TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IRELAND NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK INDICATORS 2018
April 2019 2
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 KEY TRENDS 3 A: KEY TREND SUMMARY
TRAVEL HOTSPOTS: TRAFFIC GROWTH:
M50 Dublin area: N40 Cork area: Border 145,000 vehicles per day 85,000 vehicles per day 1% 0.4% Midlands Hotspot: Hotspot: 2.1% West -1.1% 0.6% Dublin 0.1% 0.5% +0.5% 0.5% 0.4% Mid-East Mid-West 0.6% 2.4% Traffic Growth 0.0% South-East across the network 0% 0.5% in 2018 was 0.5%. All Motorways National National National Primary Secondary South-West -0.4% Roads Roads Roads M50 KEY NETWORK STATISTICS CHANGES IN PEAK HOUR SPREAD M50:
The peak hours remain the SHARE OF DAILY TRAFFIC 2017 2018 10% same as 2018: 6.30 - 9.30 100000 13,345 1.52 billion and 15.30 - 18.30, with peak AM PM 9% Highest hourly flow Vehicle km travelled. spreading occurring resulting recorded on the N3 - N4 This represents a 1% 8% in an increased share of trips 2018 between 4pm and 5pm on increase on 2017 between 6.00 and 8.00 in the 2017 7% 28th March morning and a slight increase 2016 2015 between 15.00 and 16.00 in 2014 6% the evening. This was a result 2013 Percentage Share of Total Traffic Share Total Percentage of of continued growth on the 5% May 178,770 1,164 National Roads network and
Highest Daily Flow Total No. of Incidents traffic demand reaching Percentage Share of Traffic 18 4% Recorded between the previously unreached levels 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 6 7 8 15 16 17 N3-N4 especially on the M50. HourHour Beginning Beginning FATAL COLLISIONS ON THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK 2014 - 2018 TOTAL FATALITIES ON THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK IN 2018 29 2 4 0 17
2014–2018 Drivers Passengers Motorcyclists Cyclists Pedestrians Total fatal collisions on National Roads: -24% 7 1 1 3 6 3
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
66 61 72 46 50 19 2 2 0 8
Motorway National Primary National Secondary Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 NEWS 4 B: NEWS & INFORMATION
News Information
Traffic Indices The traffic indices are produced on a Traffic Monitoring Units The TII Traffic Indices represent a measure quarterly basis and annual growth rates can TII now has over 370 Traffic Monitoring Units of global traffic demand over time for a also be output. The base for the TII Traffic around the country which are used to particular grouping of traffic monitoring Indices is Q3 2013. The Traffic Indices can be monitor traffic patterns and to plan future units (TMUs) on the National Roads found at indices.tii.ie interventions. A programme of work to Network. An index is a statistical measure deliver a further 30 sites was ongoing in of changes in a representative group of National Transport Model (NTpM) 2018 with data from these sites going live in individual data points over a time period. Since its release in 2013 the NTpM is Q2 2019. updated annually using data from the See website: www.nratrafficdata.ie TII Traffic Indices for all traffic and HGVs Traffic Monitoring Unit network. An updated only are available nationally, by region, by version of the NTpM representing 2016 Motorway Service Helpline road type, by TEN-T network status and for traffic patterns and demand is due for A Motorway Service Helpline has been certain corridors of interest. This allows for release in Q2 2019. The updated model set-up to assist roads users in difficulty broad estimates in traffic growth trends on has been used in the production of these on a Motorway. All calls are directed a national or regional basis and on the basis 2018 Network Indicators. Documentation through the Motorway Traffic Control of road type, route corridor and vehicle type. regarding the National Transport Model can Centre (MTCC) and the number is: be located on the TII website at www.tii.ie/ tii-library/strategic-planning/ 0818-715-100 or; [email protected]
Further information and live traffic updates are available on www.tiitraffic.ie
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION P6 1. ROAD NETWORK P7 2. ECONOMIC P25 3. ROAD CONDITION P27 4. SAFETY P34 5. ACCESSIBILITY + ENVIRONMENT P38
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 6
INTRODUCTION
Transport Infrastructure Ireland’s mission is to deliver transport infrastructure and services that contribute to the quality of life of the people of Ireland and support the country’s economic growth
For this purpose, TII has overall reductions in the cost of operating vehicles. Transport Infrastructure Ireland considers it responsibility not only for the planning Society as a whole benefits from increased important to monitor the performance and and supervision of the construction and economic productivity, reduced energy use of the National Roads network and to maintenance works on these roads, but consumption and a better environment. share this information with the public. also for ensuring the efficient use and safe operation of the National Roads network. If the National Roads network is operated This publication sets out some key to a high standard, then road users will indicators of performance and usage of the Efficient use of the National Roads network enjoy safe journeys with predictable journey National Roads network. provides benefits to road passengers and times. road freight users in the form of shorter journey times, reduced congestion and
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE: ROAD NETWORK ONE | ROAD NETWORK 8 A: LENGTH OF NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK Length of National Roads network by road type 2018
There are in excess of 5,300 kilometres of National Roads network in Ireland. The National Roads network is comprised Road type: of 969 km of motorway, 301km of dual Motorway 969km carriageway and 4,062km of single Dual carriageway 301km carriageway. Single carriageway 4,062km The actual length of the National Roads network fluctuates year on year due to road reclassification, realignments to existing National Roads, completion of new roads and analysis/updating of data 18% in the TII Roads Database. 6%
76%
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 9 B1: LEVEL OF USAGE OF THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK Level of usage of the National Roads network as measured by Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)
The continued growth in the M1M1 Irish economy is reflected by the growth in traffic on the National Roads network. AADT M50 In Dublin, the M50 continues to experience growth in levels of usage as measured by N11 Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) flows, M11 with the section between Junction 5 (N2) and Junction 9 (N7) carrying in excess of 140,000 AADT. Increased economic activity outside of the Dublin region is also apparent with further AADT growth being experienced on the N40 (Cork South Ring Road) in 2018.
