A[ September, 1992 Vol. 2, No. 9 The Forum for North Atlantic Diving $1.95

u - 123 U- 140 u - 853 u - Who

Carbon Dioxide Jones Beach Jetty New Products Boat Schedules Letters Dive Mates SUB AQUA JOURNAL WECAN NEVER FORGET 750 West Broadway Long Beach, NY 11561 S16 / 889-1208 The fear of a nation, their desire lo win, their contempt for life; these are what

PUBLISHER / EDITOR created the U-Boal. Unsuspecting ships traveling with goods and passengers along JOEL D. SILVERSTEIN the Atlantic coast suddenly exploded from attacks . Seaside towns finally

ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER/ turned their lights off in the evening lo allow Allied ships lo sneak by the wolfpacks MANAGING EDITOR of Operation Drumbeat . JAMES F. CLEARY The Germans had been experimenting with Unterseeboots as far back as 1465 ASSOCIATE EDITOR but ii wasn't until l 906 that the German Navy officially had a , the U-1. MELISSA A. ORENSTEIN Until World War I the U-boal hadn't flexed its strength and power. Seventy-eight CONTRIBUTING EDITORS years ago this month the U-21 sank the first warship with a torpedo . During WW TOM BAKER, DANIEL BERG, HANK GARVIN, KIRBY KURKOMELIS , I 390 U-boats were built, which ultimately sank 5,708 international ships totaling DARDARA LANDER, HILLARY VIDERS over 11 million Ions . After four years of terrorizing the world Germany fell and lost CONTRIBUTING the war . The end of the war for Germany also meant the surrender of her U-boats . WRITERS & PHOTOGRAPHERS On September l, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and World War II was EDWARD A. BETTS CAPT. STEVE DIELENDA launched . This lime Germany was incessant on winning the war . They lay waste lo GLENN BUTLER millions of people, obliterated races, tortured and experimented with humans - CATHIE CUSH BERNIE CHOWDHURY these atrocities were in the name of the Fuhrer. CAPT . DAN CROWELL Although Germany claimed lo be unprepared for WW II she had trained sailors ROD FARB during peacetime in U-boat operations and began the war with only 57 U-boats . LES GLICK BRADLEY GOLDEN This wouldn't slop them . By the time the war ended Germany had built over l, l 00 PROF. HENRY KEATTS U-boals . These were responsible for sinking 148 Allied warships and 2,779 CAPT. HOWARD KLEIN RICHARD . KOHLER merchant ships a staggering total of over 14 million tons. JOZEF KOPPELMAN This issue of the Journal focuses on U-boals along the Eastern seaboard . CAPT . JOHN LACHENMEYER STEPHEN J. LOMBARDO, M.D. Unfortunately, noted author and historian Professor Honk Keatts' vacation caused WARREN MACKEY him lo be MIA from this issue. We do appreciate his and George Farr's work in PETE & JACKIE NAWROCKY JEFFREY RUDELL, MD Dive Into History : U-Boats, an invaluable reference in this issue and look forward BRADLEY SHEARD to future contributions . JEFFREY J. SILVERSTEIN Dan Berg writes about the most popular Northern sub, the U-853 . Resting in DARRYL STEINHAUSER 130 fsw off Block Island the 853 has been producing artifacts and bone-chilling

Sub Aqua JoumaJ welcomea unsolicited materi­ dives for over 25 years . Captain Dan Crowell, the Seeker's third diving captain, als, bolb written and photographic Submiuion.a tells us about the Mystery U-Boat found just a year ago off the coast of New Jersey. and queriea abould be accompanied by a aclf­ addresscd envelope to insure lbeir return . All Ironically it wasn't even identified as a German U-boat when again it took a life . material published is subject lo editing . Repro­ Barbara Lander heads out with the Clayton-Gentile team and discovers a World duction wilbout permission of lbe publisher is prohibited . Mail all editorial correspoodence and War I U-boat, possibly the U-) 40. There will always be pioneers to set the course photographs lo lbe editor . of history, Clayton and Gentile do it again . Barbara also profiles the first diver on

NOTICE: the Mystery U-boat, Captain . Warren Mackey is back with a review Diving is a potcnliallydangerouuctivity. Person.a of Operation Drumbeat, a book about the German war on American shipping by engaging in this activity should be certified by a reputable tnining agency. Once certified you Michael Gannon . should dive wilbin your lnining and penooaJ We also introduce Dr. Stephen Lombardo - avid wreck diver and instructor . limits. lo.formation published in the Sub Aqua JoumaJ is not a aubatitute for education or lnin­ Doc talks about carbon dioxide and the toxicity it can create . ing. Sub Aqua Jouma1 is not responsible or This issue also includes two important letters correcting us from the last issue, liable for lbe contents of any information or rec­ ommcodation.a published herein. a regulator review and a small tribute lo those unsung heroes, the dive mates .

SUBSCRIPTION RATES : Single copy $1.95 . Kirby's back and no lobster is safe, almost . Annual subscription $21.95. Subacriptionouuide As divers, the U-boat has provided us with an underwater array of thousands of U.S. add $10.00 po~e. Paid onlen U.S. fuoda only. Seod rcqueau lo the circulation de­ of . Yet the lives that were lost, the families torn apart and the atrocities partment. Postage paid al Garden City, NY of war should never be forgotten . For some these cruelties will re7n in 1rminds (permit no. 149). forever . We mustn't forget the U-boats either . ~ Entire co,ntents Copyright O 1992 by: SAJ Publiabing Inc. All righu reacrved . D. SiNe'h.tein, Editor

SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 2 WRECK VALLEY U-853The Tightrope Walker by Daniel Berg

