REVISION OF THE JAPANESE GALL WASPS WITH THE DESCRIPTIONS OE NEW GENUS, SUBGEUS, SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES (II)
Cynipidae (Cynipinae) Hymenoptera
Kota MONZEN
邦産フシバチの再検討（2）
門前弘多
Biorhiza nawai Ashm. (PLI,fig.4)
1902 Andricus terminalis F., Sasaki; Nippon-Jumoku-Gaichuhen. 1904 Dryophanta nawai Ashm., Ashmead; J.N.York Fnt. Soc. v. 12, p. 80., Nawa; Kouchu-sekai, v.10, no. 1, (1906), Mukaigawa; Konchu-sekai; v.17, (1913). 1910 Diplolepis nawai Ashm., Dalla Torre und Kieffer; Cynipidae. s.355, Monzen; Saito-Hoonkai, Jigyo, uenpo, v. 5. (1929), Fhinji; Chuei to Chuei-konchu, p. 399-400 f 1934Y 1931 Biorrhiza nawai Ashm. Monzen; Oyo-Dobntsugaku-Zasshi, v.3. n.3. Sexual form, Female Head: Vertex black. Face dark brown, without radiative furrows. Cheeks black, extending not out of the eyes. Antennae 14 segments, dark brown with yellowish basal few segments, subcylindrical, thick, the relative length and (width) are as follows : i n i iv v vi vn vi e x xi xn xi xiv %-20(10)12 22(8) 20 17 17(10) 17 16(12) 16 15(12) 12 14(12> 13 21(ll) Thorax: Mesonotum black and shining, parapsidal grooves (p.g.) percurrent, converging toward the posterior. Mesopleurae black and shining. Scutellum black, rugose, with 2 foveae. Wings semitransparent, pubescent, radial cell long, open. Areolet small. Legs honey yellow, tibiae and tarsi hairy, claws simple. Abdomen: Median segment short, dark brown. 2nd tergite covering about a half of the abdomen, dark brown and shining, without hair, rather compressed. Ventral spine short with a few hairs. Ovipositor sheath short, rather thick. Male The differing points from the female are as follows : Antennae 15 segments, thick, 3rd segment.thicker toward the apex and curved. Genitalia yellowish brown, long, the apical part thin and curved. Body length: -$- 2.5mm. •E£ 3.0mm. Gall : (Nara-ringo -fushi) 24 #15m? >så -x*0nmmfacfmu)
Bud gall, Large, globose, about 2cm. in diameter, succulent, polythalanius,: inseparable, green in color, with reddish tinge on sunny side, turns yellowish in Summer. It produces on the top of the twig of Quercus glandulifera and sometimes on Q. dentata. The wasps emerge in June of that year. Remarks : This species rather similar to the sexual forms and their gall of Biorrhiza pallida in Europe. But the female has always normal wings. Though I have found some pea-like galls on the root of Quercus glandulifera, not yet get its agamic form wasp. Locality: Iwate, Aomori, Okayama. Type: The Biological laboratory of the Iwate University.
Cynips pseudoflos n. sp, (PI. I, fig.5,6;PI.fl, fig.1) Agamic form Head : Vertex, face and cheeks yellowish brown, punctate with short hairs. Mouth parts fuscous. Eyes black, cheeks extending out of these. Head and thorax nearly the same width. Antennae 14 segments, black brown, 3rd and 4th rather yellowish, filiform, 1st long and distally thicker, 2nd nearly spherical, 3rd the longest, about 1.3 times as long as 4th, the rest successively shorter, 12th and 13th longer than each those diameter, 14th long, sometimes divided two by a suture. Thorax: Pronotum narrow in middle. Mesonotum yellowish brown, punctate with silky hairs. P.g. percurrent, converging posteriorly, between those with black parallel lines on the anterior half and the similar line each on the outersides of the posterior half. Scutellum brown, with a transverse black furrow at the front margin, the disc punctate with dense hairs, and two foveae, black, covering no hair. Mesoplenrae large, dark brown, with dense silky hairs, between pro-and mesopleurae with black shallow line. Wings semitransparent, pubescent, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 1st abscissa of the radials outerly angulated. Areolet small, indistinct. Legs yellowish brown, with short hairs, coxae, femora amd tarsi of the middle and hind legs fuscous. Claws toothed. Abdomen : Madian segment black, with longitudinal striae, 2nd tergite nearly reaches to a half of the abdomen, with scattered hairs latero-basally, the rest successively shorter, 7th with sparse hairs, rather compressed laterally, reddish. Ventral spine reddish brown, long, pointed, with rather long hairs on the underside and apex. Ovipositor sheath black and shining, a little protrudes upon the tergite. Length (mm.) : Body 4.0-5.0 Antenna 2.5 Wing 6.0. Gall (Kashiwa-nisehana -fushi= Kashiv a -hana -fushi) Gall is the flower like deformation on the top of the twig or sometimes the midrib of the leaf of Quercus dentata Thunb. Many narrow long leaflets grow around a small larval chamber in the bottom. Such deformations in general grow together side by side on the tops of the twigs. The larval chamber oblong, length 6mm., width 3mm., side wall thin, smooth, yellowish. The leaflet length 40 60mm., width 15mm. Those galls begin to produce late in May, green in color and turn to yellowish brown in October. The wasp emerges in April or May from over-wintered gall. £.0 &^.±¥¥^1$m%.%-mM6 m C1954) %,2*$
