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The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a New Look at Musical Instrument Classification
The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a new look at musical instrument classification by Roderic C. Knight, Professor of Ethnomusicology Oberlin College Conservatory of Music, © 2015, Rev. 2017 Introduction The year 2015 marks the beginning of the second century for Hornbostel-Sachs, the venerable classification system for musical instruments, created by Erich M. von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs as Systematik der Musikinstrumente in 1914. In addition to pursuing their own interest in the subject, the authors were answering a need for museum scientists and musicologists to accurately identify musical instruments that were being brought to museums from around the globe. As a guiding principle for their classification, they focused on the mechanism by which an instrument sets the air in motion. The idea was not new. The Indian sage Bharata, working nearly 2000 years earlier, in compiling the knowledge of his era on dance, drama and music in the treatise Natyashastra, (ca. 200 C.E.) grouped musical instruments into four great classes, or vadya, based on this very idea: sushira, instruments you blow into; tata, instruments with strings to set the air in motion; avanaddha, instruments with membranes (i.e. drums), and ghana, instruments, usually of metal, that you strike. (This itemization and Bharata’s further discussion of the instruments is in Chapter 28 of the Natyashastra, first translated into English in 1961 by Manomohan Ghosh (Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, v.2). The immediate predecessor of the Systematik was a catalog for a newly-acquired collection at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Brussels. The collection included a large number of instruments from India, and the curator, Victor-Charles Mahillon, familiar with the Indian four-part system, decided to apply it in preparing his catalog, published in 1880 (this is best documented by Nazir Jairazbhoy in Selected Reports in Ethnomusicology – see 1990 in the timeline below). -
Singapore Chinese Orchestra Instrumentation Chart
Singapore Chinese Orchestra Instrumentation Chart 王⾠威 编辑 Version 1 Compiled by WANG Chenwei 2021-04-29 26-Musician Orchestra for SCO Composer Workshop 2022 [email protected] Recommendedabbreviations ofinstrumentnamesareshown DadiinF DadiinG DadiinA QudiinBb QudiinC QudiinD QudiinEb QudiinE BangdiinF BangdiinG BangdiinA XiaodiinBb XiaodiinC XiaodiinD insquarebrackets ˙ ˙ ˙ #˙ ˙ ˙ #˙ ˙ ˙ 2Di ‹ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ #˙ [Di] ° & ˙ (Transverseflute) & ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ¢ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ b˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ s˙ounds 8va -DiplayerscandoubleontheXiaoinForG(samerangeasDadiinForG) -ThischartnotatesmiddleCasC4,oneoctavehigherasC5etc. #w -WhileearlycompositionsmightdesignateeachplayerasBangdi,QudiorDadi, -8va=octavehigher,8vb=octavelower,15ma=2octaveshigher 1Gaoyin-Sheng composersareactuallyfreetochangeDiduringthepiece. -PleaseusethetrebleclefforZhonghupartscores [GYSh] ° -Composerscouldwriteonestaffperplayer,e.g.Di1,Di2andspecifywhentousewhichtypeofDi; -Pleaseusethe8vbtrebleclefforZhongyin-Sheng, (Sopranomouthorgan) & ifthekeyofDiislefttotheplayers'discretion,specifyatleastwhetherthepitchshould Zhongyin-GuanandZhongruanpartscores w soundasnotatedor8va. w -Composerscanrequestforamembranelesssound(withoutdimo). 1Zhongyin-Sheng -WhiletheDadiandQudicanplayanother3semitonesabovethestatedrange, [ZYSh] theycanonlybeplayedforcefullyandthetimbreispoor. -ForeachkeyofDi,thesemitoneabovethelowestpitch(e.g.Eb4ontheDadiinG)sounds (Altomouthorgan) & w verymuffledduetothehalf-holefingeringandisunsuitableforloudplaying. 低⼋度发⾳ ‹ -Allinstrumentsdonotusetransposednotationotherthantranspositionsattheoctave. -
Chinese Video Tape (3)
