DOCSLIB.ORG

Aboriginal Interpreter Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aboriginal Interpreter Report OFFICE OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORY ANTI-DISCRIMINATION COMMISSIONER Dawn Lawrie JP Commissioner The Hon Denis Burke MLA Attorney General Parliament House State Square Darwin NT 0800 &~) Dear Attorney I have pleasure in presenting my report on the "Inquiry into the Provision of an Interpreter Service in Aboriginal Languages by the Northern Territory Government", pursuant to S.13{1}(f) of the NT Anti-Discrimination Act 1992. I commend the report to you. Yours sincerely t DAWN LAWRIE 29 July 1999 LMB 22 GPO Darwin NT 0801 Telephone & TIT: (08) 89 813 813 Freecall: 1800 813846 • Fax: (08) 89 813 812 OFFICE OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORY ANTI-DISCRIMINATION COMMISSIONER Dawn Lawrie JP Commissioner Author's note The style I have adopted in writing this report is unusual in its presentation and use of anecdotal evidence. I ·felt it was necessary to portray, so far as possible in their own words, the disadvantage faced by Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory because of their lack of access to interpreters. The two main areas of concern, health and legal services, are the focus of this report. I would like to thank the many people who provided evidence to the Inquiry, I hope their faith in this process is fulfilled. I would also like to thank Ms Sharon Woon, who worked as project officer. Her assistance throughout the term of the Inquiry has been invaluable. My thanks too, to Karyn Jessop and Somsong Abert who between them have prepared the report for publication. Without them - it would not have been possible. DAWN LAWRIE 29 July 1999 LMB 22 GPO Darwin NT 0801 Telephone & TIY: (08) 89 813 813 Freecall: 1800 813846 • Fax: (08) 89 813 812 CONTENTS PAGE NO INTRODUCTION 1 CONDUCT OF THE INQUIRY 1 - 2 BACKGROUND 2-5 INDICATORS OF DISADVANTAGE 5-6 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW 6 - 7 AUSTRALIAN LAW 7-8 NT ANTI-DISCRIMINATION ACT 8 - 13 TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE INQUIRY 14- 63 CONCLUSIONS 64- 65 RECOMMENDATIONS 66 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: SUMMARY OF ORGANISATIONS PROVIDING SUBMISSIONS APPENDIX 2: RELATED REPORTS ON INTERPRETER SERVICES APPENDIX 3: DR PJ CARROLL 1995 REPORT TO OAD APPENDIX 4: DRAFT REPORT OF 1997 TRIAL SERVICE APPENDIX 5: PUBLISHED EVALUATION REPORT APPENDIX 6: MAJOR ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES IN THE NT BIBLIOGRAPHY DRMCOOKE ANGLO/YOLNGU COMMUNICATION COOKE & WILEY "GUIDELINES TO ASSESS THE NEED FOR ·AN INTERPRETER" 1996/97 TERRITORY HEALTH SERVICES ANNUAL 1997/98REPORTS 1997/98 DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS ANNUAL REPORT 1997/98 NT POLICE, FIRE, AND EMERGENCY SERVICES ANNUAL REPORT 1997/98 NT CORRECTIONAL SERVICES ANNUAL REPORT 1996 AUSTRALIAN BUREAU OF STATISTICS - AUSTRALIA IN PROFILE - A REGIONAL ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION Following oral and written representations from a number of relevant organisations to the Anti-Discrimination Commissioner, the Public Inquiry into the provision of interpreter services in Aboriginal languages was undertaken pursuant to section 13(1)(!) of the NT Anti-Discrimination Act 1992. The terms of reference of the Inquiry are: 1. IF THERE IS A NEED FOR AN ABORIGINAL SERVICE. 2. IF ABORIGINAL PEOPLE ARE DISADVANTAGED IN ACCESSING GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND FACILITIES WITHOUT. INTERPRETERS. 3. HAVING PARTICULAR REGARD TO LEGAL AND MEDICAL SERVICES, THE EXTENT OF ANY DISADVANTAGE OR LESS FAVORABLE TREATMENT DUE TO THE LACK OF A INTERPRETER SERVICE. 4. THE FEASIBILITY OF ESTABLISHING A PERMANENT INTERPRETER SERVICE. 5. HOW SUCH A SERVICE WOULD BE PROVIDED CONSIDERING FACTORS SUCH AS: • TRAINING OF BOTH INTERPRETER SERVICE AND USERS • ACCESS AND AVAILABILITI (EG GEOGRAPHICAL SERVICES, OPERATING TIMES, AVAILABILITI TO GOVERNMENT AND OTHER AGENCIES). • NUMBER OF LANGUAGES · • COST (INCLUDING SAVINGS BECAUSE OF PROBLEMS WITH CURREl'IT IACK OF ACCESS) 6. WHETHER THERE ARE ALTERNATIVE OR ADDITIONAL MEANS OF PROVIDING EQUAL ACCESS TO SERVICES AND FACILITIES. CONDUCT OF THE INQUIRY The Public Inquiry commenced in February 1999 and was advertised throughout the Northern Territory. It attracted wide public interest with submissions received from government; the judiciary; and legal, health, and community service providers. - 1 - Public hearings to receive oral submissions for the Inquiry were conducted in Darwin and throughout the regional centres during May 1999. While it would have been appropriate to visit remote communities to receive oral submissions to the inquiry, resourcing implications and time did not allow for this to occur. Representations and submissions from remote communities, where