BITI IZ VAN Ka Redefinisanju Kulturnog Identiteta Srbije

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BITI IZ VAN Ka Redefinisanju Kulturnog Identiteta Srbije BITI IZ VAN Ka redefinisanju kulturnog identiteta Srbije Publikaciju BITI IZ/VAN – Ka redefinisanju kulturnog identiteta Srbije realizuje KULTURKLAMMER – centar za kulturne interakcije uz podršku ERSTE Bank a.d. Novi Sad. TO BE FROM/OUT The publication TO BE FROM/OUT – Towards the Redefinition of the Cultural Identity of Serbia is realised by KULTURKLAMMER – centre for cultural interactions with the support of the ERSTE Bank a.d. Novi Sad. Zahvaljujemo se svim učesnicima Međunarodne letnje akademije (Bez)granični identiteti koji su svojom motivisanošću, znanjem i zalaganjem doprineli ne samo objavljivanju ove publikacije, već i stvaranju osnove i otvaranju javnog prostora za dalje bavljenje ovim HVALA važnim društvenim pitanjem. Posebnu zahvalnost dugujemo ERSTE Bank a.d. Novi Sad na doslednoj podršci realizaciji projekta, bez koje do sada postignuti rezultati ne bi bili mogući. (Bez)granični identiteti – višeznačnost pojma | 3 4 | BITI IZ/VAN Our gratitude goes to all participants of the International Summer Academy (UN)Limited Identities for their motivation, knowledge and endeavours, which contributed not only to the content of this publication but also to creation of the basis and opening of the public space for further dealing with this important societal issue. We owe a special thanks to the ERSTE Bank a.d. Novi Sad for continuous support without which the results that were achieved until now would not be possible. ACKNOWLEDGMENT (Bez)granični identiteti – višeznačnost pojma | 5 8 | Kulturklammer | UVOD J 14 | (Bez)granični identITeti – višeznačnost poJma 16 | Monika Mokre | DA LI IDENTITETI UBIJAJU? 21 | Vladimir Mihić | EvROPSKI I(LI) NACIONALNI IDENTITET – SOCIOPSIHOLOšKA RAZMATRANJA 34 | Nikolai Vukov | PoSTSOCIJALISTIčKI IDENTITETI, TRANSFORMACIJE I PREDSTAVLJANJA 38 | Zoran Erić | PROBLEM IDENTITETA KROZ PRIZMU VIDEO UMETNOSTI U BIVšOJ JuGOSLAVIJI SADRŽA 53 | Tanja Ostojić | PRELAžENJE GRANICA: RAZvoJ RAZLIčITIH UMETNIčKIH STRATEGIJA 63 | Rastislava Mirković | SRPSKI RADNIK – MIGRANT U EvROPI XX VEKA – od GOSTUJUćEG RADNIKA do TRANSNACIONALNOG PREduZETNIKA 67 | Iva Kolundžija | (BEZ)GRANIčNI IDENTITETI 69 | Tomaž Evertovski | STudENTSKI IDENTITET 72 | Inis Shkreli | PodELJENI IDENTITET odREđEN SLovENSKOM I ALBANSKOM KULTUROM 84 | Ivana Šramke | O SMISLU IDENTITETA 86 | Kalina Jordanova | SuSEDSKE (I)STORIJE 90 | Nela Milić | PuTUJUćI BIOSKOP 92 | IzmeđU dva staJališta – KA redefinisanJU kulturnog identITeta SrbiJE 94 | Branimir Stojković | KA odRžIvoM KULTURNOM IDENTITETU 104 | Milena Dragićević Šešić | KuLTURNA POLITIKA, NACIONALIZAM I EVROPSKE INTEGRACIJE 122 | Boris Žujko | SLIKE U GLAVAMA 125 | Marius Stan | SRPSKI? HMMM, ZvučI POZNATO... 131 | Tomas Džekson | NERAZREšENO PITANJE SRPSKOG IDENTITETA 136 | Daniela Meler | SRPSKI IDENTITET: CRNA KUTIJA? 