ISSN : 2338-9087

Proceedings of the AISCE2013

Aceh International Symposium on Civil Engineering

“Infrastructure Planning and Management for Sustainable Development”

Banda Aceh, 19-20 September 2013

Organized by

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING - SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY DARUSSALAM - BANDA ACEH

Supported by EDITORIAL BOARD ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 2013

Steering Committee

1. Dean of Engineering Faculty of Syiah Kuala University 2. Head of Department of Civil Engineering of Syiah Kuala University 3. Head of Study Program of Master of Civil Engineering of Syiah Kuala University 4. Director of Civil Engineering Institute of Aceh

International Editorial Board

1. Prof. Shigeru Kato, Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan 2. Prof. Mohamed Rehan Karim, University of Malaya, Malaysia 3. Dr. Shin‐ichi Aoki, Osaka University, Suita, Japan 4. Dr. Marjolein Dohmen‐Janssen, University of Twente, Netherland 5. Dr. Muhammad Subhan, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia

Local Editorial Board

1. Prof. Dr. Ir. Munirwansyah, M.Sc. 2. Dr. Ir. Masimin, M.Sc. 3. Dr. Ir. Sofyan M. Saleh, M.Sc.Eng. 4. Dr. Ir. Alfiansyah Yulianur BC. 5. Dr. Ir. Taufiq Saidi, M.Eng. 6. Dr. Ir. Abdullah, M.Sc. 7. Dr. Ir. Moch. Afifuddin, M.Eng. 8. Dr. Ir. Muttaqin, MT. 9. Dr. Ir. T. Budi Aulia, Dipl.Ing. 10. Dr. Ir. Muhammad Isya, MT. 11. Dr. Ir. Eldina Fatimah, M.Sc. 12. Dr. Renni Anggraini, ST., M.Eng 13. Dr. Azmeri, ST., MT. 14. Dr. Ella Meilianda, ST., MT. 15. Dr. Syamsidik, ST., M.Sc.

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA i Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

SPEECH OF RECTOR UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 2013

Honourable guests, Symposium’s participants, Ladies and Gentlemen

Assalamualaikum wr. wb.

Let us pray to Allah SWT for giving us this important opportunity to gather in this first Aceh International Symposium of Civil Engineers. On behalf of Syiah Kuala University, I would like to extend our warmest welcome remarks to all special guests who have come from overseas, such as the Netherlands, Japan and Malaysia. These remarks are also aimed to guests from our University’s partners in Aceh who have been being consistent colleagues to enhance our capacity.

I am informed by the AISCE’s committee that this symposium is also to mark the Faculty of Engineering’s 50th Anniversary. As most of us may be understood that the Faculty Engineering’s establishment was marked by the Department of Civil Engineering, therefore, we are actually also celebrating the Department of Civil Engineering Anniversary.

The theme of AISCE symposium is strongly related to the objectives of our University. After the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004, we learned that we need to consider constructing our infrastructures by considering a sustainable development and should be based on disaster mitigation measures. Otherwise, we may encounter a bigger risk in the future. This paradigm is in line with our national development program to put all of our development in a sustainable way and to carefully taking into a consideration of disaster. Japan and the Netherlands are the two countries where sustainable development has been practicing for long time.

Finally, I would like specially convey a warmest congratulation for Department of Civil Engineering and Faculty of Engineering for celebrating its 50th Anniversary. May fruitful works come in the future and may strength be granted to all members of the Civil Engineers to extend your precious works to community and to the region.

Congratulations for the Department of Civil Engineering, the symposium committee, and to all participants. Have a nice symposium.

Thank you very much

Wassalamulaikum wr. wb.

Prof. Dr. Ir. Samsul Rizal, M.Eng Rector of University of Syiah Kuala

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA ii Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

SPEECH OF CHAIRWOMAN ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 2013

Honorable guests, ladies and gentlemen,

Assalamualaikum wr wb,

First of all, I would like to express my appreciation to all of those who have joined Aceh International Symposium on Civil Engineering, or for short AISCE 2013. The AISCE constitutes as the first international symposium ever held by Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The symposium has been designed as a platform to share the advances of civil engineering technology and best-practices in solving problems of infrastructure management in different sectors of developments. Therefore, the theme of the conference is given as “Infrastructure Management and Planning for Sustainable Development”.