The U-853, which had been nick­ named by her crew "Der Seiltaenger" (Tightrop e Walker), was a type IXC Ger­ man U-Boat. Commissioned on June 25, 1943, she was 251.9 feet long, 22. 5 feet wide and di placed 740 tons. On May 1, 1945, Hamburg radio an­ nounced that Adolf Hitl er was dead. Grand Admiral Karl D6nitz took over as Der Fuhrer and immediat ely began to arra nge a surr ender. On May 4, with World War II quickly comi ng to an end, Admiral D6nitz gave the follQ\lling order "All U-boats cease fire at once. Stop all hostile action agai11St allied shippin g. Donitz." We' re not sure if the U-853 received his transmission or simply refused to obey his orders. US Naval experts con­ sidered U-boat captai ns among the most fanatical members of the German military and predicted that some would continu e The gr im rema ins of wart ime captured by Brion Skerry . to fight despite D6nitz ' order. On May 5, the U-853, which had been prowling the waters northea st of Navy vessels headed for port with the years, none of which, to the best of Block Island, torpedoed and sank the brooms at masthead, the Navy 's symbol my knowledge, have been successful. coiler Black Point , killing twelve men. for a clean sweep . Today, the U-853 sits in 130 feet of Two minutes later, the SS Kamen , a On May 6, Navy divers from the water off Block Island . She is sitting Yugoslav freighter, radioed word of the vessel USS Penguin dove the 853 and upright and intact on a sand bottom . Her inking. Within an hour a US Navy Task attempted to penetrate the wreck to re­ hull still contains a variety of German ar­ , which was in the area , began cover records from the captain's safe. tifacts ranging from china, bottl es and huntin g the 853. These divers were using surface supplied gold rings to brass artifa cts. Penetration The USS Atherton found her within air and couldn't easily fit through the of the wreck is possible but should only three hours and the attack began. The tight hatches of the submarine . The next be attempted by experienced wreck di­ Navy used Hedg ehog s (rocket launched day, Ed Bockelman, the smallest diver on vers. projectil es), depth charg es, a total of the Penguin, volunteered himself for the Many divers choose to enter the three ships, and two blimps for the at­ task. He was accompanied by Command­ wreck thro ugh one of her deck hatches or tack. After an assault with depth charges, er George Albin . Bockelman was able to conning tower hatch. These circular various bits of debris floated to the sur­ squeere through the conning lower hatch, hatches are a little tight but it is possible face, including a pillQ\11, a life jacket and but the floating lifeless bodies of German for a diver to squeere through them. the U-boat captain' s hat. Thi s was only a crewmen blocked further penetration. Please remember that getting in is only trick. The Navy 's then caught the For years after her sinking, rumors half the battle, the real trick is getting ub moving east. spread that the U-853 had a cargo of trea­ back out. The 853 also has a hole in her Again and again , in a cat and mouse sure on board . One story claimed that hull both forward and aft of her game to the death, the Navy's sonar $500,000 in jewels and US currency were conning tower. would locate the U-boat and the attacks hidden in 88mm shell cases, sealed in Thro ugh these openings divers can would resume . The first attack had start­ wax . Another rumor was that $1,000,000 easi ly enter the wreck. As on mo t ed at 8:29 PM . The Navy continued its in mercury was hidden on board, sealed wrecks, any disturbance and the silt assault until 10:45 AM the next day when in stainless steel flasks. These rumors covered floor can reduce visibility. U-853 was declared officially dead. The have spurred many salvage attempts over contin ues o n page 5

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Wreck penetration is not somet hing you can learn from any book or article or even from years of open water experie nce. You must slowly approa ch it through adequate experience, training , equipment and a good mental attitude. [Evolution.] The following is an account from one of my earlier dives on the submarine. While diving with my partn er, Billy Campbell, we penetrated the hole ju st forward of the connin g tower. We swam forward room by room, carefully finger walking so as not to kick up any silt. Wbjle moving through a hatch betwee n the econd and thjrd room I found myself tuck. I tried moving forward but was restrained and when I tried lo back out I was still caught. ow thi was a little U-853's crew ond officers. Photo courtesy Fronk Persico collection . trange because the hatch was plenty big for one diver weari ng doubl es and a pony VISA Dan Berg's bottle, but nevertheless / was stuck . DIVE WRECK VALLEY VIDEO'S 1 was in 130 feet of water and three - rooms deep into a submarin e. I took a - • quick glance down and there in front of me were two shoes and two leg bones, one of the sad fatalities of the War. At that moment I thought I would , then l caught hold of myself and thought out Aqua ~lorer Productions the situation . PO BOX 116 EAST ROCKAWAY , NY 11518 Firs t 1 checked my air suppl y, it was fine. Next I started to feel for what had me snagged. Bill , who was behind me, saw I wa caught but couldn 't get close Call for our enough to help. 1 could feel that the snag FREE color catalog was on my left side and high up by my tanks. With one hand l felt around and found The New Jersey Council of Diving Clubs that one of my pressure gauge hoses had Sponsors the 1992 Contest with : caught onto a small pipe. By trying to move forward or backward it would not come free, but by simply leaning to my Dive New Jersey ... right it came loose. Thi s whole scenario happened and was resolved in less than And Beyond Symposium one minute. It had caused no panic and my air consumption was still normal. Bill and I turned around and explored more of November 1st, 1992 the wreck as we exited . Thi s time I was Ocean Place Hilton, Long Branch, NJ lucky. The U-853 is one of the most historic Limited to UNI Photographers from , Delaware , and interesting wrecks off Block Island. Maryland, New Jersey, New York and . She has something for everyone. Experi­ enced wreck divers can investigate deep into her interior for artifacts while novice • MACRO •Wide Angle divers can explore the beauty of the sub­ • Cold Water • Anywhere marine's exterior and her marine life way For Contest information Contact : Peggy Bowen 908-531 -9668 out on eastern Long Island in an area called Wreck Valley. For directions and information on the Symposium and Soecial Saturdav Workshoos Call: 201 -839-3849

SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER1992 • S FIRST WW I U-BOAT FOUND ? Story and Photograph by Barbara Lander

Years of research paid off for Ken (Not as risky as it sounds since he used identify the vessel. Even general identifi­ Clayton and as they de­ for on an air cation was a matter of speculation as the scended through 260 plus feet of water schedule .) trip ended ; the narcosis factor left the off of the Virginia Capes and the hulk of This was the first dive of an explora­ divers unsure of what they bad seen. a wreck appeared. They believe this tion trip planned by Clayton and Gentile. What was known for certain was that the wreck to be the V-140, an American The search area was within an area the vessel was large, the hatches were sealed, prize of war, scuttled after WW I. Navy used as its Southern Drill Grounds. and no one saw any breaks in the hull. Pandemonium reigned among the The numbers coincided with latitude­ The heavy, water-tight hatch construction experienced wreck explorers still on deck longitude information Clayton had indicated a sub, but was it American or when Clayton, the first to emerge after gleaned from the deck logs of navy de­ German? nearly two hours in the water, spit his stroyers involved in sinking WW I Ger­ A structure that appeared to be a regulator from his mouth to announce , man war vessels . hatch coaming protruding about three feet "It's a sub." He later confessed to cut­ Only one dive was made on the out of the pressure hull added to the ting his decompression a few minutes U-boat, with none of the thirteen divers mystery. American subs had coamings short so he would be the first to surface . finding anything that would positively that rose about eight feet over the hull; German U-boats appeared to have no coamings. LONGER and SAFER BOTTOM TIMES Clayton and Gentile knew the V-140 should have been at that location, but S The # 1 A DJ training and SafeA ir© refill facility what they saw during their dive didn't look like the many U-boat photographs the serious HI-TECH Training and Deep Rig ce nter they had studied. A sleepless night re­ Our gas blendin g sys tem prov ides any gas mix used for diving viewing pictures and materials collected a Safe A ir©- Air- Tri-Mix-H eliox-A rgon-Oxyge n in years of research lead them to indepen­ dently reach the conclusion this was Serious about technical di ving? Come talk and train w ith the experts indeed the V-140. The explorers theo­ island scuba centers rized that the outer hull and its adjoining •- catwalk had completely disintegrated, 74 Woodcleft Avenue Freeport NY 11520 leaving only the pressure hull with few • Voice 516-546-2030 - Fax 516-546-6010 identifying features. Careful evaluation of photographs led Clayton and Gentile to surmise that in this case the coaming was an elongated hatch . The extra length was THE HARVEY CHALLENGE needed to rise above the outer shell that made U-boats look boat-like. Are you good at catching lobsters? Harvey thinks he's the best! Another feature that aided the tenta­ tive identification was the sheer size of Here's the Challenge . You each show up on an Eastern Dive the wreck. None of the divers was able to Boat Assoc. vessel with $5,000 cash or certified check. The swim the U-boat from end to end. The V-140 was 311 feet long, had a senior mate will hold the booty . You get to pick the destination beam of 29 feet, a draft of more than 17 within recreational limits . A no-decompression schedule will be feet and a submerged displacement of planned. Whoever comes up with the most poundage of legal 2483 tons. This was huge compared to claw intact lobsters. wins $10,000. It's that easy. the U-boats of World War II; for in­ stance, a Type VIIB was about 90 feet Harvey is over fifty, at times a little plump and too vain to wear shorter with submerged displacement of correction lenses in his mask. Are you up to it? only 857 tons. During the next dive you can be sure that divers will be searching for four bow Call: HARVEY'S DIVING CENTER torpedo tubes and two more on the stem. 3179 Emmons Avenue - Sheepshead Bay Brooklyn, NY 11235 If they can gain entrance to the U-boat's (718) 743-0054 interior, they will be looking for a buil­ der's plaque dated 1918 inscribed •cenn• aniawe,ft of Kiel. • Little else would Serving the World's divers for over 30 years.

