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Mazhar Khoyee" and Examination of Its Stylistic Features Pjaee, 17 (9) (2020)

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Mazhar Khoyee CRITICAL CORRECTION OF DIVAN "MAZHAR KHOYEE" AND EXAMINATION OF ITS STYLISTIC FEATURES PJAEE, 17 (9) (2020) CRITICAL CORRECTION OF DIVAN "MAZHAR KHOYEE" AND EXAMINATION OF ITS STYLISTIC FEATURES Reza Sadeghpour: PhD student of Persian language and literature of Urmia University. Abdullah Toloui Azar: Assistant Professor of Persian language and literature , Urmia University. Karamali Ghadamyari: Assistant Professor of Persian language and literature , Urmia University. Critical correction of :Reza Sadeghpour: Abdullah Toloui Azar: Karamali Ghadamyari Divan "Mazhar Khoyee" and examination of its stylistic features-- Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/Egyptology 17(9). ISSN 1567-214x Keywords: Abbas Qoli Khan, Mazhar, Return style, Persian poetry and manuscript Abstract Abbas Qoli Khan alias Mazhar is one of the tasteful poets of the thirteenth century. He is a native of Khoy, one of the cities of West Azerbaijan, who moved to Tehran when he was young. Mazhar is a Shiite poet and one of the followers of Haj Mirza Baba Zahabi (Raz Shirazi) from the Zahabi dynasty. His divan consists of poetic forms such as ghazal, masnavi, ode, piece and quatrain. His romantic lyric poems are full of mystical themes and terms that have been composed following Saadi and Hafez. In the poem, like other followers of the style of returning, he paid attention to Manouchehri, Ansari and Khaghani. Some of his poems are in praise of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Imam Ali, and some are in praise of the great men of the Qajar court, including Nasser al-Din Shah, Muzaffar al-Din Shah, Prince Abdul Baqi, Heshmat al-Dawla and Prince Heshmat al-Dawla. He also has poems in praise of the famous novelist Mohammad Baqer Khosravi. The present article has been written using the library method and based on the lithographic version of the poet's divan, which is the complete and most regular version available in the library of the Documents Organization and the National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Using the available hints, while introducing the poet, the author examines the mentioned version, the themes and coordinates of the poem. The results of the research indicate that he is the embodiment of the average poets of the Qajar period. His poetic language is fluent, and the weights of his poetry fit well with the concepts and themes of his poems. The abundance of mystical terms indicates the mystical spirit of his sonnets, and his poems are generally difficult and full of literary and Islamic and Iranian allusions. 5727 CRITICAL CORRECTION OF DIVAN "MAZHAR KHOYEE" AND EXAMINATION OF ITS STYLISTIC FEATURES PJAEE, 17 (9) (2020) Introduction The literary texts of the past are valuable treasures of culture and literature of Iran that if ignored, will be forgotten over time and future generations will be deprived of this cultural and literary background. But there are individuals who work hard and attempt to let the future enjoy these cultural and literary heritages and play a significant role in transmitting the rich culture of the past with continuous efforts and offering revisions and critiques to these valuable texts. An overview of libraries and cultural centers clarifies the fact that the richness of our culture and literature today takes roots in the strong cultural backing of manuscripts, and it makes us owe to the capable poets and writers of the past to a great extent. Were it not impacted by the prominent and capable proofreaders such as Allameh Ghazvini, Badio Zaman Forouzanfar, professor Jalal-e-Din Homaee, and many others, a large number of these valuable texts would not have been available to the present day lovers of literature and culture, and they might have probably been destroyed in the corners of houses, libraries, and mosques. In that case, the dynamism of today's culture and literature would give way to stagnation, and it had nothing to say like that of some rootless nations. According to what was mentioned, the value of revising literary texts becomes more and more obvious to the men of letters and warns them against negligence in this field. Because our originality and identity are tied to these written works and, in other words, manuscripts, which reveal the facts of the individual and social life of the past and make us judge and criticize them. In each period of the tumultuous history of Iran, the individuals emerged with emotions and feelings full of love and mysticism and spread Persian poetry to India and China as the flag bearers of Persian literature and introduced the beliefs and traditions of this region to the audience all over the world. One of these tasteful and talented