Flora & Fauna of Spicer Lake
Birds Fish Fungus Herptiles Insects Liverwort Moss Spiders & Kin Vascular Plants Birds SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Ardea herodias Great Blue Heron X Butorides striatus Green Heron X Branta canadensis Canada Goose X Aix sponsa Wood Duck X Accipiter cooperii Cooper's Hawk X Zenaida macroura Mourning Dove X Archilochus colubris Ruby-throated Hummingbird X Ceryle alcyon Belted Kingfisher X Melanerpes carolinus Red-Bellied Woodpecker X Picoides pubescens Downy Woodpecker X Picoides villosus Hairy Woodpecker X Colaptes auratus Northern Flicker X Contopus borealis Eastern Wood Pewee X Myiarchus crinitus Great-Crested Flycatcher X Cyanocitta cristata Blue Jay X Corvus brachyrhynchos American Crow X Parus atricapillus Black-capped Chickadee X Parus bicolor Tufted Titmouse X Sitta canadensis Red-breasted Nuthatch X Sitta carolinensis White-breasted Nuthatch X Regulus calendula Ruby-Crowned Kinglet X Catharus fuscescens Veery X Catharus ustulatus Swainson's Thrush X Hylocichla mustelina Wood Thrush X Turdus migratorius American Robin X Dumetella carolinensis Gray Catbird X Sturnus vulgaris European Starling Bombycilla cedrorum Cedar Waxwing X Vireo flavifrons Yellow-throated Vireo X Vermivora celata Orange-crowned Warbler X Vermivora peregrina Tennessee Warbler X Mniotilta varia Black-and-white Warbler X Dendroica castanea Bay-breasted Warbler X Wilsonia canadensis Wilson's Warbler X Seiurus noveboracensis Northern Waterthrush X Geothlypis trichas Common Yellowthroat X Setophaga ruticilla American Redstart X Cardinalis cardinalis Northern Cardinal X Melospiza melodia Song Sparrow X Melospiza lincolnii Lincoln's Sparrow X Agelaius phoeniceus Red-winged Blackbird X Molothrus ater Brown-headed Cowbird X Euphagus carolinus Rusty Blackbird X Quiscalus quiscula Common Grackle X Piranga olivacea Scarlet Tanager X Passer domesticus House Sparrow Carduelis tristis American Goldfinch X Carpodacus mexicanus House Finch
Taxa: 48 taxa Identified by: N. Reason, R. Reason, B. Miller, M. Riemenschneider, S & S. Sass, E. Kirkwood Fish SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Umbra limi Central Mudminnow X
Taxa: 1 taxa Identified by: E. Kirkwood Fungi SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Calvatia Fr. Puffball X Polyporus squamosus Dryad Saddle X Trametes versicolor Turkey Tail X Ganoderma applanatumpp Artist's Fungusg X
Total: 4 taxa Identified by: D. Marr, E. Kirkwood Herptiles SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE
Eastern Red-backed Salamander Plethodon cinereus (both red-backed & lead-back phases) X Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum Eastern Tiger Salamander X Rana clamitans melanota Green Frog X Rana catesbeiana Bullfrog X Lampropeltis triangulum triangulum Eastern Milk Snake X Bufo americanus americanus Eastern American Toad X Ambystoma jeffersonianum complex Hybrid Mole Salamander X
Taxa: 7 taxa Identified by: J. McLister, J. Doyle, S. Kimble, A. Resetar, L. Arendt Insects SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Rhabdophaga strobiloides Pinecone Willow Gall Midge Unknown Gall (caused by mite?) Pemphigus sp. Poplar Stem Gall Graphocephala coccinea Leafhopper, Candy Stripe Leafhopper, unknown Thread-legged Bug Plant Bug Cuckoo Wasp Ancyloxypha numitor Least Skimmer Moth, unknown (2 sp.) Unknown Fly (2 sp.) Ground Beetle Dragonfly nymph (5 sp.)