Locality: Iwate, Aomori, Akita. Type : The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University. cynips mukaigawae Mukaigawa (PI.I, fig. 7; PLfl fig.2) 1913 Dryophanta mukaigawae Mukaigawa, Kouchu Sekai, v. 17, n. 7. 1931 D. mnkaigawae Mats., 6000 Illust. Ins. Japan, p,76. 1931 Andricus japonicus Ashm., Monzen ; Oyo-Dobutsu. Zasshi, v.3, n.3. 1934 Diplolepis japonica Ashm., Shinji ; Chuei to Chuei-Konchu, p. 396. 1948 Cynips mukaigawae Mukaigawa, Uchida, Sakagami et Mimura ; Matsumushi, Agamic form v- "•E n-* Head: Vertex, face and cheeks yellowish brown, with rather long hairs, the around of mouth parts dark brown. Eyes black, cheeks extending out of the eyes. Palpi 4 segments, 1st-3rd yellowish, 4th dark brown, relative length 4, 6, 6, 16. Antennae 14 segments, Jst-3rd brownish, 3rd and 4th yellowish apically, the rest dark brown, filiform, 3rd Thorax: longest, Pronotumabout 1.5 narrowtimes as in long the asmiddle. 4th, 14th Mesonotum long, sometimes dark reddish it is dividedbrown, betweentwo by a thesuture. parallel lines yellowish. P.g. percurrent, between those, black parallel lines anteriorly and on outside each a black line posteriorly, Mesopleurae yellowish brown, wrinkled, with silky hairs, the sutures between pro and metapleurae black. Scutellum with a straight transverse furrow on the front, the disk rouud, convex, with silky hairs and 2 foveae at the base, black, covering no hair. Metathorax dark with yellowish patch and dense silky hairs. Wings rather clouded, pubescent, veins dark brown, 1st abscissa of the radials Abdomen: Median seg. brown, very short. Tergites dark brown, smooth, compressed, angulate. Legs yellowish brown, 5th tarsi dark brown, claws toothed. 2nd tergite covering one-third to two-third of the abdomen with scattered hairs latero basally, 7th with sparse hairs. Ventral spine rather long, yellowish, with long hairs at the underside and apex. Ovipositor sheath dark brown, reaches to the tergite. Length (mm.) : Boody 4.0-4.5 Antenna 2.3-2.5 Wing 5.0-6.0. Gall (Nara-igafushi) Bud gall, large, nearly spherical, green in color, turns brownish in Autumn, diameter 20-30mm, the outer surface is densely covered with the numerous long, flat, thin scales; length about 15mm., width 3.5mm. In the innerside of the base of the gall, there is a woody conical stick measuring hight 6mm., diameter 3.5mm., upon it is an oblong, hard, thin -walled larval chamber, monothalamus, separable. Gall begins to produce in May on the leaf axile of the low shoot of Qusrcus glandulifera. It is in general found solitarily near earth, and sometimes collected on Q. dantata. The wasp emerged in December. Locality : Iwate, Fukui, Tottori, Wakayama, Kumamoto. Type. The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University. Remarks: This species wa3 at first describad by Mukaigawa as the typa of the wasp has emerged from a large round monothalamus gall of Quereus glandulifera nc. mm?**•Eå ?vn&n(2>cp»)
(Nara-igafushi) in 1913. The writer having observed the type specimen of ASHMEAD in the National Museum, Washington, credited Andricus japonicus Ashmead for the wasp of "Nara-igafushi''. Put his species is very dark in color and the description too short to identify. Uchida, Sakagami and Mimura having investigated on the wasp got from the leafy gall of Quercus mongolica, named it Cynips mukaigawae MukaIGAWA. The above mentioned species which I have got from "Nara-igafushi", differs from their one on the morphological and biological characters. Trichagalma serratae Ashm. (PI.I,fig. 8; pi.J, fig.3) 1904 Dryophanta serratae Ashmead, J.N.York, Ent. soc., Vol. JJ, No. 2., Matsumura; Zokn-Nippon-Fenchu-Zukai, IV. (.1912), Mukaigawa ; Dobutsugaku Zasshi, Vol. X X XIY. No. 401, (1922). 1907 Trichagalma drouardi Mayr. Zwei Cynipiden, Marcellia, Vol. ^[, Daixa Torre und Kieffer ; Gynipidae, s.452, (1910), Houard; Les Zoocecidies des Plantes d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Oceanie, T. T. (1922). 1910 Diplolepis serratae Ashm., Palla Torre und Kieffer; Cynipidae, s.370, (1910), Houard: l es Zoocecidies des Plantes d'Afrique, d'Aasie et d'Oceanie, T.I. (1922). 1929 Trichagalma serratae.Ashm., Monzen; Oyo-dobutsugaku Zasshi, Vol.111,No.3., Yano; Nippon Konchu Zukan, p,341, (1931), Shinji: Chuei to Chuei-Konchu, p. 401, (1934). Eemale. Head: Head narrower than thorax. Vertex, face yellowish brown, cheeks yellow, hairy, extending out of the eyes. Palpi 4 seg. Antennae 15 seg. black, filiform. Thorax: Mesonotum reddish \'ellow, with rather dense hairs. P.g. percurrent, black parallel lines anteriorly, each black lateral line posteriorly, Mesopleurae yellowish brown, with long hairs. Scutellum round, convex, brownish, with 2 foveae and long hairs. Wings pubescent, veins dark brown, cubital and discoidal cell with each 4 or 5 brownish patches which are variable in shape and size, areolet large, distinct. Legs brownish or darkish, Abdomen claws simple. : dark brown, compressed, each tergite about equal length. Ventral spine short. Ovipositor sheath brownish, thick, not reaching to the tergite. Length (mm.) : Body 4.0-5.0 Antenna 3.0-3.3 Wing 6.0-6.5. Gall (Kunugi igafushi, Monzen: Chuei no Kenkyu, 1929) Cortex gall, yellowish brown, spherical, covering with many pubescent stiff hairs. Gall-wall hard, rather thick, diameter about 10mm., larval chamber small, round, is attache^ at the bottom of the inner room. Monothalamus, separable, often gregarious. W&SP emerges in December of that year.