SUB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 6 U-boats sunk in American waters. Ac­ cording to naval records and photograph s of the sinkings, the UB-148 lies 600 yards south of the U-140; indeed , a yet unexplored mark on the depth finder exists in that spot. Clayton and Gentile have planned another expedition lo that site . The U-117 and the U-111 are also off the Virginia coast. The U-111 is believed to be in 1600 feet of water. (Too deep to dive?) The UB-88 rests in 300 feet of water off San Pedro, California and the UC-97 rests unfound in Lake Michigan in The Explorers - Bottom row , Alstoir Homilton ond Brad Sheord . Tap raw, Jan Hulbert , Harvey Storck, RickCulliton , water believed diveable . Gary Gennie , Brion Skerry, Ken Clayton , Gene Peterson , John Moyer , Bort Malo ne , Peter Feuerle and Borb Lander . After 71 years , U-140 is the first of remain in the U-140; it was stripped of these U-boats to be found. everything that could be of use or study value before the vessel was sunk. ~ WATERPROOF The U-140 was commissioned into TRUWEsT _ 2 Ply eoprene the German Navy March 28, 1918. It had Coated Nylon Shell only one war patrol, that to the American Inide P ocket coast. On that single patrol the U-140 flexed its offensive might by sending ThickLinin g ClearTo Zipper 30,594 tons , seven ships, to the bottom. After the war, the U-140 and five Outide P ockets other U-boats were awarded to the United LIFETIME GUARANTEE Over9" Deep States as prizes-of-war. They toured the 225Color Combo • 12 Styles • 10Size • Machine 2 WayYKK United States to promote the sale of Zipper Washable• Made in USA • 1..-0wCost Embroidery , Patche Victory Bonds and were scrutinized by A k your retailer scientists, engineers, and naval personn el. & MuchMore! For a FREEcolor brochure and a store about truWest The U-140 was also called the U­ locationin yo urarea, call toll-free: (800) 322-3669 Perfonnance Parkas Weddd ige11, after its first commander. It was in the first class of U-boats to be named. An ironic parallel can be drawn between the U-boat 's namesake and her Hands On Training demise. Kapitanleutnant Otto Weddigen , of U-9 fame , was among the first to Key West Diver is pleased demonstrate the power of the U-boat as to offer "hands on" an offensive weapon , hera lding a new era training programs for of naval strategy. Weddigen accomp­ lished this by sinking three British ar­ experienced North Atlantic mored cruisers in less than one hour . divers. Designed to improve According to Gary Gentil e's forth­ your and per­ coming book, The Ship wrecks of Virgi11- ia , the U-140 was one of eleven German formance. Lectures and warships to become embroiled in General dives are conducted by Capt. Billy Mitchell' s efforts to demonstrate the and staff at our efficacy of air power. The Dickerson (DD-157), took one hour and twenty-four Key West training facility. minut es to sink the U-140 with 39 shots, scoring 19 hits. This was a dismal show­ Training Schedule Other Events ing for the navy compared to the swift Sept . 28th - Oct . 5th Sept . 14th -15th dispatch of the U-117 by General Mitch­ Oct . 13th - 20th Mystery U-boat dive New Jersey ell' s bombers. The sinking of warships Dec. 7th - 16th Oct . 10-11 NAUI ICUE by aerial bombardment heralded a new " Safety" Work­ era of offensive strategy . The eventual Key West Diver Inc. shop with aquaCorps Journal. result was the creation of an independent U.S. Air Force. 1-800 87-DIVER The end result leaves six WW I era fax: 305 294-7612 Mile Murk er 4.5 Stock Island, Key West

SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEYfEMBER 1992 • 7 OPERATION DRUMBEAT: The Dramatic True Story of Germany's First U-boat Attacks Along the American Coast in World War II. By Michael Gannon . Harper and Row, l 990.

A book review by Warren Mackey Operation Paukenschlag (Drum­ beat ) was the code name for the first German assault on mari time com­ Don't get lost at sea; be found mercial traffic in the [North ] West­ with Dive•Alert, the surface ern Atlantic during World War IL signaling device that emits a loud German U-boats hunting from Nova blast heard up to a mile away . Quick disconnect fittings allow Scotia to Florida, in the Gulf of Mexi­ • easy integration with most power co, and th e Caribb ean du rin g the inflators and low pressure hoses. first six months of 1942 sent near ly Models now available for 400 ships and thousands of men to SeaOues AirSource and Davey Jones 's locker, threatening to Scubapro A.I.R.2 . • sever Britain's lifeline of troops and ldeations • BOO275 4332 206 281 0067• FAX206 285 6897 supplies . Operation Drumb eat inflict­ m~llerrU.S. Patent No . 4950107 ed far more damage to the United and foreign patents States and Allied war effort t han the Japanese wreaked at Pearl Harbor . The primary focus of Gannon 's latrocluaaga new line of book is an impeccably researched and affordabletonk valves for the well-written narrative on the two disuiminolingdiver . Convertible action-packed patrols of the German lo fit both DINand standard U-boat 123 that resulted in the sink­ yokestyle regulators . ing of eighteen Allied ships. And on • Single its commander, Reinhard Hardegen, who received Germany's highest war • SlingshotY decoration, the Knight's Cross. The • DoublesManifold U-123 was one of five U-boats which • IsolationManifold carried out the operation . Gannon recreates conversations and events that allegedly transpired among the Vo;co/Fax 914 45 7-1617 OCEANMANAGEMENT SYSTEMS participants , interweaving h istorical facts. Shouldn 't this be your next certification card? The book gives detailed accounts of U-boat equipment, operation and DIVE LONGER AND SAFER attacks, and personalizes the crew with who operated the U-123. The sink­ • 10 ings of the Coimbra and Varanger as SafeAir well as many other vessels are de­ Call ANDI for lh e name scribed in detail . The author's sourc­ and es are impressive . They include inter­ add ress of yo ur nearest views with Hardegen and other sur­ ANDI Certified Training Center 74 Woodcleft Avenu~ l-(516)-546-2026 and viving crew members, the U-123 war •'1-eeport NY I 1520 Fax 51 G-546-60 I 0 SafeAir ° Fill Sla tion diaries, former United States, Brit­ ish, and German military personnel and documents .

SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 8 The knew from If you're not diving with a DUI British intelligence that the U-boats CF200X, you may not be getting all were coming to America's East Coast but failed to act on the information. that has to offer. .. For months there were no convoys ; there were few patrols of To get the mo st out of your wrec k diving, pick the and airplanes; lights of coastal cities suit cho sen by mor e active wreck div rs than any continu ed to betray ships offshore; other, the DUI CF200X. This ru gged, crus hed neo­ departures , destinations, and cargo of pr ene suit is kno wn for its outstanding fit and tough merchant ships were announced over material. For mor e inform ation, see your dealer the radio. As a result, hundreds of ships for a 1992 ca ta log and a free and thousands of Allied lives were lost. The major flaw of the book relates to vid eo rental. Gannon's discussion of the Navy's pitiful response to the attack, which does not receive the attention it de­ serves. Th e author merely assigns blame, particularly toward Admiral D Earnest King, rather than exploring the Navy's poor performance and searching for answers. His conclusion seems judg­ mental. It is not mentioned that the Pacific war effort took valuable resourc­ the authority es from the defense of the East coast , on diving an d the author does not consider the time required to gear up defe nse in the 1148 Deleva n Dr. Western Atlantic. San Diego. CA 92 102 Now h ere in his work does Gannon Tel. (800 ) 325-8439 state that congressional budget alloca­ FAX (6 19) 237-0378 tio ns for substantial numbers of new ships did not come until 1938 and 1940. And he does not mention that the Navy did not have sole authority to oi der coastal municipalities to dim or turn out light s. Despite this shortcoming, Operation Drumbeat , like the German film Das Boot (The Boat ), will be of enormous int erest to U-boat buffs. © 1992 Diving Unlimited lntnl . ~.~~\\S1-I~~~· DIVE INC. & SafeAir© The Time Has Come ~ IJS1\ ANDI SafeAir© Enriched Air Education

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SUD AQUA JOUR AL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 9 ..,

Story and Sketch by Captain Dan Crowell

An expedition on September 2, 1991 aboard, the Seeker, left Manasquan inlet to examine one of thousands of lumps that litter the floor of the Atlantic along the East Coast. The boat pulled away from the dock at midnight for a five hour journey across open ocean to a point 65 miles off the New Jersey coast . The trip is an annual event set aside from the usual schedule to investi­ gate clues to a lump that may hold more promise of int erest than an old trash barge or pile of rocks. These

clues are usually obtained by trading locations with pull free of the wreckage. It was very fishermen , or dragger captains who wish to avoid these dark and visibility was only 10 to lumps so as not to lose their nets . 15 feet as he continued his sur- As Seeker neared its destination, Captain Bill vey. With light in hand Nagle - owner, operator of the boat- was called to the illuminating only a small wheelhouse. The sun had just risen into a clear sky and area John swam along what appeared to be the upp er th e seas were tolerable as he took over the helm . On edge of the hull. He recalls noticing the top of the hull appro ach to the coordinates Captain Bill slowed the curved inward to meet the deck area, unlike a ship , which engin es and began a search pattern. Within a few minutes would have a gunwale that protrudes above the main an erratic jump on the bottom recorder traced an outline deck. "Another barge," he thought to himself. of an object resting on the bottom . The signal was given Continuing he noticed a hatch and again it was to toss the grapnel off the bow. The anchorline jerked unlike one found on a ship or barge . This one was built to back as the grapnel clambered over the wreckage then withstand great pressure . Pictures started forming in fitched up securely, and the line was quickly tied off. John's mind as he surveyed the wreckage further. A high A glance at the depth sounder revealed deeper pressure cylinder and narrow beam were revealed while water than anticipated . Captain John Chatterton decided swimming up over the wreck. The answer was soon to tie in the anchorline and make a reconnaissance dive. unveiled. "It's a sub!" John excitedly looked for evidence He quickly geared up then flopped over the side of the to substantiate his discovery. Checking his gauges, the boat. Descending the anchorline, John reached the bottom bottom timer indicated the dive was over and John and quickly re-secured the grapnel so it couldn't reluctantly swam back to the anchorline.

UB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 10 As the weeks passed between trips much research was underway . This also proved fruitless as to t he origin of the wreck. No naval records showed the sinking of any submarine within hundreds of miles of the wreck's location . Though the records showed no sinkings they did , ~' <-·-~'' Ascendingtheanchorline, reveal the bombing of anything that even remotely , · '~ ·:' . John stopped at fifty feet to begin resembled a shadow below the surface of the water by \\- !-/ his lengthy decompression. As the naval and civil defenses . We theorized that in at least one ~ -'~~--~-"--_ ___ _. _ divers on board waited impatiently, diver case, this method to defend against a U-boat attack was ~ - · - Kevin Brennan noticed John's bubbles more than effective. Through conjecture, our opinion was .-:-- ·-·-:::-!~--- close to the surface near the anchorline formed that the wreck was of German origin. ,_...- indicating he was decompressing. Kevin decided The third trip was greatly rewarding . John _ . not to wait for John to surface . He donned his gear and Chatterton, Steve Gato and I all recovered artifacts that :_ ~ :. splashed into the water . Kevin figured John would would confirm the wreck as being German. I recovered ~ I"'- indicate whether or not there was anything of interest items from one of the survival canisters with operational before he made the descent . When Kevin reached the instructions written in German. Steve Gato recovered a anchorline John saw him and quickly scribbled something part of U.Z.O., a torpedo aiming device with the on his sla te. As Kevin made his descent, John held out his Kreigsmarine insignia stamped into it. John recovered slate : "SUB!" Kevin's eyes opened wide with excitement, china from deep inside the wreck. Not only did the china then he ascended to alert the others of their impending have the Kriegsmarine insignia but also the date, 1942 . dive. The remaining divers moved about in a frenzy to John's find narrowed the field of research considerably don their gear . Each exuberant to be one of the first to but the definitive answer to the mystery remained elusive . dive a virgin wreck. The excitement must have been too On the fourth and final trip of the 1991 season much that day for not one artifact was recovered to give many more artifacts were recovered . One in particular any clue of the wreck 's origin. may hold the key to unlock the mystery. A knife with a The next trip proved unproductive and ended in name crudely inscribed in the handle was recovered by tragedy . A diver [Steven Feldman,] for reasons unknown, Chatterton near the same area as the china . was rend ered unconscious and swept away in the . Though the wreck holds no real archeological He was not recovered until several months later, far from value or treasure . The thrill of discovery and exploration the wreck, by a commercial fisherman . Diver John Yurga is more than enough reward to justify the time, expense did recover the first artifacts that day but they added no and risk of those experienced and daring individuals immediat e evidence to the wreck's identity. willing to be part of the adventure.