As may be well known, this year we are celebrating the 50th anniversary of Faculty of Engineering, and as the first department in the faculty, civil engineering department play important role for Aceh development, in particular in terms of infrastructure. Along 50 years, we have witnessed the graduate students have been contributing remarkably to the development of this region. In addition to that, Department of Civil Engineering also leads to the establishment of other departments at Faculty of Engineering. Hence, on behalf of the organizing committee, we are proudly present this symposium as partial event of the 50th Anniversary of Faculty of Engineering. Although, we understand there are still a lot of weaknesses occurred for the first international event, by learning from experience we hope that we can do much better for the following years, and we do expect that this event can be done either annually or biannually.

Last but not least, I would like to thanks those who support this event. Appreciation goes to the committee that has been working hard for the successful of this event, Head of Departments of Civil Engineering and Head of Master Program of Civil Engineering, colleagues, sponsors, keynote and invited speakers, all of presenters and participants, and students who help and involved in this special event. Thank you for accepting our invitation and coming to participate to this conference. I appreciated your determination and contributions in making this conference successful and beneficial.

Finally, we wish you a pleasant stay and enjoy the conference and we are happy to accept any critics or comments for a better international event in the following years.

Thank you very much.

Dr. Renni Anggraini, M.Eng Chairwowan of AISCE 2013

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA iii Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

CONTENT ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 2013

EDITORIAL BOARD i

SPEECH OF RECTOR ii

SPEECH OF CHAIRWOMAN iii

CONTENT iv BIO‐PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS IN MANGROVES 1 C. Marjolein Dohmen‐JANSSEN, Erik M. HORSTMAN COASTAL MANAGEMENT IN JAPAN 11 Shigeru KATO FROM DEVELOPMENT TO RESTORATION ‐ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTING INFRASTRUCTURES IN JAPAN‐ 19

Shin‐ichi AOKI A PILOT STUDY ON HIERARCHICAL IMPORTANCE EXAMINATION OF COMPETITIVE STRATEGY COMPONENTS FOR PENANG PORT GROWTH 27

Muhammad SUBHAN, Nik Ab Halim NIK ABDULLAH

VARIABILITY OF SURFACE SEDIMENT RE‐DISTRIBUTION IN THE HIGH‐ENERGY COASTAL SHELF ENVIRONMENT AT GERMAN BIGHT, NORTH SEA 42

Ella MEILIANDA, K.HUHN, Dedi ALFIAN, A.BARTHOLOMAE, A.KUBICKI

A PREDICTION ON THE IMPACT OF COMPREHENSIVE SAFETY AUDIT IMPLEMENTATION ON INDONESIA ROAD TRAFFIC FATALITIES 59

Yusria DARMA, Mohamed Rehan KARIM

DESIGN OF URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AS ECOLOGICAL DRAINAGE TO EXTENSIVE INUNDATION REDUCTION 70

AZMERI, Amir FAUZI, Muhammad NAZAR

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA iv Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS OF NON ENGINEERED STRUCTURE FOR MATERIAL USE IN AREA WETLANDS AT BENGKULU CITY 80

Muhammad FAUZI, Dwi SETYAWAN, Budhi SETIAWAN, Ridhah TAQWA

ABILITY TO PAY AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY OF STUDENTS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT (CASE STUDY: TAKENGON CITY) 89

Gustina FITRI, Renni ANGGRAINI, Sofyan M.SALEH

THE EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY IN IRRIGATION NETWORK OF PANDRAH IRRIGATION PROJECT, BIREUEN 98

Maimun RIZALIHADI, Amir FAUZI, Reza TANZIL

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF FERRO FOAM CONCRETE CHANNEL PROFILE (C) AS AN ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL FOR BRIDGE GIRDER 107