Neuroterus gemma n. sp.(PI. fl,fig.4) Agamic form. Fead : Vertex, face rugose, with short hairs, cheeks smooth, extending out of the eyes, black and shining. Antennae 14 segments, 1st thick, dark brown, the rest seg. yellowish brown, 2nd spherical, 3rd longest, about 1.5 times as long as 4th, the
27 ^-k^m^MM^m3S
Neuroterus nawai Ashm. 1904 Neuroterus nawai Ashmead, J.N.York Ent. Soc. v.12, p.79; Dalla Torre und Kieffer; Cynipidae, s.328, (1910), Shinji, Chuei to Chuei-Konchu, pp. 415-417, (1944). Dr. Shinji redescribed Neuroterus nawai Ashm. as the type of the wasp has emerged from Nara uroko-tamafushi. His species is a sexual form. I am not yet get the gall wasp excepting many inquilines. Gall: Bud gall, green, ovoid, 10-15mm.x6-10mm., on the top of the twig of Quercus glandulifera, monothalamus, inseparable. Tts outer cover is formed by numerous flat, broad scales. The larval chamber small, oblong, yellowish, is situated on the bottom of the innerside of scaly gall. It resembles to the European Quercus gall of Andricus foecundatrix Hartig. (Nara-midori-urokofushi, Monzen; Chuei no kenkyu, 111, pi. 8, fig. 45, 1932.) 28 7 * *?v>ftfam@)cpwio
Neuroterus hakonensis Ashm. (Pl.l, fig. 9) Neuroterus hakonensis Ashmead;.O.York Ent. Soc. v.12. Agamic form Head; Vertex, face and month parts black and shining, vertex nearly glabrous, face with dense hairs. Antennae 13 seg. 1st. and 2nd thick, 3rd thin, the rest successively thicker, yellowish, the apical parts brownish. The relative length and (width) are as follows; i i i i v v vi vn vi ix x xi xn x n -9- 8(4) 8 8(2) 6 6 6(2.5)7 7(3) 7(3) 7(4.5)7 6(5) 13 2nd and 3rd about the equal length and 4th-6th each shorter than 7th-llth. The both are
Thorax: an unusual Mesonotum characters. black and shining, sparsely haired, p.g. lacking. Wings hyaline, veins normal, pale yellow, radial cell open, areolet indistinct. Scutellum black, round, with hairs, no foveae. Legs yellowish, coxae brownish, claws simple. Abdomen : Median seg. black, with longitudinal striae, abdomen ovoid, reddish brown, without hair, 2nd tergite covering three-fourth, the others narrow. Ventral spine short, with short hairs. Lateral valves yellowish. Ovipositor sheath reddish brown, with hairs, a straight ovipositor comes out from its top. Locality: Iwate, Fukushima. Type : The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University. Gall (Kunugi-uramiyaku-Kotamafushi, Monzen, Chuei no Kenkyu,fig. 60,1929.) Leaf gall, small, oblong, yellowish, smooth, wall thin, hard, length 2mm. monothalamus, separable, It attaches along the midrib of the underside of the leaf of Quercus acutissima Wasp emerged in July from over wintered gall. Remarks: It is the specific character of this species having 2nd and 3rd antennal seg. of the equal length. Shinji' s Andricus kunugifoliae (Chuei to Chuei-Konchii, pp. 409 -10) which emerged from the gall being similar to the above mentioned one, differs in this point and other characters from this species. Neuroterus vonkuenburgi Dettmer(PL I,fig.ll, pi.II. fig- 19) 1934 Neuroterus vonkuenburgi, Dettmer; Broteria, v.3, Fasc.3. Head: Vertex dark brown, face yellowish brown, rugose, cheeks extending out of the eyes. Anntennae 14 seg. 1st and 2nd yellowish brown, the rest black brown, 1st thick, oblong, 2nd subspherical, 3rd longest, 1.3 times as long as 4th, the following seg. successively shorter and thicker. Thorax: Mesonotum black and shining, convex, p. g. percurrent and converging toward the distal ends. Mesopleurae black, smooth, hairless. Scutellum round, covering with sparse hairs, with an arcuate transverse furrow at the frontal margin, no foveae. Wings hyaline, veins yellowish brown, radial cell rather long, open, areolet large, distinct, Legs, coxae, trochanters, femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish, claws simple. Abdmen: Black brown, laterally compressed, 2nd tergite smooth and shining, with scattered hairs latero-basally, 3rd broad, 4th-6th successively narrower, ovipositor sheath
