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Better Transit Now better transit now An alternative Ridership growth strategy July 2019 [email protected] | www.ttcriders.ca ttcriders.ca/bettertransitnow 2 Introduction Public transit connects us to jobs, education, services and our communities. Getting more people to choose transit reduces traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. Despite Toronto’s growing population, there are fewer people riding the TTC because transit riders face overcrowding, long wait times and rising fares. The TTC recognizes the importance of attracting new riders but does not have the proper resources to take action. This document, Better Transit Now, is TTCriders’ “alternative ridership growth strategy.” It proposes four paths for increasing ridership and points to equitable ways to raise the revenue needed to pay for them. Good Service Fully Accessible Affordable for All Rapid Transit City Wide These solutions have been around for decades, but have not been implemented due to the chronic underfunding of the TTC by all levels of government. The TTC is the least- subsidized major transit system in Canada and the US. Transit subsidy comparison of major North America cities (CodeRedTO)1 3 Climate Change Impact Transportation contributes 38% of Toronto’s greenhouse gas emissions, 80% of which is from passenger vehicles2. For every person that takes a trip on transit instead of by car approximately 1kg of CO2 emissions will not be emitted into the atmosphere. The GHG reduction is estimated for each strategy to show why transit investment is essential to curb climate change3. If all the strategies in this booklet are implemented, the city could achieve a savings of 57,781 tons of CO2 emissions per year, the equivalent of 13,532 homes’ energy use4 or the amount absorbed by 2.4 million trees5 per year. About TTCRiders TTCriders is a public transit advocacy group that gives transit riders a voice. We are transit users with a vision for an affordable, accessible world-class public transit system. Get involved at: ttcriders.ca. 4 Good Service Good transit service is fast and reliable. To make the switch to ride public transit, people must be confident that the TTC will get them where they need to go on time. Currently, delays, overcrowding and unreliable service are a common experience for riders. The first three months of 2019 saw 41 bus routes and eight streetcar routes operating above the TTC’s crowding standard at some point during weekday service, with the 29 “Sufferin” Dufferin bus topping the list6. “I’m tired of this Keele bus. It’s ridiculous. I’ve waited up to an hour for this stupid bus and then two come together, overcrowded. I’m sick and tired. What am I paying TTC for? Please, we need better service!” -Tamika C., 41 Keele Rider SCHEDULED REAL-TIME Graphic demonstrating Keele bus bunching at intersection of Keele St. at Lawrence Ave. Northbound stop. Data obtained from TTC real-time GPS, sampled on November 7, 2017 from an analysis by Nate Wessel, University of Toronto. 5 PRIORITIZING BUSES & STREETCARS ON OUR ROADS 70% of TTC trips include taking a bus or streetcar. Despite their ability to move more people, buses and streetcars are regularly stuck behind car traffic. This leads to poor service reliability and slow trips. We need bold transit priority initiatives on busy routes across the city to improve existing service. Transit priority measures such as dedicated bus lanes and signal priority are efficient ways to boost ridership. Success Story For only $3 million, transit priority measures implemented as part of the “King Street Pilot” led to massive growth of 3.67 million new rides per year.7 Strategies 12.35 14,757 tons Transit priority on all million streetcar routes8 Transit priority on 20 Ridership growth Climate Benefit busiest bus routes9 potential (annual) (CO2 Emissions Saved) 6 MORE FREQUENT SERVICE Bus service levels have barely improved over the last 10 years and some routes have less frequent service, including extremely busy corridors like Lawrence East, Sheppard East and Dufferin10. More service across the network is required to make public transit a viable option that is also comfortable and convenient. Success Story Vancouver’s transit agency has a 10-Year Vision that includes a 25% increase in bus service and 12 new express routes11. After just one year of investment they saw a bus ridership increase of 8%12, while the TTC’s bus ridership saw a 1%13 bump over the same period. Strategies 10.73 11,244 tons million 25% increase in service & 10-minute or better Ridership growth Climate Benefit service on all routes14 potential (annual) (CO2 Emissions Saved) THE TTC’S CAPACITY PROBLEM The TTC’s bus fleet has barely increased over the past decade and, even with a new garage opening in 2020, there isn’t space for