IIshed by the Ukrainian National Association Inc.. a fraternal non-profit associition| Шrainian WeeI:I у Vol. LV No.30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 25 cents Pope invited Horyn freed from notorious Perm camp No. 36-1 JERSEY CITY, N.J. - AiUng U- men camp in May. to visit Kiev krainian dissident Mykhailo Horyn was Ms. Svitlychna said the dissident, a freed on July 3 from labor camp, nine psychologist, returned to his hometown for IVIіIIеппіит years before his term was due to expire, of Lviv on July 5. Both he and his wife, JERSEY CITY, N.J. - The Kiev Ci­ savs the External Representation of the 01ha, are reportedly very ill. ty Soviet Executive Committee has in­ Ukrainian Helsinki Group. He is Mr. Horyn was arrested on Decem­ vited Pope John Paul II to visit Kiev apparently the second of some 20 ber 3, 1981, and sentenced on Jun"e 14, next summer, reported Vatican Radio's political prisoners, labelled by the I982, to 10 years'special-regimen labor Lithuanian language service on July 13. Soviets as "especially-dangerous recidi­ camp and five years' internal exile for The invitation was given to a Floren­ vists" (repeat offenders), to be released "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda" tine delegation visiting its sister city - early from the notoriously harsh Perm under Article 62 of the Ukrainian SSR Kiev - in mid July. The delegation was special-regimen labor camp No. 36-1. Criminal Code. instructed to pass on a letter to Arch­ The first, Leonid Borodin of Mos­ The dissident, who was previously bishop Silvano Piovanelli of Florence, cow, was freed June 25. incarcerated from 1965 to 1972, was who, in turn was to extend an invitation The circumstances surrounding the born in the Lviv 0blast. He studied in to the pontiff to visit Kiev, the birth­ release of the 57-year-old Ukrainian the philology faculty at Lviv University place of Christianity in Ukraine, for the national rights advocate are yet un­ and later taught Ukrainian literature Millennium celebrations. known, reported Nadia Svitlychny, and language as well as logic and leader of the External Representation. psychology. The invitation from the mayor of She said it is not known whether he was He was also director for high schools Kiev comes as a surprise in light of the freed by official decree or was forced to for the Drohobych region. From 1961 fact that Moscow has twice said in sign any statements, as had been re­ until his first arrest, he worked as an recent weeks that it has no plans to quired of many of the political dissi­ industrial psychologist in the USSR's Mykhailo Horyn invite the Pope for religious observan­ dents freed by decree since February. first experimental psychology/ physio­ Ukrainian collective farm workers. ces scheduled for next year, reported Mr. Horyn suffered a heart attack logy lab at a Lviv truck factory. During his imprisonment in Mordo­ Reuters on July 22. this spring and was transferred to a In 1965, he was arrested during a via, Mr. Horyn wrote several pieces on "We are ready for dialogue with a11 prison hospital in his place of arrest, crackdown on the Ukrainian intelli­ the colonization of Ukraine which religious organizations but it is well­ Lviv, Ukraine, for treatment, reported gentsia. Later, he was sentenced to six appeared in samvydav, underground known to everyone that the Vatican USSR News Brief in April. In Lviv, he years in a labor cxamp after being found dissident publications. As a result, does not recognize the state frontiers of was asked to write or sign a statement guilty of "anti-Soviet agitation and prison officials placed him in solitary our country and constantly empha­ promising to refrain from national propaganda" during a closed trial. confinement several times. sizes this,'' said Konstantine Kharchev, rights activities in return for his release. At his trial, he spoke out aginst After his release, Mr. Horyn was only chairman of the Soviet Union's Council Mr. Horyn reportedly refused and was Russification, official discrimination allowed to work at several manual­ (Continued on page 16) promptly returned to the special-regi­ against Ukrainians and the fate of labor jobs.

O'Connor fired in shake-up War crimes legislation withdrawn OTTAWA - Justice Minister Ra­ Mr. Hnatyshyn said he needed the of Demjanjuk defense team mon Hnatyshyn has unexpectedly with­ new law to prosecute certain "particu­ drawn legislation that would have lar" cases under investigation by the JERUSALEM -JohnDemjanjuk,oh resignation lu the israeii court on made it easier to prosecute suspected Royal Canadian Mounted Police that trial in Israel on charges that he commit Sunday, July 19, after he had been Nazi war criminals still alive in Canada cannot be prosecuted under the existing ted war crimes at a Nazi death camp, notified that Mr. Demjanjuk wanted to and closed Canada's borders to war Criminal Code. formally dismissed his chief legal coun­ dismiss him. He will be replaced by his criminals. The campaign to generate support for sel just one week before the defense is assistants, Yoram Sheftel, an Israeli the bill brought protests from two lawyer originally hired to give Mr. The legislation was withdrawn in the scheduled to present its case. last few minutes before the House of Ukrainian members of Parliament, who O'Connor advice on Israeli legal proce­ planned to break the all-party agree­ Mr. Demjanjuk, who had five days to dures, and John Gill, an American. Commons adjourned for a two-month make a final decision on the matter, summer recess on June 30. There were ment that would have given speedy The hearing on whether or not Mr. decided to replace Mark J. O'Connor, only five minutes left until the deadline passage to the war criminals bill. O'Connor would be dismissed only despite a judge's warning that the trial when Mr. Hnatyshyn presented his The two MPs, Andrew NViter and lasted 15 minutes, but Mr. Sheftel would not be postponed to give his legislation for a second reading. Alex Kindy, both of whom have sizeab­ other extra counsel time to prepare his earlier had spent an hour-and-a-half le Eastern European communities in defense. The trial will resume on July behind closed doors with the judges. Mr. Hnatyshynobtained an all-party their constituencies, said the bill re­ 27. "The decision to replace the counsel is agreement to speed the legislation quired more discussion before it is enac­ Mr. O'Connor had given his letter of in our hands " The New York Times through the House of Commons. He ted. reported presiding Judge Dov Levin as was also urged by Jewish groups to The actions of the two MPs angered saying at the hearing. "We can accept it, introduce the bill as soon as possible. (Continued on page16) and we can refuse to accept it, especially if it is contingent on postponing the rest of the trial." Lubachivskyto take part in synod Mr. Demjanjuk shook hands with JERSEY CITY, N.J. - Ukrainian church officials from around the wor1d Mr. O'Connor when he entered the Catholic Cardinal Myroslaw Luba- will take part in the month-long synod. court, but stated, "1 want to announce chivsky will join 12 church leaders from The synod is scheduled to discuss the that I am interested in replacing Mr. Eastern Europe in a synod of bishops in ro1e of lay people in the church and on O'Connor, regardless of the continu­ Rome in October, according to a Vati­ ways to deal with political, economic ation of the trial." can statement. and social justice issues. Mr. Demjanjuk has been accused of Cardinal Lubachivsky, who is arch­ The synod will include church offi­ being "Ivan the Terrible" the sadistic bishop major of Lviv, but lives in Rome, cials from Poland, Rumania, Hungary, camp guard at the Treblinka death was named by Pope John Paul П on Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia. A Lat­ camp in Poland. Mr. Demjanjuk has July 23 as one of the three delegate" pre­ vian cardinal and Lithuanian arch­ asserted that he was never at the camp sidents to moderate the debate. bishop will also participate. and he is a victim of mistaken identity. The synods are held every three years In addifion to Cardinal Lubachivsky, Prescni aI mc ncarmg were ivir. iJe- to inform and counsel the Pontiff on two Ukrainian Catholic church leaders mjanjuk's wife, Vera, his son John, Jr., issues facing the church. More than 230 from North America will be at the Mark O'Connor and his son-in-law Ed Nishnic. Catholic cardinals, bishops and other meeting. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 No.30

Unofficial youth groups featured A GUMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY in Soviet Ukrainian press LONDON - Two recent Soviet strong, we will apply to join the Komso­ L VІV journal demands publication Ukrainian newspaper reports in Ra- mol as a group." Danko members also dianska Ukraina and Kultura і Zhyttia complained about the high level of of missing historical materials have highlighted the activity of unof­ bureaucracy that made them less in­ by Roman Solchanyk Specifically, V. Kliuchevskii treated the ficial groups of teenagers in Ukraine. clined to join the Komsomol. reunification of the Ukraine with Rus­ The authorities are worried at their Radianska Ukraina described the If the Russians can publish Kliuchev- sia from chauvinist positions. S. growth and are unsure how to tackle the divergent objectives of the Komsomol skii, who viewed Ukrainian-Russian Soloviev was a protaganist of the rising problem of youth discontent, and unofficial youth groups, such as relations from a chauvinist stand­ Norman theory of the origins of Rus' reported the Ukrainian Press Agency Danko. Whereas the Komsomol was point, and Soloviev, who was an statehood. Well, we ask ourselves (UPA), a news service based in London. interested primarily in inculcating a advocate of the Norman theory of the today, are we to reject and disregard this In an article, "Who arc they? What do Marxist view of life into young people, origins of Kievan Rus\ than there is no huge material of native history that is they want?," one group called Danko, the unofficial groups shied away from reason why the Ukrainians can not compiled in the works of these his­ based in Kiev, recently met with the ideology. publish Мук0Iа Kostamarov and Myk- torians because of their mistakes?" local Komsomo! organi/ation. Danko One Danko member explained that, hailo Drahomanov. Mr. Bratyshan's answer, of course, group members were critical of the "the difference (between them and the This is the approach taken in an is no. According to the author, the Komsomol because unlike them their Komsomol) was that we do not want to article in the current issue of the Lviv educational level of Soviet citizens is members, "are not forced to join, nor be told what to do by some old men. We literary monthly Zhoven, which is one good enough for them to be able to are they criticized...if somebody wish­ do not want to say what they expect to of the most forthright contributions distinguish "what in the past is filled es to be a member - good, if not, hear - but want to speak our minds." thus far to the evolving discussion about with ashes from what burns with the then they arc allowed to leave," ex­ Both newspaper reports described so-called "blank pages" in the Ukrai­ pure fire of truth." plained one spokesman. these unofficial groups as "hippy paci­ nian historical record. The article by The historical works of Kostomarov One first-year student told the Kom­ fists." The newspaper expressed no Fedir Bratyshan, titled "Paths to the — an associate of Shevchenko and one somol that', "When we are 10,000 (Continued on page 16) Sources," focuses on the need to issue a of the leading figures in the political, somol that, "When we are l(),OOU (Contmued on page wide variety of historical and literary cultural, and intellectual history of works, ranging from the Old Rus' 19th century Ukraine - are still awai­ Rights group assails Canada chronicles to comp1ete sets of 19th and ting publication, says Mr. Bratyshan. 20th century Ukrainian periodicals. Clearly, "by force of certain historical for ignoring dissident But it is not only the vast array of circumstances," Kostomarov made ir:iiccv r^iT\/ XT 1 A iTb-,*; :ШКк. 3Ж materials that Mr. Bratyshan would mistakes, he sometimes drew incorrect JERSEY CITY, N.J. - A Ukrai­ have published that makes his article conclusions, and these mistakes ob­ nian Canadian human rights group is noteworthy. Perhaps even more sig­ viously must be discussed and explained, angry at the Canadian government for nificant is the fact that, as noted above, argues the author. However, this should reneging on a promise to try to bring a he urges Ukrainians to learn from their not stand in the way of publication of Ukrainian religious dissident to Cana­ Russian colleagues, who are decidedly his scholarly works. "Today, when one da. bolder and appear to be less concerned can observe a great attraction to his­ After indicating a strong interest in about the "ideological purity" of the torical knowledge within Soviet bringing Yosyp Terelia to Canada, the authors whose works they are now society, the works of Kostomarov are government is doing "absolutely no­ bringing into circulation. very, very much needed." thing" to bring him to Canada, the Rev. As a case in point, Mr. Bratyshan The situation with Drahomanov's Myron Tataryn, the administrator of reminds his readers that Russian works is even more dismal. Whereas at St. Sophia Religious Association in publishers, writers, scholars and the least one can purchase Kostomarov's Canada, said. public as a whole, including the readers four-volume "Ruina" in a rare book The group has been trying for some of Pravda, "are voting with both hands" shop for 200 rubles, Drahomanov's time to get the Canadian government to for the publication of unlimited works are simply "not accepted" intervene in the case of the Ukrainian editions of the multivolume works of because they are "unknown" and "not Catholic Church leader. Sergei M. Soloviev and Vasilii 0. entirely safe." Mr. Bratyshan then goes The Canadian government is said to Kliuchevskii which would make it on to list other examples, such as the have expressed an interest in bringing possible for everyone desiring these drawn out babbling (balachka) about the 43-year-old dissident to Canada. publications to obtain them. issuing the full corpus of chronicles and But the ca.se was recently transferred "Meanwhile, it is known that So­ the "unhealthy and improper fuss" over from the external affairs department to loviev and Kliuchevskii, like Kosto- the subscription edition of the historical the Ministry of Employment and 1m­ marov, were not Marxists a4id that works of Academician Dmytro Ya- migration. Yosyp Terelia some of their views were also mistaken. (Continued on page 15) The Rev. Tataryn said the descision Mr. Terelia, a leader of a Ukrainian to transfer the case to the immigration Catholic rights group, was serving a 12- department indicates that the govern­ year term (labor camp and internal Center obtains religious material ment has lost interest in bringing the exile) for his involverhent with the dissident to Canada. group and publishing the Chronicle of NEW YORK - The Lithuanian "Many of these religious publications The immigration official handling the the Underground Church in Ukraine. 1nformation Center in New York has are meant only for priests,'' added case was riot available for comment. The release of the dissident was part obtained a list of Roman Catholic Bishop Baltakis. "The major part of the Mr. 'lerelia has reportedly been on a of the freeing in February of a large religious material, published in Lithu­ Sacramentary (mass book), has not yet hunger strike since February 22 protes­ group of political prisoners by decree of ania with government permission bet­ been published, even though several ting the refusal of Soviet authorities to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. ween 1944 and 1987.. years ago the Vatican donated paper for allow his family to file for emigration Mr. Terelia is reported to be in poor The list, released by Soviet occupa­ that purpose. And the only religious from the USSR'. health. tion authorities in Lithuania, shows literature now regularly published for that in 43 years, government permits the clergy-namely, the Catholic Alma­ have been issued for publication of only nac—did not begin to appear until 1982. 37 items, including holy cards. Of these Moreover, a substantial number of the FOUNDED 1933 37, six have yet to appear, noted the religious publications are exported." ulcraiflian WeeI:I1 Lithuanian Information Center. The Rev. Casimir Pugevicius, execu­ Items published include three volumes tive director of Lithuanian Catholic An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National of a projected six-volume Sacramen- Religious Aid, believes that "inclusion Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. tary, prayer books, a three-volume in this list of a half-dozen publications 07302 ritual, a catechism, the New Testament, which were ostensibly licensed years a thin Catholic directory-almanac, and ago is intended to mislead. Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. some holy cards. Editions of this li­ "Publication of pitifully small edi­ . (ISSN - 0273-9348) terature have ranged from I,000 to tions of a handful of religious books or 1МДЮ0, with the majority of items religious cards is the Communist govern­ Yearly subscription rate: |8; for UNA mefflbers - |5. restricted to editions of 1 !,5GO or less. ment's way of camouflaging the relent­ Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. **This amounts to less than one less persecution of religious believers TIie Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: publicatton a year, including holy which has been going on for 45 years. (201)4S1-220O cards,*' said Bishop Paultus Baltakis, Believers are allowed neither their own (201) 434 0237,-0807. 30З6 spiritual leader of Lithuanian Catholics newspaper nor magazine; they have no Postmaster, send address Editor: Roma HadiMycz in the diaspora. **Compared to circula­ access to the Soviet media. The person changes to: Asslstaiit Editors: Hataiia A. FadMcliak tion figures for atheistic and secular in the pew rarely sees one of these The Ukrainian Weekly Chrystyna N. UpyclMk literature, this is just a drop in the ocean 'showpieces.' Those who try to remedy P.O. Box 346 Canadian Correspondent: Hichati 8. Bociuifciw for 3 million Lithuanian inhabitants. the artificially induced shortage of Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Midwest Correspondent: Marianna Liss According to Religious Affairs Com­ religious literature by privately repro­ missioner Anilionis, it is unrealistic to ducing prayer-books and catechisms go The Ukrainian WeeIdy, July 26,1987, No. 30. Vol. LV. desire that every family have a cate­ to prison camps like criminals," the Copyright 1987 by The Ukrainian Weekly chism..." Rev. Pugevicius explained. No.30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 Famine commission ho!ds workshops in Chicago to assess progress CHICAGO - A workshop of the Francisco, Phoenix, and Philadelphia public commissioners and staff of the provided an ideal public forum for U.S. government Commission on the telling the dramatic story of Ukrainian Ukrainian Famine of 1932-33 took victimization. In many instances parti­ place at the 0'Hare Marriot here on cularly in San Francisco, Philadelphia, June 19. Four of the six public commis­ and Warren, the hearing generated sioners were present: Ulana Mazurke- substantial interest on the part of the vich (Philadelphia), Anastasia Volker local press corps who tended to play (Warren, Mich.), Dr. Myron Kuropas up the human interest angle of the (DeKalb, 111.), and Dr. 01eh Weres (So­ moving, often tearful testimonies. noma, Calif.). With the winding-down of the hea­ The purpose of the day-long meeting rings (although no further hearings are was to assess the progress made by the planned for the future, the possibility of Ukraine Famine Commission toward another hearing remains), the task of fulfilling its two-year mandate and to raising public consciousness of this set priorities for the remaining months tragedy necessitates new strategies — of its existence. The Ukraine Famine national television talk shows, radio Commission is scheduled officially to shows, and issuing frequent communi­ terminate after presenting its report, to ques to the press on the fmdings of the Congress by April 22, 1988. Commis­ Ukraine Famine Commission were sion staff were represented at the among suggestions discussed. Dr. Ku­ meeting by the Commission's staff ropas in particular emphasized the director Dr. James E. Mace, and staff Famine commission members during swearing-in ceremonies. importance of providing the American assistant, Dr. Oiga Samilenko-Tsvet- media with information on the famine kov. Soviet press sources, in dissident sour­ tions of the nearly two hundred oral right up to the day of the report's Discussions at the Chicago meeting, ces, in public sources outside the Soviet history tapes collected by Commission presentation to Congress in April of which was open to all members of the Union, in the Commission's own oral staff be compiled into a separate volume I988. Ukraine Famine Commission, focused history project, in post-Stalinist Soviet in the moId of Voice of the Holocaust. on four fundamental issues: historical fiction, and in American During a working lunch talks turned The afternoon of the meeting of the #I. The format and content of the diplomatic dispatches. to an area of paramount importance public members of the Ukraine Famine future congressional report, Dr. Mace explained in detail recently to the Ukraine Famine Commission - Commission addressed, among other-­ ^2. The incorporation of the famine discovered national and foreign archi­ public relations. Although the need to matters, the need to select a day of into public school curriculums in the val government documents, which open the eyes of the American public to commemoration of the famine which, United States, establish beyond a shadow of a doubt the atrocities committed by the Soviet observed in conjunction with the actual *З. 1he establishment of a national that the United States and several government against Ukraine in 1932-33 presentation of the report to Congress da\ for the commemoration of the European countries were informed of has been a major goal of the Commis­ (or, perhaps leading up to it), would Ukrainian famine of 1932-33, the famine's severity, although officially sion since its inception, the priorities of constitute a national event of major *4. Ihe organi/ation of an intensive the respective governments remained the first year — scholarship, the col­ importance in the spring of I988. The public relations campaign to increase silent at the time. lection of oral histories, and public commissioners agreed that the major^^^^^ the public\ knowledge of the famine as The morning segment of the confe­ hearings — precluded the possibility of commemoration of the famine in the the deadline Ior the report approaches. rence closed with a discussion of ways to a dramatic media campaign. nation's capital should correspond with The meeting opened with a discussion maximize future utilization of the oral To a large extent the ro1e of publi- local community events held nation­ of the report itself, which will include a histories collected by Commission staff, cizing the famine fell to the eight wide. -20- to 30-page executive summary fol­ which will be extensively used in prepa­ hearings themselves, which were held A large portion of the meeting was lowed by chapters of approximately 40 ring the Commission's report. A sugges­ throughout the country in the past year. devoted to another major priority of the pages each on the famine in post­ tion was made that upon the completion Hearings in Washington, Glen Spey, Ukraine Famine Commission - the Stalinist Soviet historiography, in of the report itself the original transcrip­ N.Y., Warren, Mich., Chicago, San (Continued on page 13)