.2Q %^*&m%&m(%.¥m«m# 0954) jmss thick, brownish. Ovipositor yellowish, strongly curved at the apex, comes out from the top of the sheath. Length(mm.): Body 2.5-2.9. Antenna 1.5-1.7. Wing 3.5-4.0. Gall (Kunugi haura- ketamafushi; Monzen, Chuei no Kenkyu, p.349.(1929). leaf gall, yellowish or reddish brown, subspherical, thiimer toward the apex and somewhat dilated at the top, densely pubescent, diameter 4-6mm. , gall wall thick, monothalamus, larval chamber 1.5mm. in diameter, separable. It attaches gregariously on the underside of the leaf of Quercus acutissima. The wasp emerged in April from the
Locality: over wintered Iwste, gall. Fukushima, Chiba. N. v. wakayamensis, (Xew geographical race) The wasps emerged from the galls which were collected in Wakayama, by. Mr. Kashiyama, somewhat differ in the following points from the above mentioned species at morioka. Antennae 15 seg., 14th and 15th are divided by a suture. Mesopleurae black, with white short hairs. Abdomen yellowish brown at the basal half. Remarks : Shinji credited Ashmead's Challirhites hakonensis for the w;asp emerged from the gall named "Kunugi-Usufushi" being similar to the gall of iV. vonkuenburgi. But this species differs from C. hakonensis AsHM. (Fhinji, Chuei to Chuei-konchu, pp. 427-8.) Locality: w akayama Prefecture. Type: The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University. Nefuroterus foIimargo n.sp. (PI. 1,fig.10; pi. fl, fig. 18) Agamic form Head: Vertex dark brown, smooth, mouth parts yellowish, cheeks extending out of the eyes. Palpi 4 seg. pale, labial palpi 2seg. Antennae 14 seg. 1st vase shape, 2nd subspherical, 3rd longest and slender, the rest successively shorter, and thicker, 13th and 14th divided by a sture, 14th conical, dark brown. The relative length and (width) are as follows; i niivviwviixxamxixiv
-9- 8 4 15(3)ll ll(4)ll 10(5)10 10(6)8 8(6) 7 7(6) 12 Thorax: Pronotum narrow in the middle. Mesonotum black and shining, p.g. distinct, at the distal halves, median line lacking. £cutellum with an arcuate, rather deep, transverse furrow. The disc round, convex, black and shining with sparse hairs, no foveae. Wing pubescent, veins yellowish brown, radial cell open, long, areolet distinct, large. Legs Abdomen: Black and shining, 2nd tergite small, 3rd-7th successively shorter. Ventral yellowish, coxae, trochanters, femora and tarsi more or less brownish, claws simple. spine long, with rather long hairs. lateral valves brown, large. Ovipositor sheath black, thick. Ovipositor yellow, a little curved at the apex. Length (mm.): Body 2,7 Antenna 1.2 Wing 2.6. Gall (kunugi-haberi-kotamafushi) Leaf gall, small, brownish gray, pubescent, subspherical, diameter 2-3mm. monothal 30 nM y >y;
Neuroterus orbis n.s. (PI.J,fig.6,8) Sexual form, female Head: Vertex, face, mouth parts black, rugose, cheeks smooth, a little extending out of the eyes. Palpi 4 seg. pale yellowish. Antennae 13 seg. yellowish brown, the distal halves darker, 1st long and thick, 2nd oblong, 3rd longest, 1.2 times as long as 4th, thin, the rest successively thicker and shorter, the length of 12th about equal to its diameter and nearly a half of 13th. Thorax: Black and shining, punctate, sparsely haired, p. g. percurrent. Mesopleurae black, smooth. Scutellum black, round, covering with short hairs. Metathorax black, punctate, no furrow. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins dark brown, radial cell open, areolet distinct. Legs brownish, claws simple. Abdomen: Black and shining, smooth, 2nd tergite latero-basally and 7th with a few hairs, 2nd tergite covering a half of the abdmen, 3rd-7th successively shorter. Ventral spine short, pointed, with a few hairs. Lateral valves large. Ovipositor sheath a little protrudes upon the tergite. Length(mm.): Body 1.5 Antenna 1.2 Wing 1.7. Gall (Nara-ha-maru-fushi; Monzen, Chuei no Kenkyu, p.354, Nara-rnetamafushi) Leaf gall, sprouting small young leaf becomes gall, round, brownish, diameter 2-3mm. monothalarnus, with some hairs. Wasp emerges in June of that year. Locality: Morioka, Iwate Prefecture, Type: The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University.