Mochammad AFIFUDDIN, ABDULLAH, HUZAIM

A STUDY ON BIKE TRACK PROVISION AT SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS BANDA ACEH 116

Muhammad ISYA, Renni ANGGRAINI, Hardiva LISMARYANDI

CAUSE OF OVERHEAD COST OVERRUN IN BUILDING PROJECT IN BANDA ACEH 126 NURISRA , MUBARAK

ANALYSIS OF SOIL LAYER AND PILE FOUNDATION BEARING CAPACITY WITH SPT METHOD ON NAGAN RAYA PLTU UNIT 3‐4 ACEH PROVINCE 134 Banta CHAIRULLAH

STUDY OF RIVER WATER POTENCY IN BIREUEN DISTRICT 144 ZIANA, Alfiansyah YULIANUR, Cut AZIZAH

COST OPTIMIZATION OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT USING VALUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS (Case Study ofRoad Construction Project Package 155 JNB1,District of West Aceh)

Sofyan M. SALEH, MUBARAK, Astiah AMIR

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA v Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

A STUDY ON BIKE TRACK PROVISION AT SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS BANDA ACEH

Muhammad ISYA1, Renni ANGGRAINI2, Hardiva LISMARIYANDI3 1,2) University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia e_mail1: [email protected] e_mail 2 : [email protected] 3) Graduated Student at Civil Engineering University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract: Bike Track is one of road infrastructures designated for bicycle use. Bike to Work and Bike to Campus have been rising in major cities and campuses in Indonesia recenly. This research was conducted to identify the possibility of providing bike track around campus at Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. In order to do so, we conducted survey to determine people perception, land requirements, type of bike tracks, and strategy of providing bike tracks. Statistical descriptive analysis was used to determine respondent perceptions on bike tracks. SWOT analysis was used to develop strategies, and the standard bike tracks planning. The results showed that 85% of students, lecturers, and employees, as respondents, agreed on the provision of bike tracks planning in Unsyiah Campus. Moreover, the existing land uses are possible for bike tracks provision, and was designated to Level I (bike path). Hence, it will be located adjacent to traffic lane with the width of 1.5 meters on each side. To support the provision of bike tracks in Unsyiah Campus, applied strategies are as follows: establishing campus bike paths, providing campus bicycle, releasing policy about bicycle using in campus, and restrictions on motor vehiclesin thiscampus. Keywords: road, bicycle, bike paths, Syiah Kuala University campus

1. INTRODUCTION

Road construction development in Banda Aceh and Syiah Kuala University was priority on the motor vehicle path way, while there is no development for the bicycle pathway. These, conflicted with the mandate of the Indonesian law, No. 22 year 2009, which states that every road used for the public must be furnished by the road equipment which is including facilities for bicycles, pedestrians and disabilities persons.

The increasing number of the motor vehicles has been predicted will keep grow up and up for the next several years and, this is not directly proportional with the increase of the road capacity. This condition will cause the degree of road saturation level grow up and increasing the air pollution and traffic jam.

The ministries of transportation have a policies and program in order to reduce the emission in the transportation sector, especially land transportation, one of them is to encourage the

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use of unmotorized vehicle. This policies and program will be keep developed, start from preparing the regulation, facilities compliance, bicycle route and path and others public interest facilities (Numberi, 2011).

The Government plans to raise the fuel prices, made the bicycle as one of the considering alternative transportation. At this time in the several major cities in Indonesia are being encouraged by cycling to work or better to known as the Bike to Work activities. Not only, has same activities in several university in Indonesia, such as University of Indonesia and Gadjah Mada University, but also been done for this several years. Based on those facts, in case of that matter these activities should also be done in Syiah Kuala University.

2. RESEARH METHOD

The methods used in this research are descriptive method using a qualitative approach. Data collection is carried out by means of surveys using questionnaires and observation. Direct observation to the research location used to obtain the road width space, including: road wide, medians, road shoulder, pedestrian path and the tunnel. A questionnaire is used to find out the respondents opinions about the approval level of the bicycle path provision.

