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U N I V E R Z I T E T U S a R a J E V U F I L O Z O F S K I F a K U L T E T O D S J E K Z a H I S T O R I J U Dženana Kahriman

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U N I V E R Z I T E T U S a R a J E V U F I L O Z O F S K I F a K U L T E T O D S J E K Z a H I S T O R I J U Dženana Kahriman U N I V E R Z I T E T U S A R A J E V U F I L O Z O F S K I F A K U L T E T O D S J E K Z A H I S T O R I J U Dženana Kahriman, BA Veliki ilirski ustanak u historiografiji Zapadnog Balkana u XX i XXI stoljeću (završni magistarski rad) Mentori: doc.dr. Amra Šačić Beća doc.dr.Almir Marić Sarajevo, 2020. SADRŽAJ SADRŽAJ .......................................................................................................... 1 UVOD ................................................................................................................ 3 1. Ilirik u opasnosti- kratak osvrt na ustanak ................................................... 7 1.1 Početak ustanka .........................................................................................................................8 1.2. Dalji tok ratovanja ............................................................................................................. 10 1.3. Uspon i pad ustanka- predaja na rijeci Bathinus ................................................................. 12 1.4. Germanik glavni na terenu ? .............................................................................................. 14 1.5. Poraz ilirskih snaga ............................................................................................................ 15 1.6. Kraj i posljedice ustanka .................................................................................................... 17 2. Problematika Velikog ilirskog ustanka u hrvatskoj historiografiji .............. 20 2.1. Počeci izučavanja Velikog ilirskog ustanka u XIX stoljeću ................................................... 21 2.2. Batonov ustanak kao sastavni dio nacionalne povijesti ....................................................... 22 2.3. Viđenje Batonovog ustanka u hrvatskoj historiografiji u razdoblju SFRJ (1945-1991) ........ 23 2.4. Veliki ilirski ustanak i savremena hrvatska historiografija .................................................. 26 2.5. Doprinos hrvatskih naučnika u izučavanju Bellum Batonianum u prvoj deceniji XXI stoljeća 26 2.6. Drugi val proučavanja: Razvoj historiografije o ustanku nakon održavanja skupa u Zagrebu 2009. godine ................................................................................................................................. 30 3. Problematika Bellum Batonianum u modernoj srpskoj historiografiji ......... 36 3.1. Veliki i strašni ustanak- Batonov ustanak kao sastavni dio srpske nacionalne prošlosti ............ 37 3.2. Veliki ilirski ustanak kroz prizmu lingvističkih i arheoloških istraživanja............................... 39 3.3. (Ne)posvećenost izučavanju Velikog ilirskog ustanka ............................................................. 41 4. Da li slovenački naučnici istražuju Batonov ustanak? ................................ 46 4.1. Bednja, Bosut ili Bosna? Pitanje lociranja rijeke Bathinus ..................................................... 46 4.2. Ubikacija grada Seretiona....................................................................................................... 47 4.3. Baton Desidijatski kao albanski nacionalni heroj?! ................................................................. 48 5. Veliki ilirski ustanak u radovima bosanskohercegovačkih naučnika .......... 50 5.1. Austro-Ugarska Monarhija kao predvodnik u istraživanju antičkih lokaliteta ........................ 51 5.2. Batonov rat ili partizanski filmovi? .................................................................................... 52 5.3. Počeci izučavanja Batonovog ustanka u XXI stoljeću ........................................................ 56 5.4. Prva monografija o Velikom ilirskom ustanku ................................................................... 60 5.5. Batonov ustanak kao jedan od najznačajnijih događaja nacionalne historije- da ili ne? ....... 65 1 6. Kratki pregled svjetske historiografije ........................................................ 69 ZAKLJUČAK .................................................................................................. 72 SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 74 BIOGRAFIJA .................................................................................................. 75 PRILOG RADU ............................................................................................... 76 BIBLIOGRAFIJA ............................................................................................ 85 Skraćenice .................................................................................................................................... 