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ASMFC Stock Status Overview

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ASMFC Stock Status Overview American Eel ASMFC Stock Status Overview American Lobster Atlantic Cobia This document provides an overview of stock status for the Commission’s 27 managed species or species groups. Graphs contain the most recent information available and have been vetted through the relevant species technical committee. Where Atlantic Croaker biomass data is lacking, other fishery indicators are used (i.e., landings, fishing mortality rates). Time frames differ based on Atlantic Herring data availability. October 2020 Atlantic Menhaden Atlantic Striped Bass Atlantic Sturgeon Black Drum Black Sea Bass Bluefish Coastal Sharks Horseshoe Crab Jonah Crab Northern Shrimp Red Drum Scup Shad & River Herring Spanish Mackerel Spiny Dogfish Spot Spotted Seatrout Summer Flounder Tautog Weakfish Vision: Sustainable and Cooperative Management of Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Winter Flounder Quick Guide to ASMFC Species Stock Status (Current as of October 2020) = Rebuilt/Sustainable / = Recovering/Rebuilding = Depleted ? = Unknown *= Concern STATUS/ REBUILDING STATUS & SPECIES OVERFISHED OVERFISHING TRENDS SCHEDULE 2017 stock assessment update American Eel Depleted Unknown indicates resource remains depleted. GOM/GBK stock abundance Gulf of Maine/ has increased since the 1980s. American Georges Bank Not Depleted N 2020 benchmark assessment to Lobster (GOM/GBK) be presented to the Board in October. SNE stock has collapsed and is experiencing recruitment Southern New Depleted N failure. 2020 benchmark England assessment to be presented to the Board in October. Depleted on coastwide basis; Amendment 3 established 2013 moratorium unless river- American Shad Depleted Unknown specific sustainability can be documented; benchmark assessment scheduled for 2020. In 2020, the TLA was updated to incorporate additional fishery-independent surveys, Atlantic age and length information, an Unknown Unknown ? Croaker updated reference period, regional characteristics, and an updated management trigger mechanism. 2020 stock assessment update Atlantic indicates total biomass, SSB, Y N * Herring and recruitment remain at low levels 2020 benchmark assessment indicates species is not overfished nor experiencing Atlantic N N overfishing per single-species Menhaden BRPs; fecundity above BRPs; use of ERPs approved by Board in August 2020 Overfished and overfishing occurring on a coastwide basis; Atlantic Addendum VI requires states Y Y / Striped Bass implement measures in 2020 to achieve an 18% reduction in total removals Quick Guide to ASMFC Species Stock Status (Current as of October 2020) = Rebuilt/Sustainable / = Recovering/Rebuilding = Depleted ? = Unknown *= Concern STATUS/ REBUILDING STATUS & SPECIES OVERFISHED OVERFISHING TRENDS SCHEDULE 40+ year moratorium implemented in 1998; listed in 2012 under the ESA; 2017 benchmark assessment Atlantic Depleted N indicates stock is depleted Sturgeon coastwide though slow recovery has been occurring since 1998 and total mortality is sustainable 2015 benchmark assessment found median biomass to be declining slowly, though still Black Drum N N estimated to be well above that necessary to produce maximum sustainable yield. Operational assessment found SSB was 2.4 times biomass target and overfishing was not Black Sea Bass N N occurring; after a record peak in 2016, biomass has slightly declined. Operational assessment found that while bluefish did not experience overfishing in * Bluefish Y N 2018, stock has experienced overfishing, relative to the updated reference points, since 1985. * Coastal Sharks Varies by species & species complex 2020 benchmark stock assessment indicates stock is not overfished nor Cobia N N experiencing overfishing relative to new F40% and SSBF40% reference points. Quick Guide to ASMFC Species Stock Status (Current as of October 2020) = Rebuilt/Sustainable / = Recovering/Rebuilding = Depleted ? = Unknown *= Concern STATUS/ REBUILDING STATUS & SPECIES OVERFISHED OVERFISHING TRENDS SCHEDULE 2019 benchmark assessment found NE region and DE Bay stocks are neutral; NY region stock is poor; and the SE region stock is good. Coastwide abundance has Horseshoe Unknown Unknown fluctuated, with many * Crab surveys decreasing after 1998 but increasing in recent years. ARM Framework used since 2013 to set harvest levels for horseshoe crabs of DE Bay origin. No range-wide assessment; ? Jonah Crab Unknown Unknown Interstate FMP adopted in August 2015. 2019 TLA indicates stock remains depleted, with SSB at extremely low levels since 2013. Abundance, biomass, and SSB at new time-series lows, and recruitment 3rd- Northern Depleted N lowest in the time series. Shrimp Environmental conditions continue to be unfavorable for northern shrimp. Fishing moratorium in place since 2014 to protect remaining spawning population. 