possible were made at the public hearings in Alice Springs, Katherine, Jabilu, Nhulunbuy and Tennant Creek. A list of individuals and organisations who provided submissions to the Inquiry forms part of this report. BACKGROUND Twenty years ago pioneering Aboriginal linguist Gloria Brennan wrote a report investigating and addressing the need for an Aboriginal interpreting service, concluding there was a real and urgent need for such a service. She referred to the: "..... desperate need for both interpreting and translation services in the NT. Trained, highly qualified, spec(alised interpreters should be obligatorily attached to all hospitals, courts (magistrates and supreme), police stations." (Brennan 1979:19) Over the past two decades numerous studies have been undertaken by linguists, anthropologists and other relevant experts to assess linguistic communication with indigenous language speakers in the Northern Territory, and the impact of cross cultural communication with Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in accessing services and facilities. The studies have addressed the feasibility of providing interpreter services in key indigenous languages and a nnmber of recommendations have been made. In 1994 the government of the day gave an electoral undertaking "to develop a technical interpreter/translator service within all service delivery departments commencing with Health and Community Services and Education". Following on from the electoral undertaking, in 1995 the Office Of Aboriginal Development (OAD) and the Sub-committee on Public Safety and Social Development engaged Dr Peter Carroll (a Linguist with the National Accreditation Authority for Translators an.d Interpreters - NAATI) to prepare a report whereby this policy could be implemented. This report titled "Enhanced Communication with Aboriginal people" identified action plans for the development of interpreter services, highlighting the need in the health and justice systems. -2- A working group was established by the Chief Executive Officer of the NT Attorney General's Department to implement OAD's action plan, with representatives from OAD, NT Police, Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Office of Courts Administration, Territory Magistrates, (NAAIAS) and linguist Dr Michael Cooke. Following the Working Group's recommendation in March 1996, funding was made available by the Commonwealth Attorney Generals Department to conduct a trial service from funds set aside for the implementation of recommendations from the Royal Commission Into Aboriginal Deaths In Custody (RCIADIC). As a consequence of this an Aboriginal Languages Interpreter Service was trialled in the Top End between 6 January and 30 June 1997, focussing predominantly on health and legal services. ,:--.:7 The trial addressed four key issues: \''•::jj (a) whether there exists a need for such a service (b) the feasibility of establishing a permanent service (c) the most effective means by which a service might be run and (d) how much it is likely to cost. A report entitled "Executive Summary Northern Territory Aboriginal Languages Interpreter Service Trial Evaluation Report" was circulated to working party members and proponents of Aboriginal interpreter services throughout Darwin. The findings of the trial service working group were made very clear in the draft report, it highlighted the necessity for such a service and recommended it be administered through, the existing NTITS service, which would be both cost effective and consistent with the Government's position on the mainstreaming of service delivery to Aboriginal people. The draft report made the following responses to the key issues addressed in the trial service questions; "a) whether there exists a needfor such a service? • yes, qualitative and quantative data related to the Trial strongly supports the needfor such a service b) the feasibility of establishing a permanent Service • the establishment of a permanent service is certainly feasible and it's cost effectiveness evident (as detailed in the draft report) -3- c) the most effective means by which a Service might be run and, the most cost effective means by which to operate such a service is as part of the existing Territory Government NT Interpreter and Translator Service (NTITS). d) how much it is likely to cost? • the working party recommends the cost of delivery of the service through NTITS (based on cost of the trial service and anticipated usage) at a cost of $370,000. • the report reveals that the potential cost to governmeT!t of not providing and accessing interp,eters in Aboriginal Languages far exceeds the ~:) cost ofproviding theTTL" Sometime later, in May 1998, a final report was published by the Northern Territo:ry Attorney General's Department titled 'Trial Aboriginal Languages Interpreter Service - Evaluation Report'. The integrity of that published report has been questioned by members of the working group and proponents of an interpreter service. Due to the relevance of the draft report's recommendations to the terms of reference to this Inqui:ry, copies of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Why Women Hunt: Risk and Contemporary Foraging in a Western Desert Aboriginal Community Author(S): Rebecca Bliege Bird and Douglas W