the number of buses we need to operate more frequent service. The TTC will not be able to purchase more buses after 2021 due to lack of government investment (TTC).15 7 Erin Nekervis on Flickr FULLY ACCESSIBLE Accessible transit means that every passenger can ride the TTC with dignity and respect. This goes beyond physical infrastructure and includes an environment that feels safe and comfortable, is harassment-free and supports rider agency. Accessibility must be a key priority in the design of and service on our transit network. This includes, but is not limited to, proper wayfinding and communication methods, proper treatment of riders, accessible fare media, the dignity to choose between conventional and Wheel-Trans services and safe access to transit. “When I go anywhere in the city, three things have to happen first: 1. Map out my route - careful to highlight any washrooms, barriers and elevators; 2. Contact the person I’m meeting; 3. Ask myself “What if I can’t make it?” In this day and age I shouldn’t have to go through these steps, but as any person in a chair knows - you’re essentially on your own.” - Franklyn McFadden, TTCriders member who uses a wheelchair and a combination of conventional and Wheel Trans service. 8 AFFORDABLE FOR ALL Affordable transit means that the cost of taking it is within everyone’s means, regardless of income-level, employment status or location. The cost of transit impacts ridership, as every 10% increase in fares means more than 5 million fewer TTC rides16. LOWER FARES People are paying $506 more per year to take transit than they were in 2009. Existing discounts are not deep enough for people earning low or fixed incomes. An average family of four with two minimum wage earners spends 20 to 35% of their after- tax, after-rent income on transit17. The increasing cost of fares compared to the rate of inflation since 200918 19 We must significantly reduce the cost of transit fares to make this vital public service affordable for everyone. “Even with the discounted Fair Pass, I can barely afford to take transit.” - Cathy Line, a 57-year-old Scarborough resident who relies on the Fair Pass to pay for TTC Wheel- Trans trips. Strategies Cost of monthly pass lowered to 6,574 tons 37.5 trip break-even20 6.27 million 10% reduction to all single fares21 $50 pass, $1 fare for low Ridership growth Climate Benefit income earners. Free for social potential (annual) (CO2 Emissions Saved) assistance recipients..22 9 FAIR FARE INTEGRATION A lack of fare integration agreements between the TTC and its neighbouring transit agencies actively discourages people from taking transit because it forces them to pay two or more fares for a single trip. Within Toronto, faster trips on GO and the Union-Pearson Express (UPX) are out of reach for many people. Map of cross-boundary trip cost “The removal of direct GO and 905 services to York University without proper fare integration means that I have to pay 30% more to get to campus. More of my time and my money are being wasted.” - Rawan Abdelbaki, student, York University Equitable fare integration is needed to lower the cost of multi-agency trips. This should be done without a pay-by-speed or pay-by-distance model that raises fares for everyone else. Strategies 2,083 tons 1.99 million 905-to-TTC 2-hour transfers23 Single fare within 416 Ridership growth Climate Benefit (GO, UPX, TTC)24 potential (annual) (CO2 Emissions Saved) 10 Rapid TRansit city-wide All corners of the city deserve rapid public transit service that benefits communities by supporting decent work, a fair local economy and deeply affordable housing that will not displace the people currently living there. “How much longer do Scarborough transit riders have to suffer three hour daily commutes? Twenty years? Thirty years? For the same amount of money as a three-stop subway we could build a fifty-stop LRT network that helps 1 in 6 Scarborough residents get to where they’re going faster.” - Jamaal Myers, Scarborough resident and member of Scarborough Transit Action The TTC needs an integrated network of subways, light rail, and busways to provide fast and reliable transit and to address the mobility needs of Toronto’s growing population. Transit must be publicly owned, operated and maintained to provide the greatest benefit for riders. Public-private partnerships (P3’s) cost more and are less accountable to the public.25 Strategies 23,124 tons 17.5 million Eglinton East LRT26 Sheppard East LRT27 Ridership growth Climate Benefit Relief Line28 potential (annual) (CO2 Emissions Saved) In 2003, the TTC identified 22 corridors for rapid transit development29. To date, only five projects have been fully funded. 11 EQUITABLE REVENUE TOOLS A strong public transit system requires stable and predictable funding.
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