Taxa: 19 taxa Identified by: K. Wilson Liverworts SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Chiloscyphus Corda, nom. cons. Chiloscyphus X Frullania Raddi Frullania X Lophocolea (Dumort.) Dumort. Lophocolea X Riccia fluitans L. Riccia X Riccia L., nom. cons. Riccia X Ricciocarpos natans (L.) Corda Ricciocarpos X Leafy Liverwort X Leafy Liverwort X
Total: 8 taxa Identified by: G. Merrill Mosses SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Amblystegium Schimp. Amblystegium Moss X Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp. Amblystegium Moss X Anomodon attenuatus (Hedw.) Hüb. Anomodon Moss X Atrichum altecristatum (Renauld & Cardot) Smyth & Smyth Atrichum Moss X Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. Atrichum Moss X Brachythecium acuminatum (Hedw.) Austin Acuminate Brachythecium Moss X Brachythecium oxycladon (Brid.) A. Jaeger Brachythecium Moss X Brachythecium Schimp. Brachythecium Moss X Brachythecium Schimp. Brachythecium Moss X Bryum Hedw. Bryum Moss X Callicladium haldanianum (Grev.) H.A. Crum Callicladium Moss X Calliergonella Loeske Calliergonella Moss X Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. Ceratodon Moss X Climacium kindbergii (Renauld & Cardot) Grout Kindberg's Climacium Moss X Conardia H. Rob. Conardia Moss X Dicranella heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp. Dicranella Moss X Ditrichum pusillum (Hedw.) Hampe Ditrichum Moss X Entodon cladorrhizans (Hedw.) Müll. Hal. Entodon Moss X Entodon seductrix (Hedw.) Müll. Hal. Seductive Entodon Moss X Eurhynchium hians (Hedw.) Sande Lac. Eurhynchium Moss X Eurhynchium pulchellum (Hedw.) Jenn. Eurhynchium Moss X Fissidens dubius P. Beauv. Fissidens Moss X Fissidens taxifolius Hedw. Fissidens Moss X Hypnum Hedw. Hypnum Moss X Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Streamside Leptodictyum Moss X Leskea gracilescens Hedw. Leskea Moss X Lindbergia brachyptera (Mitt.) Kindb. Lindbergia Moss X Orthotrichum Hedw. Orthotrichum Moss X Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T. Kop. Toothed Plagiomnium Moss X Plagiothecium Schimp. Plagiothecium Moss X Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Schimp. Platygyrium Moss X Polytrichum commune Hedw. Polytrichum Moss X Pylaisiella Kindb. Pylaisiella Moss X Rhizomnium punctatum (Hedw.) T. Kop. Rhizomnium Moss X Thuidium delicatulum (Hedw.) Schimp. Delicate Thuidium Moss X Thuidium recognitum (Hedw.) Lindb. Thuidium Moss X
Total: 36 taxa Identified by: G. Merrill Spiders & Kin SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE Misumena vatia Goldenrod Crab Spider X Steatoda borealis Northern Cobweb Weaver X Pholcus phalangiodes Long-bodied Cellar Spider X Achaearanea tepidariorum Common House Spider X Hogna frondicola Forest Wolf Spider X Pisaurina mira Nursery Web Spider (M & F) X Neoantistea sp. Hahnids X Misumenops asperatus Northern Crab Spider X Alopecosa aculeata Northern Wolf Spider X Dolomedes triton Six-spotted Fishing Spider X Tetragnatha extensa Long-jawed Orb Weaver X Clubiona sp. Sac Spider X Platycryptus undatus Familiar Jumping Spider X Pelegrina proterva Recklas Jumping Spider X Salticidae sp. Jumping spiders X Habronattus cognatus Agile Jumping Spider X Salticus scenicus Zebra Jumping Spider X Leucauge venusta Orchard Orbweaver X Opiliones Harvestmen X
Taxa: 19 taxa Identified by: L. Strain, J. Strain, K. Coffinger Vascular Plants SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NATIVE HABIT Acer negundo L. Boxelder X Tree Acer platanoides L. Norway Maple Tree Acer rubrum L. var. rubrum Red Maple X Tree Acer saccharum Marsh. var. saccharum Sugar Maple X Tree Actaea pachypoda Elliot White Baneberry X Forb Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. Tall Hairy Agrimony X Forb Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Soft Agrimony X Forb Agrostis gigantea Roth Redtop Grass Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Tree of Heaven Tree Alisma subcordatum Raf. American Water Plantain X Forb Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande Garlic Mustard Forb Allium tricoccum Aiton Ramp X Forb Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior (L.) Descourtils Annual Ragweed X Forb Amelanchier Medik. Serviceberry X Tree Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald American Hogpeanut X Forb Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp X Forb Arctium minus Bernh. Lesser