Were they personally able to identify 8h1omo have recognized these guards distributed by CBS to schoolchildren all Letter on... Ukrainians from previous experience, as Ukrainians? Was it written on their over the United States teaches by its (Continued from page 6) or was their identification based on foreheads? subtle mention of "Ukrainian" precisely hearsay and just taken for granted? Ultimately, the book fails to ask the the kind of sweeping collective labeling murdered in his diocese alone." Then How many would have been able to following questions: "Who were these and guilt that it is supposed to your book would have done honor to distinguish Ukrainian from Russian? guards? Where did they come from? condemn. Collective labeling is what the some 200 Jews whose lives were How many Ukrainian surnames do they Why were they at Sobibor?" brought such tragedy to the Jewish saved from the Nazis by this great remember? What were the names of the Documented historical evidence people during the seond wor1d war. And Church leader, at personal risk. And 11 "Ukrainian" guards Sasha testified indicates that the guards, not only of it is tragic that after the showing of the maybe this would have diminished the against? Can the survivors without Sobibor but 0fall the death camps, were teleplay, a young member of our parish, image of Ukrainians as victimizers, reserve state that all the guards were composed primarily, though not a student of Main East High School in which your book seems determined to ethnically Ukrainians, or were only exclusively, of Soviet POWs captured Park Ridge, 111., came home in tears convey. some of the guards Ukrainian, even a during Nazi Germany's Eastern after being called a "Nazi" by one of her In fairness, there is a mention of fair percentage? These are legitimate offensive. They "volunteered" (page 27 classmates. Ukrainian "slaves" driven by the Nazis questions that any Ukrainian has the of your book) to help the Nazis, when Evil is not ethnic. It is done by on page 245, and a few other positive or right to ask. offered an alternative to starvation. The individuals who have a first name and a neutral representations of Ukrainians in If your description of Klat as a 'Nazis' barbaric treatment of Slav last name. Until both Jews and the book. Nonetheless, in no way do "Volksdeutscher" is correct, then it is POWs is well-known and documented. Ukrainians learn to call evil by name these rare and isolated cases balance the possible that the Nazis themselves Most of them were captured from and not by national origin, we will not abundant negative use of "Ukrainian" referred to the guards as "the Soviet Army contingents referred to as rid our respective communities of found in "Escape from Sobibor," or Ukrainians" to indicate their "Ukrainian," because they occupied centuries of mutual mistrust and bring to light the undeniable truth that geographic origin, not their ethnicity Ukrainian soil. Their ethnic animosity, This is our greatest historical the majority of Ukrainians were, in fact, (just as the different groups of Jewish composition was another matter challenge. This could be our best victims of the brutal Nazi occupation of prisoners are referred to as "the altogether: Russians, Byelorussians, contribution to mankind: "the wolf and Ukraine. In the CBS presentation, no Russians," "the Poles" or "the Dutch"). Ukrainians and "Asiatics." Their the young lamb will feed together" (Is positive references are found. The survivors may not have been able to "Lingua franca" was Russian. 65:25). The question you will certainly ask is, make such a distinction. Consequently And there is no evidence that suggests I reahze that your book was "Well then how is it that the survivors they may have used the ethnic term that the Nazis recruited exclusively originally published five years ago and seem so convinced that the guards were "Ukrainian" as a synonym of "guard "in Ukrainian nationals, or that only you have not only gone to many other 'Ukrainians.' " To answer this would place where, in fact, there could have Ukrainian "volunteered" to save their projects, but probably find this letter to surely solve all the difficulties I have been only some or eyen no Ukrainians own lives by serving in the death-camps. be somewhat of a belated annoyance. with your book. Prof. Taras Hunczak present, If this is the case, then the While some took to their job with relish, Nonetheless, Г felt it my duty to poinf of Rutgers University was present at the book's indiscriminate use of the most were victims of circumstance. out to you the gross injustice you have* first preview showing of the teleplay in qualifying "Ukrainian" would be In your di&cussion with Shlomo on done to the good name of the Ukrainian New York. When he asked one of the unsubstantiated and unjustifiable. page 285 an interesting point is made: people. The history of Ukrainians in the suryivors how he knew that the guards Even if a11 the guards were Ukrainian ^anti-Semitism is learned. I couldn't second wor1d war is a very complex and wei-e Ukrainian, his response was, (which they sure weren't), there are agree more. But this is true of a11 kinds not easily iinderstbbd siibject. We were "Tliey spoke Russian, of'course!" It hiany instances in your book, where |0f prejudice or racism, against Blacks, the only nation in Europe witho!ut allies, seems strange that ^ the qualifying '*Ukrainian" seems unnecessary and Puerto Ricans, Italians, Poles, Jews... only enemies: Soviets, Nazk; Poles. A^^ characteristics of a Ukrainian is that he therefore could be offensive. For and Ukrainians. Prejudice ofalI kinds is free and independent Ukraine was of speaks Russian, a foreign language! example, on page 21 as the tram arrives taught, is handed down from father to interest to no one. As today one Ih your interviews with the survivors, at Sobibor, Shlomo looks outside and son, from friend to friend, from writer observes the might of the Soviet Union, they a11 impressed me as honest and sees "a dozen SS officers and just as to reader, and is found, unfortunately, built up with the many resources of exceptional individuals. One would be many Ukrainians armed with Walther in all nations, without exception. Ukraine, one realizes how limited this hq^ored to hear their rationale in and Nagan Pistols, whips and billy Your book is a case in point. And it view was. 1 have enclosed some material idemifying the guard1s as икгатіаж elubs.'*How є0U4d- -new4y*-"^^^^ ^ seems ironic, that the telepiay:. script (Continued on page 16) THE UKRA1NIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 No.30