Neuroterus monzeni Dettmer (PI. I, fig.5, 15) 1934 Neuroterus monzeni, Eettmer; Broteria, V. 3, Pasc. 3. Sexual form, female Head: Vertex black and shining, smooth, eyes black, large, cheeks not extending out of the- eyes. Palpi 3 seg., pale. Antennae 14 seg. the basal 4 seg..yellowish brown, 5th-14th darker, 1st apically thick, 2nd spherical, 3rd slender, the follower.successively shorter, the relative length and (width) are as follows; I I IIVV VIVIVBIXX XIHIXIXIVXV 3- 10 7(6)17(4)15 14(5)13 12(6)ll ll(6)ll ll(6)10 8(5)9 £ 10 7(7)16 15 15(7)14 13 13 13(6)12 12 12(6)ll ll(6)12
. Thorax: Mesonotum black and shining, smooth, p.g. parcurrent. Mesopleurae black, smooth. Scutellum round, convex with an arcuate transverse furrow on the front. Metathorax black with a transverse furrow. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins brownish, radial cell long, open, areolet large, distinct. Legs brownish yellow with short hairs, 5th tarsi brown, claws 31 jg-^f^S^i«f3£¥$R J|6# (1954) $2$ toothed. -Abdomen: black and shining, laterally compressed, each tergite nearly the same length, the hind margin about virtical to the ventral line. Ventral spine short, dark hrown, with a few long hairs. Ovipositor sheath short, cylindrical, not reaches to the tergite. Male Nearly similar to the female, differing points are as follows; Antennae 15 seg., Median seg. petiolate, 2ud tergite covered about one third of thfr abdomen. Coxae, femora and 5th tarsi brownish. S3. 2.0 1.2. 2.5 Length (ram.') Body Antenna Wing £ 1.6-2.0 2.0 ' 2.5 Gall (Kunugi- hana -kotamafushi). Flower gall. Small, conical, yellowish, smooth, with some hairs, wall thin, monothalamus, diameter 2mm. It produces on the male flower of Quercus acutissima, Wasp emerges late in May of that year at Morioka.
Neuroterus moriokensis n.sp. (PI.H» fig-12) Sexual form, female Head: Vertex and face black, smooth, eyes small, black, cheeks black, smooth, extending out of the eyes. Mouth parts dark brown. Palpi 3"seg. brown. Antennae 13 seg., 1st apically,. thicker, 2nd spherical, 3rd and 4th slender, cylindrical, not sessile, brownish yellow, the relative length and (width) are as follows; i n i iv v vi vn vi ix x xr xn xi -2- 12(8) 8(7) 13(4) 10(5) 10 10(6) 10 10(6) 10 9(6) 9 8(6) 15 Thorax: Mesonotum black, smooth, p.g. pereurrent median line lacking, lateral line present, Mesopleurae black, smooth. Scutellum with a transverse groove at the front, black, smooth, without foveae. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins yellowish brown, radial cell open, areolet large, distinct. Legs yellowish, the middle and hind coxae, femora darker, claws Abdomen:toothed. Median seg. short, thick, 2nd tergite covering about one third of the abdomen, 3rd tergite long, the others shorter, black, basal part yellowish brown. Ventral spine rather long, with a few hairs. Lateral valves large, brownish. Ovipositor sheath dark brown, cylindrical, not reaches to the tergite. Lengfch(mm.): Bodyl.2-1.3 Antenna 1.1-1.2 Wing 1.5. Gall (Nara-hana -ketamafushi). Flower gall, small, irregular in shape, yellowish brown, covering with very short hairs, about 2mm. the deformation of the male flower of Quercus glandulifera. Wasp emerges in May of that year at Morioka. Locality: Iwate Prefecture. Type: The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University.