    Why Women Hunt: Risk and Contemporary Foraging in a Western Desert Aboriginal Community Author(s): Rebecca Bliege Bird and Douglas W. Bird Source: Current Anthropology, Vol. 49, No. 4 (August 2008), pp. 655-693 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/587700 . Accessed: 22/01/2014 13:01 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press and Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Current Anthropology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.8.234.130 on Wed, 22 Jan 2014 13:01:51 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Current Anthropology Volume 49, Number 4, 2008 655 Why Women Hunt Risk and Contemporary Foraging in a Western Desert Aboriginal Community by Rebecca Bliege Bird and Douglas W. Bird An old anthropological theory ascribes gender differences in hunter-gatherer subsistence to an econ- omy of scale in household economic production: women pursue child-care-compatible tasks and men, of necessity, provision wives and offspring with hunted meat.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Sound Recordings Collected by Peter Read
    Finding aid READ_P09 Sound recordings collected by Peter Read, 1976-1978 Prepared June, 2008 by SL Last updated 16 December 2016 ACCESS Availability of copies Listening copies are available. Contact AIATSIS to arrange an appointment to listen to the recordings or to order copies. Restrictions on listening This collection is open for listening. Restrictions on use This collection is open for copying to the relevant Indigenous individuals, communities and funding bodies. All other clients may only copy this collection with the permission of Peter Read. Permission must be sought from Peter Read as well as the relevant Indigenous individual, family or community for any publication or quotation of this material. Any publication or quotation must be consistent with the Copyright Act (1968). SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE Date: 1976-1978 Extent: 11 sound tape reels (ca. 60 min. each) : analogue, 7 ½ ips, ½ track and full track, mono ; 7 in. Production history These recordings were collected between 1976 and 1978 by Peter Read and Jay Read during field work in the Northern Territory. The purpose of the field trips was to collect oral histories from a diverse number of Indigenous people. Topics of the interviews include colonisation, race relations, conflicts with non-Indigenous people, the outstation movement, defence during WW II, adjustment to non- Indigenous cultures and the preservation of Indigenous cultures. Speakers include Charlie Arriu, Eileen Rory Bardungkamara, Bob Bopani, Bilu, Rory Wudul Boyangunu, Spider Brennan, Daly Bulgara, Larry Dolly
    [Show full text]
  • A Linguistic Bibliography of Aboriginal Australia and the Torres Strait Islands
    OZBIB: a linguistic bibliography of Aboriginal Australia and the Torres Strait Islands Dedicated to speakers of the languages of Aboriginal Australia and the Torres Strait Islands and al/ who work to preserve these languages Carrington, L. and Triffitt, G. OZBIB: A linguistic bibliography of Aboriginal Australia and the Torres Strait Islands. D-92, x + 292 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1999. DOI:10.15144/PL-D92.cover ©1999 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS FOUNDING EDITOR: Stephen A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: Malcolm D. Ross and Darrell T. Tryon (Managing Editors), John Bowden, Thomas E. Dutton, Andrew K. Pawley Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in linguistic descriptions, dictionaries, atlases and other material on languages of the Pacific, the Philippines, Indonesia and Southeast Asia. The authors and editors of Pacific Linguistics publications are drawn from a wide range of institutions around the world. Pacific Linguistics is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at The Australian NatIonal University. Pacific Linguistics was established in 1963 through an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund. It is a non-profit-making body financed largely from the sales of its books to libraries and individuals throughout the world, with some assistance from the School. The Editorial Board of Pacific Linguistics is made up of the academic staff of the School's Department of Linguistics. The Board also appoints a body of editorial advisors drawn from the international community of linguists.