SUB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 11 Open Jorum L.I. Sound DIVE Do you have somethi ng on your mind? What about a gripe or aboard Capt. Mike's difference of opinion? Maybe some infonnati on you would lil::c to correct us on? Send letters to the editor . Short and to the DEFIANCE point worl::s well here . It's your forum . Full Service HYPOTHERMIAORHYPERTHERMIA WHAT'S INA NAME? Year Round Instruction 5,000 PSI Air Fills Dear Joel : Dry Suit Specialists What a great issue the latest Sub Aqua Jour ­ City Island, NY nal on was! I really enjoyed every article , and read it cover-to -cover in one sitting. 212 885-1588 Made me want to explore deep diving . As presi­ dent of a diving club, [Rockland ,] I ap ­ preciate your emphasis on safety first, a them e throughout all issues of SAJ. One comment about Hillary Viders ' article on dehydration . The definition of "" was incorrect, and may be misleading to readers . The LIFEGUARD SYSTEMS definition given was that of hypertherm ia. Perhaps DIVE LEADERSHIP AND RESCUE TRAINING an erratum is necessary .

Renownedin over 12 countries, Team LGS is ledby Walt "Butch"Hendrick, Melissa L. Bogen Andrea Zaferes, Michael Emmermanand George Safirowski. Rescue I, 11,Ill • Field NeurologicalProgram • Dear Melissa, Oxygen Administration• You're right! We goofed and Hillary was kind InstructorPrep • enough to correct us too so I think we'll let her NAUI Instructor• explain where we erred . Our appologies to you BuoyancyControl • and especially to Hillary! PublicSafety Diver Programs • Rescue Equipmentfor Sale • Dear Joel : I've just perused the August issue of Sub Aqua For more information on LifeguardSystems · Training , Publications , Journal. I liked the overall presentation, and the Videos or Equipment , contact: way in which the deep diving theme was add­ Lifeguard Systems, P.O. Box 548, Hurley, NY 12443 ressed . 914 / 331-3383 However I was dismayed at the editorial mistakes in my article, Diving and Dehydration the Inside Story . .. You incorrectly mixed up hypother ­ mia with . My original material emphasized how dehydration predisposes a diver SNEAKBREATHE ... to both of these serious maladies . But in your THESMALL WONDER! rendition, hypothermia was incorr ectly defined as "heat stress," whe n in fact hypothermia is "cold stress," or a lowering of the body's core tempera­ ture below 95 degrees F.

Hillary Viders, Ph.D. -<111ds11 eak breathe- the new U.S. DIVERS M ICRA REGU LATOR visit your nearest Here are some other important corrections . au thorized U.S. Divers Pro Line dealer listed here. Last month's cover photo was shot by Barbara Lander. The d iver who was plunging into the deep blue sea was Captain Billy Deans. 'SWAY 596 Sunri se Highway DIVER Bayshore,NY 11706 516/665 -7990 f)IJ.S.Dl~IJJ!' The photograph on page 1 0 of the shuffle board court on the Andrea Doria was taken 220 feet below the surface by Brian Skerry.

SUB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 12 Captain John Chatterton by Barbara Lander "U-who." Hidden for almost 50 years by 230 feet of cold Atlantic water, it has defied every attempt at positive identifica­ tion . John has discovered artifacts that prove that the vessel is a WW ITU -boat, including dated china from inside the wreck . The [outer] configuration of the torpedo tube is also consistent with that of a Type IX U-boat. Dr . Dean Allard of the Naval Histori­ cal Center was not very interested when he first met with John about the U-boat. "We know what it is," Allard confidently stated. He explained that for national security reasons they maintain a complete list of all wreck in the coastal waters of the United States, so John could not see or copy them. But they compromised and allowed John a look at the list from the small area matching the latitude and longitud e of the U-boat. Allard was Captain John Chatterton is a profes­ amazed when his records showed no sional commercial hard-hat diver. He match for John's coordinates. works with supplied air on underwat er Chatterton has run into more than construction. "A commercial diver has to one dead-end in his research. A trip to be a ja ck-of-all-trad es." John is a classic. the U-boat Archives in Germany netted He began as a medic in the army and him the crew lists from many U-boats moved on to respiratory technician . Four and much other information that has been walls around him all day were driving useful and interesting, but not complete him crazy so he abandoned the medical to ID the U-who. field for construction. Later, while doing In a bizarre tum of events , he traced construction in Cape May, John asked a name inscribed on the handle of a himself, "Would I rather be working on recovered dinner knife to its still-living land or out there, on the water?" He owner. The ex-seaman explained that he abandoned construction for the high seas had lost the knife , had never been to and commercial fishing , later for com­ America, and was unable to provide any mercial diving. clues to the identity of the U-boat. Unlike many commercial divers, John Still John has tracked down his clues retains his love of fun diving. Weekends with the doggedness and professionalism find him exploring the wrecks off New of a detective . He has made about twenty Jersey. Allhough a sport diver since age trips to the U-505, a Type IX U-boat on 10, it was 12 years ago that he began display in Chicago's Museum of Science diving New Jersey wrecks serious ly. His and Industry. "I found the china about captain' s license was a result of his asso­ three feet from where it is [displayed] on ciation with Captain Bill Nagel, owner of the U-505." As he toured the 505, John the dive boat Seeker. He told John the made a list of about twenty details that captain's license was his ticket to the could positively identify the U-who, Doria , one of John's favorites wrecks. including the plaques on the [lower] John prefers his spot as the second torpedo tubes. captain on the Seeker to running his own Back in New Jersey, John carefully charters. He explains: "If I had to be the planned his penetration to the bow torpe­ guy in the wheelhouse, if I had to run the do room over the course of several dives . charter , that's real work and I can't go However, he finally arrived to find the diving . It's no fun. " two lower torpedo tubes corroded into One of John's biggest thrills was oblivion. The wreck remains the unidenti­ So simple its ingenious . being the first diver to explore a newly fied "U-who?" and Captain John Chattert­ discovered sub that he has dubbed the on's quest continues.

SUB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 13

-"-'-' ...__ ...,_ • f• - •, - L - - - 11 I Dive Mates The ForgottenHeroes DIVERS' by Joel Silverstein