32 Siv ^Af-eiiiiBrp-jstn
Genus Neoneuroterus n.g. This Genus has "been elected as the type of the gall wasp Neoneuroterus kashiyamai which got from "Kmmgi-hana-watafushi". It relates to Genus Neuroterus Hartig, but this Genus differs from it and others in the following several characters: 1. Antennae å £ 15, -^-14 segments, and the distal segments of these are rather thick, short, and a little thicker in the middle of each segment. 2. Parapsidal grooves distinct and percurrent. 3. Head and thorax glabrous, smooth. 4. Median segment is not petiolate. 5. Ventral spine long and pointed. 6. Male genitalia is thin and pointed. 7. Ovipositor sheath is not normal free ventral valve, but a hole in the end of the tergite. Neoneuroterus kashiyamai n.s. (PI.fl,fig.9) Sexual form, female Head: Vertex, face, cheeks and mouth parts yellowish, sparsely haired, around of the ocelli brownish, cheeks extending out of the eyes. Palpi 3 seg.. Antennae 14 seg. 1st apically thick, 2nd spherical, 3rd longest, slender, succeeding seg. successively shorter, each seg. rather short, thick, a little swells in the middle. 1st-4th yellowish, the rest becoming darker. The relative length and (width) are as follows; i n mivvvivnviixxxixnxixivxv Q 15(6)6 17(4)13(5)12 12(6)10 10(7)10 9(7) 9 8(7) 7 12(5) £ 15(12)8(9) 24(ll)21 18(10)18 17(9)16 15(9)14 13(9)13 13(8)ll(7) 13 Thorax: Pro- Mesonotum yellowish, smooth, p. g. distinct, percurrent, among 2 grooves black, median line lacking. Mesopleurae yellowish, under edge brownish. Scutellum with an arcuate transverse furrow, depressing on the both sides, the disc convex, center black around yellowish, wrinkled with hairs, rather oblong, 60x40. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins dark brown, radial cell open, areolet large, distinct. Legs yellowish, coxae, femora Abdomen:and tibiae brownish,Black and clawsshining. simple. Median seg. short, thick. 2nd tergite broad, 5th-7th curved toward backside. Ventral spine slender, brownish with long hairs. Lateral valves dark yellow, large. Ovipositor sheath indistinct, opening a hole in the end of the tergite. Ovipositor normal and comes out from the innerside of the lateral valves. Male Nearly similar to the female, differing points are as follows; > Antenna 15 seg. rather long and thick. Median seg. short, thin. Abdomen small fusiform. Male genitalia yellow, apex thin, pointed. ^ 1.5-1.7 1.0-1.1 2.2-2.5 Length (mm. ) Body Antenna Wing £ 1.7-2.0 1.8-2.1 2.0-2.4 Gall (Kunugi-hana-watafushi). Flower gall, each gall small, oblong, brownish yellow, about 2mm. with some long hairs on an edge. These agglomerate as like a wool ball. It produces on the male flower of the twig of Quercus acutissima. The wasps emerge in May of that year. Locality: Wakayama prefecture. tJiJ oq ^^.'Xm^^^wm%^-m. %^m 0954) %-*%
Type: -¥-4, £10. The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University. Remarks : This gall resembles to that of the European Andricus quercus ramuli. But wasps are distinct each other. It is also like to that of A. kanagawae, (Shinji, Chuei to Chuei-Konchu, p.62, and p. 411.) But his species has £14, ^-13 segmented antennae, hairy forked ventral spine and two haired ovipositor. This gall was collected by Mr. Kashiyama in Wakayama, therefore named in the honor of the collector.
Neoneuroterus boni hanrici Dettmer (Pl.l, fig;12; PI.fl, fig.13,14) 1934 Neuroterus boni-henrici Dettmer, Vitr neue Neuroterus-Arten aus Japan, -Broteria, V.3, Fasc.3 Sexual form, male (Dettmer described female only) Head: Vertex, face and cheeks yellow, around of the ocelli dark brown, smooth, eyes reddish brown, cheeks extending out of the eyes. Palpi 3 seg. pale. 3rd longest. Antennae 15 seg. 1st-3rd yellow, 4th-10th successively darker, distal 5 seg. dark brawn. 1st apically thick, 2nd spherical, 3rd longest, the rest seg. comparatively short and a little swell in the middle, successively shorter, the relative length and (width) are as follows; in iivvvivkviixxxixnxixivxv £ 15(12)9 24(ll)22 20(ll)20 18 16(ll)16 15 15(10)14 13 12(8)13 -9- 15(9)10 17(8)15 15(8)14 13(9)13 ll(9)10 10(8) 9 9(7)16 Thorax: Mesonotum yellow, fuscous at the center, smooth and shining. P.g. percurrent, distinct, converging at the base, median line lacking, mesopleurae yellow, darker at the onunder the front.margin. The Scutellum disk round, with convex, an arcuate, yellowish, broad, darker black furrow,at the center, depressing wrinkled, at the sparsely each side,. haired, longer than width. Metathorax brown, with two transverse furrows. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins dark brown, radial cell open, areolet large. Legs yellow, with sparse hairs claws simple. Abdomen: Median seg. short, thick. 2nd and 3rd tergites black, distal tergite and sternite yellow, fusiform, 5th-7th tergites curved toward backside, Genitalia apex thin, pointed. Sexual form, female Nearly similar to the male, different points are as follows; Antennae 14 seg. , 14th about 2 times as long as 13th, and sometimes 14th divides two seg. by a suture. Median seg. short and thick. Abdomen black and shining, laterally compressed, higher than length. Ventral spine long, thin, with a few hairs. Ovipositor sheath is not normal, Ovipositor normal, and comes out from the innerside of the lateral valves and ventral spine. £ 2.5-3.0 1.8-2.0 2.6-2.8 Length (mm.) Body Antenna Wing -?. 2.3-2.4 1.4-1.5 2.3-2.5 Gall (Kunugi -hana -kaimenfushi). Flower gall, a sponge like ball, diameter 15-25mm. , It produces conglomerating on the male catkin of Quercus acutissima. Each larval chamber small, oblong, yellowish, thin-walled, covering with woolly hairs, forming a bunch at an edge especially. The chamber 34 mm?5/^?å ©«&a*®cpto)
3x2 mm. , the hairs 5-6mm. This is the conglomerate gall being formed by the numerous larval chambers and those woolly hairs loosely aggregating length-and crosswisely. The wasps emerged late in May and early in June of that year from the galls have collected at Morioka. Remarks: This species almost similar to Dettmer's Neuroterus boni -henrici, though he did not mention on its gall. Shinji's Andricus asakawae belongs to the distinct genus and has ^14, -9-13 segmented antennae, and 5 haired ovipositor.