    [Show full text]
  • Index of Languages, Dialects and Language Groups
    Cambridge University Press 0521473780 - Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development - R. M. W. Dixon Index More information INDEX OF LANGUAGES, DIALECTS AND LANGUAGE GROUPS *indicates a non-Australian language or language family or subgroup Aboriginal English 40 phonology 561–4, 571, 579, 593–7, 602, Adjnjamathanha, WBb2 618, 626–8, 643 phonology 593–4, 610, 643 pronouns 283, 289–91, 335, 382 pronouns 70, 283, 310–11, 350, 373, 517–19 verbs 197 syntax 523 Aranda, see Arrernte Aghu-Tharrnggala, De2 6, 609 Arandic areal group, WL 12, 670–2, 684 Agwamin, Jb2 601, 635 phonology 591–3, 597, 601–2, 633–4, 651–4 Ainu* 241 pronouns 283, 396 Alawa, NBm verbs 199 noun classes 509, 512 Arawak family* 36 nouns 159 Aritinngithigh, Ba8 576, 598, 629 phonology 568, 572, 583, 614, 636, 658 Arrernte, WL1 18, 99, 670–2 pronouns 248, 255, 398 classifiers 455–9 verbs 179, 191, 405, 418–20, 432, 446 phonology 548–51, 568, 574, 582, 628, 634 Algonquian family* 443 pronouns 289, 295–6, 396, 402 Aljawarra, WL1 145–7 switch-reference 89–90 Amurdag, NKb 510, 668 verbs 82–3, 179, 242, 322 nouns 472 Atampaya, Ba2 156–7 pronouns 339, 350, 357, 397–9, 519 Athapaskan family* 443 verbs 212, 406, 420, 432–4 Austronesian family* xx, 11, 24 Andjingith, Ba10 608 Awabagal, Na1 83, 155, 280, 351, 356–7, Angkamuthi, Ba2 569 395, 461 Anguthimri, Ba6 141–4, 159, 321–2, 535, 569 Awngthim, Ba6 591, 598, 601 Aninhdhilyagwa, NBd3 noun classes 460, 475–6, 481, 487, 492–3 Baagandji, V nouns 165, 460 adverbs 181 phonology 550, 612, 628, 634–6, 644–5, nouns 134–5, 156 656–8 phonology 593, 645–8 pronouns 248, 259, 370, 398–400 pronouns 263, 268, 301–3, 349, 354, 375, verbs 197, 410, 422–3, 428, 435–6, 442, 446 391–5, 402, 516 Anmatjirra, WL1 634, 652 verbs 178, 238 Arabana-Wangkangurru, WAa3 56 Baardi, NE2 667 adverbs 181 nouns 471, 506 negation 84 phonology 629, 638, 643 nouns 135–6, 141, 153–4 pronouns 69–70, 312 719 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521473780 - Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development - R.