AADT (thousands per day)
1–5 17–25 75–100 M8
5–10 25–50 100–125
N40 10–17 50–75 125-150
AADT Cork
Transport Infrastructure Ireland Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 10 B2: FREIGHT MOVEMENTS ON THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK Level of usage of the National Roads network by freight vehicles as measured by Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) AADT
The level of usage of the National Roads network by freight vehicles, as M1 measured by Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) AADT, continues to experience growth particularly in AADT M50 economic centres near M11 major ports.
HGV AADT (thousands per day)
0-0.5 2-3 7-9
0.5-1 3-5 9-11
N8 1-2 5-7 11-13
N40
AADT Cork
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 11 C1: LEVEL OF SERVICE: MORNING RUSH-HOUR, NATIONAL ROADS Proportion of the National Roads network operating under each level of service condition
50% The level of service (LOS) provided by 40% 60% roads may be assessed using recognised 30% 70% international standards. LOS is a quality All Roads measure describing operational conditions 20% 80% within a traffic stream. Following the 10% 90% substantial investment in National Roads 0% in recent times, most route sections are operating to the highest standard of service. For further information see: Transport Research and Information Note: A Study of Lane Capacity, online at www.tii.ie/tii-library/ 50% 40% 60% strategic-planning 30% National 70% Primary 20% Roads 80%
10% 90% 0%
A. Free flow
B. Reasonably free flow 50% 40% 60% C. Stable flow 30% National 70% D. Approaching unstable flow Secondary 20% Roads 80%
E. Unstable flow 10% 90% 0%
F. Forced or breakdown flow
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 12 C2: VOLUME TO CAPACITY RATIO: NATIONAL PRIMARY ROADS Proportion of the National Primary Roads network operating at each level of capacity
The Volume to Capacity (V/C) Ratio relates the AADT volume carried on a section of road to its daily operational capacity.
The V/C Ratio for the National Primary Roads network indicates that over 70% of the network is operating at or below 80% of its daily capacity. This reflects the significant investment made in the National Primary Roads network in recent times. 50% 40% 60% *Capacity based on TII Rural Road Link Design 30% National 70% Standard Table 6.1 (DN-GEO-03031) Primary 20% Roads 80%
10% 90% 0%
Operating Below 80% Capacity
Operating between 80% - 100% Capacity
Operating between 100% - 120% Capacity
Operating above 120% Capacity
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 13 C3: VOLUME TO CAPACITY RATIO: NATIONAL SECONDARY ROADS Proportion of the National Secondary Roads network operating at each level of capacity
The Volume to Capacity (V/C) Ratio relates the AADT volume carried on a section of road to its daily operational capacity.
The V/C Ratio for the National Secondary Roads network indicates that just under 50% of the network is operating at or below 80% of its daily capacity. This indicates that investment is required in the National Secondary Roads network to match the performance of the National Primary Roads 50% 40% 60% network. 30% National 70% Secondary *Capacity based on TII Rural Road Link Design 20% Roads 80% Standard Table 6.1 (DN-GEO-03031) 10% 90% 0%
Operating Below 80% Capacity
Operating between 80% - 100% Capacity
Operating between 100% - 120% Capacity
Operating above 120% Capacity
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 14 D1: M50 PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 2018 Key network statistics
The M50 is the most heavily trafficked road in the country with nearly 145,000 vehicles using several sections on an average day.