RENDEZ - VOUS Have you ever taken a class of thirty cards, and collecting boat fees. This mate 79-07 Grand Avenue wide-eyed, excited, inquisitive, preco­ may also be who will release cious and sometimes nasty children on a the anchor after aJI divers are onboard. Elmhurst, NY 11373 field trip? Well if you have or have heard Often this mate will also be a certified a story about one of these trips you'll get dive master who can sign off your log what I mean. book when your diving day is done. Back in 1989 l was mating on a char­ You may be saying , "That's not so ter boat out of Key West. On any given hard , " and on some days it's not, it's day we would have divers with and with­ even a lot of fun. Just keep in mind those out all kinds of experience. Some scenes days when it's rough for you, but not for would range from not knowing how to set others , the mates work then too. What up gear to not knowing how to swim. the mate also does is observe. These were the days of rescue practice. They are constantly looking around at On occasion I have crewed on a very every diver to be sure that any accident busy North Atlantic dive boat. Here the they can predict can be prevented . A routine is much different. They don't take simple thing like a twisted hose they help Scuba Instruction divers on tours or hold their hands un­ you with while dressing or reminding you Equipment derwater. What they do is make pre- and to tum on your air makes all the differ­ post-dive safety a priority. ence. Even helping you on with your The life of a North Atlantic mate is gloves. The dive mate has to be a jack of Sales • Service • Rental not as easy as you may think . Sure, they all trades, able to fix gear, console the (718) 478-4097 get to go diving most of the time, and new diver, and make your day as safe as yes, many of them get to go on the possible on the boat. That's what they do. choice trips. But they pay a price for the The dive mate is your buddy on deck. privilege of serving. Earlier this year the Sub Aqua Jour­ First off, dive mates rarely get paid nal sponsored a training program for by the captain. Working on an exchange over 60 mates and captains in oxygen WANT TO TEACH - they work, they dive, (usually onJy administration and medic train­ one dive a trip), a simple arrangement. ing, by Lifeguard Systems . When there SCUBADIVING? They must have their own gear, including is an accident they are prepared to help If you really want to tanks, timers, safety equipment, they you. On occasion they even put their teach the even buy their own air. safety in jeopardy . When a diver gets lost right way. .. smart So what does the mate do besides or is having trouble they are there to thinking would be to dive? Many boats will have several mates assist. take your instructor (four is common) each having a certain After the day is over and you' re on responsibility. your way home, the mates stay at the training under the same There is the tie-in 11llite. He or she dock for a few hours. They clean the conditions and the same will tie the anchor into the wreck so the boat, replenish the water tanks, recoil the environment as you boat doesn't break away while you are lines and make sure they are in good intend to teach in. diving. This is a physically challenging condition, and prepare the boat for the task. Often the anchor doesn't snag into next trip. While the tips are being shared SCUBAINSTRUCTOR the wreck where you want it so it has to (it has become common place to tip males be moved. Have you ever tried to carry in appreciation for their work) , the cap­ DIVERETAl MANAGEMENT twenty-five pounds of anything at 100 tain wiJI discuss whatever problems the Courses Custom Fit fsw with 150 feet of anchorline attached? diver s had that day and what everyone To Your Schedule The tie-in mate does that. learned from the trip. Preparation for the Next there are the deck mates. They next run - a floating classroom. prepare and handle the anchor and buoy Dive mates can be paralleled with lines . Once the anchor is in, they secure volunteer fire fighters. They take their ladders and other safety gear and prepare jobs serio usly, they do it freely and they INTERNATIONA L the boat as a diving platform . Once "the love it. The next time you think the mates ProfessionalDiving Instructors Corp. P.QBox 3633 . Scranton. PA18505 ocean is open" they help divers dress and are just having fun, remember that in a (717) 342-9434 or 342-1480 enter the water. moment's notice they are on the job for A fourth mate will be in charge of you. Hug a mate, the next time you see signing in divers, checking certification one!

S ll AQUA JOUR AL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 14 sure and six low pressure ports , allowing OCEAN EDGE infinite hose positioning . Made of 6700XT REGULATOR chrome-plated marine brass, this unit is built to take a beating . The 6700 comes A GREATRECREATIONAL REGULATOR with a yoke mount plus there is a DIN adapter available making it even more versatile. A product review by Joel Silverstein The first stage was designed lo meet all Navy specifications as a Class A So what's new about another regula­ regulator, delivering a high volume of air tor? First off this one is not finicky. The at any depth . Its technical performance second stage is made of high impact, has been certified by Reimers Engineer­ lightweight plastic . The lightweight mate­ ing (a leading independent testing labo­ rial allows the regulator to rest comfort­ ratory) . ably in your mouth with no jaw fatigue even after repeated use. Unique to the We used the 6700 in both shallow second stage design is the interesting and deep water (to l 56 fsw) without any oval purge button . Even with the thickest trouble . The unit was reliable and we EVENTS CALENDAR of gloves access was extremely easy. wouldn't hesitate to use ii on any recre­ ational dive . However , as I have men­ SEPTEMBER Another good feature of the 6700 is the Adjustable/Balanced second stage . tioned before, no regulator is perfect 16 Staten Island Spo,t Divers Adjusting the second stage allows the right out of the box . These units, like Caploin B~ty Deans most , are manufactur ed by machine so Deep Water Exploration, diver lo control the inhalation resistance Mixed Gas Diving and Logis­ while diving . I like my regulator to be its a good idea to have it tweaked by a tics. A presentation by 'Mr. adjusted so that it almost free flows on good service technician before use. Deep ' not to be missed . the surface; the dial feature allows me to The 6700 Adjustable Balanced Sec­ Contact: Staten Island Spo,t ond Stage with the Balanced Piston First Divers control that free flow while entering and P.O _ &it 140439 exiting the water . stage should provide years of depend ­ Staten Island, NY 10314 The first stage boasts two high pres - able use and enjoyment . 718/984 -3819

OCTOBER

9 - 11 NAUt IQ 92 The International Conference DIVE WITH CONFIDENCE on Underwater Educat ion has been called 'The preeminent The QO forum for diving educators .' The IQ is panels, speakers, Enchanted Diver Inc. workshops, and exhibitions on Th e Com p 1 e l c HIGH-TECK S. C. U. B. A. r, a c i Ii l y some of the mos1 critical sub ­ jecis in diving today . This FOR THE ADV AN CED & HIGH-TECH DIVER: year's location , PA. • Air/Nitrox!TriMix/ Fill to 5000p i • I 00 % Oxy gen • Contact: NAUt 714/621 -5801 • Argon Fill s • Advanced & High-Tech Eq uipment • • Equipment Rep airs • Dry Suit Repairs • NOVEMBER •Equipment Modific ation • Dive NewJersey ... AndBeyond ADVANCED TRAINING IN: The 16th Annual Symposium will feature Films, Exhibits, • Enriched Air Nitrox • Tri Mix • Wreck/Deep Diving • Prizes. A great place to meet SPECIAL TY EQUIPMENT grea t divers. Ocean Place Hilton, Long • 0 2 Analyzers • 0 2 Boo ter Pump • Branch, NJ, 9 AM - 6 PM. • AGA Div ator® MK II Masks • EX O Mask • Tickets al door . • U/W Communication s • Custom Valves • DECEMBER NEW HIGH VOLUME TANKS For Sales & Service Contact Bob Raimo at: 5 & 6 Emergency Oxygen & Dive Acx:ident Manoge,_,,t Worbhop . (718)470-6858 Bergen County EMS Training 259-19 Hillside Ave., Floral Park, N.Y. 11004 Center, Paramus, NJ Contact: HillaryViders at On the Queens/Nassau Border, Easy Parking 201/569 - 1605

SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER1992 • 15 ------Carbon Dioxide Toxicity by Stephen J. Lombardo, M.D.