,,,^J' .-Л,...^,.,^^^. Interview: HeriTioniulc reflects on career in Catliolic Church When some of the bishops heard that, and cultures. It's very easy to criticize. it was like an atom bomb had dropped. I To be open, to remember, doesn't mean explained that the mutual to lose. excommunications which took p1ace Do you regret not being named between the Vatican's representative, archbishop-major or cardinal? Cardinal Humbert and Cardinal As a Redemptorist, I made a Cevellarios, the patriarch of profession to renounce any dignity Constantinople had no dogmatic within the Church. reason. When I was appointed a bishop in When 1 sat down after comp1eting my 1951,1 wrote theHolyFather and quoted presentation, I remember a bishop our constitution which stated that no sitting next to me saying, "Do you re­ Redemptorist was allowed to accept alize what you just said?" any dignity. The representative of the patriarch of Three months after 1 wrote the letter, Constantinople, a Father Screima, a the secretary to Cardinal MacGmgan Rumanian priest, came to me, (of Toronto) came 10 visit me, telling me embraced me and said, "Bishop, that the Cardinal wanted to see me ш his something unbelievable (has happened) office. here today. If what you say is true for you, it should be true for us. I must tell 1 did and when I arrived in his office Patriarch Athanagros." he closed the door and started to iaugh. He said, "So you Ye trying to fight the |Andrew G. Sikorsky During the last session, on December 7, 1965, a special delegation from the Holy Father, eh! Well, you're not the Metropolitan Maxim Hermaniuk patriarchate arrived in Rome to hear first. But let me tell you, it's useless." by Chris Gu1y was represented was in 1438 when the Holy Father publicly revoke the He took out some papers, including a Isidore of Kiev went to Florence seeking Catholic excommunication of letter from the Holy See and told me WINNIPEG -- Within one year, the assistance from an impending invasion Cevellarios while a similar revocation that 1 could not leave his office until I last three bishops appointed bv Pope from the Turks. We had no one at occurred in Istanbul. accepted the appointment and signed Pius XI1 will retire. Bishop Albertus Vatican I in 1870. the letter. He then took out his breviary I was very happy. For me it was such Martin of Nicqlet will turn 75, the It was something to see. On October and started to read. "You can cry or an event when the pope embraced the mandatory age| of retirement for 11, 1962, all of the bishops saw this laugh but you cannot leave my office representative from the patriarch. bishops in the Catholic Church. The procession of red mantias (capes) and until you do so," he said. There was so much applause, the other two are |Ukrainian Catholics: golden mitres into the synod. We longest of the entire Synod, that it didn't I had to. Bishop Isidore Borecky of Toronto and entered as active not passive seem to end. As for Cardinal Lubachivsky being Archbishop Metropolitan Maxim participants. named successor to Cardinal Slipyj, it Hermaniuk of Winnipeg, both of whom But when we saw the Russian It was such a joy for me that after nine was the will of the holy Church. 1'm very turned 75 last year. Both bishops are Patriarch and two observers we centuries of condemnation and happy with him as the choice. expected to remain in office until next complained saying that the Soviet incrimination, that finally there was an What were your career ambitions? year's Millennium celebrations. Union allows an Orthodox churchmen understanding. I always wanted to be a missionary. Born in western Ukraine in 19I1, to attend but not the head of our own You raised eyebrows years before (As a young priest in Belgium, Metropolitan Hermaniuk was ordained Church, Metropolitan Josyf Slipyj (of when you presented your thesis on the Hermaniuk served many displaced a priest in Lviv in 1938. He spent 14 Lviv). parables of the New Testament. Ukrainians during the second wor1d years in Belgium, comp1eting his What did you do? Yes, at the time, some scholars war.) doctorate in theology on the parables of As chairman of the Ukrainian argued that Jesus revealed mercy and You keep an amazing schedule, the New Testament in 1947. That same Catholic delegation I and the other 14 goodness through his parables while managing your archeparchy and still year, he was appointed professor of signed a joint letter calling for goodwill others argued that many listened but fitting in travel on a regular basis. moral theology at the Redemptorist in releasing Slipyj. Up until that point, did not hear and would be punished for What's your secret? Seminary in Beauplateau, Belgium. the issue was too sensitive for any of the not accepting his message. I have none. I just stick to a routine. In 1948, he was appointed vice­ bishops to want to handle. I said that it did neither but served to I get up at 5:15 a.m. every morning. I provincial of the Ukrainian So we printed in the daily newspaper, reveal secrets of his message through the celebrate mass at 7 a.m. and then have Redemptorist Vice-Province in Canada II Journale D'ltalia on November 22, use of metaphorical language. In Greek my breakfast. I'll then go for a walk and taught in their seminary in Ontario. 1962. That day all of the bishops a "parable" means to explain outside in my yard and garden and then He was named bishop of Ss. Vladimir attending Vatican II learned first-hand something. For instance, when you say proceed to my office to do work or and 01ga Cathedral in Winnipeg in I951 that we had no official voice. It was a someone is strong like a Ii0n or is that handle appointments. (as well as auxiliary to the late day that the whole Church listened to person a "strong Ii0n," you don't mean our voice. By the time the day is over it's Archbishop Basil Ladyka) and that person is really a lion. The same midnight and I will then go to sleep. archbishop-metropolitan of the Pope John XXIII sent a delegation to applies to the parables. Jesus used What do you do to relax, to unwind? Canadian Ukrainian Catholic Church Moscow and on February TO, 1963, metaphors to explain his message. I pray. in 1956. Metropolitan Slipyj arrived in Rome. Are you satisfied with the way the When you're not praying?... Metropolitan Hermaniuk has I remember the feeling I had when we Ukrainian Catholic Church has grown I love to read. Anything, history, participated in the Synod of Bishops as all walked into the Second Session with over the past 36 years you've been a philosophy, books on art. And I enjoy an ex-officio member from the (Slipyj) on October 11, 1963. You could bishop? listening to classical music. Canadian Conference of Catholic hear a fly, a pin drop. All eyes were Yes and no. I continue to deplore the What do you plan to do when you Bishops. His call for collegiality among directed toward him... they considered situation of our Church and of our retire? his fellow bishops brought him much him a witness to the persection of the people in the Soviet Union. It is an open I will return to my life as a priest. I attention and respect last fall following Church. wound. will write and I will preach. the Extraordinary Synod which met in What do you think you personally However, I think we have arrived at a How would you like to be Rome. achieved during Vatican II? situation we've never seen before. In the remembered? He spoke recently to our On November 6, 1963, I addressed past, our Church had two I always tried to do what my correspondent, Chris GuIy, and Vatican II on the issue of collegiality. Metropolitanates; one in Kiev, the conscience told me was useful to do for reflected on his long and illustrious On the one hand, we agree that when the other in Lviv. Today, we have three, one the people. If I succeeded, it was the career in the Church. holy father speaks on fundamental in Lviv (in exile), one here in Winnipeg good Lord who helped me. If I failed, I doctrine he speaks with infallability. and one in Philadelphia. We are also would say to the good Lord, "it was But the Church must also speak as waiting to hear whether the holy father meant to be." At least I tried to do my together. will grant Brazil a Metropolitan in the best. As for the rest, the gopd Lord YouVe agreed with many of our Thus, I proposed the notion of coming year. In Canada alone, we have knows better than me. brother bishops in acknowledging the collegiality where there was six Ukrainian Catholic bishops. d^iificant positive impact Vatican II representation among bishops yet as a Our Church has established its own I enjoyed being bishop not in terms of has left upon the Church/What stands group, the Church would still speak as hierarchy of bishops and exarchs which it being the highest authority and as out as being the most significant for one. has never happened before. We are successor to the apostles. It was a gift you? You're considered the "father of practically universal in different from the Lord and I was very happy to Vatican II brought together 2,500 collegiality/' aren4 you? nations, different cultures and different have this chance to work for the people bishops from around the wor1d who Yes, IVє heard that. I do know that mentalities. as their bishop. With other bishops, came with different mehtalities and Pope Paul VI liked the concept. We still need more priests. There was with other people in different different ethnic backgrounds. What was Your career has been marked with always enough priests in Ukraine. circumstances, the Canadian significant lies in all of these bishops sincere and concerted efforts to Today's society is very pluralistic, very Conference of Catholic Bishops, the represented one faith, one Church. establish and maintain an ecumenical cosmopolitan. We need to get closer to a Wor1d Council of Churches and the We met to respond to man of today dialogue with other churches. milieu of Ukrainian mentality without Wor1d Congress of Free Ukrainians. At with his modern ideas about life, During the last session, on December becoming a ghetto. Vatican 11, at the various synods of science, technology and happiness. 7, 1965, I explained that there was no It's a matter of preserving our bishops. It was also the first time in history doctrinal difference which resulted in heritage, our language. And I don't Ї tried my best to serve Canada and that the Ukrainian Catholic Church was the Great Schism in 1054 (which accuse parents of not doing their duties the Ukrainian Catholic Church, so weI1 represented. Tl:iere w^s 15 of us. re&ultejd*in the creation of the Orthod0?Q. either. There are f so many mixed і it is up До history to make Ihe, йца1 the last time the Ukrainiaa Church Chufcli)o.^i /;\^^;;- \ -. -..^-' :л7;-xг щal:пage&,*: so шаг1у different languages jiidg^riientv ' " -. . : Ito-30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 Viewpoint: Collaborating with Con^munlsts to prosecufe N021s Michael Warder is executive vice­ he fought with the Germans. Nikita smoke rises from the field kitchen, and than a Jew. Germans might be con­ president of The Rockford Institute, a Khrushchev ("Khrushchev Remem­ if everyone who signs up is fed a belly sidered more secure than either Jews or think-tank based in Rockford, III This bers") describes it this way: "Bandera full of kasha right then and there." Slavs if they failed to carry out orders, article was originally published in the himself was an outright agent of Ger­ We must also recall that Slavs in or fulfill what was expected of them. May-June issue of Freedom at Issue. It man fascism, and later he gave us a lot Germany, be they POWs or slave la­ But each camp and each ghetto was is reprinted here with the permission of of trouble. It's true that when Bandera borers, were considered an inferior race. different, with different Nazi leaders the author and Freedom at Issue, realized that the Hitlerites didn't intend Jews, of course, were the main racial and different staff at different times. Ifa to keep their promise to sponsor an "enemy" of Hitler, but Slavs, blacks and Ukrainian guard in a concentration PART I independent Ukraine, he turned his Asians were all considered inferior camp witnessed hundreds of thousands units against them... During the second racial stock to be exploited, colonized of "subhumans" undergoing execution, by Michael Warder half of the war, he fought against both and kept from polluting the Aryan gene can we not assume that in some in­ us and the Germans." While Khrush­ pool. Himmler at one point during the stances he believed that he should "act Four times a day in Washington a chev's assertion that Bandera was an war called for the extermination of 30 German" lest he join the other victims? special courier leaves the U.S Justice "outright agent" was wrong, even the million Slavs. Death was very close for many. Department's Office of Special Investi­ leader of the Communist Party of the We know that even under the most gations (OSI). One of his routine Soviet Union had to admit Bandera harrowing conditions, some heroic Nuremberg delivery and pick-up points is the Soviet opposed Nazism and Soviet commu­ persons refused to collaborate, ensuring embassy a few blocks away. Such nism. (As a postscript, it should be their suffering and death. But did all The last time that war crimes surfaced collaboration is to facilitate the laud­ noted that Bandera was assassinated in Slavs who did collaborate do so out of as a major wor1d concern was the able goal of prosecuting alleged Wor1d Munich on October 15, 1959, by KGB hatred for Stalin or simple self-preser­ Nuremberg trials. Opening November War II war criminals. The narrow issue agent Bogdan Stashinsky.) vation? Did not some Slavs collaborate 20, 1945, with Goering, Doenitz, Rae- in U.S. courts is to determine whether There were about 6 million Soviets in eagerly, lending their full support to der and 18 other major Nazi leaders in the person lied on his immigration form Germany at the end of the war, roughly Nazi policies and programs? This is the docket, the trials received much at­ about possible war crimes. A judgment 4 million of whom were slave laborers. undoubtedly true. But judging whole tention. After 12 of21 were executed on of guilty leads to denaturalization, The rest were captured soldiers. About groups or specific individuals more than October 16, 1946, (six ofthe others were followed by deportation hearings. half of the 6 million were "liberated" by 40 years later is a most difficult task, sentenced from 10 years to life, and Extradition hearings may ensue. (This the Soviets, and approximately 2.2 demanding careful discrimination. three were acquitted), interest declined. is a separate legal matter as even citizens million were returned by British and We have in the past acknowledged A total of 12 more persons were execu­ may be extradited.) Extradition to the American authorities. Only in recent this difficulty when considering the ted in the follow-up trials. There were USSR is tantamount to a death sen­ times are the stories of this forced thousands of Jews who served in the about 13 minion Nazis open to possible tence. According to Neal Sher, director repatriation coming to light, and they Jewish councils and committees set up charges, but only about 3.5 million were of OSI, there are currently about 500 are horrifying. Nicholas Tolstoy ("The in the ghettos by Hitler's regime. It has charged; of these, 2.5 million were cases under investigation. Since its amnestied without trial. The Inter­ founding in 1979, OSI has denatura­ 4he collaboration between the United States and the Sovietnationa l Tribunal which convened the lized 22 Americans and deported 13; Nuremberg trials imprisoned only9,600 about 30 cases are now in the courts. Union pits these two governments against aging U.S. citizens whopersons , and by 1949 only З00 remained OSI has a conviction rate of about 7 out were caught in the deadly struggle between Hitler and Stalin fori n jail. Fines, employment restrictions, property confiscations, and the like of 8 cases. control of Central Europe." The collaboration between the United were meted out to about 850,000 per­ States and the Soviet Union pits these Secret Betrayal") and Mikhail Heller been said that, in a limited sense, these sons. Fourty years later, it is hard to two governments against aging U.S. and Aleksandr Nekrich ("Utopia in Jews did collaborate with the Nazis. understand that the major figures in the citizens who were caught in the deadly Power") provide the numbers and the They distributed ration cards, provided Third Reich and the camps did not struggle between Hitler and Stalin for stories of suicides, summary executions census information, assigned persons receive harsher treatment. control of Central Europe. It also poses and escapes from the gulag. Twenty for forced labor and relocation, col­ a number of very tough questions for percent of those who returned to the lected taxes, ran hospitals and schools, One reason for the decline in interest those who are involved in it. Trying Soviet Union from the West were and generally administered the ghettos. in Nazi war criminals was that people criminals more than 40 years after the executed or given 25 years in the gulag; Although there was expressed Jewish were tired of the war and wanted to put act is difficult at best. In addition to the others received sentences of lesser opposition to this type of collaboration it out of their minds. Then, too, the difficulty of locating witnesses and amounts. Their crime? They had been even at the time, persons in the councils Cold War had begun. In response to depending on faulty memories, there is exposed to the West and they were and their committees have generally Soviet conduct in Eastern Europe, the added burden of considering the captured alive. Knowledge of these been regarded as persons who tried to former British Prime Minister Winston trauma of Wor1d War II and the Holo­ terrible sentences was not made public, make a bad situation less bad. There Churchill in March of 1946 gave his caust. Should we now sit in judgment on but those involved, including the POWs were few other options available. A Iron Curtain speech in Fulton, Mo. alleged war criminals? About this we and the allies who returned them, knew. courageous Jew did not simply risk his Questions were asked about why the must be absolutely clear: the heinous It is no wonder individuals from the own life, but also the lives of his family United States, Great Britain and France nature of the crimes demands an affir­ Soviet empire lied about biographical and friends as well. Further, as some were collaborating with the Soviets to mative answer. There should be no data in order to go to the United States. survivors have pointed out, they might go after defeated Germans, our allies for the future. Collaborating with the statute of limitations. Nonetheless, Did those who succeeded in getting to have been replaced by someone even there are serious problems in attemp­ worse. Soviets to prosecute war criminals was the U.S. previously collaborate? We necessary in many instances because the ting to judge the guilt or innocence of know that many did. Some did so to rid Our questions take on greater poig­ alleged war criminals, as some historical nancy when we consider the special case Soviets had documents and witnesses. their country of Stahn. About 1 million But the Beriin blockade of 1948, the background will show. It is necessary to Soviets (including several hundred of the Jewish ghetto police, who were consider the circumstances in which the often instrumental in the execution of founding of NATO in 1949, and the thousand Russians) joined Hitler's invasion of South Korea by North alleged collaborators existed, the early armed forces in the vain hope that Jews from hiding or subversion. In the attempts to assess war crimes, and only United States in the early 1950s three Korea in June of 1950 were some ofthe Hitler would turn this Russian army harsh new realities that deflected then our most recent efforts. loose against Stalin. Many others Jews, Henrich Friedman, Jakob Tencer and Jonas Lewy, were all accused by the attention from the defeated totalita- joined these armed forces or the camp rians to the viable and active ones. Historical background administrations to better their chance of Immigration and Naturalization Ser­ vice (INS) of beating fellow Jews in But even at the outset, the Nuremberg survival under the Nazis. Stalin refused trials were plagued with disturbing About 400,000 persons, mostly from to follow the Hague convention for the forced labor camps and ghettos. All but countries in Eastern Europe-Poland, Lewy were aquitted because of the ethical and legal questions. For in­ treatment of war prisoners, or to allow stance, one ofthe four "war crimes" was Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, International Red Cross inspections of circumstances, and Lewy eventually Rumania, Yugoslavia—came to Ameri­ won on appeal. the conspiracy to wage aggressive war. captured German troops, and Hitler Since the Hitler-Sta1in pact of August ca by virtue of the 1948 Displaced reciprocated. Of the 5.8 million Soviet In the post-war trials of Jewish ghetto Persons Act. The act specifically ex­ 1939 led to the September German troops taken prisoner, 3.2 million died police—42 accused by Jewish "Courts attack on Poland and the Soviet take­ cluded those who collaborated with the from starvation, disease and the cold. of Honor" in the displaced persons Nazis in the persecution of civilians or over of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Moreover, the Soviet Union would not camps and others in Israel under the parts of Poland and whatever they those who "voluntarily assisted the contribute food or medical supplies to Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punish­ enemy forces" in military operations. could take of Finland, a plausible case Soviet soldiers in German camps, since ment) Law of 1950-remarkable sensi­ could be made that the USSR was part Straightforward enough. Yet many by Soviet law they were traitors under tivity was shown to the crossfires in Eastern European refugees, including of this conspiracy. The Soviet judges death sentence. To survive, some joined which people found themselves. Isaiah were adamant that the "secret proto­ Soviet citizens, took up arms against the the concentration camp administration Trunk ("Judenraut") details a number Soviet Union believing that if they cols" of the pact should not be part of and did other jobs for the Germans. of examples of these trials and some of the court record, and they got their way. joined forces with Hitler they could rid Solzhenitzyn describes the circum­ the principles involved. their country of Soviet rule. The protocols could be referred to but stances: Membership on a governing council could not be officially a part of the Although he never livedin the U.S., "People who have never starved as or in a ghetto police force is not, in and record. The Soviets even attempted to an . illustrative case is that of the our war prisoners did, who have never of itself, punishable by Israeli law. delete from the official court records Ukrainian nationalist, Stefan Bandera. gnawed on bats that happened to fly Indeed, it is explicitly acknowledged portions of statements that cast the After the Soviet-induced famine in into the barracks, who have never had that "the regime in the concentration Soviets in an unfavorable light. This Ukraine, which killed between 5 million to boil the soles of old shoes, will never camps forced the accused to assault effort to tamper with the court records and 7 million people, Bandera esta­ understand the irresistable material other Jews in some cases." It should be was rebuffed. blished partisan units to end Soviet force exerted by any kind of appeal, any pointed out that a Slav who did not oppression. When Hitler's forces went kind of argument whatever, if behind it, assault or brutalize a Jew when ex­ There was also the matter of the through Ukraine in the summer of 1941, on the other side of the camp gates, pected was perhaps slightly morp aecure ^CoiitffiAiied on page 16) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. JULY 26, 1987 No.30