2.1 Perception Analysis on the Students, Lecturers and Employees

The type of questionnaire used for this research is enclosed questionnaire using a likert scale rated 3 (agree), 2 (doubtful), and 1 (disagree). The research object is the students, lecturers and employees of Syiah Kuala University and also the streets around Syiah Kuala University area. The research is located in Syiah Kuala University, Kopelma Darussalam, Syiah Kuala district of Banda Aceh.

The population in this research is composed of academicians who are including lecturers, students and employees of the Syiah Kuala University. Consider of the limitation of the time, effort and cost, not all of the population taken for the research object. That’s why only few of them as a sample to represent the population. Sample determination was using the Slovin formula (Suharso, 2009).Based on the Slovin formula, with 10% rate of standard error, the required students sample size from students population number of 23,351 people is 99.57, rounded to 100 people.

Obtained research data then has been processed and analyzed by: descriptive statistics using the likert scale which is using table for the data presentation to find out the approval level of bicycle path; using bicycle path standard planning to obtain the type with minimum width path; using SWOT analysis for formulating the bicycle path.

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Analysis of public perception regarding the bicycle infrastructure provision is done to see the level of agreement due to the bicycle path provision around Syiah Kuala University area.The data which is obtained from questionnaire were processed using Likert scale, where respondents would choose an alternative answer to the asked questions.

Outcome data from answered questionnaire analyzed by calculating the average response by scoring each answer and will be presented in table form. Average score from each respondent consisting of students, lecturers and employees will be counted by multiple the scale point with the frequency and the result the divided with the number of each respondent frequency. Then the total average score of all respondents will be obtained by adding total respondents score divided by the total respondents frequency score.To facilitate the average score assessment, each of all of the respondents; first step was to create the Likert scale based survey result onto 3 interval class.

2.2 Analysis of the Need of Land and Bicycle Path Type

Direct observations result in form of road free space data; including road width, median, road shoulder, pedestrian path and tunnel will be analyzed to standard planning. Standards used include technical requirements standard and bike path planning standard. Determination on what type of the bicycle path class/type will be use, depend on the available free space area.

For the first step it’s planned for the first class bicycle path, considering to the width of the road, including the pedestrian and the tunnel. The first class bicycle path provision will placed outside the road by considering the minimum needs of minimum width for traffic lane and pedestrian path. If the space outside the road is not sufficient for first class bicycle path width, then it will used as the second class bicycle path, using part of the road lane. For this, the path will be signed using hard mark or barrier mark. Developing the second class bicycle path will also considering the need of minimum road lane and traffic. Last step will be done is, if the need of minimum width of the road lane and area outside the road is not sufficient for minimum bicycle and pedestrian path, then third class bicycle path will be used. This type will use the road lane together with the motorized vehicles but with bicycle traffic mark.

2.3 Analysis of Bicycle Path Provision Strategy

Formulation strategy for the bicycle path provision in the Syiah Kuala University area was implemented using SWOT analysis and by considering internal factors (strengths and weaknesses factors) and external factors (opportunities and threats factors).Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats factors can be obtained based on perceptual analysis, such as the need of the space for providing the bicycle path, the data derived from the journals and other references, as well as government policies on the bike path. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats

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factors as well as alternative strategies that have been produced subsequently presented in the form of a SWOT matrix.

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Analysis of the Students, Lecturers and Employees on the Bicycle Path Provision a. Respondent Characteristic

In this research the respondents’ characteristics has been categorized based on the ages, sex and jobs. Based on questionnaire results from 160 respondents it can be seen that the majority of respondents age: 66 people are around 22-26 years old equal with 41.25% ; while the minority are 2 people are around 47-51 or equal with 1.25% from the total respondents. Based on the questionnaire results from 160 respondents it can be seen that majority they are 87 man or equal with 54.38% from the total respondents, while the rest are woman.The sample used in this research consists of students, lecturers, and employees are dominated by the students as many as 100 people or equal with 62.50%. b. Respondent perception about the bicycle path provision