N3 N2 M1 13,345 1.52 billion 146,500 137,750 BALLYMUN122,250 M1/M50 Highest hourly flow recorded on Vehicle km travelled. 7.5% 7.6% 8.3% 6 5 4 3 the N3 - N4 between 4pm and This represents a 1% 82,250 5pm on 28th March increase on 2017 144,500 9.3% 7.8% 2 N4 7 23,000 COOLOCK May 178,770 1,164 144,750 40.7% Highest Daily Flow Recorded Total No. of Incidents 7.1% 18 1 on M50 between the N3-N4 of which 541 were N7 9 Traffic Collisions 132,250 DUBLIN PORT 3.8% M11 BALLYMOUNT FRIDAY 10 Busiest Typical Day 13 minutes 121,250 Average Response Time 3.2% FIRHOUSE BALLINTEER SANDYFORD (N31) CARRICKMINES CHERRYWOOD 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2.9% 3.2% 3.5% 3.3% 3.1% 3.5% 16:00 -18:00 30 minutes 113,000 107,250 75,250 72,750 69,250 49,750 N81 N31 M11 Peak Incident Time Median Duration of Incidents M50 Schematic Layout 2018 Annual Average Daily Traffic (%HGV) on M50
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 15 D2: M50 PERFORMANCE SUMMARY Traffic growth and typical working day conditions represented by level of service MADT at M50 (e-flow toll between J6 & J7) 160,000
The level of service (LOS) provided by 150,000 roads may be assessed using recognised international standards. LOS is a 140,000 quality measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream. 130,000
Average hourly levels of service for the (VEHS) full year were analysed from TII Traffic 120,000 Monitoring Units which give an indication of what the busiest times of a typical 110,000 day were, and what sections of the M50 Monthly Average Traffic Daily were most congested in 2018. A typical 100,000 working day in 2018 refers to all weekdays Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Nov Sep Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar May May May May May excluding school holidays and public May holidays. 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
J2-M1 J2-M1 N2-J4 N2-J4 N3-N2 N3-N2 N4-N3 N4-N3 N7-N4 N7-N4 N7-J10 N7-J10 A. Free flow J10-N81 J10-N81
B. Reasonably free flow N81-J12 N81-J12 J12-J13 J12-J13 Northbound C. Stable flow Southbound J13-J14 J13-J14
D. Approaching unstable flow J14-J15 J14-J15 J15-J16 J15-J16 E. Unstable flow J16-J17 J16-J17 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F. Forced or breakdown flow Hour of Day Hour of Day
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 16 D3: N40 PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 2018 Key network statistics Several sections of the N40 Cork Southern Ring Road carry in excess of 80,000 vehicles on an average day
8,889 10 minutes 113 Highest hourly flow recorded Average Response Time Total No. of Incidents on the Kinsale Rd - Douglas of which 34 were section between 08:00 and Traffic Collisions 09:00 on 7th March M8
DEC 103,812 0.34 Billion Vehicle km travelled. 20 Highest Daily Flow Recorded DUNKETTLE on the Kinsale Rd - Douglas This represents a 3.1% N8 11 N25 section on 20th December increase on 2017 JACK LYNCH TUNNEL FRIDAY 12 Busiest Typical Day N22 N27 4.5% 67,250 09:00 -10:00 BALLINORA/ CURRAHEEN BANDON RD SARSFIELD RD TOGHER KINSALE RD DOUGLAS WEST DOUGLAS EAST BLOOMFIELD MAHON Peak Incident Time POULAVONE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3.2% 3.0% 4.0% 42,000 86,000 71,250 30 minutes N71 N27 N28 Median Duration of N40 Schematic Layout Incidents 2018 Annual Average Daily Traffic (%HGV) on N40
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 17 D4: N40 OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE Traffic growth and typical working day conditions represented by level of service
The level of service (LOS) provided by roads may be assessed using recognised international standards. Westbound/Southbound LOS is a quality measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream. Jack-Lynch - Mahon Average hourly levels of service for the full year were analysed from TII Traffic Monitoring Units which Mahon - Bloomfield give an indication of what the busiest times of a typical day were, and what sections of the N40 were most congested in 2018. A typical working day in 2018 refers to all weekdays excluding school holidays Kinsale Rd - Douglas and public holidays. Ballinora - Curraheen 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Hour of Day MADT at N40 Jack Lynch Tunnel 75,000 Eastbound/Northbound Jack-Lynch - Mahon
70,000 Mahon - Bloomfield Kinsale Rd - Douglas Ballinora - Curraheen 65,000 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Hour of Day
60,000 Level of Service
A. Free flow D. Approaching unstable flow
55,000 B. Reasonably free flow E. Unstable flow Monthly Average Daily Traffic Monthly Average Traffic Daily (VEHS) C. Stable flow F. Forced or breakdown flow 50,000 Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jan Jan Jan Jan Nov Nov Nov Nov Sep Sep Sep Sep Nov Sep Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar May May May May May 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Month Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 18 D5: DUBLIN RADIALS PERFORMANCE SUMMARY Traffic growth and typical working day conditions represented by level of service M3 N2 M1 INNERINNER CORDON CORDON X 16,00016,000 8.3% OUTEROUTER CORDON CORDON X 60,25060,250 The Dublin Radials represent a system of 20,00020,000 6.7% 9.2% routes providing access to the Dublin Area, ASHBOURNEASHBOURNE converging onto the M50. They are made of National Primary Routes designated M1 to DUNSHAUGHLINDUNSHAUGHLIN 6 M11 as one travels anticlockwise around the M50. 4 DONABATE