Chinese Video Tape (3) 3-1 "Gusuxing" – Dizi (transverse flute) with ensemble. Song is based on melodies from music found in Jiangsu province. Note the lyrical quality that depicts a teahouse and garden. Ensemble also features the erhu (bowed lute), sheng (mouth organ), yangqin (hammered zither), zheng (plucked zither with movable bridges), and pipa (plucked lute). 3-2 "Shimian maifu" - Pipa solo (Lute) – famous solo piece that depicts an ancient battle. Performance techniques include tremolo (plucking the strings quickly with alternating fingers), stopping the string with the fingernails, and striking the body of the instrument to depict the sounds of war. 3-3 "Erquan yingyue" - Erhu with yangqin (zither). Erhu was originally used only for accompanying the voice or in ensemble settings but since the 1900s become a solo instrument as well. 3-4 "Yuzhuo changwan" – Zheng (zither) solo – song depicting a fisherman singing in the evening. Note use of pitch bending by pressing the strings (called an) and vibrato (called rou). 3-5 "Chunjiang huayeuye" - ten part instrumental ensemble suite. Depicts the mood of a river flowing on a spring night. Other instruments include a dongxiao (end-blown flute), erhu, sheng, yangqin, zheng, and pipa. The lead instruments are the dongxiao and the pipa. 3-6 "Paixiongwu" – excerpt from theatre work, depicts men walking down the street beating their chests. Originally a folk dance, it eventually made its way into the theatre. Accompanied here by a paiban (clapper), erxian (fiddle), dongxiao (flute), sanxian (lute), pipa, xiangzhan (small gong), nangu (drum), and gujiao (small gong). Dancers use a sibao ( clappers ), ruan (large, plucked lute), yugu ( drum ), and erxian (fiddle). -
Tibetan Bodhisattvas
BULK RATE U.S. POSTAGE PAID ITHACA, NY 14851 Permit No. 746 Address correction requested SNOW LION ORDER FROM OUR TOLL FREE NUMBER NEWSLETTER & CATALOG 1-800-950-0313 FALL 1993 SNOW LION PUBLICATIONS PO BOX 6483, ITHACA, NY 14851, (607)-273-8506 ISSN 1059-3691 VOLUME 8, NUMBER 4 experience good health, prosperi- THE TASHI GOMANG ty or the enrichment of spiritual NEW HEAD OF qualities, so it creates difficulty in their lives. Building a stupa des- STUPA troys and pacifies such negative NYINGMA TRADITION by Mark Elliott energies and enriches the qualities for all inhabitants." Further, the In 1980 His Holiness the XVI proper container for these remains stupa will act as a source of bless- Gyalwa Karmapa came to the Baca is therefore a stupa, which will en- ings and place of pilgrimage to Grande, a large estate in the remote shrine the aspirations, blessings people of all faiths, will give peo- San Luis Valley of southern and form of the teacher. The Tashi ple a way to remember and reflect Colorado, at the invitation of Gomang Stupa will contain relics on the qualities of the XVI Kar- Maurice and Hanne Strong. Dur- of Sakyamuni Buddha, of His mapa and allow people who vener- ing his visit His Holiness had a vi- Holiness the XVI Gyalwa Karma- ate it to join their minds with the sion that this would be a place pa, and of many highly realized mind of the Buddhas and Bodhi- where the rich legacy of Tibetan Bodhisattvas. In addition one hun- sattvas. Buddhism could be transplanted, dred thousand tsa-tsas, or minia- At first the task of building such preserved and passed on to future ture stupas, are being made by a stupa seemed to us rather in- generations. -
RET 30 Cover +
Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines numéro trente — Octobre 2014 Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines numéro trente — Octobre 2014 ISSN 1768-2959 Directeur : Jean-Luc Achard. Comité de rédaction : Anne Chayet, Alice Travers, Jean-Luc Achard. Comité de lecture : Ester Bianchi (Università degli Studi di Perugia), Anne Chayet (CNRS), Fabienne Jagou (EFEO), Rob Mayer (Oriental Institute, University of Oxford), Fernand Meyer (CNRS-EPHE), Françoise Pommaret (CNRS), Ramon Prats (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona), Charles Ramble (EPHE, CNRS), Françoise Robin (INALCO), Brigitte Steinman (Université de Lille), Alice Travers (CNRS), Jean-Luc Achard (CNRS). Périodicité La périodicité de la Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines est généralement bi-annuelle, les mois de parution étant, sauf indication contraire, Octobre et Avril. Les contributions doivent parvenir au moins six (6) mois à l’avance. Les dates de proposition d’articles au