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WE ALL NEED TO GET AGILE - OR ARE WE ALREADY?

Prof. Dr. Andreas Spillner (i.R.) German Testing Board & Hochschule

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. & 07. May 2019

7.5.2019 PRELIMINARY REMARK

➤ »Not only are there no silver bullets now in view, the very nature of software makes it unlikely that there will be any.« F. Brooks: No Silver Bullet—Essence and accident in software engineering (1986)

➤ Problems in 1986: 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart Complexity, Conformity, Changeability, Invisibility

➤ Tom DeMarco, Timothy Lister (1987): Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams ➤ It depends on the people

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart PRELIMINARY REMARK

➤ »Not only are there no silver bullets now in view, the very nature of software makes it unlikely that there will be any.« F. Brooks: No Silver Bullet—Essence and accident in software engineering (1986)

➤ Problems in 1986: 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart Complexity, Conformity, It depends Changeability, Invisibility on the people

➤ Tom DeMarco, Timothy Lister (1987): Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams ➤ It depends on the people

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart PREFACE

➤ No progress in software engineering since 1987? ➤ There has been much progress, but problems have also increased. ➤ Problems 10 years back could be solved well today.5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ But nobody doesn't need it any more!

4 https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/so/2017/03/mso2017030033/13rRUwInvd6

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart MANIFESTO FOR AGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT - 2000

instead of — 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07.instead Mai 2019 | ofStuttgart — instead of

instead— of — https://agilemanifesto.org/

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart SCRUM

➤ Teams has from three to nine members who carry out all tasks required to build the product increments 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ Timeboxed iterations ➤ Daily scrum ➤ Potentially releaseable increment ➤ Sprint review &

sprint retrospective 6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)#/media/File:Scrum_Framework.png

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart KANBAN BOARD (TOOL)

➤ To manage work by balancing ➤ Work items are visualized to give participants a view of progress and process,

from start to finish 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ Usually via a Kanban board ➤ Work is pulled as capacity permits, rather than work being pushed into the process when requested https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban_(development)#/media/File:Kanban_board_example.jpg 7

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart ADOPTING AGILE

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart AGILE DEVELOPMENT IN (D-A-CH)

How do you classify your process model in software development, rather than … (in %)

phase-oriented / plan-oriented process-model

600 survey participants agile process-model from Germany, 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart and Switzerland. More than one third from no explicit process-model at all the automotive industry

operative Management total

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart AGILE DEVELOPMENT IN GERMANY (D-A-CH)

How do you classify your process model in software development, rather than … (in %)

phase-oriented / plan-oriented process-model

agile process-model 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

no explicit process-model at all

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2017-18

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1.660 CIOs and senior technology professionals 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart in 32 different countries

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2017-18

➤ 99% of respondents, face some kind challenges with testing in agile development ➤ Difficulty in reusing or repeating tests across 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart agile sprints or iterations ➤ Automation of testing and test environments will help

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2017-18

➤ Turning towards agile methodologies to improve time-to-market, competitive advantages, and efficiency ➤ 96% have adopts agile 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart methodologies for at least some of their projects ➤ Hybrid agile framework is the new norm ➤ Combination of SAFe, Scrum, Kanban, XP, DSDM, and waterfall models in varying combinations 13

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2017-18

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5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2017-18

➤ v

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

➤ v

1.700 CIOs and senior technology professionals 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart in 32 different countries

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

➤ Fragmentation of the QA and testing department ➤ QA is delegated to individual project teams

➤ This … can create inefficiencies5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart or lead to sub-optimal choices ➤ To avoid this, many organizations are retaining a thin layer of centralization known as the community of QA practice or Test Excellence Center 18

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

➤ Thus, today, everyone has a role to play when it comes to QA and testing. ➤ … there is a further need for much more specialised skills in test teams.

➤ 30% of respondents stated5. Vectorthat Testing they Symposium need | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart more functional automation expertise ➤ Unless organizations take active steps to retrain their employees and develop these skills, this could soon emerge as a critical bottleneck holding back the progress of the QA and testing function. 19

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

21 https://www.capgemini.com/service/world-quality-report-2018-19/ 5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WORLD QUALITY REPORT 2018-19

Trends in Automotive ➤ 53% not enough time to test ➤ 36% not the right tool to test ➤ 33% don’t have the right testing process 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart or method ➤ … the level of automation for QA and testing remain low ➤ … found it difficult to automate as their application changes every release

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT ARE THE PREREQUISITES FOR BECOMING AGILE?