COLDWINTERS The Dublin Radial Routes consisting of the COLDWINTERS 77,000 AIRPORTAIRPORT M1, N2, N3, M4, N7, N81 and M11 are some 77,000 2 38,500 3.8% 2 38,500 2 of the busiest routes in the country. The 10.3% 2 135,500135,500 schematic on the right contains AADT data M4 5.1% M4 45,500 1 of these routes for 2018 from the Traffic 45,500 BLANCHARDSTOWNBLANCHARDSTOWN 3 11 8.6% 3 Monitoring Units which are displayed as 103,250103,250 MAYNOOTH 11 inner and outer cordons on the map of the MAYNOOTH 4.1% 7 Greater Dublin Area. Generally there is a 22 11 very significant drop off in traffic demand LIFFEY VALLEY between the inner and outer cordons as 99,25099,250 you would expect as the population and job 2.5% 1 1A 1 densities decrease. NEWLANDSNEWLANDS The N7 shows significant traffic demand TALLAGHT at the outer cordon. Traffic demand at the 81,25081,250 M50 7.8% 29,75029,750 M1,M4 and N11 outer cordon locations 7.8% 7 2.0% 7 KILL 2.0% is lower than the N7 but still remains KILL 1 reasonably high. 1 77,50077,550 2.5% 4 4 BRAYBRAY NORTH NORTH 120,556 159,916 May Jun Highest Daily Flow Highest Daily Flow Recorded on the M4 Recorded on the M1 8 KILMACANOGUEKILMACANOGUE 25 15 M7 BLESSINGTONBLESSINGTON between the M50 between the M50 and M7 11,750 51,750 andLiffey Valley Dublin Airport 11,750 51,750 5.8% 3.1%3.1%
M9 N81N81 N11 Mar 124,335 May 92,242 Highest Daily Flow Highest Daily Flow 29 Recorded on the N7 25 Recorded on the M11 Dublin Radials Schematic Layout between the M50 between the M50 and and Newlands Bray North 2018 Annual Average Daily Traffic (%HGV) on Dublin Radials
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 19
Quarterly Traffic Profile of Dublin Radials* D6: DUBLIN RADIALS PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 120 Traffic growth and typical working day conditions represented by level of service 115 110
105 The level of service (LOS) provided day in 2018 refers to all weekdays by roads may be assessed using excluding school holidays and public recognised international standards. holidays. 100 LOS is a quality measure describing The LOS figures show congestion operational conditions within a traffic
occuring at inner cordon locations (Q3Index2013 Volume Traffic stream. 95 during the peak periods. Congestion at Average hourly levels of service for the outer cordon location is limited to 90 the full year were analysed from TII the evening peak at specific locations 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015 2015 2015 2015 2016 2014 2016 2016 2017 2017 2017 2017 2018 2018 2018 2018 Traffic Monitoring Units which give an where TII currently have schemes at the Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 indication of what the busiest times of construction/design stage. *These values represent an index baseline at 100 in Q3 2013. An index is a statistical measure of changes a typical day were, and what sections in a representative group of individual data points over a time period. of the Dublin radial routes were most Towards M50 From M50 congested in 2018. A typical working M1-M50 to Airport M2-M50 to Coldwinters N3-M50 Blanchardstown to Clonsilla N4-M50 to Liffey Valley N7-M50 to Newlands N81-M50 to Tallaght N11-M50 to Bray North A. Free flow 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 M1- Donabate to Balbriggan B. Reasonably free flow 8 8 N2- Ashbourne to Slane
C. Stable flow M4- Maynooth to Kilcock N7- Kill to Johnstown D. Approaching unstable flow N81- Tallaght to Blessington E. Unstable flow N11- Kilmacanogue to Glen of the Downs 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F. Forced or breakdown flow Hour of Day Hour of Day 8 8 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 20 E: ROADS USAGE OVER THE DAY Profile of the usage of the National Roads network by time of day
Nat Primary Peak Nat Primary Peak
The peak periods on M50 Peak M50 Peak our National Roads are Nat Secondary Peak Nat Secondary Peak extending outwards due 10% to increased demand and congestion. 9% In the morning, the peak period lasts 8% between 6.30am and 9.30am whilst in in the evening, the peak covers the period 7% between 3:30pm and 6:30pm. Peak traffic hours have a level of traffic some 30% to 50% above off-peak levels. The M50 is 6% the most used road in the country with daily weekday traffic of up to 146,000 5% along its busiest sections. The peaks on the M50 are more prolonged than other 4% roads with significant traffic flows being maintained during off-peak periods. The 3% trend of ‘peak hour spreading’ continued in 2018, with the peak period share of trafficPercentage daily total of share 2% total daily M50 traffic reducing by 0.4% in both the AM and PM Peaks compared to 1% the previous year.