85 Izvori ............................................................................................................................................ 87 Literatura ...................................................................................................................................... 88 Internet stranice ............................................................................................................................ 98 2 UVOD Historiografija o Velikom ilirskom ustanku je odličan pokazatelj tvrdnje da svaka sadašnjost prema sopstvenim vrijednostima gradi novi odnos prema prošlosti. Prilikom proučavanja povijesti Zapadnog Balkana u obzir treba uzeti slojevite nacionalne odnose. Iz tog razloga, dosta je teže pronaći djela koja u okviru svojih tematskih cjelina tretiraju Batonov ustanak. Takva praksa je posebno bila prisutna u XIX i XX stoljeću. Mnoge nacije su stvarale vlastite mitove, a moglo bi se istaći da Batonov ustanak nije bio „mjerodavan“ u kreiranju jedne takve slike. Upravo je zadatak modernih historičara da svoja djela distanciraju od mitova, da ih očiste i da predstave ono što je zabilježeno u izvorima. Međutim, i oni su ponekad skloni određenim predrasudama, krivim tumačenjima izvora, preuveličavanju i stereotipima. Svakako na njih djeluje okolina u kojoj stvaraju, porijeklo, obrazovanje i ideološka stanovišta, bilo to svjesno ili nesvjesno. Sudeći prema pisanju rimskog pisca Svetonija, Batonov ustanak je bio najteži rat kojeg su Rimljani vodili još od Punskih ratova. Već na toj njegovoj tvrdnji, iako je pretjerana, moguće je uvidjeti da je ustanak ozbiljno uznemirio prvog rimskog princepsa, Oktavijana Augusta (27.g.p.n.e.-14.g. n.e.). U ratnim operacijama u Iliriku posebno se istakao Augustov nasljednik Tiberije te Tiberijev usvojeni sin, Germanik. S druge strane, na čelo ustaničkih jedinica stala su dvojica Batona, Desidijatski i Breučki. Nažalost, podaci o njima se crpe samo na osnovu tri godine ustanka. Baton Breučki je nakon dvije godine ratovanja odlučio da se preda. Sigurno da je ovakvim potezom posao Rimljanima bio izuzetno olakšan. Završetkom ustanka došlo je do korjenitih promjena na ovim prostorima i počele su se ispisivati nove stranice „ilirske povijesti.“ Također, završeno je i rimsko osvajanje istočne jadranske obale i njenog kontinentalnog zaleđa. U odnosu na druge događaje ilirske prošlosti, Batonov ustanak je našao više odraza u izvornoj građi, ali su mnoga pitanja i dalje otvorena. Dodatnu poteškoću u razumijevanju mnogih segmenata Batonovog ustanka predstavlja činjenica što sva svjedočanstva potiču iz pera grčko- rimskih pisaca. Magistarski rad je podijeljen na šest glavnih poglavlja, a svako od njih sastoji se od nekoliko manjih tematskih cjelina. Ono što treba istaći da su istraživanja naučnika promatrana iz ugla hronološke metode. Shodno tome, rad je struktuiran prema vremenskim epohama u kojima su istraživači živjeli. U mnogim zemljama u XX stoljeću dešavale su se značajne promjene. Prvi svjetski rat je promijenio sliku tadašnje Evrope, a mnoga carstva su nestala. Upravo je krajem pomenutog rata, Prvodecembarskim aktom došlo do stvaranje Kraljevine 3 SHS (kasnije Kraljevine Jugoslavije) i većina zemalja Zapadnog Balkana se našla pod istim kišobranom. Drugi svjetski rat je stvorio novu realnost, odnosno Komunistička partija Jugoslavije na čelu sa Josipom Brozom Titom je odnijela pobjedu. U novoformiranoj državi, KPJ je kontrolisala skoro sve sfere života, pa tako i nauku. Batonov ustanak nije naišao na preveliku zainteresovanost u radovima naučnika tog perioda. Za predslavensko doba nije bilo puno mjesta, jer nije odgovaralo uspostavljenom državnom narativu koji se temeljio na slavenskom porijeklu naroda. Nakon propasti Jugoslavije, historiografija o Batonovom ustanku je krenula u nekom drugom smjeru. Zbog lakšeg razumijevanja historiografije u prvom poglavlju je predstavljen kraći osvrt na ustanak, koji je promatran kroz prizmu izvorne građe te relevantne literature. U fokusu su posebno uzroci ustanka, potom najznačajnije bitke te posljedice istog, koje su bile katastrofalne za domaće ilirsko stanovništvo. U drugom poglavlju je obrađena hrvatska historiografija, od Tadije Smičiklasa, Ferde Šišića pa do modernih naučnika. U hrvatskoj naučnoj zajednici još uvijek ne postoji monografija koja je u cjelosti posvećena ustanku, ali radovi hrvatskih naučnika predstavljaju nemjerljiv doprinos u razumijevanju problematike Batonovog ustanka. Upečatljivo je da je ustanak u periodu socijalizma promatran kroz vladajuću ideologiju, pa su opisi sukoba između indigenih zajednica i Rimljana ponekad podsjećali na scene iz partizanskih filmova. Postjugoslovenski pristup je već vidljiv u radu iz 1991. godine, Mate Suića. U modernom periodu naročito se izdvajaju dva imena, a to su Alka Domić Kunić i Danijel Džino. U glavnom gradu Hrvatske, Zagrebu je povodom 2000 godina
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