Letter on "Escape from Sobibor": шгаіпіапі^ееУу where the book fails to inform Below is the full text of a May 10 "Koszewardski" is mentioned. My letter written by the Rev. Deacon fluent knowledge of Ukrainian tells me The UNA moves forward Andrew Onuferko of Ss, Volodymyr that this cannot be a Ukrainian last and 0Iha Ukrainian Catholic Church in name. It could be Polish, but not The annual session of the Ukrainian National Association's Chicago to Richard Rashke, author of Ukrainian, (1n Ukrainian it would have Supreme Assembly, held June 8 through 12 at Soyuzivka, made "Escape from Sobibor," the book on been "Koshowar" or "Koshowarskyj." several noteworthy decisions that affect the UNA and our Ukrainian which the recent TV docu-drama was The "d" is difficult for the Ukrainian community in general. Once again the Supreme Assembly members based. We reprint it here for the ear.). On page 217 the reader finds demonstrated through their decisions that the UNA, the largest information 0f0ur readers. To date, the "Albert Kaiser, a Ukrainian guard on a Ukrainian fraternal organization, continues to care for the well-being Rev. Onuferko has not received a bicycle." If Kaiser is Ukrainian, then response. Berlin must be the capital of Ukraine! I of its members and our nation. Now that the Supreme Assembly's can't imagine how your normally acute resolutions and recommendations have been published, let's take a Mr. Rashke: critical sense let that one go by. On page closer look at the highlights. 139, 304 a guard by the name of The supreme executives, auditors and advisors present at the 1987 Allow me to express my admiration Wolodia is mentioned, as "basically a annual meeting voted to approve a number of financial grants that for your tremendous efforts in good man." He could have been benefit both individuals and groups. This year, the UNA yet again gathering and organizing the materials Ukrainian, although not necessarily so. surpassed its previous record in the amount of scholarship aid found in your book "Escape from ("Wolodia" is also used in Russian.) allocated to needy and deserving students across the United States and Sobibor." The story is indeed a moving Of the some 200 "Ukrainian guards", Canada. A total of S115,250 will be distributed to 237 students. tale of Jewish determination and only these four are mentioned by name: Community groups and causes, too, are beneficiaries of the UNA, as survival against all odds. Through your Klat, Koszewardski, Kaiser and the Supreme Assembly voted to give S51,00O to scholarly, religipus, work and the CBS television Wolodia. The first three were definitely not Ukrainians. And it is very likely that youth, educational, cultural and other organizations and their presentation based on it, the survivors of Sobibor have finally been able to tell there were other non-Ukrainian guards. projects. the wor1d their story. I imagine you are In fact, if we take as evidence this list of Perhaps most prominent among grants this year was the total of proud of a job well done, and at first names, since the book offers no other S108,25O that is destined for four publishing projects. These are: a glance you have every right to be. evidence, then only 25 percent of the history of Ukrainian immigration to the United States by Dr. Myron My first exposure to your work was guards were possibly Ukrainian. B. Kuropas titled "The Ukrainian Americans: Roots and Aspirations" through the televised version. As I Therefore, the book's collective use of an updated reprint, in a separate booklet, of the entry on Ukrainian watched the teleplay, I was, to put it the qualifying "Ukrainian" (guards, Churches from "Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia"; a second book on mildly, surprised to find the guards of guns, barracks, brothels, shop, patrol, the Chornobyl nuclear accident by Dr. David R. Marples; and a Sobibor constantly referred to as "the skull, etc.) would seem not only history of the UNA in Canada. Also covered in the above amount is Ukrainians" on prime-time television. historically inaccurate, but morally the Svoboda index. All of the aforementioned projects are sure to be And later, when I looked over the CBS reprehensible, because by singling out especially useful for scholars and students alike, and informative for teleplay script that was distributed to only Ukrainians it identifies the school children all over the United Ukrainian people with Nazi Germany anyone interested in Ukraine and Ukrainians. States, my surprise turned to and imprints upon the reader (or Among the many resolutions approved by the Supreme Assembly indignation. In the script the qualifying viewer) the image of Ukrainians as were a number that when implemented should go a long way in telling "Ukrainian" is used in instructions to "Jew-killers". This image is the Ukrainian story to the non-Ukrainian public. Resolutions directed the crew a total of 75 times (the word strengthened in the book by such the UNA Heritage Defense Committee to promote the UNA- "German" is entirely absent!). While no sweeping phrases as "the Jews, whom sponsored curriculum about the Great Famine of 1932-33; to purchase one denies that there were individual they (the Ukrainians) persecuted since arid mail copies of the National Geographic issue containing a feature Ukrainians who collaborated with the the Middle Ages" (page 27). What 6ri Ukraine to a11 1T1imbers of Congress, governors and the press; to Nazis, just as there were Frenchmen, century are you referring to and what send The Ukrainian Weekly free of charge to a1I members of Congress Dutchmen, Poles, and Jews, for that were the circumstances of this alleged and supporters of Ukrainian issues in the Canadian Parliament and matter, it seemed to me extremely persecution? If Ukrainians were such unlikely that the guards at Sobibor were "Anti-Semites," it is difficult to government; to open a UNA bureau in Washington; and to find a exclusively Ukrainian nationals. I understand how consistently scholar to author a history of Ukraine and Ukrainians during Wor1d decided to study the matter further, first throughout history there was a large WarI1. of all by going to the source of the and flourishing Jewish population in These resolutions, together with the over S100,00O of grants teleplay, your book. Ukraine. Even today, outside of Israel allocated to publishing projects are perhaps the most important of the As I read "Escape from Sobibor" and the United States, the largest Supreme Assembly's decisions for they affect not only UNA'ers, not (Avon Books, April 1987) I admired population of Jews is found in Ukraine. only Ukrainian Americans or Ukrainian Canadians, but ultimately the your critical spirit in evaluating the The historical problem of Ukrainian entire Ukrainian nation, its present and future generations. authenticity of names, places, events, and Jewish mistrust, with victims and The Supreme Assembly, of course, was not remiss in heeding the etc. Unfortunately, this same critical victimizers, accusers and accused, of needs of UNA members. To this end, the assembly, which is the highest spirit was not applied to the legitimate complaints on both sides, is governing body of the UNA between quadrennial conventions, identification of the so-called not an easy one. Your one-sided "Ukrainian guards." presentation of Ukrainians is stressed that seniors housing near Soyuzivka should be a project understandable, considering the limited aggressively pursued; support of sports activities by the UNA should be On page 27, Shi0m0 meets his first "Ukrainian guard," Klat. "He was a sources you consulted (as listed on pages increased; improvements, such as computerization and expansion of Volksdeutscher, a Ukrainian of 355-357), but nonetheless inexcusable, facilities, should be made at Soyuzivka. Special emphasis was given to German ancestry." Had you seriously for no Ukrainian will listen to the youth and fraternal activities, and the resolutions even directed the researched the German farm colonies of important message of Sobibor if he sees UNA to look closely at the 25-45 age bracket as potential members and Ukraine, you surely would not have his people falsely and senselessly to develop appropriate programs for this group. identified "Volksdeutscher" with accused, as you have done in your book. Supreme Assembly members also acted wisely in approving "Ukrainian." While there was some Not only is the abuse of "Ukrainian" resolutions aimed at streamlining some UNA functions. One cultural integration of individual offensive, but the lack 0fits mention on resolution simplified the procedure required in purchasing a Germans with the Ukrainian page 85, could put into question your headquarters building for the UNA in Canada. Another cut the annual population, most often they lived in sense of fairness, if not your intellectual meeting of the Supreme Assembly down to three days and provided their own separate communities (called integrity. I quote, "Also in August, "colonies"), where they held fast their concrete ways this should be done, including doing away with oral Archbishop Szeptyckyj of Leopol, in traditions, their religious beliefs Ruthenia, personally wrote to Pius XIІ addenda to the published reports of assembly members. This (Roman Catholicism or Protestantism), resolution clearly strives to make the annual meeting more action­ to say that two hundred thousand Jews their language (Klat "spoke German and even more Christians already had oriented by shifting the focus of the session from the reports to the very well") and therefore could not be been murdered in his small diocese important matters at hand. considered ethnically "Ukrainians." alone." This sentence is written in such a AH in all, the 1987 decisions of the Supreme Assembly are far­ Would you call a "Pat O'Brien" living in manner that the reader is given no reaching and pragmatic, and they are a proper follow-up to the steps London an Englishman, or an "Abu understanding of the identity of the taken at last year's 31st UNA Convention. Mustaffa" living in Israel a Jew? In fact, Archbishop, or of the geographic your statement becomes a contradiction location of his diocese. (I'd like to see in terms, when seen in the context of the map where you found "Ruthenia".) Nazi Germany, where the Volks­ The sentence might have read, "Also in deutscher were considered Aryans and August, the head of the Ukrainian Want to reprint an article not Slavs (Hitler's "slaves"). This Catholic Church, Metropolitan Andrei "racial" distinction certainly dictates Sheptytsky of Lviv (or "Lvov" in from The Weekly? that Klat, at least cannot be considered Russian, as is written on page 160, not "Ukrainian." "Leopol") in Galicia, western Ukraine, personally wrote... to say that two I If you would like to reprint an article from The Weekly in another pubih What of the other guards? I carefully hundred thousand Jews and even more \cation, you may obtain permission, in most cases, by contacting the editor read every word of the book hoping not to find a Ukrainian-sounding surname. Ukrainian Christians already had been I was not dissappointed. On page 96 a (Continued on page 3) No. З0 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 7

