FITTINGS FOR TUNNEL SEGMENTS T00 FITTINGSFITTINGS FORFOR TUNNELTUNNEL SEGMENTSSEGMENTS INTRODUCTION

Excavation with Tunnel Boring Machines requires main lining with prefabricated precast concrete segments. In more than 30-years tunnelling activity world-wide, FIP Industriale has gained extensive experience in the design and manufacture of fittings for lining segments as well as a thorough knowledge of related site activities. Continuous research and innovation ensure the development of new products. Severe tests simulating site conditions are performed both at FIP Industriale and independent laboratories.

BIBLOCK CIRCUMFERENTIAL CONNECTION

Biblock Systems are circumferential connectors, that can be designed for any kind of tunnel dimensions. The main advantages are: • cost saving per mould/ring; • quicker segment installation; • safer site conditions; • less personnel needed at the tunnel front; • better segment alignment; • smoother inner tunnel surface; • lower water friction in hydraulic tunnels; • dielectric isolation along the tunnel lining. Biblock 84-46-274 is the latest and most popular version. Designed to ensure a very high shear and pull-out resistance, it is composed of 2 sockets + 1 pin + 1 centering ring. The shear capacity is guaranteed by the centering ring, while the pull-out resistance depends on the pin/socket interaction. Different types of Biblock System are available, whose main characteristics are: • shear capacity: from 60 kN up to 450 kN • pull-out capacity: from 30 kN up to 200 kN

BOLT CONNECTION

FIP Industriale also supplies different types of bolts and relevant plastic sockets, as part of the connection between segments. SEALING GASKETS

The sealing gaskets are necessary to make the tunnel waterproof. Almost 15 million metres of gaskets supplied prove the experience of FIP Industriale. Gaskets are made of all the most commonly used materials (especially EPDM) and can meet the most demanding requirements. FIP Industriale supplies gaskets with rubber hardness from 40 up to 80 IRHD. Hydrophi- lic gaskets are also available. The gaskets can be supplied as continuously extruded profiles or in frames with 4 or 6 corners moulded to the profile in compliance with the project requirements. The profile of the gasket, the type of rubber and its physical and mechani- cal characteristics are specified at the design stage based on the service conditions. FIP Industriale’s gaskets: • are easy to install • guarantee a proper watertightness of the tunnel lining • can be designed to meet the tunnel size • have a high durability • can be provided with a suitable adhesive

GUIDING RODS

Different sizes of guiding rods ensure an accurate alignment between the segments and increase the shear resistance during the assembling of each ring. Suitable adhesive can also be supplied.

PACKERS

Packers are load spreading pads that protect the segments during installation. These pads are made either of elastomerised bitumen with the addition of SBS rubbers, or of glass fibre reinforced polyester. Suitable adhesive can also be supplied.

INJECTION, LIFTING INSERTS AND OTHER PRODUCTS

The tunnel construction process sometimes requires plastic inserts of various purposes. FIP Industriale offers inserts for segment lifting, grout injection and rail fixing. FEB 2012

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