comité de lecture sont Novembre pour une parution en Avril, et Mai pour une parution en Octobre. Participation La participation est ouverte aux membres statutaires des équipes CNRS, à leurs membres associés, aux doctorants et aux chercheurs non-affiliés. Les articles et autres contributions sont proposées aux membres du comité de lecture et sont soumis à l’approbation des membres du comité de rédaction. Les articles et autres contributions doivent être inédits ou leur ré- édition doit être justifiée et soumise à l’approbation des membres du comité de lecture. Les documents doivent parvenir sous la forme de fichiers Word, envoyés à l’adresse du directeur ([email protected]). Comptes-rendus Les livres proposés pour compte-rendu doivent être envoyés à la Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines, 22, avenue du Président Wilson, 75016 Paris. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 171 International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2017) Discussion on Western Region Music in Northern Zhou Dynasty Xing Tang School of Literature Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou, China Abstract—The Northern Zhou Dynasty (including Western Western and Eastern Han Dynasty, which include folk witch Wei Dynasty), as a dynasty that serve as a link between past and music dance, welcome God music, send God music, Xiangge future, should have its place in the cultural history. In the and other songs; Later music is the Western music after the Northern Zhou Dynasty, various cultures in Western Regions Han Dynasty and before Western Wei Dynasty, which include were closely interwoven. As one of the important representatives, game music, ritual music, custom music and so on; Current the music presented a wide range of sources with a large number music is the Western music in Northern Zhou Dynasty, due to of complicated compositions. These Western music has unique the large number of countries in the Western Regions and the style but also coexistence which has very close relationship with constant attacking and frequent destruction of the Western Northern Zhou’s music, so it has great influence to the music of Northern Zhou Dynasty and even the music of future Regions, so current music in fact refers to the remnants and integration of the music of different countries in different generations. historical periods in the Western Regions, which include Keywords—Northern Zhou Dynasty; Western Regions; music Shengming music, Tuozhi music and so on. -
Shih-Hui Chen (B
CMYK 80807-2 SHIH -HUI CHEN (b. 1962) SILVERGRAss & OTHER ORCHESTRAL WO RK S 1. Fantasia on the Theme of Guanglingsan (2014) 11:31 SHIH -HUI CHEN for Zheng and Chinese Orchestra ■ 廣陵散的迴響 SILVERGRASS Hsin-Fang Hsu, soloist; Little Giant Chinese Orchestra; Chih-Sheng Chen, conductor & OTHER ORCHESTRAL WORKS 2. A Plea to Lady Chang’e for Nanguan Pipa and Chamber Orchestra (2014) 9:09 推枕著衣— 南管新唱 Mei-Hui Wei, soloist; Loop 38; Jerry Hou, conductor Fantasia on the Theme of Plum Blossoms for String Orchestra (2011) 18:20 梅花操的迴響 3. I. Fantasia 暗香疏影 7:53 4. II. Ten Thousand Blooms 萬花競放 4:30 5. III. Plum Blossoms 釀雪爭春 5:56 National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra, Yao-Yu Wu, conductor 6. Concerto for Pipa and Chamber Orchestra (2002) 12:50 琵琶協奏曲 Wu Man, soloist; National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra; Yao-Yu Wu, conductor Silvergrass, for Cello and Chamber Orchestra (2016) 12:20 菅芒花大提琴協奏曲 7. I. Silvergrass 菅芒花 3:08 8. II. My Vegetarian and Sutra-chanting Grandmother 吃齋唸佛的老奶奶 3:34 9. III. Turtle Island 龜山島 2:07 10. IV. Guojun Is Not Coming Home to Dinner 國峻不回來吃飯 3:31 Wen-Sinn Yang, soloist; National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra; Yao-Yu Wu, conductor TT:64:42 New World Records, 20 Jay Street, Suite 1001, Brooklyn, NY 11201 Tel (212) 290-1680 Fax (646) 224-9638 [email protected] www.newworldrecords.org This compilation & © 2020 Anthology of Recorded Music, Inc.All rights reserved. Made in U.S.A. ntercultural composition is no longer a novelty. It has become a between her earlier modernist sensibility, with its rigorous control of familiar, even commonplace, phenomenon. -
Identifying a Tribe of Sub-Himalaya : a Socio-Cultural Aspects Oftamang