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Any conflict is likely to produce as simply "a myth," as if it had no rele­ think that perhaps the bigot's anti­ Kudos for another important loser. As the old vance to contemporary Ukrainian Ukrainian stereotype has some merit. Quaker saying goes, "The first casualty American society. Once The Weekly I hate the stereotype as much as Myron Kuropas of war is truth." The accuracy of this solemnly pronounces that the "truth anyone, but I fail to see how sitting back Dear Editor: insight should already be self-evident. must and will be told, "it cannot expect and allowing anti-Semitic comments40 As Ukrainians and Jews have struggled to get away with half-truths. The sad go unchallenged can put the stereotype I wish to congratulate Myron Ku­ to position themselves on the issues fact is that anti-Semitism is an ope­ to rest. To quote a useful slogan: "Anti­ ropas for his excellent article, "Thanks, surrounding the Demjanjuk case, a rative reality we need to confront. Semitism is a social disease." I have seen Mr. Rosenbaum for proving my point!" great number of half-truths, over- Now, I can imagine the how1s of it afflict too many Ukrainians, and out in The Ukrainian Weekly, July 5. We reactions, and outright bigoted remarks protest such a statement is likely to of concern for those individuals, and need more and more dialogue like Mr. have been exchanged. Both sides have provoke: "But aren't you conceding to out of concern for our community, I Kuropas' article which proves his: point on occasion over-simpHfied the facts collective guilt?" I am not, but as long as would Hke to see us find a cure. in an objective manner and without and sacrificed the truth for the sake of I'm on the subject, an important dis­ Now, as for our Jewish friends, I do insults to tear down the wall of bias, maintaining their "party line" on John tinction needs to be made: There is a not want Mr. Rosenbaum to feel too Ukrainophobia and prejudice buiU for Demjanjuk's guilt or innocence. A few significant difference between the vindicated by my comments above. I some Jews and some Ukrainians by a examples are in order: primitive doctrine of collective guilt, can assure him that he and Dr. Kuropas third party that seeks to divide and rule. Mr. Kuropas states in his July 5 and the civilized principle that we have a can take equal credit for making me We, Ukrainians have a good chance to column that "no Jewish newspaper collective responsibility for streng­ angry enough to write this letter. (I win in this dialogue, because the truth is prints letters from Ukrainians." This is thening the moral fibre of our com­ realize that "results" are very important on our side. demonstrably false. The Boston Jewish munity. There is no reason for us to feel to both leaders.) . The fact that few Jewish newspapers Times printed two very long letters (one guilty for wrongs we did not commit or Although I respect Mr. Rosenbaum, print letters from Ukrainians is in­ was a half-page in length, the other, for attitudes we do not share. But we and although I believe we should take dicative that they might be afraid of the over two full pages) which I wrote in certainly have a collective responsi­ some of his criticism to heart, Mr. Ukrainian truth, and also that perhaps response to an editorial and a rebuttal bility to address and combat the bigotry Rosenbaum cannot expect us to over­ not many Ukrainians write letters to the by Allan A. Ryan, Jr. Both of my letters that continues to fester among some look the double-standard he and his Jewish press. were critical of the OSI's policies, and (read: far too many) members of our colleagues sometimes apply in judging Dr. Kuropas' article proved to me critical of what I perceived to be unfair community. the conduct of Ukrainian community again and again, that in order to win, all statements and stereotypes made by leaders. Despite the self-righteous tone The Demjanjuk controversy has Ukrainians and Ukrainian Americans OSI or Jewish representatives. of his remarks, I think Mr. Rosenbaum served to bring a number of anti­ ought to be much more active than they knows in his heart that cheap shots have It wouldn't hurt for Dr. Kuropas to Semitic attitudes out of the closet, and I are now. Maybe, we should become concede that a number of Jewish news­ been taken on both sides of the Dem­ am sure that each of us can recall more active through the Ukrainian papers, notably the Jerusalem Post, janjuk controversy. If he doesn't statements made by Ukrainian acquain­ American Justice Committee with its have not only addressed Ukrainian already, he ought to realize that some of tances of late which would be too branches throughout the United States, concerns, but have provided some very the statements made by OSI represen­ embarrassing to repeat in publication and change our stance from defense to balanced, provocative, and soul-sear­ tatives and Jewish leaders would have read by Jewish-Americans. Even in offense in order to clear the good ching commentaries on the Demjanjuk provoked a much more vitriolic re­ "polite company," some Ukrainians feel Ukrainian name and to help more trial. It wouldn't hurt to acknowledge sponse if the ro1es of speaker and target uninhibited about making anti-Semitic effectively our subjugated people in that many Jewish leaders, including Mr. were reversed. remarks, knowing that such comments their struggle to regain freedom and Rosenbaum, have gone to considerable For example, it was not until Mr. will Ике1у be tolerated or ignored. The independence. lengths to remind their constituents that Ryan's "Quiet Neighbors" was pub­ flippant remarks that have found their We can do this because we possess war crimes committed by individual lished in 1984, with its generalizations way into print, such as some of our sufficient intellectual and physical Ukrainians cannot be pinned on the about Ukrainian sympathies and its spokespersons' references to "Jewish resources; however, an. all-Ukrainian Ukrainian people as a whole. fast-and-loose estimates about the per­ justice" indicate how easily valid con­ centage of Nazi collaborators among us American vehicle is needed, which Likewise, it wouldn't hurt for Mr. cerns about Mr. Demjanjuk's innocence that most Ukrainian-Americans fully would be supported by most of Ukrai­ Rosenbaum to concede that The Ukrai­ can degenerate into insulting drivel. (It appreciated the degree to which our nian Americans and by other American nian Weekly has been at least as ba­ is worth noting that nobody made snide community's reputation was being friends of the just Ukrainian cause. lanced in its coverage of the Demjanjuk comments about "Italian justice" when sullied. Such generalizations and case as many Jewish papers; that the Judge Battisti first found Mr. Dem­ stereotypes continue to be repeated by Michael Spontak Weekly has been every bit as generous janjuk guilty, or "WASP justice" when others to this day. Has Mr. Rosenbaum Astoria, N.Y. as the Boston Jewish Times in providing the Supreme Court upheld the order for asked Mr. Ryan to repudiate those column space for opposing viewpoints. denaturalizationO Neither side has been very gracious in estimates? Ukrainian-Jewish giving the other credit for the level of We have relied for too long on the If any Ukrainian had pubUshed a integrity that has often been demonstra­ platitude that "a silent majority" of work which employed unscientific relations suffer ted under extremely volatile and Ukrainians disapproves of anti-Se­ methods to estimate the percentage of mitism. That disapproval needs to be Jews who collaborated with the Stalin Dear Editor: difficult circumstances. If any dialogue between our two communities is to have expressed to some of our fellow-Ukrai­ regime in persecuting Ukrainians, Mr. nians as firmly, as convincingly, and at Rosenbaum would have had every right The recent exchange of letters be­ a prayer, both sides must learn how to least as often as it is expressed to to be outraged. The Wor1d Jewish tween Myron Kuropas and Eli Ro­ "give the devil his due." reassure our Jewish critics. Our silence Congress would almost certainly have senbaum left me with the distinct An honest dialogue also requires less on this issue must be broken. denounced the bigoted overtones (if not impression that two of the most pro­ self-congratulation and more self­ the anti-Semitic thrust) of such es­ minent leaders in the Ukrainian and criticism. To their credit, a number of I realize that speaking up will not be timates. Why should Ukrainians feel Jewish communities had just declared Jewish commentators have already easy. Some Ukrainians feel justified in any less offended by a comparable war on each other. What's worse, both challenged their readers to combat the expressing anti-Jewish sentiments in offense. Why should our anger be men seem prepared to pull their con­ prejudice and Ukrainophobia that exist retaliation for anti-Ukrainian stereo­ labelled hysterical and reactionary, stituencies into their grudge match, in certain quarters of the Jewish com­ types that read in the news. The classic when comparable reactions by Jewish whatever the cost to Ukrainian-Jewish munity. The July 5 editorial in The sequence goes as follows: a gen­ leaders would be accepted as a matter of relations. I for one do not like the battle Ukrainian Weekly, on the other hand, eralization is made about Ukrainian­ righteous indignation? lines that are being drawn. Before the demonstrates a near-total refusal to Nazi collaboration; a Ukrainian re­ To be fair to Mr. Ryan, he has since situation deteriorates any further, I acknowledge that anti-Semitism is even sponds with a generalization about stated that his intent in estimating that would urge Messrs. Rosenbaum and a factor in our community. This kind of ''Jewish commissars" implementing one out of every (20) Ukrainian emigres Kuropas to cool their rhetoric and call stonewalling will never win the trust of Sta1in's purges. How do we respond to may have been a Nazi collaborator was time-out. our Jewish counterparts. Nor will it this useless tit-for-tat? A suggestion: help us combat the stereotypes we find Were there not Ukrainians who also not to perpetuate any bigotry against The Demjanjuk trial has placed so offensive. served as Sta1in's henchmen? Were Ukrainians. Perhaps, but at the very enough of a strain on Ukrainian-Jewish there not kapos who herded their fellow least, his speculation was irresponsible, understanding without our leaders I certainly agree with the editors to and I believe that in good faith, his esti­ this extent: we should not allow our Jews to the gas chambers? What does a launching a full-blown jihad. persons's ethnic background have to do mates should be stricken from any re­ critics to impute collective guilt to all published version of his book. In any First, we need to remember that Ukrainians for the crimes or bigoted with his capacity for evil, or cowardice, or opportunism? case, Mr. Rosenbaum cannot very well throughout history, whenever Ukrai­ attitudes of individual anti-Semites. place all the blame on the Ukrainian nians and Jews have come into conflict The stereotype of the barbaric "Ukrai­ We need to remind each other that community for the deterioration in trust with one another, the ultimate be­ nian guard" bears absolutely no re­ bigotry is not Hke fire. It can never be its between Ukrainian Americans, the neficiaries have been our people's semblance to the vast majority of decent own antidote. The Ukrainophobia OSI, and the Jewish community. common enemies. I can't imagine that and compassionate Ukrainians who which has been stirred and inflamed by either Dr. Kuropas or Mr. Rosenbaum emigrated to this country, many of the Demjanjuk trial cannot be ex- Secondly, Mr. Rosenbaum does a would really want to give the Soviets the whom sheltered Jewish refugees and tinguishea by the anti-Semitic barbs disservice to his community and ours satisfaction of seeing Jews and Ukrai­ fought the Nazis. When US1 spokesmen that some Ukrainians have levelled. On when he tries to make an issue of the use nians in a state of permanent discord. or pop historians try to tell us other­ the contrary, such bigoted retorts will of the word "Zhyd."This term has been There is still hope for changmg di­ wise, we should object vigorously and not only fail to silence the few hot-heads used traditionally and respectfully in rection, but if our leaders do not find a loudly. But this cannot be the end of in the Jewish community; they will reference to Jewish people, not only by more civil way of addressing each other, the discussion. actually make matters worse by leading Ukrainian Gentiles, but also by Ukrai- the future could be grim. Anti-Semitism cannot be dismissed level-headed and considerate Jews to (Continued on page 12) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 No. 30

Amateur performets keep Ukrainian culture alive in Venezuela's capital by Nick Czorny

At the center of Venezuela's capita1, Caracas, is a park in which stands a grand bronze statue of Simon Bolivar — a monument to the general responsible for Hberatmg Venezuela and five other countries from Spanish occupation. It is no wonder, therefore, that every major street, square or hall carries his name, and that his portrait hangs in very public place as well as private homes. It is in this beautiful, ever-sunny country that I found a small, but inviting community of Ukrainians who have managed to maintain their cultural heritage and national identity. In speaking with some of the Ukrainians who emigrated here after Wor1d War II, I found out that Venezuela's capital, Caracas, was then an old colonial city, with narrow, dirty streets and low buildings. At an incredible tempo, it has become a large, modern, thriving city, with a host of new government buildings, skyscrapers and wide, modernly paved and clean streets. In fact, one of the first things that strikes one's attention, is the large number of cars on the streets. It is said that Venezuela is second only to the The Barvinok dance ensemble is wel!-known in Caracas. U,S. in the number of cars on the road. kilometers away from Caracas and 160 Cooper Statiqn, New York, N.Y he conducted two-week bandura" Perhaps the main reason for this, is the boasts a large Ukrainian settlemenL 10276~O16C Please ;ndicalc ihal piay?ng ooursds. He has been to low price of gas, which seems to be less Within 15 minutes away by bus from donations aie for the Vcnezuelp lirnd. Paraguay an(1 hcS inbtrutted a rwe~ exoensive tbap *^oda, Valencia, are the mineral springV of wick СЛЦ sc iii С'ьпілЬа. r^^"oir there he "^-'4ne/uelap^^ on *he whOiC -^^eem to fcc "Las 'Tnnceras/'' I was told ihai these * B^ndoFn iipdace rrc^cevd.?c* to Pru?.t:.aOj)Ohi. *.Vf]t!c hc e\treniel\ fnerdly, opei! people, are second in healmg powe''s to the одеь VVіГ' conrut; ^ cnc-rnorr^p bandurb greeting eac^i other with sosilrs as they in .іг-оал, TO" 1he rraa^mer.l of vo'ious Ov \l'.^r :4 ^QK7, foi- Ь.'ЛС*:гіг^ pa^.s CD the '

The posting of colors. Members of the Women's Association For The Defense of Fow ^^ of Ukraine.

Casey Oksas, president of the Cap­ tive Nations Council of Illinois and member of the Lithuanian com­ munity presiding over the cere­ monies. Members of le Vусїаі,ЖГкЩШ^^^^ Illinois State Rep. David Harris reads the State House of Represen­ tatives Resolution #708 honoring Captive Nations Week. Eugena Luszczak of WAFDFFU, (below).

Aiex Tulek reading the U.S. House Resolution honoring the Captive Participants of the Captive Nations^ Week ohservflnrP^ Nations.

The Sunday observances of Captive Nations Week were held in Chicago on July 19 in the heart of the Li­ thuanian community^ which spon­ sored the event this year. A liturgy at the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Roman Catholic Church was followed by an open-air demonstra­ tion and a luncheon for the repre­ sentatives of emigre communities from countries under Communist People attentively listening to proclamations read during the ceremony. domination and guests. 20 THE UKRA1NIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 N0:3o

BOOK NOTES Collection tribute to Stus Directory lists rigtits groups Vasyl Stus, His Life and Works, The Human Rights Internet Directory: Recollections and Essays by His Con­ Eastern Europe and the USSR, edited temporaries. Compiled and edited by by Laurie S. Wiseberg. Cambridge, Osyp Zinkewych and Mykola Fran' Mass,: Human Rights Internet, Har­ cuzenko, Baltimore-Toronto: V. Symo- vard Law School, 304 pp. S30. nenko Smoloskyp Publishers, 1987,4б3 This comprehensive publication, the pp. in Ukrainian, fourth volume in the Human Rights Internet's directory series, describes This collection is a tribute to the late more than 600 "unofficial" and "ap­ Ukrainian dissident-poet, Vasyl Stus, proved" groups, organizations, ini~ who died in perm strict-regime labor tiatives and publications that have camp 36-1, in September 1985, after a emerged in this region since 1970. long and courageous struggle in the It also includes organizations out­ fields of human and national rights. side the Soviet Union and Eastern The recently released collection in the Europe, which monitor human-rights Ukrainian language is dedicated to "a developments in these areas. citizen, a patriot, a Ukrainian intel­ The 300-page directory, which was lectual, a poet, a literary historian, a released in April, provides introduc­ critic, philosopher, a creator of Ukrai­ tions, write-ups on organizations and nian cultural rebirth, a political pri­ select bibliographies. It is divided into soner, who would have rather died than 15 chapters, with each chapter con­ kraine which deal with human and give up his honor, his human dignity centrating on a particular country in national rights. Mr. Dobczansky pro­ and his spirit to the regime, a colleague, Eastern Europe and the republics of vides a detailed description of the a friend, a son, a husband, a father, a Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania Ukrainian Helsinki Group which was Ukrainian." Sakharov, Nobel Laureate Heinrich in the Soviet Union. There are also two formed in Kiev in 1976. He also explains the publications issued by the group, The introduction contains a brief Boll and the External Representation of detailed chapters concentrating on the the Ukrainian Helsinski Group. Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. which took the form of memoranda to biographical sketch of the poet, who is the Supreme Soviet, as well as docu­ considered to be one of the greatest Section three is composed of lectures, The chapter on Ukraine, which was speeches, tributes and studies of his ments on repression, Russification and contemporary Ukrainian literary fi­ written by Jurij Dobczansky, Slavic abuse of power in Ukraine. gures, and poems written as a tribute to literary works, written by former politi­ cataloguer in social sciences at the him by 1van Svitlychny, Sviatoslav cal prisoners Nadia Svitlychna, Nina Library of Congress, provides an in­ The author also gives descriptions of Karavansky, Marta Tarnawska, Rolf Strokata, and Leonid Plyushch. Other teresting bibliography, citing such the Initiative Group for the Defense of the Rights of Believers and the Church, Apple, Halyna Mlazurenko and Yar authors in this section include Kateryna works as "Ukraine and the Helsinki its publications, which include the Slavutych. Shtul, Mykola Virnyi, Mykhailo Hei- Accords: Soviet Violations of Human fetz, Sergei Soldatov, Anna-Halya "Chronicle of the Catholic Church in The book is divided into three parts: Rights, 1975-1980," by M. Carynnyk;. Horbatch, Ostap Tarnawsky, Bohdan "My Friend Mykola Rudenko," by the Ukraine" and the "Ukrainian Catholic the first section is devoted to Stus' Rubchak, Leonid Rudnytzky, Yuriy Herald," both underground publi­ writings, articles, notes, addresses and late Gen. P. Grigorenko; "Life Sen­ Shevelov and Lubmilla Wolansky. tence: Memoirs of a Ukrainian Po­ cations, and the Ukrainian Patriotic letters. Besides the official letters he sent An extensive bibliography which Movement. to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, litical Prisoner," by Ivan Jaworsky; spans more than 13 pages is also pro­ "Cataract," by Mykhailo Osadchy; and An even more extensive list is pro­ this section also includes his correspon­ vided. It is regarded as the most com­ vided under the heading "Organiza­ dence with International PEN, as well *'History's Carnival: A Dissident's p1ete source book on Stus ever pub­ Autobiography," by Leonid Plyushch, tions Elsewhere," which outlines both as personal letters to friends in the West lished. existing and defunct human and na­ and his support groups within Amnesty to name just a few of this extensive list The book was published as the first in of 17 publications. tional rights groups which sprang up in International. a series titled: "Executed and For­ the United States, Canada and abroad in The second section concentrates on bidden Works by Ukrainian Cultural The chapter also includes a listing of Representation of the Ukrainian He1­ all existing documents and materials Activists," by Smoloskyp Publishers. unofficial organizations in Soviet U- (Continued on page 13) concerning the defense of Vasyl Stus The cover design is by Lesya. during his trials and lengthy imprison­ The book is available from Smo­ ments. It includes the decisions of the loskyp, P.O. Box 561, Ellicott City, Md. Story of religion vs. atheism courts in each of his trials and letters in 21043, U.S.A., for S16.25 (U.S, cur­ A Radiance in the Gulag, The Catholic defense of Stus written by Andrei rency) and S2O.25 (Canadian currency). Witness ofNijole Sadunaite, by Nijole Sadunaite, translated by the Rev. Casimir Pugevicius and Marian Ska' beikis, Manasas, Virginia: Trinity Book tribute to millions Communications, I987. 148 pp. Famine in Ukraine, I932-I93З, edited by Roman Serbyn and Bohdan Kraw- A Radiance in the Gulag is the story cheriko. Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Nijole Sadunaite, a Lithuanian of Ukrainian Studies, University of Catholic woman and her strong will to Alberta, 1986, 192 pp. S19.95. believe in God while existing in an atheistic, oppressive state. The book, The man-made famine in 1932-33 in which is composed of manuscripts Soviet Ukraine, which claimed the lives smuggled out of Lithuania over a period of miilions, is the subject of this study of years, has been edited into a unified released in 1986. whole and translated into Enghsh under The volume contains a series of the auspices of the Lithuanian Catholic selected papers from a conference held Religious Aid in New York. at the University of Quebec at Montreal In the introduction, Dr. Thomas in 1983, Bird, a professor of Slavic studies and political science at Queens College in According to the editors, Roman New York, comments: "This is a con­ Serbyn, a professor of Russian and East A Radiance temporary, Catholic, counterpart to the European history at the University of Diary of Anne Frank." Quebec, and Bohdan Krawchenko, the in tfie 6ylaf In her biographical writings, which director of the Canadian Institute of Ms. Sadunaite titles, "How I Became a Ukrainian Studies in Edmonton, un­ the Gulag and three years in exile in Target of the KGB," she writes about doubtedly one of the main reasons for Siberia. her childhood memories, which include the lack of public awareness about the Even this ordeal, however, did not the Nazi occupation of Lithuania, the events of the famine has been the crush her spirit. She survived through return of the Soviets, and a decade du­ absence of critical body of scholarship. her faith and trust in God, and stead­ The monograph also looks at the ring which Lithuanian partisans coura­ "Famine in Ukraine, 1932-1933," fastly refused to betray her contacts in question of genocide, and whether the geously resisted the Red Army, waiting represents an attempt to rectify this the larger underground Roman Catho­ Ukrainian famine can be categorized by in vain for help from the West. problem. lic Church. this term, and includes a comparative In August 1974, she was arrested by It explores the following issues: the study of another event unfamiliar to the KGB in Lithuania for the "crime" of The book cover was designed by causes of the famine, source of in­ most in the West, namely the 1921-1923 helping to circulate the Chronicle of the Patrick Diemer. formation about the event, the scope of famine in Ukraine, which was in some Catholic Church in Lithuania, an For more information, write to: population loss, the impact of the respects, a "dress rehearsal" for its more underground journal which records the Bishop Paul Baltakis, Bishop for Spiri­ famine on Ukrainian society and the devastating counterpart a decade later. heroism of the Church behind the Iron tual Care of Lithuanians, 361 Highland Western response. (Continued on page 13) Curtain. She then spent three years in Blvd., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11207. No.30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987