    [Show full text]
  • A Bibliography of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge in Northern Australia
    A Bibliography of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge in Northern Australia Prepared by Dr Gary Scott ARC Linkage Project - Indigenous Knowledge and Resource Management in Northern Australia School of Australian Indigenous Knowledge Systems Charles Darwin University June 2004 Note: For the purposes of constructing this bibliography the following search limits were set: Geographic extent: Northern Australia was broadly defined as including Torres Strait Islands, Cape York and Far North Queensland, the Gulf Country, the Top End (roughly comprising the jurisdiction of the Northern Land Council, the Tiwi Land Council and the Anindilyakwa Land Council) and the Kimberley region. A few references from the Pilbara region of Western Australia are also included along with one or two references from Central Australia as well as a number of refer- ences with nationwide geographic coverage. Subject extent: The general rule followed was that references needed to directly address the indigenous people / envi- ronment (country) relationship, particularly, but not exclusively, in the context of contemporary resource management practices. Searches were made under terms such as ‘indigenous fire management’, ‘traditional bush medicine’, Aboriginal environmental knowledge’, ‘Aboriginal resources’ and so on. Therefore anthropological studies that primarily described indigenous kinship relationships, even if they discussed them in relation to land ownership patterns, were generally ex- cluded. Otherwise, the final result would have been to make the bibliography top-heavy with references more relevant to land claim research than to indigenous ecological knowledge research. ID Author Title Source Year Item Type Description Keywords The AERC keeps an archive focussing on the cultures and environments of Indigenous peoples. Aboriginal Environments The AERC is creating a web-accessible database of relevant bibliographic references and related Research Centre: online images.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthur Capell Papers MS 4577 Finding Aid Prepared by J.E
    Arthur Capell papers MS 4577 Finding aid prepared by J.E. Churches, additional material added by C. Zdanowicz This finding aid was produced using the Archivists' Toolkit May 04, 2016 Describing Archives: A Content Standard Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Library March 2010 1 Lawson Crescent Acton Peninsula Acton Canberra, ACT, 2600 +61 2 6246 1111 [email protected] Arthur Capell papers MS 4577 Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................. 4 Biographical note ........................................................................................................................................... 6 Scope and Contents note ............................................................................................................................... 6 Arrangement note .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Administrative Information ......................................................................................................................... 8 Related Materials ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Controlled Access Headings ......................................................................................................................... 9 Physical Characteristics
    [Show full text]
  • Born Is Nothing: Roots, Family Trees and Other Attachments to Land in the Victoria River District and the Kimberleys
    ‘Born is nothing: Roots, family trees and other attachments to land in the Victoria River District and the Kimberleys Patrick McConvell1 Work is nothing. Born is nothing. That grandfather is roots just like grass - split up and go all over the place. If they claim the wrong place, they can kill them. N.Waterloo, 1992 2 In this quotation a respected lawman, living at Bulla, articulates a very common view among Aboriginal people in the Victoria River District, Northern Territory, about rights to land. Where you have worked or lived is irrelevant to these rights, he says. Where you were born is irrelevant. What is important is the inheritance of rights in land from the grandfather - a term which covers both father's father (kaku in Gurindji/Malngin/ Ngarinyman) and mother's father (jaiviji in Gurindji/Malngin/Ngarinyman). He uses a plant metaphor for this relationship, which in various forms is also very common cur­ rently in discussions of relationships between people and land in the Victoria River Dis­ trict ('VRD'), which will be analysed in detail below. The final sentence of the quotation underlines the grave penalties which traditional law can mete out to people who claim rights in any other way than through such inheritance. The context in which this statement was made was that of research being carried out for a land claim being made under the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 (Cwlth) ('Aboriginal Land Rights Act') for an area of land for which the speaker was himself a claimant. Later discussion also revealed that he had in mind also a con­ trast between this way of obtaining rights to land—which he thought was by and large 1 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Australian Anthropological Society Con­ ference, Adelaide, 27-29 September 1995, in the session: 'Aboriginal Places in the Late Twenti­ eth Century' convened by Jeremy Beckett and Francesca Merlan, while the author was at the Northern Territory University, Darwin.
    [Show full text]
  • National Indigenous Languages Survey Report 2005 National Indigenous Languages Survey Report 2005
    National Indigenous Languages Survey Report 2005 National Indigenous Languages Survey Report 2005 Report submitted to the Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies in association with the Federation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages Front cover photo: Yipirinya School Choir, Northern Territory. Photo by Faith Baisden Disclaimer The Commonwealth, its employees, officers and agents are not responsible for the activities of organisations and agencies listed in this report and do not accept any liability for the results of any action taken in reliance upon, or based on or in connection with this report. To the extent legally possible, the Commonwealth, its employees, officers and agents, disclaim all liability arising by reason of any breach of any duty in tort (including negligence and negligent misstatement) or as a result of any errors and omissions contained in this document. The views expressed in this report and organisations and agencies listed do not have the endorsement of the Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts (DCITA). ISBN 0 642753 229 © Commonwealth of Australia 2005 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the: Commonwealth Copyright Administration Attorney-General’s Department Robert Garran Offices National Circuit CANBERRA ACT 2600 Or visit http://www.ag.gov.au/cca This report was commissioned by the former Broadcasting, Languages and Arts and Culture Branch of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Services (ATSIS).