Karatoya: NBU J. Hist. Vol. 5 :41-58 (2012) ISSN: 2229-4880 Identifying a Tribe of Sub-Himalaya : A Socio-Cultural Aspects ofTamang SudashLama The society is the repository of human behavior through the ages. It reflects the ideology and various cultural dimensions of mankind. The society is also a representative of civilization and, social structure is the indicator of organized human behavior. The folk songs of the Tamang tribe start with "Amailey Hoi Amaily "1, which praised the Motherhood, and indicate that ancient Tamang society was matriarchal (Tamang: BS 2051 ). Even today the position of the women in the social activities is equivalent of men and sometime the decision of women is more influential than men. The unification of Nepal by the great king Prithivinarayan Shah2 brought the idea ofHinduization. This process led to passing of the Act of 1854, which categorized the Tamang community as 'Bhote '3 and set into the lowest category of panichal Jaat4 or Shudras of Hindu caste hierarchy. The formation of social order that took form in Nepal followed patterns presaged in the greater social history of South Asia. As Dumont recounts, those who became Shudras in Indic varna ideology were originally conceived of as servants (Holmberg: 1996:26). The inclusion of the Tamang in the Hindu caste hierarchy especially in Nepal, also reflect the significant state ideology to bring this beef eater into the order of the Hindu cultural domain. But such inclusion by the state, with the identification as carrion-beef eater gave boost to the development of Tamang's 1. See Amailey Hoi Amailey, Amailey Hoi Amaily, Rapsi chiwa Chu Damphu, Khalse Shemba Bilawa, means "Praising the Mother, and admiring the Mother, saying that the instrument that I am beating, who is the its maker" Santabir Lama Pakhrin 's Tamba Kaiten Whai Rimthim (Sam vat 2064 ), Ratna Pustak Bhandar, Kathmandu, Nepal,(p 08) 2. -
Nanyin Musical Culture in Southern Fujian, China : Adaptation and Continuity
Lim, Sau-Ping Cloris (2014) Nanyin musical culture in southern Fujian, China : adaptation and continuity. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/id/eprint/20292 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this PhD Thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This PhD Thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this PhD Thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the PhD Thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full PhD Thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD PhD Thesis, pagination. NANYIN MUSICAL CULTURE IN SOUTHERN FUJIAN, CHINA: ADAPTATION AND CONTINUITY Sau-Ping Cloris Lim Volume 1: Main Text Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2014 Department of Music School of Oriental and African Studies University of London 1 DEDICATION Dedicated to the Heavenly Father DECLARATION 2 3 ABSTRACT This thesis is a study of the musical genre nanyin, one of the oldest and most prestigious living folk traditions preserved in southern Fujian (Minnan), China. As an emblem of Minnan ethnic identity, nanyin is still actively practised in the Southeast Asian Fujianese diaspora as well. Based on ethnographic investigations in Jinjiang County, this research explores multifaceted nanyin activities in the society at large. -
3-50 Page.Indd
MAY 2011 / Rs. 100 www.ecs.com.np ISSN 1729-2751 Art sincethetimeofArniko / Mud, sweat and madness on the mountain / There’s something about Kiwi /Mud,sweatandmadnessonthemountainThere’ssomethingaboutKiwi Art since the time of ww.ecs.com.np MAY 2011 www.ecs.com.np ARNIKO ARNIKOThe history of Nepali art is one that has seen times, both good and bad. However, its essence has remained preserved by dedicated masters. SUBSCRIBER COPY 117 AN EVENING WITH MUSIC MUSEUM OF NEPAL TRIALS AND TRAVAILS 64 KIRAN MANANDHAR 74 A group of music enthusiasts have 10 4 ON THE TRAIL The prolific artist goes candid ensured that Nepali history is documented Reaching Everest Base Camp without a guide about artists and art in Nepal. through musical instruments. and porter provides an altogether different high. Subscribe to Healthy Life For 1 Year (12( Issues) @ Rs. 600 & Pleasure Your Senses with Rs. 1000 worth of Spa