O]f the school's drama club and appeared Receives award in the leading ro1es in St. Joseph's for excellence Notes on people productions of South Pacific and the King and I. He will appear in the MIDDLETOWN, N.J. - Cadet Mikado in Westport, Conn., this Francis L. Holinaty of Middletown, Quartermaster Corps during the Rider рЄаІіIГЄСІ ІП summer. N.J., was awarded one of the country's College commencement in May. He will Mr. Katreczko also was president of most prestigious awards for ROTC enteractiveduty with the U.S. Army in NeWSCJaV аГІІСІЄ the Debate Society, a representative of excellence during a ceremony in May at the fall. ^ the Student Council, the International the Virginia Military Institute in Upon graduation, Mr. Holinaty was Thespian Society, the National and Lexington, Va. named to the college's dean's list, as well Spanish honor societies, Spanish Club, Mr. Holinaty, who graduated magna as the Alpha Lambda Delta and 0micron Law and Government Club, the cum laude on May 31 from Rider Delta Kappa national honor societies. Medical Explorer Post and Varsity College in Lawrenceville, N.J., with a At the same time, he was chosen for indoor and outdoor track teams, the bachelor of science in finance, received Who's Who Among Students in Ame­ newspaper continued. the 1987 George C. Marshall Award as rican Universities and Colleges. Within the ROTC program, he was In addition to his school activities, one of З00 college students from across Mr. Katreczko has been a member of the country recognized for their excel­ the recipient of the ROTC scholar­ ship, served as the cadet battalion P1ast, the Ukrainian Youth lence in military science and leader­ Organization since age six. And for the ship skills. commander, was twice named cadet of the year and for his academic achieve­ past three years, he has been a counselor The George C. Marshall Foundation ments was recognized as a Distingui­ at Camp Bobriwka in Colebrook, and the U.S. Army have distributed the shed Military Student. Conn. awards to the country's top ROTC The UNA Branch 27 member be­ He is also a member of the Society of cadets since 1977. The award is named longed to the Chornomorska Sitch in honor of George C. Marshall who Ukrainian Bandurists and the Eternal junior soccer team as a youth and Echo Bandurist Ensemble of Hartford. served as the Army's chief of staff attended the Sitch Sports School, where during Wor1d War II and later served as He received his diploma from Ridna he was chosen most valuable player and Shkola in New Haven. the secretaries of defense and state outstanding camper. In the annual during the Truman administration. Ukrainian Youth Sports Games he Mr. Katreczko also has played the The son of Mykola and Marion played soccer and earned medals in piano for the past 12 years, and sings Holinaty of Middletown, N.J., Mr. track and field. Eventually, Mr. Holina­ with the choir of the Holy Trinity Holinaty also received a commission to ty was appointed a counselor and Ukrainian Orthodox Church. ^ second lieutenant in the U.S. Army assistant instructor in soccer. Mr. Katreczko is a member of UNA Branch 59.

Natalia Dmytrijuk NEW YORK - Natalia Dmytrijuk, a New York City bandurist and a former assistant editor at The Ukrain­ ian Weekly, was recently featured in a Newsday story headlined "In tune with the past: a Ukrainian bandura." Miss Dmytrijuk, 26, a professional musician and instructor of the bandura, told the New York newspaper of her feelings about nurturing the art of bandura playing. The story featured a photograph of Miss Dmytrijuk playing the bandura. "Anyone who hears the bandura when it's played well just falls in love with it," she told Newsday reporter Christopher M. Bellitto. "There's some­ thing very deep about it." The story also quoted bandurists Francis Holinaty receives award for excellence. Julian Kytasty, Lydia Czorny and Ksenia Jowyk, as well as Nick Czorny, Display eggs Mr. Linevych, a member of UNA administrator of the New York School Branch 488, told the newspaper that he of Bandura. in Arizona collects the intricately decorated eggs, Miss Dmytrijuk is a member of UNA "because Гт Ukrainian and 1'm proud Branch 127. PHOENIX, Ariz. - Alex Linevych, 0fit." a local Ukrainian community activist, Alexander Katreczko has been collecting and displaying He also told reporter Adrianne Flynn Named valedictorian Ukrainian Easter eggs, or pysanky, for that Americans should know more several years now. about Ukraine, and he spoke about of 1987 class Teaches course Ukrainian Easter customs. Recently he and his pysanka col­ HUNTINGTON, Conn. - in culture lection were highlighted in the Mesa Mr. Linevych's 11 dozen pysanky Alexander J. Katreczko, 18,graduated PH0ENlX-01eksandra Bakovych, Tribune/Tempe Daily News Tribune/ have adorned a display case in the with honors and was named Chandler Arizonan Tribune. county building for three years. an assistant professor of art at North valedictorian of the 1987 graduating Arizona University, is in her 10th year class of St. Joseph High School in of teaching a summer course on Trumbull, according to The Ukrainian culture. Huntington (Conn.) Herald. He is the son of Nadia and Jurij Katreczko. The course, which ran this year from Mr. Katreczko will attend Yale February 24 to March 31, included University in the fall, where he will lectures on the making of Ukrainian major in political science and Easter eggs and symbolism in economics. He was also accepted to Ukrainian culture. Princeton University, Ehike University, A resident of Phoenix, Ms. Bakovych Georgetown University and had has been making the Ukrainian eggs received a four-year Presidential since her childhood. Last spring, she Scholarship from Fairfield University, displayed her eggs at a show in Phoenix. the newspaper reported. Ms. Bakovych belongs to UNA Mr. Katreczko is a recipient of the Branch 488. Harvard Book Award, the Elks Foundation Scholarship and the Notes on People is a feature geared Ukrainian National Association toward reporting on the achievements of Scholarship. He was listed in the members of the Ukrainian National "Who's Who Among American High Association. All submissions should be School Students," and in 1986 was concise due to space limitations and picked by U.S. Congressman John must include the person's UNA branch Rowland (R-5) to represent the 5th number, Items will be published as soon Traditional Ukrainian Easter eggs and other folk artifacts from Alex Linevych's District as a congressional page. as possible after their receipt^ when collection on display. Th|e graduate was also vice president spafe permits. tt THE UKRAINIAN ШШ SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 No.30

To be honest, I do not relish t1ie Soviet evidence, it's time we acknow­ the Demjanjuk trial has provided us Ukrainian... thought of some of my Ukrainian ledged that the agency is staffed by a with an invaluable opportunity to (Continued from page 7) friends' reaction to portions of this ^roup of extremely dedicated, talented confront our past, to understand the nian Jews themselves. (See Solomon letter. I expect some heat. Yet I have and conscientious lawyers, all of whom concerns shared by Ukrainians and Goldelman's work on Jewish autonomy expressed unpopular views in this are motivated by a genuine desire to Jews, as well as to understand the in Ukraine: "Zhydivska Natsionalna newspaper on prior occasions, and my bring war criminals to justice. The fact horrendous historical forces that have Avtonomia v Ukraini," published in comments were well-received. that the OS1 has made tragic errors in kept us apart. Instead of taking ad­ 1967. The various forms of "Zhyd"and bringing cha.rges against innocent men vantage of this opportunity, some Ukrai­ Furthermore, I understand from like Frank Walus does not negate the nian and Jewish American leaders have "zhydivsky" are used throughout the conversations with Jewish friends that text.) The term "Yevrey" is an archaic legitimacy of the agency's objectives. been engaging in a kind of useless dissenting opinions and a balanced Nor does it give us the right to sneer at holier-than-thou, one-upmanship, de­ form whose EngHsh equivalent is the approach to controversial issues are not word "Hebrew." the integrity of the people involved. nying the bigotry that exists in their own always tolerated by Jewish audiences to community while villigying and magni­ Confusion arises from the fact that the extent Mr. Rosenbaum would have Even as we challenge OSI's pro­ Russians have use the word "Yevrey"as fying the sins of the other. We have us believe. In her recent column in cedures and remind the OSI of its barely scratched the surface of our the generic word for "Jew." As more Newsweek Magazine (June 30), Eli­ blunders, we need to remind ourselves Russians have occupied Ukainian ter­ potential for mutual understanding. zabeth Loftus, a leading expert on the that the OSI is a revered institution in Yet, incredibly, two of our wisest ritory and the Ukrainian language has flaws of eyewitness identification, the Jewish community, and that it has become more Russified, the term leaders are telling us the time for writes frankly about her decision not to also scored some impressive and un­ dialogue my soon be over. "Yevrey" has gained acceptance and the testify on Mr. Demjanjuk's behalf for deniable victories: the capture of Klaus term "Zhyd" has become disfavored. A fear of being ostracized by her Jewish Barbie, the deportation of such in­ As far as 1'm concerned, the pos­ comparable trend in American culture community in Seattle. Columnist Barry dividuals as Bishop Valerian Trifa, the sibilities for Ukrainian Jewish dialogue might be the gradual phase-out of the Farber wrote on equally enlightening former Yugoslav fascist chief, Andrija are practically limitless. Here in the term "Negro" in reference to black item in the New York City Tribune, Artukovic, and yes, Karl Linnas, who Boston area, we have gained much persons. While "Negro" was a perfectly describing the bigoted attitudes that he never denied his supervision of mass through cooperation with Jewish respectful term at one time, it fell into has encountered during speeches be­ murder at the Tartu Concentration leaders, and I am sure that there are disuse upon the request of black leaders. fore Jewish groups. According to Mr. Camp. And yes, if The Weekly editors Jewish and Ukrainian activists all If enough of our Jewish friends really Farber, a certain amount of Ukrai­ are sincere about their repudiation of across the United States and Canada find the term "Zhyd" offensive, I think nian-bashing goes over well with some Nazi war criminals, they (and all of us) who could achieve stunning results by we should discontinue its use as a matter hard-liners in the Jewish community. should applaud the OS1's success in working together to build awareness of of courtesy, regardless of how ac­ When speaking in defense of East bringing several proven Ukrainian the Holocaust, the Famine of 1932-33, ceptable the term may have been in the European emigres, says Mr. Farber, he collaborators to trial. and current human-rights crises. It is past. A person has a right to be called by has been subjected to consiberable I am not suggesting that we abandon much too early for any of us to write off the name he chooses, and we should abuse. (See: "Demjanjuk is Symbol of those Ukrainian Americans we believe each other's community, and it would have no objection to using the term Jewish Distaste for East Europeans," to be wrongly accused or mistakenly be foolish for us to paint our critics into "Yevrey" when speaking Ukrainian. March 25, 1986.) identified as war criminals. We should a corner with self-ifulfilling prophecies But Mr. Rosenbaum is wrong to By drawing these issues to Mr. Ro- continue demanding that all OS1 pro of bad faith, hyprocrisy or intransi­ impute malice to the vast majority of cedures comply strictly with Ame­ gence. Ukrainians who use the term "Zhyd" or senbaum's attention, 1 am not asking him to refrain from criticizing Ukrai­ rican, not Soviet, due process stan­ In saying this, I do not mean to "zhydivsky" in its generic, non­ dards. We should continue demanding trivialize our conflicts. The frustration pejorative sense. He misleads and nian leaders of the Ukrainian press. On the contrary, he has every reason to that Mr. Demjanjuk be presumed expressed by Messrs. Kuropas and needlessly alarms his Jewish readers innocent until a11 the evidence is in. Rosenbaum stems from very real and when he translates the wor1d as "Yid" so challenge remarks he finds offensive, and to defend against any attack on his Here again, Mr. Rosenbaum must be complex problems underlying the Dem­ as to make mainstream Ukrainian janjuk case. I think both spokesmen publications sound like Ku Klux K1an personal integrity or his people's honor. honest with himself before criticizing 1 would only hope that Mr. Rosenbaum our response to the issue: If an IsraeU know that despite the restraint and rags. The fact that the American slur mutual respect demonstrated by the and the generic Ukrainian title rhyme would try to be more circumspect and citizen were accused of war crimes and evenhanded in his critique. threatened with deportation to Libya majority of our people, the level of anti­ does not homogenize their meaning. Semitism in the Ukrainian community, Finally, it is unfair for Mr. Ro­ The same goes for Dr. Kuropas. I on the strength of identification cards or eyewitnesses supplied by Palestinian, and the level of Ukrainophobia in the senbaum to imply that the Jewish would agree with Kuropas that "pontifi- Jewish community is far greater than community is generally tolerant of cation" and "bullying" is not the way to Syrian or Soviet authorities, I am sure that Jewish Americans would rally to either of them dares to admit. The bad dissenting opinions, while the Ukrai­ pursue a dialogue. Neither in name­ blood between some of our people runs nian community "vi1lifies" its critics and calling or one-upmanship. It does not his defense. No matter how damning or seemingly conclusive such evidence so deep that none of us knows exactly, refuses to provide anything "remotely help matters when Dr. Kuropas refers to how to address it. But address it we approaching balanced coverage" of the Mr. Rosenbaum as an "apparatchik" of might be, no matter how many times that PLO-supplied identification card must. OSI's activities. Such a one-side com­ the OS1. For all our disapproval of the In the months to come, we need to be parison begs a response. OS1's methods, and its reliance on were tested and authenticated, I would wager that the Jewish community particularly vigilant against any pre­ would remain skeptical, identify itself judiced outbursts. We have to expect with the accused, and refuse to accept that the trial in Israel will continue to his guilt. (And Mr. Rosenbaum cannot heighten tensions between us and our honest1y tell us that the Soviets are Jewish friends. Our leaders and our any more trustworthy than the FLO.) clergy in particular, need to impress At some point, Mr. Rosenbaum must upon all 0four people the importance of step out of his ro1e as ex-prosecutor, keeping a cool head and an even temper step into our shoes, and recognize in responding to those who might bait Soyuzivka's that what he has demanded of us is a or brand us. As we self-proclaimed very difficult thing: the repudiation of "Christians" prepare for next year's a man we are not convinced is guilty Millennium, we need to be reminded of beyond a reasonable doubt. the saintly example of Metropolitan 1987 Season Andrey Sheptytsky and other staunch defenders of the Jewish people. We need APARTMENT FOR RENT to be reminded of Cardinal Bernard Maplewood - 4 rooms S525.0O Law's grave admonition: "There is no plus utilities. 7 rooms S850.0O electricity room for hatred in a Christian heart; included - available immediately . There is no room for prejudice." Our Saturday, August 1, 1987 763-8371after5:00 P.M. Millennium will be that much more Adults preferred - no pets. 8:30 p.m. CONCERT inspiring if we can live up to this "Verkhovyna" Trio principle. Ulana Senchyshyn HURYN MEMORIALS I am confident that with God's help, 10:00p.m. -DANCE FOR THE FINEST IN CUSTOM MADE the coming year will mark not one, but "Tempo" - Orchestra MEMORIALS INSTALLED IN ALL CEME­ two monumental occasions: the Mil­ TERIES IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA lennium of Ukrainian Christianity, and Saturday, August 8, 1987 Saturday, August 15, 1987 of New York including Holy Spirit in (just as importantly) the Year of Re­ 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT y^mptonburgh, N.Y., St. Andrew's in South conciliation between Ukrainian Christi­ **ZorJa" - Dancir)g Ensemble Dancing Ensemble School Bound Brook, Pine Bush Cemetery in ans and Jews. 10:00 p.m. - DANCE Kerhonkson and Glen Spey Cemetery Roma Pryma-Bohachevsky in Glen Spey, New York. Alex and Dorko -Orchestra Alexander B. Kuzma 10:30 p.m. - DANCE We offer personal service & guidance in your Jamaica Plain, Mass. Orchestra -Khloptsi zi Lvova home. For a bilingual representatives call: EDITOR'S NOTE: Mr. Kuzma has There^s no pIace like IWAN HURYN apparently misread The Weekly's edito­ P.O. Box 121 rial, which says that "traditional U- Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 10916 krainian anti-Semitism" is a myth and Tel.: (914) 4272б84 SOYUZIVKA the Ukrainians collectively cannot be SOYUZIVKA UNA ESTATE BOHDAN REKSHYNSKYJ held responsible for the beliefs of some 45 East 7th Street Foordemoore Rd.. Kerhonkson. N.Y. 12446 m (914) 626-5641 New York, N.Y. 10003 of their compatriots. The editorial does Tel.: (212) 477652З not say, as Mr. Kuzma writes, thatanti- Semitisrrl^riiDtig Ukrainians \su myth. No.30 THE UKRA1NIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 13