➤ The product to be developed must be suitable for agility ➤ To develop incrementally and in short iterations ➤ An open corporate culture – open mind set – must be in place ➤ People must be willing to change 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ Management must delegate responsibility to the teams ➤ Team members must assume responsibility - especially for quality ➤ Cross-functional teams must be formed ➤ Team members need to take on a wider range of tasks

‣ Not everyone will be able to make peace with these changes! 23

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT CHANGES IN THE (TEST) PROCESS/MANAGEMENT, IN THE (TEST) TASKS?

➤ Control of the achieved quality remains the task of the test ➤ Early analysis of requirements and quick feedback on implementation ➤ Continuous and automated testing

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ Test environment, test data management and test automation remain tasks of test management (general orientation) ➤ Comprehensive test tasks – such as security testing or usability testing – must be planned by test management (additional sprint?)

‣ Management sets the guidelines, the team implements the tasks! 24

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT CHANGES IN THE (TEST) PROCESS, IN THE (TEST) TASKS?

➤ Different integration of the test tasks (specification, realization, execution, evaluation)

Sprint Testing Sprint Testing Sprint Testing »Little Waterfall«

Tes Tes Tes Tes Tes Tes Tes Tes Tes ting Sprintting ting ting Sprintting ting ting Sprintting ting much better - quick feedback 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

Sprint Sprint Sprint best - integrated testing Testing Testing Testing

Sprint Sprint IntegrationSprint / System special testing sprint Testing Testing Testing

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT CHANGES FOR THE TESTER?

➤ Key Recommendations Building up the required QA skills 1. Agile test specialist who have functional automation skills and domain testing skills 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart 2. Software Development Engineers for Test skills (SDET) must have advanced automation skills, white box testing capabilities, … 3. QA skill sets such as security, non-functional testing, test environments and

data management skills 26

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart BENEFITS OF ADOPTING AGILE

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

http://stateofagile.versionone.com/ 27

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES?

➤ Lack of management support ➤ Giving agile teams the freedom and structures they need to organize themselves ➤ Incompatibility of corporate culture with agile principles ➤ Agile working explicitly allows development teams to make mistakes 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart in order to learn from them ➤ Lack of experience

‣ Agile practices do not protect against errors!

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart TOP 5 TIPS FOR SUCCESS WITH (SCALING) AGILE

1. Internal agil coaches 2. Consistent practices and process across teams 3. Implementation of a common tool across teams 5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart 4. External agile consultants or trainers 5. Executive sponsorship

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT CAN I DO TOMORROW?

➤ Where is your company today? ➤ Company culture? ➤ Mind set of the people - of the management?

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart ➤ Where are you today? ➤ Ready for change? ➤ Ready for further qualification?

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHICH OF THE REASONS FOR ADOPTING AGILE APPLIES?

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart WHAT IS STILL RIGHT?

It depends on the knowledge5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart of the people

no silver bullets

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart GERMAN BOOKS

Tilo Andreas Spillner, Tilo Linz Testen in Scrum-Projekten Andreas Spillner, Ulrich Breymann Basiswissen Softwaretest Leitfaden für Softwarequalität Lean Testing für C++-Programmierer dpunkt.verlag, , 2019 in der agilen Welt dpunkt.verlag, Heidelberg, 2016 dpunkt.verlag, Heidelberg, 2016

http://leantesting.de/ Openbook_Testen.pdf 33

5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart QUALIFICATION

➤ ISTQB - International Software Testing Qualifications Board ➤ German Testing Board

https://www.german-testing-board.info/lehrplaene/

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart USED REPORTS

5. Vector Testing Symposium | 06. und 07. Mai 2019 | Stuttgart

http://stateofagile.versionone.com/ http://softwaretest-umfrage.de/ https://www.capgemini.com/service/world-quality-report-2018-19/ https://www.capgemini.com/service/world-quality-report-2017-18/

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5. Vector Testing Symposium 06. and 07. May 2019 Stuttgart THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION QUESTIONS

now or later

[email protected]

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