poets is Abas Gholi Khan Mazhar Khoee, who lived in the 13th century and; despite his short life, he left rich and meaningful poems and remained in the arena of Persian literature. Background and Research Methodology In the books by famous men of Khoi, the name of Abbas Gholi Khan Mazhar is seen as one of the mystic poets. Momtaheno Dowle, one of the political figures of the Qajar period, mentions a mystic and dervish figure in his book of memoirs, who is certainly the embodiment of Abbas Gholi Khan (Momtaheno Dowle, 1983: 164-168). Additionally, according to the examination of bibliographic sources and printed books, it was found that a person named Mehdi Asefi published Mazhar's poetical work (Divan) in 2014 simply using a lithographic version without evaluating various versions of Mazhar's Divan in a deductive way and even without annotation and mention of copies and comments and without a detailed introduction; therefore, this research aims to criticize the value of this poetical work more and more in the presence of men of letters by using manuscripts and lithographs in a critical style, along with mentioning copies in footnotes, and margins, and suspenses. 5728 CRITICAL CORRECTION OF DIVAN "MAZHAR KHOYEE" AND EXAMINATION OF ITS STYLISTIC FEATURES PJAEE, 17 (9) (2020) Introducing the court version In the correction of Abbas Gholi Khan Mazhar Khoi's Divan of Ghazals, he used six copies of the Divan of the poet and used one of the copies, which was more readable and complete than the others, as the basic version and adapted the rest to it. This correction is critical and any Where I felt the word or phrase or phrase seemed more correct, I wrote it down and mentioned the rest in a footnote. There are six copies of the collection of poems, which I will briefly describe below. 1. Basic version: The stone version of the Divan of Abbas Gholi Khan Mazhar Khoii has been registered as the most complete and orderly version, No. 11712-6, in the library of the Documents Organization and the National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Its typeface is Nasta'liq and the book includes margins and text. This copy has been lithographed along with the poems of Mirza Khorram Dashti (1704-1825) and written by Abbas Ali. In this version, the lyric poems are arranged in alphabetical order based on the last letter of the verses. 2. Age version: The stone version of the court number (1 Fa 8, 5 /, d 644 M) written by Ahmad Ibn Hussein and by Ali Ibn Ibrahim in 1318 AH has been lithographed and registered in the National Library of Tabriz . The type of line is suspended and the pages of the book have a table around the lines. This version includes lyric poems, poems of praise, Masnavi and Marathi and is more in harmony with the basic version. 3. Abu version: The manuscript of Abu was written in the handwriting of Abul Hassan Tabrizi on the twelfth day of Dhu al-Hijjah in 1886 and has been registered in the National Library under the number 11-6662. The poems in this book are written in margins and text. In this version, Tarzi Afshar poems and Anis Al-Ashaq book written by Sharafuddin Rami are also available. 4. Dan Copy: This manuscript No. 2669 has been donated and registered to the National Library of Tabriz by the late Haj Mohammad Nakhjavani. In this version, Divan Mazhar has been written along with the poems of Asrar (Mullah Hadi Sabzevari). The pages of this version are also in the form of text and margins. 5. Sorrow version: This manuscript was written by Isa Ibn Mahdi Ibn Haji Mohammad Sadegh Moin Al-Tajjar on 1206 in Nastaliq script and registered with the registration number 85744 in the library of the National Assembly. In this version, only the lyric poems are written. 6. Tail version: This version is dated 1904. It was written in Nastaliq script by Abdul Mohammad bin Fazl Ali Khan Baghmishe. The manuscript includes lyric poems, poems, Masnavi, Marathi, pieces and quatrains of the poet, which have been registered in the library of the Islamic Consultative Assembly under number 208302. Description of Abbas Gholi Khan Mazhar Mazhar's biography, despite its rich poems, is not described in detail in Tazkereh books. Only a few sources mention his brief biography, as none of these sources mention the date of birth and death as well as his age. Only in the book "Scientists of Azerbaijan" and in a short way, his age is less than thirty years and his death are mentioned without mentioning the date in 5729 CRITICAL CORRECTION OF DIVAN "MAZHAR KHOYEE" AND EXAMINATION OF ITS STYLISTIC FEATURES PJAEE, 17 (9) (2020) Tehran (Tarbiat, 2008: 500). Riahi introduces him as the son of Zayn al- Abedin Khan Chaparbashi and a famous poet of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar's contemporaries who went to Tabriz from Khoy and lived in Tehran (Riahi, 1993: 242-243).
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