H. deRochambeau 85 Producing desired woolcharacteristic s during fleece growth— ML. Ryder 92 Nutritional characteristics andfeedin g strategies for Angora goats * — P. Morand-Fehr 97 Comparison ofTurkis h angora goats withAmerica n x Turkish crossbred generations in body weight andmohai r traits— B.C. Yalçin, P. Horst, H. Günes 108 Session 4. Angora andcashmer e goats Chairman:R . Sonniez;Co-chairman :H .Alik o Wool andmohai rproductio n inTurke y— A. Eligin,N. Akman, SM. Yener 115 Mohairproductio n inFrance :valorizin gfleece s bydirec t sales *— A. Billant, M.Joly 118 Cashmereproductio n in China— ML. Ryder 123 Opportunities for cashmere production— R.C. Couchman, E.Tuncel 128 Breedingobjective s for Australian cashmere goats— R.W. Ponzoni, D.R. Gifford 135 Phenotypic andgeneti cparameter s for production characteristics of Australian cashmere goats— D.R. Gifford,R.W. Ponzoni, N.J.Simon Ellis, F.C.R. Levinge,ML. Milne 147 Session5 . Woolan dfleece characteristic s Chairman:T .Treacher ; Co-chairman: E.Tunce l Wool associated toothe r sheepproduct s indifferen t production systems and breedingprogramme s inEurop e— S. Jankowski 157 Objective measurements of wool: stateo f thear t— C. Sergent 162 Colorimetric analysis andmelanin s quantitative determination in thehai r of goats withdifferen t pigmentation genotypes *— C. Renieri, L. Ramunno, N.Montemurro, V.M. Moretti, M.Trabaha Marinucci 170 Carpet wool,productio n andrequirement s— RA. Guirgis 175 Investigations on the suitability of wool,fo r textileproduc t andcarpets ,obtaine d from improved sheep inWester n Turkey— N. Erdem, M.Kaymakçi, R. Sönmez 181 Camel hairan d hides;a revie w * —J.L. Tisserand 185 Fleececharacteristic s of Moroccan breeds of sheep— M. Bourfia, A.Abdelali, M.S.Laidouni, MM. ElHmamsi 190 Session 6. Carpet and rug production Chairman: B. Markotic; Co-chairman: H.Ipe k Thehistor y andpresen t situation ofTurkis h carpet industry— O. Aslanapa 197 Thecarpe tproductio n andpossibilitie s of improvingproductio n in Eastern Anatolia— N.S.Tellioglu 202 Thepreservatio n of the traditional characteristics of hand-wovenTurkis h carpets andth eimportanc eo fnatura l dyes— G.Paksoy 204 Research anddevelopmen t of thenatura l dyesuse dfo r traditional carpets in the Aegean region "Dobagproject "— M. Aslier 208 The state's rolei n theTurkis h carpet sector— LH. Güngör 212 Production andloca l transformation of wooli n Algeria * —A. Ayachi, M.T.Benyoucef 215 Discussion pannel and conclusion Chairman:J . Boyazoglu;Co-chairman :K .Doga n Theexten t towhic h wool,hair , hide andski nproductio n areprofitabl e for farmers; anintroductio n to thediscussio n *— J.P. Boutonnet, J.C.Flamant 225 Poster presentations Coordinator: O.Biçe r Genetic analysis of greasyfleece weigh t andew elam b growth of the Gentiled i Puglia sheep breed *— C. Renieri,C. Pieramati, S.Dell'Aquila, L. Taibi 233 Postnataldevelopmen t of woolfollicle s ofPramenk a sheepbree d— M. Vegara 236 Heredity of woolfinenes s ofdifferen t sheepbreed s andthei rcrosse s — Z. Causevic, B. Markotic, M.Vegara, A.Smajic, H. Omanovic 239 Thecomparativ e study of woolfollicle s ofPramenka ,Merinolandscha f and Romanoff sheep breeds andthei rcrosse s— B. Markotic, Z.Causevic, M. Vegara, A. Smajic, H. Omanovic 242 Use andproductio n of Angorarabbi t hairi nItal y— C. Lazzaroni, I.Zoccarato, G. PaganoToscano, A.Bosticco, MJ. Auxilia 245 Mohairproductio n districts andconsumptio n of mohairi n Turkey— Y. Yazicioglu, Z. Yildirim 247 Aresearc h on somephysica l properties andprincipa l utilization of mohairs producedi n Ankara andBol u districts— Y. Yazicioglu, Z. Yildirim 249 Cashmere fibre production from Australasian andSiberia n (GornoAltai ) goats in acros s breedingprogramm e— L.C. Roger, A. Waterhouse, N. Wray, M.Gallagher, S.Scanlan 251 Angora goats breeding in Italy:preliminar y data— S. Misiti, M.Antonini, F. Carnevali, F. Castrignan, E.Stella / 254 Ovulation rateo f maiden andmatur e South Australian cashmere does— D.O. Kleemann, D.R.Gifford, TL Grosser, CL. Trengove, F.C.R. Levinge 257 Therelatio n between aptitude for transhumance andfleec e characteristics in seven French sheep genetictype s— J.F. Hocquette, M.Vermorel, J.Bouix 259 Phenotypic correlations andproductiv e wool traits of Australian Merinoan d Polwarth breeds raised in Brazil— E.R. Siqueira, P.F. Vieira, S.B.Pons 263 Repeatability of woolcharacteristic s andbod y shorn weighti n ewes of five breeds,raise d inintensiv e grazing system— E.R.Siqueira, P.F. Vieira, S.B.Pons 266 TheSard a sheep breed andth e local carpet industry —S. Casu, P. Cappai, M.Atzori 269 Present situation andfutur e of hand woven wool carpets— M. Arli, F. Ilgaz, N.Kayabasi 21A Design characteristics in Anatolian carpets— LH. Güngör 276 Summary and conclusions Summary of symposium sessions— 0. Kaftanoglu 281 Conclusions * —/ . Boyazoglu, J.C.Flamant 290 * texti nFrenc h Preface Dear Colleagues, Iti sa grea tpleasur e for mehavin g youher efo r the"Internationa l Symposiumo nProductio n ofHides , Skins,Woo l andHair :Evaluatio n andFutur eRol ei nTh eMediterranea n Basin and TheMiddl eEast "whic h isjointl y organisedb yEuropea n Associationfo r AnimalProductio n (EAAP), International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (QHEAM), the European Community (EC), Çukurova University and The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in ÇukurovaUniversit y campuso n November 2-6,1991. Ouryoun g University with apas thistor y of only 17year s is situated on 200 0hectare so f landoverlookin g theSeyha nRive rLake ,i nth efourt h largestcit yo fTurkey ,Adana ,th ecente r oftextil eindustr y andmajo r producero f cotton andcitru sfruits . During the symposium,yo u willb ehavin gscientifi c andtechnica ldiscussion swit hyou rcolleague so nman y subjects and will exchanges ideas and information as well.
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