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Aboriginal Geomythology: Eyewitness Accounts of Cosmic Impacts?
    Preprint: Submitted to Archaeoastronomy – The Journal of Astronomy in Culture Australian Aboriginal Geomythology: Eyewitness Accounts of Cosmic Impacts? Duane W. Hamacher1 and Ray P. Norris2 Abstract Descriptions of cosmic impacts and meteorite falls are found throughout Australian Aboriginal oral traditions. In some cases, these texts describe the impact event in detail, suggesting that the events were witnessed, sometimes citing the location. We explore whether cosmic impacts and meteorite falls may have been witnessed by Aboriginal Australians and incorporated into their oral traditions. We discuss the complications and bias in recording and analysing oral texts but suggest that these texts may be used both to locate new impact structures or meteorites and model observed impact events. We find that, while detailed Aboriginal descriptions of cosmic impacts and meteorite falls are abundant in the literature, there is currently no physical evidence connecting any of these accounts to impact events currently known to Western science. Notice to Aboriginal Readers This paper gives the names of, or references to, Aboriginal people that have passed away throughout, and to information that may be considered sacred to some groups. It also contains information published in Nomads of the Australian Desert by Charles P. Mountford (1976). This book was banned from sale in the Northern Territory in 1976 as it contained sacred/secret knowledge of the Pitjantjatjara (see Brown 2004:33-35; Neate 1982). No information about the Pitjantjatjara from Mountford’s book is presented in this paper. 1 Department of Indigenous Studies, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia [email protected] | Office: (+61) 2 9850 8671 Duane Hamacher is a PhD candidate in the Department of Indigenous Studies at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Genetic Unit Speakers EI RI Alawa Gunwingguan > Maran 17-20 2 Alngith Pama-Nyungan > Paman 3 1 Amarag Amaragic 5
    Language Genetic Unit Speakers EI RI Alawa Gunwingguan > Maran 17-20 2 Alngith Pama-Nyungan > Paman 3 1 Amarag Amaragic 5 1 Ami Daly > Bringen-Wagaydy 30-35 1.5 Anindilyakwa Gunwingguan > Enindilyagwa 1000 4 Areba Pama-Nyungan > Paman > N 2 1 Atampaya Pama-Nyungan > Paman > N 4 1 Ayabadhu Pama-Nyungan > Paman > Middle 6 1 Bardi Nyulnyulan 20 2 Barrow Point Pama-Nyungan > Guugu Yimidhirr 1 1 Bunaba Bunaban 50-100 2 Burarra Gunwingguan > Burarran 400-600 4.5 Dayi Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 200 3.5 Dhangu Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 350 4 Dhuwal Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 500 4 Djambarrpuyngu Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 450 5 Djamindjung Djamindjungan 30 1 Djangun Pama-Nyungan > Yalandyic 1 1 Djauan Gunwingguan > Djauanic 100 3 Djawi Nyulnyulan 1 1 Djeebana Gunwingguan > Burarran 100 3 Djinang Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 250 4 Djinba Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 60-90 3.5 Djingili West Barkly 10 1 Dyaabugay Pama-Nyungan > Yidinic 3 1 Dyaberdyaber Nyulnyulan 3 1 Dyirbal Pama-Nyungan > Dyirbalic 40-50 2 Dyugun Nyulnyulan 2 1 Erre Giimbiyu 1 1 Flinders Island Pama-Nyungan > Paman > Flinders 3 1 Gadjerawang Djeragan 3 1 Gagadu Gunwingguan > Gagudjuan 6 1 Gambera Wororan 6 1 Ganggalida Pama-Nyungan > Tangic 5 1 Garawa Garawan 200 3.5 Garig-Ilgar Yiwaidjan 4 1 Gooniyandi Bunaban 100 3 Gurdjar Pama-Nyungan > Paman > N 30 2 Gudanji West Barkly 3 1 Gugadj Pama-Nyungan > Paman > Flinders 1 1 Gugu Badhun Pama-Nyungan > Maric 2 1 Gugubera Pama-Nyungan > Paman > Coastal 15 1 Guguyimidjir Pama-Nyungan > Guugu-Yimidhirr 20-30+2- 2 300/400 Gumatj Pama-Nyungan > Yuulngu 300 4 Gunwinggu