Genus NeuroterUs Subgeuus Latuspina n.subg. Subgenus Latuspina relates to Genus Neuroterus Hartig, but the subgenus differs from it in the following points; 1. Antennae filiform, £jl5, -9-15 segments. 2. Cheek has a longitudinal furrow. 3. An arcuate transverse furrow in the front of the scutellum is very thin. 3. Abdomen laterally compressed and higher than length. 4. Ventral spine is not normally pointed, but dilated as like a spatula. Neuroterus (Latuspina) stirps n.sp. (PI.J, fig.16,17) Sexual form, female Head: Vertex, face and cheeks black, smooth, cheek with a longitudinal furrow, and extending out of the eyes. Palpi 3 sog. 1st short, thick, 2nd short, 3rd longest, the rest successively shorter, filiform, 1st-4th yellowish, 5th or 6th-15th dark brown. The relative length and (width) are as follows; I I I IVVVIYDVIIXXXIXIXIXIVXV .2- 10(10)7 20(5)16 16(6)15 15(6)13 13(7)13 12 10(7)10 10(6)8 £å 10(10,7 23(7)21 20(9;20 19 17(9)15 14(9)14 13(8)12 12(7)15 Thorax: Pro-and Mesonotum black and shining, with sparse hairs. P.g. percurrent, Scutellummedian line with lacking. an arcuate Mesopleurae thin transverse black, smooth.line at the Metathorax front, the discwith round, 2 transverse black, furrows.smooth, no foveae. Wings hyaline, pubescent, veins dark brown, radial cell rather long, open, areolet large, distinct. Legs yellowish, 5th tarsi brown. Claws simple. Abdmen: Black and shining, laterally compressed, higher than length, 130 : 100. The distal end nearly vertical to the ventral line. Median seg. short and thick. Ovipositor sheath indistinct. Ventral spine is not normally pointed, but dilated as like a spatula, with 2 protuberances on its underside and 5 brown hairs on hinder edge. Male The different points to the female are as follows; Antennae rather long and thick. Median seg. petiolate, yellowish. Male genitalia yellowish brown, thick. .£- 2.8 2.0 3.0 I-ength (mm. ) Bodj' Antenna Wiug £ 2.8 2.3 3.0 Gall ( Kunugi-miki-kotamafushi). 35 %^-k!¥ms^wm%%-% M-em 0954) ^2^
Cortex gall, it produces in the crack of the bark of Quercus acutissima, gregarious, small, subspherical, smooth, gray, diameter 2mm. , thin-walled, monothalamus, separable. The wasp emerges in June from over wintered gall. Locality: Morioka, Iwate Prefecture. Type: The Biological Laboratory of the Iwate University.
Summary 1. In this paper the writer newly described 1 Genus, ' 1 Subgenus, 12 Species, 1 Subspecies, 1 geographical race, and redescribed known 9 species, with those galls. 2. There are some Japanese Cynipid's galls similar to the European ones, but those gall wasps are different more or less from each other. 3. Among the above mentioned species, there are some sexual forms nearly similar to agamic forms, but carried out not yet experiment ou those life-history.
Literature 1840 Hartig, T., Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. 1840 , Uber die Familien der Glhvespen. 1850 Giraud, J., Signalments de quelques especes nonvelles de Cynipides et de leurs Galles. 1863 Osten Sacken, Contributions to the natural history of the Cynipidae of the United States and their galls. 1874 DescriptionsWalker, P., of some Japanese Hymenoptera, Cistula Ent. Proc. 2,P.307. 1876 Mayr. G. Die enropaischen Cynipideii-GaUeu mit Ausschluss der auf Eicheu vorkommenden Arteu. 1877 Adler, H., Beitraege zur Maturgeschichte der Oynipiden. 1877 Lege Apparat und l ierlegen der Gallenwespen. 1880 Ueber den Geiierationswechsel der Eichen-Gallwespen. 1881 M ayr, G., Die Genera der gallbewohnenden Cynipiden. 1882 Die europaischen Arten der gallbewohnenden Cynipiden. 1884 Low, F., Bemerkungen uber Cynipiden. 1891 Cameron, P., A monograph of the British phytophagous Hymeuoptera. 1891 Eckstein, K., Pflanzengallen und Gallentiers. 1896 Eiedel, M., Gallen und Gallemvespeu. 1899 KlEFFEE, J., Uber neue und bekamite Cynipxden. 1900 Trotter e Cecconi, Cecidotheca Italica. 1901 Connold, E., British Vegetable Galls. 190 1 Sasaki, C, Nippon -Jmnoku -Gaiehuhen. 1904 Ashmead, W. Descriptions of some Japanese Hymenoptera., J«N.York Ent. Soc. V.10, n.l. 1906 Nawa, Y., Nara-ringo-mosshokushiho ni tsuite., Konchu sekai, v.10, n.l.