Burdock Forb Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott Jack in the Pulpit X Forb Asarum canadense L. Canadian Wildginger X Forb Asclepias syriaca L. Common Milkweed X Forb Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal Pawpaw X Tree Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth ssp. angustum (Willd.) R.T. Clausen Subarctic Ladyfern X Fern Barbarea vulgaris W.T. Aiton Garden Yellowrocket Forb Bartonia virginica (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Yellow Screwstem X Forb Bidens cernua L. Nodding Beggartick X Forb Bidens connata Muhl. ex Willd. Purplestem Beggarticks X Forb Bidens discoidea (Torr. & A. Gray) Britton Small Beggarticks X Forb Bidens frondosa L. Devil's Beggartick X Forb Bidens tripartita L. Threelobe Beggarticks X Forb Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. Smallspike False Nettle X Forb Botrychium dissectum Spreng. Cutleaf Grapefern X Fern Carex albursina Sheldon White Bear Sedge X Sedge Carex blanda Dewey Eastern Woodland Sedge X Sedge Carex crinita Lam. var. crinita Fringed Sedge X Sedge Carex cristatella Britton Crested Sedge X Sedge Carex digitalis Willd. var. digitalis Slender Woodland Sedge X Sedge Carex gracillima Schwein. Graceful Sedge X Sedge Carex lacustris Willd. Hairy Sedge X Sedge Carex laxiculmis Schwein. var. laxiculmis Spreading Sedge X Sedge Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd. Hop Sedge X Sedge Carex plantaginea Lam. Plantainleaf Sedge X Sedge Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. Rosy Sedge X Sedge Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd var. stipata Owlfruit Sedge X Sedge Carex swanii (Fernald) Mack. Swan's Sedge X Sedge Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. var. tribuloides Blunt Broom Sedge X Sedge Carex vulpinoidea Michx. var. vulpinoidea Fox Sedge X Sedge Carpinus caroliniana Walter ssp. virginiana (Marsh.) Furlow American Hornbeam X Tree Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Bitternut Hickory X Tree Carya Nutt. Hickory X Tree Catalpa bignonioides Walter Southern Catalpa Tree Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry X Tree Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Common Buttonbush X Shrub Ceratophyllum echinatum A. Gray Spineless Hornwort X Forb Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis Eastern Redbud X Tree Chelone glabra L. White Turtlehead X Forb Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh Striped Prince's Pine X Shrub Cichorium intybus L. Chicory Forb Cicuta bulbifera L. Bulblet-bearing Water Hemlock X Forb Cinna arundinacea L. Sweet Woodreed X Grass Circaea lutetiana L. ssp. canadensis (L.) Asch. & Mangus Broadleaf Enchanter's Nightshade X Forb Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Bull Thistle Forb Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist var. canadensis Canadian Horseweed X Forb Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood X Tree Cornus florida L. Flowering Dogwood X Tree Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray Dogwood X Shrub Cornus sericea L. ssp. sericea Redosier Dogwood X Shrub Crataegus corusca Sarg. Shiningbranch Hawthorn X Tree Crataegus mollis Scheele Downy Hawthorn X Tree Crataegus punctata Jacq. Dotted Hawthorn X Tree Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Canadian Honewort X Forb Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex Schult. var. gronovii Scaldweed X Forb Dactylis glomerata L. ssp. glomerata Orchardgrass Grass Danthonia spicata (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. Poverty Oatgrass X Grass Daucus carota L. Queen Anne's Lace Forb Decodon verticillatus (L.) Elliot Swamp Loosestrife X Shrub Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC. Dillenius' Ticktrefoil X Forb Desmodium marilandicum (L.) DC. Smooth Small-leaf Ticktrefoil X Forb Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. var. paniculatum Panicledleaf Ticktrefoil X Forb Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann Western Panicgrass X Grass Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. Smooth Crabgrass Grass Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs Spinulose Woodfern X Fern Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray Crested Woodfern X Fern Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Eastern Purple Coneflower X Forb Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. Autumn