    [Show full text]
  • Our Backyard. Languages and Communities EM REGION LA NH NG Ccrokerroker Iislands AR U T Dhuwal AG Mminjilanginjilang S Eg
    OneTalk Technology OUR PRODUCTS SPEAK FOR THEMSELVES May 2016 IP Australia Patented products © OneTalk Technology How do you talk to someone who doesn’t understand your language? What good are written translations to someone who can’t read? Difficulties involved with communicating Through the need to reach Indigenous audiences and with traditional Indigenous and multilingual also to preserve language, Anya Lorimer created a unique company – OneTalk. We offer ways to reach Indigenous- audiences are well documented. Finding a speaking audiences with a controlled message, in language solution has proved to be time-consuming and in a medium that is engaging, flexible and accessible. and expensive – until now. The idea of communicating in language is not new, however we are taking traditional marketing tools, such as OneTalk Technology overcomes language posters and giving them a new dimension. and literacy boundaries by creating products that talk in any language. OneTalk “Wherever you are from... Whatever language you speak... finally breaks down the communication OneTalk can help you... they are the ones who can deliver barrier. Specialising in engaging with a message from the big city to you.” Jeremiah Baker – Indigenous audiences, OneTalk is Arnhem Land applicable to all applications where language and literacy are limited. Because Indigenous languages were traditionally only spoken it makes sense that audio is the key to the This technology does not rely on the communication gap. This is the first set of integrated tools audience having the skills to read the of its kind in Australia and only through experience and printed message because it talks to direct consultation with elders of Indigenous communities OneTalk was able to develop a better understanding of them in their own language at the language, cultural sensitivities and communication issues in press of a button.
    [Show full text]
  • 0=AFRICAN Geosector
    2= AUSTRALASIA geosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 175 25= CENDRAWASIH covers the "Cendrawasih" or "North Central New Guinea" Indonesia; Papua New Guinea 5 reference area, composed of sets not covered by any geozone phylozone or by the "Trans-New Guinea" hypothesis, within the wider reference area of the "Papuan" hypotheses; comprising 25 sets of languages (= 76 outer languages) spoken by communities in Australasia centered on Cendrawasih Bay & (Bird's Head) Peninsula, extending from the Halmahera Islands in the west to Central New Guinea in the east: 25-A TOBELO+ TERNATE 25-B MOI+KALABRA 25-C ABUN 25-D YACH+ BRAT 25-E MPUR 25-F BORAI+ HATAM 25-G MEAH+ MANTION 25-H AWERA+ SAPONI* 25-I YAWA+ TARAU 25-J TUNGGARE+ BAPU 25-K WAREMBORI 25-L PAUWI 25-M BURMESO 25-N MASSEP 25-O VANIMO+ WARAPU 25-P KWOMTARI+ FAS 25-Q BAIBAI+ NAI 25-R PYU 25-S YURI+ USARI 25-T YADE 25-U BUSA 25-V AMTO+ MUSAN 25-W AMA+ NIMO 25-X POROME+ KIBIRI 25-Y BIBASA* 25-A TOBELO+ TERNATE HALMAHERA-NORTH Latin script set 25-AA TOBELO+ SAHU chain 25-AAA TOBELO+ TUGUTIL net 25-AAA-a Tobelo Halmahera… Morotai islands; émigré > Raja Ampat islands Indonesia (Maluku); (Irian Jaya) 4 25-AAA-aa boëng Halmahera-N.… Morotai-N. islands; émigré > Raja Ampat islands Indonesia (Maluku); émigré> (Irian 4 Jaya) 25-AAA-ab heleworuru Halmahera-N. islands: Tobelo+ Wasile Indonesia (Maluku) 3 25-AAA-ac dodinga Halmahera-C. island: Pintatu Indonesia (Maluku) 3 25-AAA-b Tugutil+ Kusuri Halmahera-N.
    [Show full text]