36 nm å > '< f- cr> fj. M (2) CP»)
1907 Mayr, G., Zwei Cynipiden-Marcellia, V.VL 1907 Darboux et Houard, Les galles de Cyuipides. 1908 Connold, E., British oak galls. 1908 Grevillius und Niessen, Zoocecidia et Ceeidozoa. 1908 Houaed, C, Les ,Zooce2idies de3 plavites d'Europa, efc d i Bassiu Meiiterauee, T. 1,1,1. 1911 FULLAWAY, JD., Monograph of the gall making Cyuipidae of California, Ann. of Soc. America, V. Y[, n.4. 1912 Matsumura, S., Zokn -Nippon Seuchu-Zukai, V. % 1913 Mukaigawa, Y., Konchu Sekai, V.17, n.7. 1914 Kieffer, J., Die Gallwespen (Cynipiden) Mittelenropas insbesondere Dentschlands. (Insekten Mitteleuropas, B. I ) 1917 Eohwer and Fagan,, The type species of the Genera of the Cynipoidea, or the gall wasps and parasitic Cynipids. 1917 Felt, D. , Key to American insect galls. New York St. M. Bull. n.200. 1918^20 Mukaigawa, Y. ( Konchu-Sekai, v.22-24. 1919 Rohwer and FaGAN, Additions and corrections to the type Species of the Genera of the Cynipidae. 1920 Kinsey, A., New species and synonymy of American Cynipidae. , Bull, of A.M. of Nat. Hist., v.XLII. 1920 - -, , Life historny of American Cynipidae, Ibid. 1920 , Phylogeny of Cynipid Genera and biological characteristics, Ibid. 1922 , Studies of some new and described Cynipidae (Hyrn.), Indiana Univ. Studies, u.53. 1922 Mukaigawa, Y., Miekea-saa Mosshokushi-ho no Keakyu, Dobutsu. Zasshi, v.3, n.431, ' 1922-3 Houaed, C, les Zoocecidies des plautes d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Oceanie, T, 1 , 1•E 1923 Hedicke, H-. Beitrage zur Kenntuis der Cynipiden (Hym.). 1923 Kinsey, A., The Gall wasp Geaus Neuroterus(Hym.). 1929 , The Gallwasp G«mus Cynips, A study in the Origin of Species. 1929-30 Monzen, K., Chuei no Kenkyu, I , J, Saito Hoonkai, Jigyo-Nenpo, V.5, 6. 1930 Dettmer, H., Beschreibung von fiinf neuen Cynipiden Arten, worunter eine neue Gattung. Broteria, v. 1, Fasc. 3. 1931 Monzen, K., Chuei no Kenkyu, I, Morioka-Kono-Dosokai, Gakujutsu-Iho, v. 7. 1931 , Hosan Mosshokushiho ni tsuite. Oyodobutsu. Zasshi, v.I, n. 3. 1933 Dettmer, H, Die bislang bakannteu europaischen Arten der Gattuug Callirhitis Fort. , Broteria, v.fl, Fasc. I. 1934 Vier nene Neuroterus Arten aus Japan. Broteria, v. \, Fasc. 3. 1936 The origin of higher categories in Cynips. Indiana Univ. Pubrications, Scie. series, n. 4. 1939 Kinsey, A., Supra-spacific variation in nature and in classification. American Naturalist, v. I-XXT
37 i^^i^PI$W%¥fi W-6% C1954) %2%
1944 Shinji, O., Chuei to Chuei-Kouchu. 1948 Uchida, Sakagami and Mimura, Kashiwa-hanafushi-sakuei ho to sono Ishin-Kiseiho ni tsuite, Matsumushi, v. |, n. 1. 1949 gAKAGAMi, S., Fushihachi no 1 shu Saphonecrus connatus Hartig ni tsuite. Matsumushi, v. |, n.4. 1951 Yasumatsu, K., A new Dryocosmus injurious to chestnut trees in Japan. Mushi, V. XXH. n. 15.
Explanation of figures PL 1. Fig. 1, The galls of Andricus oblongus(JSa.r&~e&& tamafushi). 2, The galls of A. quercicola (Nara-ha fukurefushi on Kashiwa). 3, The galls of A. moriokae(Nara ha murefushi). 4, The galls of Biorhiza. nawai (Kara ringofushi). 5, The young galls of Cynips pseudoflos (^Kashv>\& nisehanafushi). 6, The old galls of C. ^ew å K. Monzen : Revision of the Japanese gall wasps PI. 2 w ^ 10 ll 12 16 15 19