Olive Shrub Epifagus virginiana (L.) W. Bartram Beechdrops X Forb Epilobium coloratum Biehler Purpleleaf Willowherb X Forb Equisetum arvense L. Field Horsetail X Fern Erechtites hieraciifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. American Burnweed X Forb Eupatorium L. Thoroughwort X Forb Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. var. graminifolia Flat-top Goldenrod X Forb Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. American Beech X Tree Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Virginia Strawberry X Forb Frangula alnus Mill. Glossy Buckthorn Shrub Fraxinus americana L. White Ash X Tree Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black Ash X Tree Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Green Ash X Tree Galium obtusum Bigelow ssp. obtusum Bluntleaf Bedstraw X Forb Galium triflorum Michx. Fragrant Bedstraw X Forb Geranium maculatum L. Spotted Geranium X Forb Geum canadense Jacq. var. canadense White Avens X Forb Gleditsia triacanthos L. Honeylocust Tree Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc. Floating Mannagrass X Grass Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. Fowl Mannagrass X Grass Hamamelis virginiana L. American Witchhazel X Shrub Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. Meadow Hawkweed Forb Hieracium gronovii L. Queendevil X Forb Hypericum L. St. Johnswort X Shrub Hypericum perforatum L. Common St. Johnswort Forb Hypochaeris radicata L. Hairy Cat's Ear Forb Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray Common Winterberry X Shrub Impatiens capensis Meerb. Jewelweed X Forb Impatiens pallida Nutt. Pale Touch-me-not X Forb Iris virginica L. var. shrevei (Small) E.S. Anderson Shreve's Iris X Forb Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut X Tree Juncus effusus L. Common Rush X Forb Juncus tenuis Willd. Poverty Rush X Forb Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald Tall Blue Lettuce X Forb Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell Canada Woodnettle X Forb Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. Rice Cutgrass X Grass Leersia virginica Willd. Whitegrass X Grass Lemna minor L. Common Duckweed X Forb Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Oxeye Daisy Forb Ligustrum vulgare L. European Privet Shrub Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Northern Spicebush X Shrub Liriodendron tulipifera L. Tuliptree X Tree Lobelia inflata L. Indian-tobacco X Forb Lonicera L. Honeysuckle Shrub Lotus corniculatus L. var. corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil Forb Lycopodium digitatum Dill. ex A. Braun Fan Clubmoss X Fern Lycopus rubellus Moench Taperleaf Water Horehound X Forb Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. racemosum Feathery False Lily of the Valley X Forb Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. Siberian Crab Apple Tree Melilotus Mill. Sweetclover Forb Menispermum canadense L. Common Moonseed X Vine Morus alba L. White Mulberry Tree Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Nimblewill X Grass Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Blackgum X Tree Onoclea sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern X Fern Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch var. virginiana Hophornbeam X Tree Oxalis stricta L. Common Yellow Oxalis X Forb Panax quinquefolius L. American Ginseng X Forb Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Fall Panicgrass X Grass Parthenocissus inserta (J. Kern) Fritsch Thicket Creeper X Vine Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia Creeper X Vine Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott Green Arrow Arum X Forb Penthorum sedoides L. Ditch Stonecrop X Forb Phalaris arundinacea L. Reed Canarygrass Grass Phleum pratense L. Timothy Grass Phlox divaricata L. Wild Blue Phlox X Forb Phytolacca americana L. var. americana American Pokeweed X Forb Picea glauca (Moench) Voss White Spruce Tree Pilea pumila (L.) A. Gray var. pumila Canadian Clearweed X Forb Pinus strobus L. Eastern White Pine X Tree Plantago lanceolata L. Narrowleaf Plantain Forb Plantago rugelii Decne. Blackseed Plantain X Forb Poa compressa L. Canada Bluegrass Grass Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh Hairy Solomon's Seal X Forb Polygonum arifolium L. Halberdleaf Tearthumb X Forb Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Swamp Smartweed X