2018 benchmark assessment Red Drum Northern Unknown N indicates sSPR above target Region and threshold SPRs. / 2018 benchmark assessment Southern Unknown N indicates sSPR above target Region and threshold SPRs. 2017 assessment update indicates stock remains depleted on coastwide basis. Amendment 2 requires states River Herring Depleted Unknown and jurisdictions develop SFMPs in order to maintain a commercial and/or recreational river herring fishery. Quick Guide to ASMFC Species Stock Status (Current as of October 2020) = Rebuilt/Sustainable / = Recovering/Rebuilding = Depleted ? = Unknown *= Concern STATUS/ REBUILDING STATUS & SPECIES OVERFISHED OVERFISHING TRENDS SCHEDULE Rebuilt. SSB is estimated to be Scup N N two times its target. 2012 stock assessment indicates no overfishing and Spanish not overfished relative to FMSY N N Mackerel and BMSY reference points. A SEDAR operational assessment is scheduled for 2021. 2018 assessment update indicates despite remaining above the threshold, biomass has declined in recent years, Spiny Dogfish N N requiring a significant harvest reduction in 2019-2020 to ensure overfishing does not occur. In 2020, the TLA was updated to incorporate additional fishery-independent surveys, age and length information, an Spot Unknown Unknown ? updated reference period, regional characteristics, and an updated management trigger mechanism. Omnibus Amendment includes Spotted measures to protect spawning Unknown Unknown ? Seatrout stock & establishes 12” minimum size limit. 2019 assessment update indicates recruitment has been Summer N N below average since 2011, / Flounder resulting in a declining stock trend. Massachusetts N N – Rhode Island Long Island Y Y Tautog Sound Amendment 1 establishes New Jersey – regional stock units and * New York Y Y reference points, as well as a Bight commercial tagging program. Delaware – Maryland – Y N Virginia Quick Guide to ASMFC Species Stock Status (Current as of October 2020) = Rebuilt/Sustainable / = Recovering/Rebuilding = Depleted ? = Unknown *= Concern STATUS/ REBUILDING STATUS & SPECIES OVERFISHED OVERFISHING TRENDS SCHEDULE 2019 assessment update indicates weakfish have been depleted since 2003; population has been experiencing very high levels Weakfish Depleted N of total mortality (fishing mortality plus natural mortality), preventing the stock recovery. Natural mortality has been increasing since the 2000s. Biomass reference points remain unknown and overfished status cannot be Gulf of Maine Unknown N * determined.; assessment Winter Flounder update to be presented to Board and NEFMC in 2020 Biomass at 18% of SSB target South New based on 2017 operational England/ Y N assessment; assessment Mid-Atlantic update to be presented to Board and NEFMC in 2020 What Does a Status Mean? Rebuilt/Sustainable - Stock biomass is equal to or above the biomass level established by the FMP to ensure population sustainability. When between benchmark assessments, a stock can still be considered rebuilt/sustainable if it drops below the target but remains above the threshold. Recovering/Rebuilding - Stocks exhibit stable or increasing trends. Stock biomass is between the threshold and the target level established by the FMP. Unknown - There is no accepted stock assessment to estimate stock status. Depleted - Reflects low levels of abundance though it is unclear whether fishing mortality is the primary cause for reduced stock size Concern – Those stocks developing emerging issues, e.g., increased effort, declining landings, or impacts due to environmental conditions. Overfished - Occurs when stock biomass falls below the threshold established by the FMP, impacting the stock’s reproductive capacity to replace fish removed through harvest, and that decline is driven primarily by fishing mortality. Overfishing - Removing fish from a population at a rate that exceeds the threshold established in the FMP, impacting the stock’s reproductive capacity to replace fish removed through harvest. Stable/ Unchanged - Stock biomass has been consistent in recent years. Benchmark stock assessment - A full analysis and review of stock condition, focusing on the consideration of new data sources and newer or improved assessment models. This assessment is generally conducted every 3-5 years and undergoes a formal peer review by a panel of independent scientists who evaluate whether the data and the methods used to produce the assessment are scientifically sound and appropriate for management use. Stock assessment update - Incorporates data from the most recent years into a peer-reviewed assessment model to determine current stock status (abundance and overfishing levels) Overview of Stock Status American Eel, Anguilla rostrata American Eel Commercial Landings
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