Students, lecturers and employees perception about the bicycle path provision in the Syiah Kuala University area can be seen from several subjects:

1. Kind of transportation moda used

Transportation moda used by the students, lecturers and Unsyiah employees mostly are private car, private motor cycle, public Bus and others public transportation and bicycle.Based on the result of data analysis, 99% of the Unsyiah students using motorized vehicle, only 1% using non–motorized vehicle. Lecturers and employees of the Unsyiah who using a motorized vehicle have a same percentage as big as 100%. By that mean, transportation moda used by the students, lecturers and employees of Unsyiah is dominated by motorized vehicle.

2. Bicycle as an alternative transportation in Unsyiah area

Based on the questionnaire result from 160 respondents, who has been questioned about using the bicycle as an alternative transportation in Unsyiah area, the answer obtained from was agree (A), doubtful (DO) and disagree (DI).The students, lecturers and employees of Unsyiah were agree if bicycle used as an alternative transportation moda in Unsyiah area with: agreement perception reaching 75.63%, doubtful 21.25%, and disagree 3.13%.

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA 119 Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

3. Policy on the bicycle use in Unsyiah

Based on the questionnaire result from 160 respondents, who has been questioned about the policy on bicycle use in Unsyiah area, there is obtained data that the students, lecturers and employees of Unsyiah were agree if there is policy about bicycle use in Unsyiah area with agreement perception reaching 70.63%, doubtful 21.88%, and disagree 7.53%. Number of students, lecturers and employees who have bicycle are 45.63% and 54.38% are not.

4. Regulation about bicycle path provision in Unsyiah

Based on the questionnaire result from 160 respondents, who has been questioned about the bicycle path provision regulation in Unsyiah, there is obtained data that with agreement perception reaching 86.88%, doubtful 11.25%, and disagree 1.25%

5. Bicycle path provision in Unsyiah area

Based on the questionnaire result from 160 respondents, who has been questioned about the need bicycle path provision in order to support cycling activitiesin Unsyiah, there is a bicycle path provision in Unsyiah area with agreement perception reaching 85%, doubtful 12.50%, and disagree 2.50%

6. Type of the Bicycle path

Based on the questionnaire result from 160 respondents, who has been questioned about the type of the bicycle path needed for, there is obtained data which 45.63% chose bike path, 47,5% chose bike line, and 6,88% chose bike route.

3.2 Analysis on the Land Need and Type of Bicycle Path

a. Road Existing Condition in Syiah Kuala University Area

The road network in the Unsyiah area according to the Syiah Kuala Subdistrict Space Planning Detail is divided into 3 categories: secondary artery roads, secondary collector roads and secondary local roads. Unsyiah complex main road is a secondary artery road. Ring road in Kopelma Darussalam and Jalan Kuta Inong Balee categorized as a secondary collector road, while Kopelma Darussalam internal road which used to service all the activities in the complex, has been categorized as a secondary local road.

Based on the observation to roads in the Unsyiah area, there is data obtained about road free space (the right of way) width, which is including: road width (traffic lane), median, road shoulder, pedestrian, tunnel and the space width between the tunnel to the border of the road/ fence. Road free space (the right of way width) data in the Unsyiah area can be seen at Table1.

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 120 UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

Table 1 Road free Space (the right of way) in Unsyiah Area

Space width Traffic Pedestrian Path Tunnel Width outside the Lane Path Median No. Road Name Road Width Number Right left Right Left Right Left (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) 1T. Syech Abdul Rauf 10 4 0.9 1.5 1.5 1.2 2 2.7 8.6 2T. Tanoh Abee 10 4 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.7 1.3 5.7 4.55 3 T. Hasan Kr. Kalee 10 4 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.2 2.7 7.6 4.7 4Tgk. Chik Di Lamnyong 4.1 2 ‐‐1.9 ‐ 1.3 7.2 9.6 5Putroe Phang 4 2 ‐‐‐‐1 17.25 4 6 Meurebo 42 ‐‐‐2 ‐ 5.6 5.8 7Kuta Inong Balee 4 2 ‐‐‐‐1.45 2.3 5.95 8Hamzah Fansuri 4 2 ‐‐‐1.4 1.2 8.35 6.3 9Tgk. Chik Pante Kulu 5 2 ‐‐‐1.2 1.1 8.05 8.55 10 Utama 12 4 0.5 4.4 3.2 1.1 1.8 7 6.2 b. Bicycle path provision in Unsyiah Area

Bicycle path route planning at the Unsyiah area road network can be seen in Picture 1.