142 | Klaske Vos | GRAđENJE PUTA NAPRETKA ZA PROšLOST SRBIJE 149 | Jelena Krstić | MISIJA SKORO PA (NE)MOGUćA 153 | Davor Džalto | IdENTITET IZ-MEđU 310 | indeks fotografiJA 158 | Kulturklammer | INTRODUCTION 164 | (UN)Limited Identities – Multiple Meaning of the term 166 | Monika Mokre | DO IdENTITIES KILL? 171 | Vladimir Mihić | EuROPEAN AND/OR NATIONAL IdENTITY – SoCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL CoNSIDERATIONS 184 | Nikolai Vukov | PoST-SOCIALIST IdENTITIES, TRANSFORMATIONS, AND REPRESENTATIONS CONTENT 188 | Zoran Erić | THE QUESTION OF IdENTITY AS REFLECTED THRouGH VIDEO ART IN EX-YuGOSLAVIA 203 | Tanja Ostojić | CROSSING BoRDERS: DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ARTISTIC STRATEGIES 211 | Rastislava Mirković | SERBIAN LABOR MIGRANT IN THE 20TH CENTURY EuROPE - FROM A GUEST WORKER TO A TRANSNATIONAL ENTREPRENEUR 215 | Iva Kolundžija | (UN)LIMITED IDENTITIES 217 | Tomasz Ewertowski | STudENTS’ IdENTITY 220 | Inis Shkreli | A SPLIT IDENTITY FLANKED BY SLAV AND ALBANIAN CULTURE 234 | Ivana Schramke | THouGHTS ON IDENTITY 236 | Kalina Yordanova | NEIGHBouRHood (HI)STORIES 240 | Nela Milić | TRAVELLING CINEMA 242 | Between Two Stands – Towards the Redefinition of the Cultural IdentitY of Serbia 240 | Branimir Stojković | ToWARDS A SuSTAINABLE CuLTURAL IdENTITY 254 | Milena Dragićević Šešić | CuLTURAL PoLICY, NATIONALISM AND EuROPEAN INTEGRATIONS 274 | Boris Žujko | PICTURES IN PEOPLE’S HEADS 277 | Marius Stan | SERBIAN? HMMM, SouNDS FAMILIAR... 283 | Thomas Jackson | THE UNRESOLVED ISSUE OF SERBIAN IDENTITY 288 | Daniela Mehler | SERBIAN IdENTITY: A BLACK Box? 295 | Claske Vos | CoNSTRUCTING THE WAY FoRWARD FOR SERBIA’S PAST 302 | Jelena Krstić | AN ALMOST (IM)PoSSIBLE MISSION 306 | Davor Džalto | IdENTITY IN-BETWEEN 311 | photo credits KULTURKLAMMER – centar za kulturne interakcije Uvod Ubrzana globalizacija, migracije i procesi političkih i kulturnih integracija Evrope aktuelizovali su pitanje kulturnog identiteta i postavili ga u fokus međunarodnih odnosa, ali i društvenog di- jaloga, kako u pojedinačnim zemljama, tako i na nivou cele Evrope. Dosled- no tome, pronalaženje načina za očuvanje autentičnog kulturnog identiteta i njegovo usklađivanje s dominirajućim - evropskim identitetom u nastajanju – postalo je predmet različitih naučnih disciplina i polja istraživanja i jedan od najvažnijih zadataka javnih politika u velikom broju evropskih zemalja. Posmatrana u datom kontekstu, ali i kao zemlja koja je zakoračila na put evrop- skih integracija i prihvatila poziciju da se u konkurenciji desetine drugih, ma- njih ili većih država, bori za svoje osobeno mesto u zajednici evropskih zemalja, Srbija je pored nužnosti za sprovođenjem brojnih promena i transformacija društveno-političkog uređenja i modela državne ekonomije, suočena s izazo- vom repozicioniranja na međunarodnoj sceni. U vezi sa tim javila se i potreba za redefinisanjem kolektivnog identiteta koji je poljuljan državnim i društveno- političkim diskontinuitetom i gubitkom dotadašnjeg vrednosnog sistema usled raspada Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije, a definitivno izgubljen tokom društveno-političke i ekonomske krize tokom 1990-tih. Paralelno s krizom identiteta koja je u srpskom društvu prisutna već gotovo dve decenije, tekao je proces opadanja ugleda i formiranja negativne slike o Srbiji u njenom bližem i daljem okruženju. Višegodišnja izolacija i za- tvorenost zemlje, medijska manipulacija i nekritički odnos prema ulozi Srbije u ratovima na teritoriji bivše SFRJ tokom 1990-tih, te nespremnost vladajućeg režima, društvene