Treatment at Chaitanya Spa, Bakhundole, Sanepa To subscribe sms HL at 9851047233 Choose any one of the following six packages Refl exology (Foot massage) & Head & Shoulder Massage Manicure & Steam Spa (Steam, Sauna, Jacuzzi Area Vertebral Message with Doctor Dry Massage-Shiatsu (60min) Sauna (60 min) with Sauna (60 min) Manicure is a spa beauty treatment Usage) (60 min) Consultati on (60 min) Shiatsu is a traditi onal Japanese Refl exology is a method of applying Head and shoulder massage for the fi ngernails and hands which These are forms of hydro- Applying deep pressure of the healing method which works on pressure to the feet and hand with includes massage of head and improves and increases the blood therapy. -
Tibetan Buddhist Essentials: Volume One / Venerable Tenzin Tharpa
---- Tibetan Buddhist Essentials: Volume One / Venerable Tenzin Tharpa Tibetan Buddhist Essentials A Study Guide for the 21st Century Venerable Tenzin Tharpa Volume One: Introduction, Origin, and Adaptation Volume 1: Introduction, Origin, and Adaptation Volume 2: The Buddha's Teachings Volume 3: Engaging Buddhism These texts and other material are available for free download at: TenzinTharpa.com --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright Author: Venerable Tenzin Tharpa Editors: Nalini Ramesh and Halley Haruta Sera Jey Monastic University, Bylakuppe, India 1st Edition - 2018 Copyright © 2018 Venerable Tenzin Tharpa Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) CreativeCommons.org This material is free to all. It may be shared, copied, downloaded, and redistributed in any medium or format, including parts, sections, images, or graphics–although credit to the au- thor(s) must be given. Schools, dharma centers, and teachers are encouraged to share, copy, and upload this material freely to students and to include it as part of their study curriculum. This material may not be altered or built upon without formal permission from its author(s). This material may not be used for commercial purposes, including distributing or selling for profit. The copyright of this material may not be modified or additional restrictions added. [i] Tibetan Buddhist Essentials: Volume One / Venerable Tenzin Tharpa About the Author Venerable Tenzin Tharpa A fully ordained American Buddhist monk in the Tibet- an Gelug Tradition, Venerable Tharpa is a teacher, au- thor, and philosopher with over two decades in Tibet- an Buddhist studies, half of which he has spent in Ti- betan Buddhist monasteries in India. Venerable Tharpa took full monastic ordination with His Holiness the Dalai Lama in Dharamsala India. -
(EN) SYNONYMS, ALTERNATIVE TR Percussion Bells Abanangbweli
FAMILY (EN) GROUP (EN) KEYWORD (EN) SYNONYMS, ALTERNATIVE TR Percussion Bells Abanangbweli Wind Accordions Accordion Strings Zithers Accord‐zither Percussion Drums Adufe Strings Musical bows Adungu Strings Zithers Aeolian harp Keyboard Organs Aeolian organ Wind Others Aerophone Percussion Bells Agogo Ogebe ; Ugebe Percussion Drums Agual Agwal Wind Trumpets Agwara Wind Oboes Alboka Albogon ; Albogue Wind Oboes Algaita Wind Flutes Algoja Algoza Wind Trumpets Alphorn Alpenhorn Wind Saxhorns Althorn Wind Saxhorns Alto bugle Wind Clarinets Alto clarinet Wind Oboes Alto crumhorn Wind Bassoons Alto dulcian Wind Bassoons Alto fagotto Wind Flugelhorns Alto flugelhorn Tenor horn Wind Flutes Alto flute Wind Saxhorns Alto horn Wind Bugles Alto keyed bugle Wind Ophicleides Alto ophicleide Wind Oboes Alto rothophone Wind Saxhorns Alto saxhorn Wind Saxophones Alto saxophone Wind Tubas Alto saxotromba Wind Oboes Alto shawm Wind Trombones Alto trombone Wind Trumpets Amakondere Percussion Bells Ambassa Wind Flutes Anata Tarca ; Tarka ; Taruma ; Turum Strings Lutes Angel lute Angelica Percussion Rattles Angklung Mechanical Mechanical Antiphonel Wind Saxhorns Antoniophone Percussion Metallophones / Steeldrums Anvil Percussion Rattles Anzona Percussion Bells Aporo Strings Zithers Appalchian dulcimer Strings Citterns Arch harp‐lute Strings Harps Arched harp Strings Citterns Archcittern Strings Lutes Archlute Strings Harps Ardin Wind Clarinets Arghul Argul ; Arghoul Strings Zithers Armandine Strings Zithers Arpanetta Strings Violoncellos Arpeggione Keyboard