M50 Motorway 0% National Primary 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 National Secondary Peak period Hour Beginning Peak period Peak period (6.30am - 9.30am) (3.30pm - 6.30pm)
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 21 F: TRIP DURATION NATIONAL ROADS AND REGIONAL ROADS - AM PEAK Profile of the trips made on the National and Regional Roads network by their duration
Across the road 25% network, a significant portion of trips that 20% people make are of short duration. In total, 39% less than or greater 39% of trips are of 15 15% equal to 15 than 15 minutes duration or minutes minutes less. 61% 10% Percentage share of total trips
5%
0%
0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 65-70 70-75 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65 75-80 80-85 85-90 90-95 95-100
Trip Length (minutes) average trip duration = 22mins
light vehicles
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 22 G: TRIP DISTANCE NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ROADS - AM PEAK Profile of the trips made on the National and Regional Roads network by their distance
Across the road 25% network, a significant portion of trips that 40% 60% 20% people make are short distance. In total, just 0–10km 10km + over 52% of trips are 15 15% kilometres or less.
10% Percentage share of total trips
5%
0%
0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 65-70 70-75 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65 75-80 80-85 85-90 90-95 95-100
Trip Distance (km) average trip distance = 21.7km
light vehicles
Source: TII National Transport Model, 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 23 H: ANNUAL TRAFFIC GROWTH RATES Annual Traffic Growth 2017-2018
Growth by Region All Vehicles Traffic growth was 0.5% Growth by Road Type HGV (All Vehicles) across the network in 2018.
Weather had a significant impact on year and year growth in 2018 with significant weather events i.e. Storm Emma, occurring 0.6% 0.5% in Q1 2018 which led to limited use of 0.4% National Roads for extended periods. 0% Border 0.4% 3.4% The highest regional growth recorded in All National Motorways National National 2018 was in the Mid-West with 2.4% for Roads Primary Roads Secondary Roads West -1.1% the year. The Midlands also experienced -1.2% Dublin 0.1% significant growth at 2.1%. The South-West 3.2% Growth by Road Type Midlands 2.1% and West experienced negative year on year (HGVs) 3.7% growth at -0.4% and -1.1% respectively. Mid-East 0.6% 3.6% For HGVs the Midlands and Mid-East 2.6% Mid-West 2.4% recorded the highest regional growth at 2.4% -0.8% 2.3% 3.7% and 3.6% each. The West and Mid- 2.1% West had negative year on year growth at South-East 0.5% 3.0% -1.2% and -0.8% respectively. The lower growth in 2018 can be partially attributed to South-West -0.4% extreme weather events in early 2018. 1.9% The greatest year on year traffic growth for all vehicles by road type was recorded on motorways; where traffic has increased All National Motorways National National 0.6%. For HGVs however, the greatest Roads Primary Roads Secondary Roads growth by road type was on National Primary Roads with 2.6% for HGVs.
Source: TII Traffic Monitoring Units
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ONE | ROAD NETWORK 24 I: NETWORK MANAGEMENT Overview of the responsibilities for the Management of the National Roads network
The management of the National Key facts: Roads network is assigned to a number of bodies with the majority 0oC share of National Primary and National Secondary roads being managed by Local Authorities. 327 9,430 103 Motorways are managed under demountable all emergency nights in 2018 the Motorway Maintenance and snow ploughs calls received by where the Motorway Traffic temperature Renewal Contracts (MMaRCs) or Our winter service Control Centre reached below by PPP Concession companies. TII fleet consists of: including SOS zero phones manages the maintenance of 2,709 bridges, which includes all bridges on National Roads other than on PPP roads. PPP Consession companies manage a total of 472 bridges. 360 1,478 110 salt spreaders SOS phones weather stations in the in operation on the country National Roads Network
Routes managed by: MMaRC PPP 58,179 Local Authority tonnes of salt were used on National Roads Network in 2018
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 TWO: ECONOMIC TWO | ECONOMIC 26 A: ECONOMICS TRENDS AND TRANSPORT Recent Trends