elite ali i većine građana da preuzmu odgovor- nost za politiku konflikta i ratova, samo su neki od faktora koji su doprineli narušavanju ugleda zemlje i nastanku njene negativne reputacije. S druge strane, nakon 2000. godine nespremnost za reflektivno i kritičko preispiti- vanje bliske prošlosti, istorijskih narativa i kolektivnog sećanja na kojima je građen kolektivni identitet tokom 1990-tih, značajno su usporili promenu BITI IZ/VAN aktuelne spoljašnje i unutrašnje percepcije Srbije. | 8 Kulturni identitet predstavlja društveni konstrukt koji je kao takav zavisan od različitih faktora i okolnosti, koji se konstantno menja i uvek iznova generiše i koji pored mnogih svojstava koja potiču iz različitih elemenata unutar određene kulture, uključuje i odnos prema drugim kulturama. Stoga je razumljivo zbog čega javni dijalog i kritičko pre- ispitivanje ključnih faktora u formiranju kolektivnog 1 R. R. Božović, Kulturni (kulturnog) identiteta, pored ostalog, mora da obu- identitet u globalnoj integraciji, Sociološka hvati i odnos prema drugim kulturama, a samim tim i Luča I/1, 2007. viđenje i percepciju drugih.1 Jednodimenzionalna prezentacija kulture i jednodimenzionalno komu- niciranje kulturnog identiteta Srbije doveli su do toga da raznovrsnost njenih kultura i njima pripadajućih identiteta postane sasvim nevidljiva i irelevantna u domenu spoljnih odnosa. Kada je u pitanju unutrašnji razvoj srpskog društva, takav pristup je ugrozio očuvanje i negovanje multikultur- alnosti kao bazične vrednosti savremenog građanskog društva i eliminisao njen značaj kao potencijalno veoma važnog generatora u formiranju kolek- tivnog identiteta. Zato je u cilju promene negativne reputacije koju Srbija uživa i komu- niciranja njenog specifičnog identiteta s nastajućim evropskim identite- tom neophodno angažovanje svih društvenih aktera i polja društvenog života, kao i kreiranje politika i strategija repozicioniranja zemlje. Takođe, pored stvaranja odgovarajućih konteksta za redefinisanje kulturnog iden- titeta i međunarodnog statusa zemlje, podjednako je važno omogućiti par- ticipaciju građana u datim procesima. To podrazumeva otvaranje zemlje, omogućavanje veće mobilnosti njenih građana i intenzivnu kulturnu sarad- nju i razmenu, ali i uključivanje predstavnika emigracije u pomenute procese i pružanje mogućnosti svim zainteresovanima da se bolje upoznaju s izvorima savremenog kulturnog i društvenog identiteta Srbije i pruže doprinos re- definisanju njihovih aktuelnih odrednica. Uvod | 9 Projekat SERBIE MOBILE_Između dva stajališta Osnovno polazište projekta SERBIE MOBILE _ Između dva stajališta predstavlja pi- tanje formiranja, komuniciranja i prezentacije savremenog identiteta Srbije, kako u zemlji, tako i van njenih granica, kao i pitanje doprinosa različitih socio-kulturnih grupa, kategorija i generatora njegovom formiranju. Real- izacija projekta počela je 2008. godine i do sada su uspešno sprovedene dve njegove etape, obe fokusirane na preispitivanje kolektivnog identiteta Srbije u kontekstu aktuelnih evropskih integracija: Međunarodna letnja akademija (Bez)granični identiteti (2008) i publikacija BITI IZ/VAN – Ka redefinisanju kulturnog identiteta Srbije (2009). Međunarodna letnja akademija (Bez)granični
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