Recently we have been hearing more anxiety (4 to 6 %) and move on to loss of

Waterproof to 300 ft. Small, lightweight and about carbon dioxide (COi.). Once consciousness (15 to 20%) and ultimately very powerful. 5 to 70 watts of halogen light. thought to be no more than a lowly by­ convulsions beyond 20 %. Rechargeable nicad battery packs . Helmet or product of , it has now If CO builds up for any reason , our headband mounted for truly 'hands free' light 2 wherever you look . achieved the status rivaling the Grim bodies are automatically stimulated to Reaper himself , for reasons that we will involuntarily breath e faster. This response UNDERWATERPHOTOGRAPHY • CAVING explore. First, a little background . is lo try to regain our disrupted acid-base COMMERCIALDIVING • SPORTDIVING Table I compares volumes percent of balance. Hyperventilation of this kind can WRECKDIVING • SEARCH& RESCUE the major players in inspired versus have profound implications at depth, not WORKLIGHT • SPORTLIGHT expired air. Note the dramati c, ninety only because of a limited air supply, but

fold change in CO2 from inhalation to also due to thermal and hydrational con- "'-· - -• e xhalation s id era tion s . ~~t~\...... ~~~~,. ------even at rest. Add to this the Light Systems Consider how potential for Table I . . th e CO 2 1ncreas1ng "TIiemoat IIOWll'IU~moat Vll'lltile could build nitrog en narco­ ELEMENT INSPIRED EXPIRED bndlamp 1y1tem1la tbe world!" up 1 n a sis as divers closed space N2 78.02% 74 .5% begin to see 8151Balboa Avenue. Son Diego,CA 92111 with poor or and hear them­ 619-268-9316 absent venti­ 0 2 20 .84% 15.7% seves breathing

800-466-8366 lation, as in a H20 .050% 6.2% like a freight submarine train . Furth er­ co, 0.04% 3.6% trapped at the more, a severe bottom. What throbbing THE we know frontal head­ today about ache can result CO toxicity has been gleaned from expe­ from dilation of blood vessels in the SCUBA 2 riences i.n underwater habitats, diving brain. Finally, increased CO2 has been bells, submersibles, recompression cham­ shown to potentiate that SHOPPE bers and closed circuit systems. Recre­ is always a consideration with any exotic Suffolk County's Oldest ational is designed to mixtures and/or deeper dives. PAD/ 5 Star Facility minimize "" allowing as little What causes carbon dioxide to accu­

CO2 as possible to be rebreathed. mulate? The reasons can be divided into Apollo Since carbon dioxide is a by-product of the acute and the chronic. An acute cause normal , our bodies are accus­ of CO2 buildup could be exertional, Ocean Edge tomed to dealing with it at the surface, perhaps born of a desire to swim the DUI Drysuits where its is approximately entire length of a wreck against a current Henderson 0.05 %. Empirically , the maximum allow­ or to engage in prolonged battle with a able CO has been found to be l % sur­ 2 large lobster. Another exertional cause face equivalent. A simple formula relates might be a regulator that required too Oceanic surface equivalent to depth through much effort for inhalation or exhalation , Sherwood ATAs. or both . Some regulators that are fine for To find the surface equivalent of air at shallow dives require herculean lungs at New Location 250 feet (8.57 ATA), multiply 0.05% by greater depths. 1870 C 8.57 ATA to get 0.43 % S.E ., welI within Chronic exposure to elevated levels of acceptable limits. This is, of course, at CO usually is the result of a pulmonary Route 112 Medford, NY 2 rest with a well tuned regulator appropri­ disease, such as emphysema or asthma. 516 ate for the depth of 250 feet. Since conditions such as these are con­ Table IT illustrates human responses to traindications to diving, the afflicted are 289-5555 elevated levels of carbon dioxide. The characteristically either unaware or un­ effects start with difficult breathing and concerned . However, since their CO2

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SUB AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 17 ADVERTISE IN THE KIRBY'SKORNER SUB AQUA JOURNAL An Evening of Adventur e CALL: JIM CLEARY TheJones BeachJetty (516) 889-1208 by Kirby Kurkomelis

David Tilzer We bad just filled up our gas tank at the sand bottom close to the rocks, my Kc1thyYoung Scotty's Bait and Tackle. Heading on our light started to make new friends. There way through Reynolds Channel to Jones was my first lobster, feeding on a broken - .... -... - Inlet a few minutes away , the weather clam shell. Like lightening he was gone was perfect for a night dive. A cool - into my bug bag. 1(-D AQUA TRAX ,nc breeze felt refreshing, it blew the smell I spotted a four-eye butterfly fish Dive Travel Consultants of gas behind the boat. The channel was chasing brine shrimp across a piece of Scuba lnstrucuon busy with boats , some fishing others white coral, unaffected by my presence. enjoying the hot summer night. Out of the comer of my eye Don grabbed In the distance a tar making its way another lobster. [Proving once again, through the reddest blue sky seemed lost. Don 's hand is faster than the eye, we 201-915-1535 Sea gulls were standing guard on their never saw him bag the first!] The current pilings, waiting for a handout from a started to move but we had another 25 friendly fi herman. On shore a tired minutes of slack . sailor folded his gill net, probably think­ Along the bottom there are small ing about tomorrow's catch. Looking rocks and some pieces of broken metal Undersea down at the water it was a dark clear for lobsters to make their home. Plenty Odyssey, LTD blue with jellyfish dancing across our of blue claw crabs to fill up any dish, hull. Ahead the inlet. reaching out in defense of their territory. "The Educators" The Jones Beach Jetty, New York: a I heard some rumbling sounds on the Becomea Safe,Confident. Jong rock jetty that extends from the surface. Just then another lobster dashes andCompetent Ocean Diver shoreline south at a 90 degree angle. Its for cover inside a cave next to a rather purpose: to stop erosion of the beach and large eel looking quite ominous. (I'll save Safety and Education to protect Jones Inlet from filling up with this one for Don.) are part of the Adventure sand. During storms the inlet can be very Seaweed gently fanning the rocks to dangerous . Large rogue waves come out keep unwanted visitors from ruffing the of nowhere along with a fast current. covers of mussel beds as my gauges get 516 466-9068 The Jones Beach Jetty is a fabulous tangled up in monofilament. Large black­ living with all types of marine life. fish sleeping between the rocks, I swam With plenty of 10-pound blackfish to over keeping their secret. My spear was Dive Deep Safely scurry in and out of the submerged rocks, on the boat. with the monster stripers that travel between the With 25 minutes into our dive and 8 "King of the Deep" jetty and the Tea Wreck, a few choice lobsters between us, the urge had gotten lobsters waiting for my light to entice very strong pushing us into the rocks. It Capt. Steve Bielenda's them out of their holes . felt like the waves on the surface had Moving south inside the inlet, we picked up too. At 15 fsw we saw small PROGRESSIVE talked about our dive plan . fish being tossed about, crabs scurrying ADAPTATION I started to double check some of our for cover, seaweed tom from the bottom. equipment. Extra line, back­ It was getting time to head back to the 4 Tier 8 Di e up lights, chemical sticks and of course boat. Progre i e Education 100 my bug bag. We broke the surface am.id crashing Program Aboard Navigating in as close as we dare to waves. The current throwing us into the the R/V Wahoo the jetty, our eyes watched for rogue rocks- not the place to be during a Learn the techniques waves that could capsize our boat. Once storm- then pushing us along the jetty used by the nation ' s Don set the hook our fears were gone. towards the boat. A bright light swayed top diver whil e divin g As an added precaution our friend Mike in the distance, Mike had not fallen a the beautifu l wreck would keep the boat lights on until we sleep. Thunder and lightening from the of Long Island. returned. sky, rain bouncing off the water. The sun disappeared over the hori­ Mike stood fast, unfaz.ed by the For information and zon. We were gone. The water was clear weather, flashing the way home with his Registration call: with a hint of blue. My light was getting light. Once in the boat , engine running , 516 / 928-3849 attacked by spearing. Swimming along "Let's get and have dinner. .. •