In the period up to the peak of the broad distinction may be made between Annual Growth Rate (%) Annual Growth Rate (%) economic boom in 2008, vehicle commuting and non-commuting. Trends All Traffic HGV Traffic kilometres of travel on all roads grew in overall employment in the economy at an annual average rate of 4.6% per drive commuting traffic and personal annum. In aggregate, vehicle kilometres incomes are the major determinant of Annual Growth Rate (%) All National Route Traffic of travel increased by 43% between 2000 non-commuting traffic. 7% and 2008. With regard to the carriage of goods, 6% 5.9% When the economic and financial crisis economic output is the major 5% 4.3% 4.2% occurred, vehicle kilometres of travel in determinant and, particularly, the output 4% 3.9% 3.7% 3.1% total declined by 10% and goods traffic of the building and construction sector, 3% 2.4% by 22%. The greater decline in goods which is very transport intensive. The 2% traffic reflected in part the near collapse slow initial recovery in the building and 1% of the building and construction sector. 0.5% construction sector is the reason why 0% Economic growth began to recover in a goods vehicle traffic is still slightly below 2015 2016 2017 2018 sustained way in 2012 and employment its former peak level. Year levels a year later. By 2015, total vehicle The annual growth in traffic does not kilometres of travel had recovered its reflect economic trends due to the pre-crisis levels. Goods traffic vehicle influence of Storm Emma, it is anticipated kilometres has still not quite attained its that the rate of growth will be higher in previous peak levels. 2019 compared to 2018 but that the trend Quarter to Quarter Growth Rates on National Roads (%) Overall transport demand comprises of reducing rates of growth will continue 7% both personal travel and carriage of as growth in the economy slows. 6% goods. With regard to personal travel, a 5% 4.3% 4% Index of Vehicle Kilometres of Travel, (Year 2000= 100) 3.2% 200.0 3% 2.2% 2% 2.1% 150.0 1.6% 1% 0.3% 100.0 0% -2.1% 0%
Index -1% 50.0 -2% -3% 0.0 Quarter 1 Quarter2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Total Vehicle Kilometres of Travel All Goods Vehicle Kilometres of Travel Heavy Goods Vehicle Kilometres of Travel 2017 - 2018 2017 - 2018 2017 - 2018 2017 - 2018
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE: ROAD CONDITION THREE | ROAD CONDITION 28 A1: PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE Overview of subnetwork classification of National Roads network
The National Roads network consists of over In order to effectively manage this diverse 5,300 kilometres of road pavements. There network, a series of 5 subnetwork types is a very significant variation across the TII have been defined to significantly reduce the network in terms of pavement construction, variation in pavement condition, traffic and pavement age, carriageway width, lane width, construction type within each subnetwork. geometric design and traffic volumes carried.
Subnetwork Classification % of Network
0 Motorways + dual High speed, high volumes pavement, made up of Motorway and Dual 22% carriageways Carriageway sections of the network. Much of this subnetwork is less than 10 years old.
1 Engineered pavement Significant geometric and pavement design has taken place in the 22% construction and/or rehabilitation of the pavement sections. Typically carry reasonably large volumes of traffic, and are identified by presence of hard shoulders adjacent to the carriageway.
2 Urban Areas Low to medium speed, typically short sections through towns that are 13% not bypassed, also includes longer sections within the cities and larger towns where National Roads start and end.
3 Legacy pavement – Legacy subnetwork, typically constructed without formal geometric 24% high traffic or pavement design. Typically carries traffic volumes less than 10,000 AADT.
4 Legacy pavement – low Legacy subnetwork, typically constructed without formal geometric 18% traffic or pavement design. Typically carries traffic volumes less than 5000 AADT.
Source: TII Pavement Condition Report 2017 Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE | ROAD CONDITION 29 A2: MEASURING PERFORMANCE OF PAVEMENTS ON NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK Overview of the strategic indicators used across the National Roads network pavement sub networks
Road pavement condition is a critical TII has therefore developed strategic level element in ensuring the safety and performance indicators which address efficiency of the National Roads three key characteristics – Pavement Pavement Surface Health network. In order to maintain acceptable Surface Health; Pavement Surface Safety, performance levels of road pavement Pavement Structural Health. significant investment is required annually. Within the pavement sub networks, pavement condition is ranked on a five Road pavements are made up of different point scale: layers. The surface layer is key in the Very Poor, Poor, Fair, Good , Very Good. road-wheel interface and influences both the safety and overall condition TII research indicates that on average Pavement Surface Safety of the pavement. Timely upgrade of it takes approximately 7 years for a the pavement surface can prolong the pavement to transition between points on lifecycle of the sub-surface / structural the scale. layers of the pavement. To ensure the safety and efficiency of the Various engineering parameters are used network TII have set performance targets to measure the performance of aspects for each of the subnetwork categories of the pavement but these do not give an under each of the performance indicators. understanding of overall performance of the pavements on the network. Pavement Structural Health