Directory lists... organizations, this directory also in­ Book tribute.-: cludes many organizations which no Manor... (Continued from page 10) longer exist. Some may hve been forced (Continued from page 10) (Continued from page 8) to disband or have disappeared because The contents of this book include the sinski Group, headed by former po­ selected to reflect the traditional ideals of the severity of repression directed following essays: James E. Mace, "The litical prisoner Nadia Svitlychna, Smo- and values upon which MJC is founded against their members. Organizations loskyp Organization for the Defense of Man-Made Famine of 1933 in Soviet and at the same time emphasize a which are operating underground or Human Rights in Ukraine, Americans Ukraine"; Bohdan Krawchenko, "The modern, clean look. clandestinely, may not provide the same for Human Rights in Ukraine and the Man-Made Famine of 1932-І933 and The new logo design was used offi­ type of information typically found in Ukrainian National Association with its Collectivization in Soviet Ukraine"; M. cially for the first time in the new college other directories, such as addresses and publication, The Ukrainian Weekly, to Maksudov, "Ukraine's Demographic catalogue and the fall admissions de­ phone numbers. Most of the in­ name just a few organizations. Losses 1917-1938"; James E. Mace, partment recruitment materials. formation on these groups is based on The directory is unique and different "The Famine of 1933: A Survey of the Manor Junior College, located on reports smuggled out to the West and, from previously published directories in Sources"; Marco Carynnyk, "Making Fox Chase Road and Forrest Avenue, for obvious reasons, is less than com~ this Human Rights Internet series the News Fit to Print: Walter Duranty, offers 16 programs of study in the p1ete. because it is intended as a major nei" The fV[ew York Times and the Ukrai­ iiberal arts and science, busmess and working toot for those concerned with The direrrory is avaiiabie from Hu­ nian Famine of 1933"": Andre Liebich,. allied health fields. For mfoimation on numan Ti9hib m casiern c u -?о'='. man Rights interneI, l-!avard L,UW "Russian Mensheviks and the Famine admission call (215) 885-?'Зг.\ Wnereas 0ti1eI djrectones ч :his SchooL Pound HaIl R0o1n 40 L Camb­ of \9VГ: Marco СагVппук, *'BIind Eye щштшшАтшішіш,иттиитіть ііі.іміа*р шишттяв^^'^тяят^-^.7тт^тттщ serie^ nave tiescriDecl onlv exisiing ridge, Mass.. 02138. CO Murder; Bntairu the United States and the Ukrainian Famine of I933" UKRAINIAN RESOrf | sion of the possibilities of extending ; SOYUZIVK,A і Л- Wsevoiod W,, Isajiv, ''The Impact of the the liIe0f Ihe Ukraine Famine Commis~ Man-Made Famine on the Structure л і sion beyond its two-year mandate in Ukainian Society'\ Roman Serby^ і in Kerhonkson, N. (Continued from page 3) order to achieve many of the goals set at ; is I00King 'or a introduction of the lamme into the 'The Famineof !92I~1923: A ModeI for that day s meeting, especially the publi­ 1932-I93З?"; Frank Chalk and Kurt pubhc school curriculum. Dr. Kuropas, cation of a volume of oral history COOK or ASSISTANT COOK who spearheaded the curriculum effort Jonassohn, "Conceptualizations of selections and further curriculum ef­ Genocide and Ethnocide." with last fairs educators' workshop on forts. One of the Commission's major Salary negotiable and plus medical bene­ the famine held in Chicago, sponsored The book may be ordered from the fits. problems is that its effort is now University of Toronto Press Distri­ by the Illinois Ethnic Consultation in For information please call: beginning to outstrip its financial bution Department, 5201 Dufferin St., cooperation with the Illinois State (914) - 626-5641 resources. With or without an exten­ Downsview, Ont. M3H 5T8. Board of Education, examined ways in sion, the Commission has reached a which public commissioners wishing to point where private fundraising is vital conduct similar workshops in their if it is to fulfill the hopes placed in it at THE PERFECT GIFT home state could do so. The commissio­ the time of its establishment. ners targeted nine cities as potential sites for an educator's workshop — GOLD TRIDENT Houston, Pittsburgh, Boston, Denver, HVCVLKA Icon & Souvenir's Distribution Detroit, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Minneapolis, and Cleveland. 2860 Buhre Ave. П2П JEWELRY The meeting adjourned with a discus­ Bronx. NY. 10461 Tel (212)93M579atter6 p.m. from Ш Representative and wholesaler of embroidered bIouses for adults and children. Embroidered bIouse - an excellent gift for Join the UNA celebrating the 1000 year Christianity in EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD Ukraine. p.0. Box 2224 Ventnor. N.J. 0840б :j Send 'or free brochure ToII free 1-800-872-3600 ;і ATTENTION: ALL UKRAINIAN ARTISTS The Baltimore, Maryland, Help Wanted Help Wanted UKRAINIAN FESTIVAL THE HOME OFFICE will be on August 29 and 30, 1987. of the All Ukrainian artists are welcome to come and exhibit their artwork with us. There is no exhibit!or UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION fee and only 15% on all sales. has two immediate openings for

For more information and registration please write to: WASYL CLERICAL WORKERS 1202 Regester Ave. IN ITS RECORDING DEPARTMENT Baltimore, Maiyland 21239 Applicants should have some knowledge of the Ukrainian and English languages. or call: (301) 828-6922 Apply by calling(201) 451-2200, ext. 18; or by sending resume to: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, INC. P.O. Box 17A, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07303 THE PRICE OF FREEDOM There's no place like WITHIN WEEKS OUR BROTHER IN CHRIST, OUR FELLOW UKRAINIAN, JOHN DEMJANJUK WILL BEGIN THE BATTLE FOR HIS LIFE. SOYUZIVKA LIKE MANY OF YOU HE HAS SUFFERED THROUGH RELATED FORMS OF PERSECUTION. 1987 SUMMER/FALL HE LIVED THROUGH FORCED FAMINE IN UKRAINE . . . HE LIVED THROUGH WORLD WAR II . . . CAMPS & WORKSHOPS HE LIVED THROUGH FORCED REPATRIATION ... WE BELIEVE HIS ONLY CRIME IS . . . at SOYUZIVKA THAT HE LIVED.

PLEASE HELP PRESERVE THE LIFE OF UKRAINIAN FOLK DANCE WORKSHOP - July 26 - August 8 AN INNOCENT MAN Traditional Ukrainian folk dancing for beginners, intermediate and advanced dancers. Prayers and Financial Support Desperately Needed Instructor: Roma Prima-Bohachewsky .PIease send donations to: Limit 60 students THE JOHN DEMJANJUK Food and lodging S195.0O (UNA members), S225.0O (non-members). DEFENSE FUND Instructor's fee: S100.0O P.O. BOX 92819 CLEVELAND, OH!O 44192 For more mformation, pIease contact the management of Soyuzivka:

The only fcrr4'iy authorized fund in the UNI7 ED ST A TES SOYUZIVKA UMA ESTATE ,. ^ ^-^, ^ except for Churches - - - Foordemoore Rd., Kerhonkson, М,У,Л2446 Щ^ (914) 626-5б41 XIC 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 No.30

Ukrainian National Association Monthly reports for May

RECORDING DEPARTMENT DISBURSEMENTS Paid To Or For Members Cash Surrenders 321,425.74 MEMBERSHIP RECORD Endowments Matured 79.039.00 Death Benefits 63,306.00 Interest On Death Benefits 22.31 Juv. Adults ADD Totals Remsurance Premiums Paid 710.42 Indigent Benefits Disbursed 1,450.00 TOTAL AS OP APRIL. 30. 1987 18,718 50.06З 6,693 75,474 Scholarships 500.00

Gains in May Total S166,453.47

New members 34 55 94 Operating Expenses: Reinstated 31 46 81 Real Estate . S92.152.84 Transferred in 14 16 Svoboda Operation 114,896.78 Change class in 4 7 Official Publication-Svoboda 65,000.00 Transferred from Juv. Dept. Organizing Expenses Advertising S3,207.48 TOTALS GAINS: 119 198 Medical Inspections 225.81 Reward To Special Organizers 13.682.66 LOSSES IN MAY Reward To Organizers 261.90 Suspended 14 32 19 65 Traveling Expenses - Special Organizers . 2.144.54 Transferred out 0 3 11 Field Conferences 1.480.04 Change of class out 3 4 7 Transferred to adults - Total 121.002.43 Died - 63 Cash surrender 43 Payroll. Insurance And Taxes: Endowment matured n36 36 Salary Of Executive Officers S10,697.9O Fully paid-up 19 63 Salary Of Office Employees 52.998.40 Reduced paid-up Employee Benefit Plan 18.88l.6l Extended insurance Insurance-General 1,999.00 Cert, terminated Taxes-Federal, State, & City On Employee Wages . 17.685.50 Tax-Canadian Witholding & Pension Plan TOTAL LOSSES: 95 251 39 385 On Empoyee Wages 416.14

INACTIVE MEMBERSHIP Total S1O2.678.55

GAINS IN MAY General Expenses: Actuarial & Statistical Expenses S8.145.2O 438.15 Paid-up 19 63 82 Books & Periodicals Extended iflsurance 6 ^ 30 General Office Maintenance 1.758.05 %0fBfS?9t^ Insurance Department Fees 348.50 1,202.92 TOTAL GAINS: -25 87 112 Legal Expenses-General .ч - Operating Expense Of Canadian Office 125.00 LOSSES IN MAY Postage , 703.00 Printing & Stationery 2.268.28 741.54 Died 21 21 Telephone. Telegraph Cash surrender 14 12 26 Traveling Expenses - General 3.664.88 Reinstated 8 6 14 Lapsed 5 5 10 Total S19.395.52

TOTAL LOSSES: 27 44 - 71 Miscellaneous: Investment Expense - Mortgages 325.00 TOTAL UNA MEMBERSHIP Ukrainian Publication 18,000.00 670.00 AS OF MAY 31,1987 18,689 49,974 6,665 75,328 Youth Sports Activities Ukrainian Heritage Defense Fund Disbursements . 1.977.88 Accrued Interest On Bonds 12.665.28 Bond Interest Ret'd 4.062.50 WALTER SOCHAN Supreme Secretary Total S37.700.66

Investments: FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT Bonds S966.981.39 Mortgages 82.500.00 INCOME Stock 2.733.73 Certificate Loans 2.789.05 Dues From Members S239.173 66 Real Estate 11.233.57 Income From "Svoboda" Operation 106,579.91 Investment Income: Bonds S340,775.26 Total S1,066.237.74 Certificate Loans :: :^....:...... ;...: 2,214.05 Mortgage Loans .- ;.^...... ;. :....f...... : 37,836.61 Disbursements For May 1987 S1.685.517.99 Banks 9,934.42 Stoclts 2,758.73 Real Estate ....:..:. .іл. ^..; 63,132.21 BALANCE Total . S456,651.28 ASSETS: LIABIUTIES: Refunds: Taxes Federal, State &|aty On, Employee Wagea, S20,939.83 Cash S1,438,186.33 Life Insurance . і Taxes - Canadian Withblding & PensWn PIan ..'.. 509.91 ,.S57.065.810.O5 Bonds , 42.59б:951.31 : Taxes Held In Escrow ....;.„;.;.:.1л:..:;..'.^'...-:V.2.:..:;.... 1,390.97* Mortgage Loans 4.558.496.09 Accidental D.O. I Employee Hospitalization РIал Premiums ,"..;;;,,... 2,585.93 ,.. 1,535.685.79 'Certificate Loans 725.820.87 , Official PuWication ;.'Syobocla" .,...,.^...,...... ,, 69,230.34 Real Estate 1;i60.l49.9l Fraternal ...... :... Scholarstiip Ret'd ...... :....;...... '. 150.00 ,... 100.562.79 Printing Plant8. E.D.P. Equipment 335,051.08 Orphans" Total . S94.8O6.98 ... 360.752.47 ;Stocks 1.187.075.25 Loan ToD.H. ~ U.N.A. 0Id Age Home . Inviestments: (46,348.88) Housing Corp. 104.551.04 ; Bonds Matured Or Sold S458.463.90 Loan To U.N.U.R.C 7.000.000.00 Emergency Mortgages Repaid .. . 59.176.44 89.819.66 ' Certificate Loans Repaid 10.205.83 Total S59.1O6,281.88 Total , ..S59.1O6.281.88 Total S527,846.17