Picture 1 Unsyiah Bicycle Path Road Map

Based on the space analysis result, bicycle path standard and road standards, the type of bicycle path than can be used in Unsyiah area can be planned. The bike path type mostly has been planned to using first class type, with 1.5 meters width in the both side of the road. In jalan Ar- Raniry, because of the limited space on the one side of the road, the bike path have to build on the

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one side for 2 way traffic as a first class type and 2.85 meter width. This is possible because of the road free space (the right of way) on the one side of the road has more than enough wide to build 2 way bicycle path traffic. Bicycle path in the Jalan Kuta Inong Bale will be using first class type, where on the one side it has 1.5 meter width and on the other side have minimum width of 1.08 meter.

3.3 Strategy Analysis on Bicycle path Provision

Factor’s that affecting the bicycle path provision divided into internal factors and external factors. Internal factors consist of strengths and weaknesses, while external factors consist of opportunities and threats.

Some things that can be identified to be the strengths in the bicycle path provision are as follows: space availability for the bicycle path; flat topography condition made the possibility to provide the path; cycling made the user healthier; cycling is eco-friendly transportation; cycling could save the use of fossil fuel.

Some things that can be identified to be the weakness in the bicycle path provision are as follows: hot and humid weather condition; bicycle has a low speed; bicycle is a short-distance transportation moda; zero number in using the bicycle to go to university.

Some things that can be identified to be the opportunities in the bicycle path provision are as follows: Governance policies that required to provide bicycle facility on the every road used for the public; Governance policies that required to provide bicycle facility to facing the gas emission reduction; The increase of cycling activities (bike week and fun bike); Banda Aceh government is planning to provide the bicycle path; Issues of the increasing fuel price

Some things that can be identified to be the threats in the bicycle path provision are as follows: Transportation now is being dominated by the motorized vehicle; Ease to buy a motorcycle; Bicycle rider safeties relatively more weak compare to the other transportation moda; The bicycle is easy to stole; Secondary artery road whic is cutting trough in the middle of the Unsyiah area; Motor vehicle parking on the each side of the road.

Based on the internal and external factors, there four alternative strategies can be used, they are: S-O Strategy; S-T Strategy; W-O Strategy; W-T Strategy. The result from these strategies can be seen as listed below: Providing a safe and comfortable bike path; Decree publishing from Syiah Kuala University rector about bicycle usage and transportation policy in the university area; provide the university bicycle. Motor vehicle restrictions; Bicycle path provision equipped with signs and markings; Provide a special space for bicycle park area. Planting shade trees around the

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bike path; Provide the bike racks on the public bus; Made the motor vehicle become more expensive; Improving bicycle speed technology. Providing incentives for bicycle users; Bicycle registration; Socialization of law and riding ethics to every road users; Motor vehicles limitation; More expensive and far parking area for motorized vehicle but cheaper and closer parking area for the bicycle; Locking / transporting motor vehicles parked on the road / not in its place; Gift for cyclists on the university area; Requiring students to use the bicycle as transportation within the university area beside on foot; Improving transport infrastructure and public transport facilities; Car free day on certain days; Passenger drop off prohibition in the university area.

3.5 Bicycle Path Discussion

From the analysis of the data obtained from the survey that the type of transport used by students, faculty, and employees is dominated by motor vehicles amounted to 99.37% with the use of motorcycles is 65% while the non-motorized vehicles only at 0.63%. From it, the one who has a bicycle is only 45.63%. Mostly all of them use the bicycle for sport activities only amounted for 82.43% and for recreation activities at 12.16%.