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE | ROAD CONDITION 30 B1: CURRENT STATUS OF THE ROADS PAVEMENT CONDITION Pavement Surface Health TII target 95% performing fair or better for all sub-networks
The Engineered pavement subnetworks are consistently above the target level over the Subnetworks 0-1 Subnetworks 2 Subnetworks 3-4 five year analysis period. The remainder of Motorways, Dual Urban Areas Legacy pavement the network is at a higher KPI level than the Carriageways – High and Low and Engineered traffic Pavement Structural Health parameter, but Pavement the rate of improvement in performance is lower than that seen with Structural Health. An increased investment in the Legacy Subnetworks shows an improved upward trend line. 96.1% 85.2% 87.1% % Performing Fair or Better in 2018
Trends in Pavement Surface Health KPI (% Fair or Better) 100%
90%
80%
70%
60% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Target
Source: TII Pavement Condition Report Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE | ROAD CONDITION 31 B2: CURRENT STATUS OF THE ROADS PAVEMENT CONDITION Pavement Surface Safety TII target 99% performing fair or better for all sub-networks
This KPI is derived from network level Skid Resistance surveys. The target level is Subnetworks 0-1 Subnetworks 2 Subnetworks 3-4 set to have 99% of the network in a safe Motorways, Dual Urban Areas Legacy pavement condition based on annual skid resistance Carriageways – High and Low measurements. This has been consistently and Engineered traffic Pavement achieved on the Engineered Subnetworks (0 and 1) over the 5 year period as seen by the trend line. The Legacy Subnetworks are below but close to the target line, the trend line is generally flat but has improved in 99.7% 92.6% 98.7% 2018. The Urban subnetwork is considerably below the remainder of the network. % Performing Fair or Better in 2018 There has been an increased emphasis on treatment within urban areas in the Trends in Pavement Surface Safety KPI (% Fair or Better) past 2 years, and this has produced an 100% improvement in the KPI level.
90%
80%
70%
60% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Target
Source: TII Pavement Condition Report Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE | ROAD CONDITION 32 B3: CURRENT STATUS OF THE ROADS PAVEMENT CONDITION Pavement Structural Health TII target 95% performing fair or better for all sub-networks
There is a very clear difference between Subnets 0 and 1 (Engineered Pavements) Subnetworks 0-1 Subnetworks 2 Subnetworks 3-4 and the remainder of the network. Subnet Motorways, Dual Urban Areas Legacy pavement 0-1 is consistently above the target of 95% Carriageways – High and Low in Fair or Better condition, reflecting the and Engineered traffic Pavement relatively new age profile of the majority of the road sections in this category. The Urban subnetwork (Subnet 2) is in significantly better condition than the Legacy Subnetworks (subnets 3 and 4). 97.2% 90.8% 80.4% The 5 year trend lines show an overall upward trend, reflecting a concentration on % Performing Fair or Better in 2018 improving the worst-performing sections over the five year period. Trends in Pavement Structural Health KPI (% Fair or Better) 100%
90%
80%
70%
60% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Target
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 THREE | ROAD CONDITION 33 C: NATIONAL ROAD BRIDGE STRUCTURES Overview of the quantum and condition of bridge structures on the National Roads network
1400 Bridges are key elements of the National Roads 1200 system and maintenance and rehabilitation 1000 of bridges is a key part of the TII’s asset 800 management strategy.
The National Roads network includes 600 No. of Bridges approximately 2,700 bridge structures of which 472 are on roads provided by public private partnerships. 400 Bridges are inspected on a regular cycle. Bridge components which are allocated a condition rating of 0 or 1 do not require 200 repair work, whereas those assigned a rating of 2 or higher are scheduled for future repair. 0 The amount of bridges in the CR0 and Condition Rating 2018 CR1 categories has remained constant CR 0: No or insignificant change. since 2017 CR 1: Minor Damage but no need of repair. CR 4: Damage is critical, repair at once.
CR 2: Some Damage, repair needed when convienent. CR 5: Ultimate Damage. The component has failed or is in danger of total failure.
CR 3: Significant Damage, repair within next financial year. N/A: Data not available due to access restrictions.