S B AQUA JOURNAL• SEPTEMBER 1992 • 18 DIVE BOAT SCHEDULES

7 Iberia Sopl 5 Pipe Borge Oct 4 USS Son Diego CALIFORNIA NEWJERSEY 12 Stolt Dogoli 6 Sandy Hook 11 Hjlton Castle 13 USS Son Diego 12 Petlond Fi~h 12 USS Son Diego Amer ica II 19 Toronlulo 13 RC Mohawlc 18 Fron S Capt . Rich Ca...,ns Blue Fathoms • 20 Iber ia 19 Mistletoe 25 USS Son Diogo (619) 584 -0742 Capt . Tony Oonelz 26 U£5 Son Diego 20 Brirish Korvett e 27 LizzieD 26 Lizzie D • San Diego (908) 369 -2260 Wahoo 27 Fron S Doily , Weekends & Evenings Capt . Stove Bielendo Oct 3 Yankee Paint Plesant CONNECTICUT 4 USS Son Diego Oct 3 Engine Wreck Capt. Janet Bieser • 10 RC Mohowlc 4 Relief Ship (516) 928 -3849 Deep Adventures Ill 11 Iberia 10 Mistletoe Coptree Orb it Diver 11* Capt. John Larsen 17 U£5 Son Diego 11 Iberia Capt. Noel Voroba (908)270 -8888 18 Lizzie D 17 RC Mohowlc Sopl 2 U-B53 (302) 333 -DIVE Weekend & Night Dives 24 Stolt Dogoli 18 British Korvono 3 U-B53 4 USS Bass Bridgeport 78 ' A/C and Heat 25 USS Son Diego 24 Lizzie D 31 RC Mohowlc 25 Roleil Ship 5 3-doy Block Island Point Pleasant 6 USS Bass, U-B53 FLORIDAKEYS Jeanne II • Sea Hawk • 7 Grecion & Morel Porthole· 9 USS Son Diego Capt . Bill Redden Copt. 's Fronk Persico Capt. Duane Clouse 12 USS Son Diego (718) 332-9574 & John Lochenmeyer Key West Diver· (908) 985 -4887 13 USS Son Diego Brooklyn (71 8) 279 - 1345 Copt. Bill Deons Wednesday Nile Dives 16 U£5 Son Diego Coll fo r aft ernoo n and Nit e di ves. Freeport 19 U£5 Son Diego ' High Tech' Dive Center Manasquan Inlet , 6 Pac 20 Oregon (800) 873 -4837 Sopl 2 Local Lobster Sopl 2 USSAlgol 23 U£5 Son Diego Key West Pipe Borge Sea Lion · 5 5 Yankee 26 Tarantula & Kenosha 6 Mystery Wreck Capt. George Hoffman 6 Iberia 27 USS Son Diego 7 USS Algol Looker Diving Capt. Kevin Brennon 7 RC Mohowlc 30 USS Son Diego 9 Local Lobster Capt. nm Taylar (908) 528 -6298 9 USS Son Diego 13 lmmoc ulolo 16 RC Mohowlc Daily Gull Wreck Charters Weekday Nil e & Weekend Oct 4 Oregon 16 Local Lobster 19 U£5 Son Diego (800) 245 -2249 Brielle 10 USS Son Diego 19 Lizzie D 26 Ambrose Lightship Key West 11 U£5 Son Diego 20 Pilot Ship 17 USS Son Diego Venture 111* 26 Iberia Oct 3 RC Mohowlc 18 U£5 Son Diego 27 Cindy MASSACHUsms Capt . Poul Hepler 4 Macedonio 24 USS Son Diego (908) 928 -4519 10 Co pt. Cho ice 25 Oregon Oct 3 Steamship . Shark River Inlet 17 Capt. Choice 31 Oregon Grey Eagle 4 RC Mohowlc 18 Iberia Capt. Erik Takakijan 10 Pinlo 24 RC Mohowlc Yarmouthport NEWYORK 11 Keogon 25 G&D 11 Turner (508) 362 -6501 NORTHCAROLINA 17 Liu ie D • Bourne Mor ino Apache · Shearwater II 18 Bold Eagle Capt. Dom Cerbone Capt . Jim McKay 24 Asfolto Scpl I U£5 Bass Cap t. Tom Conlon Margie 11* (212) 885 -0843 25 Harvey's Woody 2 U-B53 Capt . Art Kirchner City Island 31 Coploins Choi ce (516) 242 -0529 3 U-B53 Fishing & Diving Charters (919) 986 -2835 4 U-B53 Defiance * • Coplree Cope Hott,,ros 5 U-B53 Northern Star Capt . Mike Carew 6 U-B53 Capt . Poul Pellegrino • (212) 885 - 1 588 Southern Cross Scuba South I & II 7 U-B53 (51 6) 366 -4 231 Dive the L.1.Sound Capt. Phil Galletta Capt . Wayne Strickland B USS Bass Coptree 9 U-853 City Island (5 16) 587 -3625 (919) 457 -5201 13 Cowin • Babylo n Year Round Diving 18 Lobster Dive Eagle 's Nest· Rebel Southport 19 Mars Comm emo rat ive Capt. Pot OeFeis 5 Capt . Howard Klein Sepl Reggie 20 Mars Comm emo rat ive Capt . Bill OeCoursey 7 U£5 Son Diego (516) 735 -2254 26 Por1 Hunt er Expeditio n (718) 897 -2885 12 Kenosha Call For Reservations Point Lookout 27 Cow,n & Yankee Brooklyn 13 Lizzie D Certification Cards 30 Cowin& Yankee 20 Fron S Sopl 5 Atundo Two Trips Each Doy 27 USS Son Diego Required Oct 3 Cow,n & Cowin 6 USS Son D, o 4 Yankee & Yankee 9 Calherinc N'ioric II End1co1 Subscribe to the SUB AQUA JOURNAL 16 June K I 7 Corhc rinc Morie Please ent er my subscription for D 1 YR. $21 .95 or D 2 YRS. $34.95 18 Plane & To,get Ship 24 Cowin & Yankee Send check or mon ey ord er to th e 25 Cowin & Cowin Sub Aqua Journal 750 West Broadwa y, Long Beach , NY 1156 1 Scuba Charters • Capt. Butch Amaral Name Taunton ------(508) 822 -5639 Sub Specialis t, 6 Pac Phone( )______Address ______

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. MEMBER EASTERN DIVE BOAT ASSOCIATION SUB AQUA JOURNAL • SEPTEMBER 1992 • 19 LOCAL HEROES: August 1992

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Oregon Overnighter aboard the RIV Wahoo .

Captain Mike end his group shore o doy on the AJgoJ oboord Captain Bill Reddon' s red white and blue - Jeanne II.

-­Dr. Pepe and Dick Long of DUI go diving on Los Captain Rich Cassens Coronodos Island, Mexico .

Will Mc Beth ond the new transom door of the RIV Wahoo . Nice go in' Will he ever live this one down?

They even read the Journal in Colilomio aboard Cap t. Rich Cassens' America II Dove Reiger on the Oregon . Mike Harbater ready to jump in.

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