Forb Polygonum virginianum L. Jumpseed X Forb Populus deltoides Bartram ex Marsh. Eastern Cottonwood X Tree Populus grandidentata Michx. Bigtooth Aspen X Tree Prenanthes altissima L. Tall Rattlesnakeroot X Forb Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata (W. Bartram) Hultén Lance Selfheal X Forb Prunus americana Marsh. American Plum X Tree Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina Black Cherry X Tree Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.) Hilliard & B.L. Burtt ssp. obtusifolium Rabbit-tobacco X Forb Quercus alba L. White Oak X Tree Quercus rubra L. Northern Red Oak X Tree Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. var. recurvatus Blisterwort X Forb Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac X Shrub Rhus typhina L. Staghorn Sumac X Shrub Ribes cynosbati L. Eastern Prickly Gooseberry X Shrub Robinia pseudoacacia L. Black Locust Tree Rosa multiflora Thunb. Multiflora Rose Shrub Rosa palustris Marsh. Swamp Rose X Shrub Rubus idaeus L. ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry X Shrub Rubus L. Dewberry X Shrub Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry X Shrub Rubus pensilvanicus Poir. Pennsylvania Blackberry X Shrub Rumex crispus L. ssp. crispus Curly Dock Forb Rumex obtusifolius L. Bitter Dock Forb Salix alba L. White Willow Tree Salix amygdaloides Andersson Peachleaf Willow X Tree Salix nigra Marsh. Black Willow X Tree Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli American Black Elderberry X Shrub Sanicula canadensis L. Canadian Blacksnakeroot X Forb Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees Sassafras X Tree Saururus cernuus L. Lizard's Tail X Forb Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub Tall Fescue Grass Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash Little Bluestem X Grass Scutellaria lateriflora L. var. lateriflora Blue Skullcap X Forb Setaria faberi Herrm. Japanese Bristlegrass Grass Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. ssp. pumila Yellow Foxtail Grass Sium suave Walter Hemlock Waterparsnip X Forb Smilax L. Greenbrier X Forb Smilax tamnoides L. Bristly Greenbrier X Vine Solanum carolinense L. var. carolinense Carolina Horsenettle X Forb Solanum dulcamara L. var. dulcamara Climbing Nightshade Vine Solidago canadensis L. Canada Goldenrod X Forb Solidago juncea Aiton Early Goldenrod X Forb Solidago nemoralis Aiton Gray Goldenrod X Forb Solidago rugosa Mill. Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod X Forb Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. Nodding Lady's Tresses X Forb Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) G.L. Nesom Common Blue Wood Aster X Forb Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum White Panicle Aster X Forb Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve Calico Aster X Forb Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom var. pilosum Hairy White Oldfield Aster X Forb Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt. Skunk Cabbage X Forb Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg. ssp. officinale Common Dandelion Forb Tilia americana L. var. americana American Basswood X Tree Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Eastern Poison Ivy X Vine Trifolium pratense L. Red Clover Forb Trifolium repens L. White Clover Forb Trillium L. Trillium X Forb Typha x glauca Godr. (pro sp.) [angustifolia x latifolia ] Hybrid Cattail Forb Ulmus americana L. American Elm X Tree Ulmus pumila L. Siberian Elm Tree Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm X Tree Urtica dioica L. ssp. gracilis (Aiton) Seland. California Nettle X Forb Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britton ex Kearney Wingstem X Forb Veronica officinalis L. var. officinalis Common Gypsyweed Forb Veronica serpyllifolia L. ssp. serpyllifolia Thymeleaf Speedwell Forb Viburnum acerifolium L. Mapleleaf Viburnum X Shrub Viburnum opulus L. var. opulus European Cranberrybush Shrub Viburnum prunifolium L. Blackhaw X Shrub Viburnum recognitum Fernald Southern Arrowwood Shrub Viola L. Violet X Forb Vitis riparia Michx. Riverbank Grape X Vine Vitis vulpina L. Frost Grape X Vine Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell Brazilian Watermeal X Vine Wolffia columbiana Karst. Columbian Watermeal X Forb Total: 232 taxa Identified by: D. Marr, S. Namestnik, D. Resetar, V. Riemenschneider, A. Schnabel, IUSB Students