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 FOUR: SAFETY FOUR | SAFETY 35 A: FATAL COLLISIONS ON THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK:
Key Statistics* for 2018 are presented. For further details on road safety and national trends please see www.rsa.ie
Fatal Collisions Fatalities 29 2 4 0 17 Drivers Passengers Motorcyclists Cyclists Pedestrians
7 1 1 3 6 50 52 3
Head-On Non Motorised All Other Reported 19 Fatalities - 13 User Fatalities - 17 Fatalities - 22 2 2 0 8
Motorway National Primary National Secondary
2018 national road fatalities by month 2018 National Roads fatalities by month 1111 1010 9 8 7 SecondaryNational Secondary 6 5 PrimaryNational Primary 4 3 Motorway 2 Motorway 1 0 JanuaryJanuary February March April MayMay June July AugustAugust SeptemberSeptember OctoberOctober NovemberNovember DecemberDecember
*Pedestrians on Motorways include individuals who have left their vehicle. All figures shown are provisional and subject to revisions. Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018
Non Motorised Road User Fatalities - 17 Head-On Fatalities - 13 All Other Reported Fatalities - 22 FOUR | SAFETY 36 B: SERIOUS INJURIES ARISNG FROM COLLISIONS ON THE NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK 140 56 46 24 22 Key Statistics* for 2018 are presented. For further details on Drivers Passengers Motorcyclists Cyclists Pedestrians 22 road safety and national trends please see www.rsa.ie 1 2 2 19 26 9 10
Serious Injuries 64 288 54 36 18 15 10
Motorway National Primary National Secondary 2018 national road serious injuries by month from K & SI collisions 2018 National Roads serious injuries by month 4040 3535 3030 2525 Secondary
2020 National Secondary Primary 1515 National Primary 1010 Motorway 55 Motorway 00 JanuaryJan FebruaryFeb MarchMar AprilApr MayMay JunJune JulyJul AugustAug SeptemberSep OctoberOct NovemberNov DecemberDec
*The RSA have noted in their recent reports the increase in reported serious injuries and have said the increase “is attributable in part to enhanced reporting and validation system” and they say that “it will take around five years’ before any appreciable trends in the data can be confirmed. As a result this should be considered as a break in the time series for the data on the number Transport Infrastructure Ireland of injuries and injury collisions”. The RSA and An Garda Síochána continue to use the historic definition of serious injuries: An injury for which the person is detained in hospital as an National Roads Network Indicators 2018 ‘in-patient’ or any of the following injuries whether or not detained in hospital: fractures, concussion, internal injuries, crushing, severe cuts and lacerations, severe general shock requiring medical treatment. FOUR | SAFETY 37 C: TRENDS ON NATIONAL ROADS NETWORK Trends in fatal collisions nationally by road type and collision type* Total Fatal Collisions Regional & Local Road Network National Road Network (Non Motorway) Total fatal collisions on National Roads: Long term trends in total fatal collisions Motorway 400
2014 350 66 300 250 200 2015 150 61 100 50 0 2016 2011 2012 2017 2013 2015 2018 2014 2016 72 2010 2007 2005 2008 2009 2006
Year Recent trends in total fatalities* on National Roads: 2017 46 Pedestrians: Cyclists: All Other: 2018 2018 2018 17 -26% 0 -100% 35 -5% -24% 2018 50 2013 2013 2013 2014–2018 23 4 37
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018
* Fatal collisions 2015-2018: AGS data (not verified by RSA) FIVE: ACCESSIBILITY + ENVIRONMENT 39 A1: IMPACT OF ROAD INVESTMENT ON EMPLOYMENT ACCESSIBILITY Key milestones in the development of the National Roads network
Building on the methodology put forward within the TII Transport Research and Information Note: Impact of Improvements in the Road Network on the Accessibility 2006 2010 & Economic Potential of Counties, Urban Areas, Gateways & Hubs, 2012; TII has In 2006, prior to the completion of the Major By 2010 the development of the MIUs plotted accessibility to jobs for a number Inter Urban (MIU) corridors linking the delivered significant improvements in terms of key milestones in the development of the capital to the other cities; accessibility to of accessibility to jobs in some of the more National Roads Network. jobs within peripheral regions was weak. peripheral areas.
Employment Accessibility Score by NTM Zone
Low
2016 2018
Since 2016, there are only subtle changes in The addition of the M17/M18 has enhanced accessibility, related to the reduced capital accessibility in the West of Ireland since its spend on National Roads infrastructure opening in 2017 but there has been no other High during that time. major schemes completed in 2017 or 2018
Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 40 A2: IMPACT OF ROAD INVESTMENT ON EMPLOYMENT ACCESSIBILITY 2016 versus 2018
A significant proportion The image compares accessibility to jobs between 2016 and 2018 (relative of the road capital spend percentage change), and effectively from 2016 to 2018 was presents two stories: within the west of the 1) An improvement in accessibility to country and this has jobs in the West related to the recent completion of the M17/M18.” resulted in improved investments. employment accessibility 2) Ongoing traffic growth in for these areas. the east, particularly on the routes into Dublin has contributed to Difference in Accessibility: increased journey times and in turn slight reductions in accessibility to jobs in the Greater +10% Dublin Area.
Despite the above, peripheral areas in North-West, West and South-west and South-East still tend to suffer from poor accessibility to jobs as shown on Accessibility + Environment - A1.
-2%
*Assessment based on the change in accessibility to employment only as a result of the network investment. Employment levels have been held constant at 2016 levels as part of the assessment. Transport Infrastructure Ireland National Roads Network Indicators 2018 Transport Infrastructure Ireland Parkgate Business Centre Parkgate Street, Dublin 8 D08 DK10 T: +353 1 6463600 W: www.tii.ie
Editorial and statistics: [email protected]/ [email protected] Document updated by: [email protected] ©TII 2019