Obviously the intended bicycle use trend for Banda Aceh resident who working as students, lecturers and university employees is same with the others city in Indonesia such as Semarang city in Central java. According to Artiningsih et al. (2011), based on the results of the survey there are many people who do cycling activity in neighborhood area. The uses of bicycles for sport and recreation activities are also commonly found in residential areas with a range of 1-3 km. This is slightly different from the intended use of the bike at the University of Indonesia studied by Wulandarie (2009), which states that the purpose of the use of bicycles is dominated by leisure purposes (48.7%), while the purpose of transportation (30.12%) and followed by sports destination (21.1%).

Based on the data of the type of transportation used, it is very difficult to implement the use of bicycles as a means of transportation within the university, but the hope is still there with the respondents who use bicycles, although it’s only for sport and recreation activities. In addition, based on the perception of using the bike as an alternative transport in Syiah Kuala University there are agreed statement as 75.63% on it. Perceptions of the policy for using the bicycle in the university area obtained agreed statement by 70.63%. Both of the above perceptions are expected to support the use of bicycles as an alternative transportation in Syiah Kuala University campus.

In order to support the cycling activities in university environment, it needs to be supported by bicycle path provision. Based on the results of a survey on perceptions about the bicycle path provision agreed statement is 85%. Desired type of bike paths is Bike Lane (47.50%), Bike Path (45.63%), and Bike Route (6.8%). The choose of Bike Lane type in an area can serve as a motor

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA 123 Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

vehicle reduction stimulus, but the choice of this type is less suitable to be applied because beside road technical requirements such as the narrow road, the safetiness must be considered too.

Based on the existing condition of the road free space (the right of way) on the streets in Syiah Kuala University and the safety factor, it is recommended for using the Bike Path type where 45.63% of respondents agreed on it. The implementation of this type is in accordance with same path built in the University of Indonesia. According to Riwanto (2009), mentioning that the bike path at the University of Indonesia is for the two-way traffic lane which is physically separated from motor vehicle traffic with a width dimension 2.1 m and using block paving material for the surface. Implementation of this type also supported by the research from Artiningsih et al. (2011), which is based on the results of their analysis, this type is used for educational, recreation, health, housing, trade, and services places.

The next stage of the bicycle path application comprising the steps of initiation, development and strengthening. Based on that, the bicycle path implementation on UNSYIAH campus has already passed first phase (Initiation) where the application of the existing trend is still for sport and recreation activities. This will enter the second phase (development) based on the readiness of the intensity of the increasing supporting infrastructure, with the hope of intended use of the bicycle as transportation to the office or school with a distance range of 1-5 km.Artiningsih et al. (2011) which states that the implementation of bike lanes in the area of education in the city of Semarang likely to apply in colleges such as the University of Diponegoro in Semarang State University.

4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1) Type of transport used by students, lecturers, and employees of the university dominated by motor vehicles (99.37%), with majority using motorcycles (65%) while the non-motorized vehicles only at 0.63%. According to the data the respondent who have a bike is only 45.63% with the purpose of using the bike mostly for sport (82.43%) and recreation activities (12.16 %.)

2) Perceptions of students, lecturers and employees of Unsyiah for Bicycle Track Provisison on Unsyiah indicate approval rate of 85%.

3) The existing land use are possible for bike tracks provision, and was designated to Level I (bike path).

4) Several strategies can be formulated to support the bike tracks provision in Unsyiah campus include: provide safe and comfortable bike paths, providing the campus bike, issuing the

ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) 124 UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013

Unsyiah Rector decree about the bicycle use, transportation policy, and motor vehicles restriction in the Unsyiah Campus

5) Bicycle path implementation in the Unsyiah area need to be supported by provide parking area for motorized vehicle outside the university, campus bike, shuttle bus and improving safe and pleasant and right on time public transport.

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ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE) UNIVERSITY OF SYIAH KUALA 125 Banda Aceh, 19 – 20 September 2013