Income^For May 1987 S 1.425.058,00, ULANADIACHUK Supreme Treasurer No.30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1987 15

central publishers as "Kniga" and Lviv journal... "Nauka," including the multivolume THE FIRST OF A SERIES OF collectable T-shirt prints celebrating a (Continued from page 2) "Pisma і Bumagi Petra Pervogo," the Millennium of Ukrainian Chris­ vornytsky. In the latter case, the sub­ journal К0Iок0I and the three-volume "Istoricheskiy Sbornik Volnoyi Rus- tianity is now available! scription was announced and people Printed blue on yellow, in sizes S, M, L, XL; began to form lines at book shops when skoyi Tipografiyi v Londone." The author concedes that there has 5О% cotton - $8.50 each, in Canadian suddenly the order came down "from dollars - 11.80 each. above" to put an end to the whole been some movement in Ukraine as ^*!il"'^* business: well. Collections of poetry by Mykhailo "Can it be that someone is really Semenko and Volodymyr Svidzynskyi afraid that there will be a rebirth of have recently seen the light of day, 01es' Cossackophilism (kozakofilstvo), that Honchar's novel "Sobor" will be pu­ Soviet Ukraine, having read the scho­ blished in a new collection of his works, larly works on the history of the Za- and Pavlo Zahrebelny's banned novel Wholesale quantaties and prices porozhian Sich, will universally begin "Pivdennyi Komfort" is also scheduled available. putting on red Cossack trousers (sha- to be released shortly. Ukrainian pu­ Send check or money order to: ra vary)." blishers have also issued some facsimile ZenI(0 Kobasa Today, adds Mr. Bratyshan, younger publications. 26 Chestnut St. people have not even heard of V. But this is far from sufficient, claims Salem, N.J. 08079 Shukhevych's five-volume "Hutsursh- Mr. Bratyshan. He would like to see Allow 3-4 weeks for delivery. chyna; A. Afanasyev-Chuzhbynsky's available such important journals as "Narysy Dnipra" and "Narysy Dhi- Osnova and Kievskaya Starina; the stra"; the multivolume publications of 19th century Kharkiv publications PETER PIDDOUBNY the Shevchenko Scientific Society; and Kharkovskiy Demokrit, Ukrainskiy ATTORNEY AT LAW the entire library of ethographic ma­ Vestnik, Snip, and Molodyk; Zapo- terials collected by Ivan Frank0. roshskaya Starina; the various journals (718) б58-2718 Whereas recently the Ukrainian mi­ edited by Frank0; the Sovietophile nority in Yugoslavia has managed to Western Ukrainian monthly Vikna and GENERAL PRACTICE Congratulations to publish the second volume of V0I0- "many others." REAL ESTATE MARY and THOMAS FINIVV dymyr Hnatyuk's scholarly works, Such a far-reaching program of WILLS as they celebrate their including his "Etnohrafichni Materialy f1Iling in the historical gaps is, of course, BUSINESS 40th WEDDING ANNIVERSARY z Uhorskoyi Rusi," in Soviet Ukraine commendable. But whether it can be LITIGATION July 26,1947-July 26,1987 information about Hnatyuk's truly realized is more than doubtful, par­ From their loving children enormous work can only be gleaned ticularly in view of the recent speech SERVING: LONG ISLAND LESHA, RON and MARYANN from a few paltry publications. by Ukrainian ideological secretary 5 BOROUGHS OF N.Y.C. To further underscore the contrast Yuriy N. Yelchenko of Party members МНОГАЯ ЛІТА! between what is possible in Moscow of the Kiev writers' organization. The and Leningrad and what still seems to problem is and has always been that, in 150-26 86th Avenue be impossible in Kiev, Mr. Bratyshan the fraternal family of Soviet nations, Jamaica, NY 11432 lists an impressive number of facsimile some nations are more equal than and other publications issued by such others. wr Ukrainian National Association UKRAINIAN FESTIVAL SEEKS TO HIRE PART TIME AND FULL TIME SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA Experienced Labor Day Weekend INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS September 4 - September 7, 1987 - fluent in Ukrainian and English: UKRAINIAN FESTIVAL '87 Toronto, Montreal, Edmonton, Winnipeg and 0tIier areas ^ 4968 Hawley Blvd. Leads supplied -salary not draw - plus override - all benefits. VЙ^ San Diego, CA 92116 Write or telephone: (619) 282-6384 Mr. JOHN HEWRYK Supreme Director for Canada 327 Mc Adam Ave. Winnipeg, 4, Man. Canada R2W OB3 LOSE WEIGHT WITHOUT DIETING! Tel.: (204) 582-8895 or: NEW IN AMERICA Ukrainian National Association, Inc. Now you can lose weight the way mJllions all over the worId already have; without any 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N. J. 07302 diets or exercise! Tel.: (201) 451-2200 OUR UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE BAI LIN TEA and the IS 100% natural Chinese tea, prepared by a thousand year old Chinese method. SUPREME EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE By simply drinking one cup after every meal you can lose up to 30 pounds in no time at all. We guarantee it works. If you are not satisfied, simply return the unused portion and we will of the refund your money. UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Order today! Send checks or Money Orders for S12.0O to: call upon you to HBH IMPORT MARKETING CO. 136-U Broadway, Woodclifff Lake, N.J. 07675 DONATE FUNDS for their work and actions: 1. To promote the Ukrainian Story 2. To counter inaccuracies about Ukrainians ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE 3. To protect the civil rights of Ukrainians Edited by V0I0djmyr Kuhijovyc P!ease mail donations by check of money-order to: VOLUME I(A-F): First of Four Volumes UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE FUND c/o Ukrainian National Association Sn5.(Mr+ Nhippi"ii & *^i*"^**i"j; ^"*-*^** 30 Montgomery Street. Jersey City. N J. 07302 First volume of a major work ot Ukrainian scholarship in the diaspora and include the following form. compIeted with the amount of donation, your name 968 pages containing ар\ roximately 2,800entries and address. Illustrated ihroughout Over 450illustrations in b1ack andivhite; 5 color plates Amount of donation 83 maps, о ot them in color Large color told-out map ol Ukraine with :-2-page gazetteer bound separately in same binding as book Name OKI)I K \()\V \\I) SI \I) \ ( III ( K I OK ^1|4 s\()Ron\ H()()K sroRi: No. and Street W Montfiomvry Stret(, ler\vy ( if\. \.7. 07Ю2

New Jersey residents add б sales tax City State " Zip code 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 26,1987 No.30

Viewpoint... collaboration with Nazis, then it has the right to denaturalize the citizen and Pope invited... PREVIEW (Continued from page 5) deport him. Another option is to res­ (Continued from page 1) Katyn Massacre. At Nuremberg the pond to requests for extradition to a for Religious Affairs, commenting on OF Soviets insisted on attempting to blame country that does claim jurisdiction for the Vatican\ position in regard to the the Germans for the cold-blooded war crimes. Bahic states. EVENTS murder of 11,000 Polish prisoners of What impelled the hearings of l977­ "You must admit: is it comfortable to war and some civilians as a war crime 78 to establish OSI? Throughout the invite guests into your house, if they do August 1 and a crime against humanity. The site 1960s the Soviets held show trials of not recognize you as the master of that of this atrocity was that part of Poland Nazi collaborators and waged heated house?," he said in a conversation with BEAMSVILLE, Ont.: The fourth occupied by the Soviets in the spring of press campaigns about collaborators in Harvey Cox, a professor of theology at annual Vinok Festival opens at 9 1940. The Soviets alleged that when the Germany and the U.S. They sent special Harvard University, which was repor­ a.m. at the Beamsville Fairgrounds, Germans overran Poland in the summer newspapers to the U.S. documenting ted in the weekly Moscow News. exit 64 on the Queen Elizabeth Way. of 1941, they committed the mass these alleged collaborators. One of the The comments made by Kharchevare The entertainment line-up will in­ murder. Their sole evidence, which they 1964 newspapers /featured John Dem- the first time an explicit public reason clude Luba Goy, the Cheremshyna wanted the court to accept as conclusive janjuk of Cleveland, whose trial in the for the decison not to invite the Pope Ensemble and Nove Pokolinya. A proof, was a Soviet report. The chief U.S. would begin 17 years later. As the have been given by an official Soviet dance with Nove Pokolinya will be Soviet prosecutor, Roman A. Ruden- Cold War gave way to detente and spokesperson. _____^. held Saturday and Sunday, 9 p.m. — ko, claimed that there was no need to Jimmy Carter, perhaps the aversion to 12 a.m. There will also be food stalls, call witnesses and that the report collaborating with the Soviets dimi­ exhibits, rides and a baseball tour­ War crimes... presented "irrefutable evidence." The nished. Be that as it may, there arose a (Continued from page 1) nament. Tickets at the gate are S1O court could not allow this and did allow demand to establish the OSI under the and S8 for students and seniors. B'nai В Yith Canada, which appealed to witnesses to be called. The prepon­ criminal division of the Justice Depart­ Prime Minister Brian Mulroney to derance of the evidence weighed strong­ ment. intervene. JEWETT CENTER, N.Y.: An 8 ly against the Soviets, but the judges At the outset of the hearings, Con­ "We are concerned that the good p.m. concert featuring works by decided to make no mention of the gressman Eilberg mentioned that in his intentions of your Government and of Brahms and Liatoshynsky will be Katyn atrocities in their final judg­ travels to the Soviet Union and Israel in the Minister of Justice may be hindered held at the Grazhda. Pianist Thomas ment. the early 1970s, he learned of witnesses by individuals in the (Conservative) Hrynkiw will appear with D. Cleve­ The Soviet-Nazi pact and the Katyn to wartime atrocities involving persons party who oppose the passage of the bill land (violin), J. Lee (violin), L. massacre are but two examples that living in the United States. There were at this time," Frank Dimant, president Heffer (violin), and N. Cybriwsky have posed serious legal and ethical 12 active cases prior to 1973. From time of B'nai BYith said in a telegram to Mr: (cello). The music director is Ihor dilemmas in working with the Soviets to to time in the 1960s and early 1970s Mulroney. Sonevytsky. Single ticket prices start assess guilt for war crimes. there were sensational press accounts in One of Mr. Witer's amendments to at S5. the media of Nazi war criminals prose­ the bill would have extended the defini­ Office of Special Investigations (OSI) cuted by the INS. Out of 51 allegations tion of a suspected war criminal to August 4 of war crimes, nine went to trial from include all war criminals, not just Nazis. The OSI was established in Sep­ 1946to 1973. Allan A. Ryan, Jr., (Quiet This would have made it easier to SAN D!EGO: The Vesna Ukrainian tember 1979 as a result of congressional Neighbors), a former director of OSI, prosecute former Soviet citizens res­ Youth Chora1 and Bandurist En­ hearings held in 1977-78 by the Sub­ believes that in the mid-1970s the ponsible for the Ukrainian famine, semble from Saskatoon will perform committee on Immigration, Citizenship Jewish community became concerned observers said. at 7:30 p.m. in the Puppet Theater, and International Law, chaired by that a new generation was growing up The bill is not expected to be re­ Balboa Park. Ticket prices start at Joshua Eilberg of Pennsylvania. Tech­ ignorant of the Holocaust. The older introduced in the House of Commons S2. For more information call (619) nically the OSI's mandate does not generation wanted to educate a new until September. 461-5257. allow the United States to prosecute generation to the lessons of the past war criminals for crimes committed in through the more aggressive prose­ other countries. If, however, the go­ cution of Nazis or their collaborators. Unofficial youth... Letter on... vernment can establish that a person In any case, the OSI was not formed (Continued from page 2) (Continued from page 3) entered the U.S. and became a citizen by until 1979, over 30 years after the doubts that many of these groups are dissolution of the Nuremberg trials. which I hope you will find helpful and "concealment of a material fact," i.e.. ;*ideologically harmful," and their instructive. energies have to be channelled in the I also humbly ask that you forward At Soyuiivka right direction. The report also conclu­ copies of this letter to the survivors of des by stating that after years of con­ Sobibor here in the United States. I August 1-2 centrating on the problems of Western would appreciate their comments and youth, it was time to divert attention to Soviet youth and invest more resources ask that they consider the contents of KERHONKSON, N.Y. - The in analyzing "youth culture"and unoffi­ this letter, even though it may involve a evening concert at Soyuzivka this cial youth activity. radical revision of convictions hardened weekend will feature a performance In Kultura і Zhyttia, the wide by the painful memory of atrocities by the Verkhovyna vocal trio from chasm between the aspirations of the committed more than 40 years ago. Toronto at 8:30 p.m. in the Veselka younger and older generation was pavilion. Respectfully yours, brought to the fore. їп a discussion The Rev. Deacon Andrew T. Onuferko, The Tempo orchestra will provide following a film young members of the STD music at the zabava following the audience demanded a full and open program. Verkhovyna vocal trio discussion and refused to be lectured UKRAINIAN NATIONAL about *'what to understand and how to ШН шшаашшвшаа understand.'* The newspaper report ASSOCIATION explains that the meeting nearly ended seeks to hire NOTICE in disorder after a confrontation bet­ THE SV08ODA PRESS ADMINISTRATION ween the younger audience and older FULL-TIME CAREER SALES panel. REPRESENTATIVES hereby informs atI organizations and individuals that the administration Newspaper reports of unofficial fluent in Ukrainian and English will not accept any advertisements youth activity in Ukraine have been for CLEVELAND, NEW YORK, infrequent until recently, although UPSTATE NEW YORK, NEW if previous bills are not paid. recent reports indicate that they are more widespread than previously ima­ JERSEY, PHILADELPHIA and Individuals letters concerning unpaid bills will not be sent. gined, noted the UPA. Many of them LEHIGH VALLEY AREA are ecologically orientated, in the after­ Insurance experience not required, we All bills must be paid within 15 days after the publication of an advertisement. math of the Chornobyl nuclear acci­ will train and assist with a full price pac­ Ш dent. The rise in pacifism is probably kage and full financial backing. linked to domestic discontent at being A tremendous potential exists be­ WE HAVE IN STOCK SEVERAL sent to Afghanistan. The Komsomol cause of the Ukrainian National NEW RELEASES: and the authorities are clearly alarmed at the high drop-out rate of the younger Association's commitment to the VASYL STUS generation from official organizations most modern Fraternal Insurance and society. ^^ and Service it can provide. His life and works, recollections and essays by his contemporaries. Correction If you feel that you are the type of person (In Ukrainian) A **Preview of Events'' item incorrectly who can grow with the UNA please send a Compiied and edited by Osyp Zinkevych and labeled St. MichaePs Ukrainian Catholic Mykota Francuzenko. resume or contact: Published by V. Symonenko Smoloskyp Pu­ Church in Woonsocket, R.I., inconjun~ H. P. Floyd, FIC. blishers, Smoloskyp, Baltimore-Toronto, 1987, ction with the Odessa Ukrainian Dan­ National Sales Director printed by Ukraprint, Woodstock, Md., 4б3 pp., cers ОЇ Rhode Island, as sponsoring Ukrainian National Association Inc hard cover, price S17.0O. Ukrainian Heritage Week and Summer 30 Montgomery Street, New Jersey residents please add б% sales tax. Cultural Workshop. St. MichaePs SVOBODA BOOK STORE Jersey City, N. J. 07302. 30 Montgomery Street Ukrainian Orthodox Church, along Tel.: (201) 4512200 Jersey City, N. J. 07302 with the dance group, is actually spor- soring ihc c\ent.